Fabien Cousteau: What I learned from spending 31 days underwater

Translator: Adisa Ejubovic Reviewer: Nedžad Neziri

I have a confession to make.

Imam jedno priznanje.

I am addicted to adventure,

Ovisan sam o avanturama

and as a young boy,

i kao dječak

I would rather look outside the window

radije bih kroz prozor gledao

at the birds in the trees and the sky

ptice, drveće i nebo

than looking at that two-dimensional

nego dvodimenzionalnu tablu

chalky blackboard where time stands still

umrljanu kredom gdje je vrijeme nepomično

and even sometimes dies.

ili ga uopšte nema.

My teachers thought there was something wrong

Moji nastavnici su mislili da sa mnom

with me because I wasn't paying attention in class.

nešto nije u redu jer nisam pazio na času.

They didn't find anything specifically wrong with me,

Nisu otkrili konkretan razlog

other than being slightly dyslexic because I'm a lefty.

osim da sam malo disleksičan jer sam ljevoruk.

But they didn't test for curiosity.

Ali nisu testirali moju radoznalost.

Curiosity, to me,

Za mene, radoznalost

is about our connection

se odnosi na našu povezanost

with the world, with the universe.

sa svijetom i svemirom.

Na želju da vidimo šta je iza koraljne kolonije

It's about seeing what's around that next coral head

or what's around that next tree,

ili iza onog drveta

and learning more not only about our environment

i da naučimo više ne samo o našem okruženju

but about ourselves.

nego i on nama samima.

Now, my dream of dreams,

San mojih snova

I want to go explore the oceans of Mars,

je da istražujem Marsove okeane

but until we can go there,

ali dok ne stignemo dotle

I think the oceans still hold

mislim da okeani ovdje još uvijek

quite a few secrets.

čuvaju poprilično tajni.

As a matter of fact,

Zapravo,

if you take our planet as the oasis in space that it is

ako shvatite našu planetu kao oazu u svemiru

and dissect it into a living space,

i secirate je, vidjećete da

the ocean represents over 3.4 billion

okean zauzima preko 3,4 milijardi

cubic kilometers of volume, within which

kubnih kilometara zapremine, od koje

we've explored less than five percent.

smo istražili manje od 5 posto.

And I look at this, and I go, well,

Kad vidim to, pomislim da

there are tools to go deeper, longer and further:

postoje sredstva kojima se može otići dublje i dalje:

submarines, ROVs, even Scuba diving.

podmornice, vozila na daljinsko upravljanje pa i ronjenje s bocom.

But if we're going to explore the final frontier

Ali ako želimo da istražimo zadnju granicu

on this planet, we need to live there.

na ovoj planeti, moramo da živimo tu.

We need to build a log cabin, if you will,

Moramo da sagradimo brvnaru

at the bottom of the sea.

na dnu mora.

And so there was a great curiosity in my soul

U mojoj duši je ležala velika radoznalost

when I went to go visit a TED [Prize winner]

kada sam otišao da posjetim TED govornika,

by the name of Dr. Sylvia Earle.

dr Sylviu Earle.

Maybe you've heard of her.

Možda ste čuli za nju.

Two years ago, she was staked out

Prije 2 godine radila je

at the last undersea marine laboratory

u posljednjoj podvodnoj laboratiji

to try and save it,

kako bi je pokušala spasiti

to try and petition

kako bi se zauzela za to

for us not to scrap it

da ne odustanemo od nje

and bring it back on land.

i vratimo je na kopno.

We've only had about a dozen or so

Imali smo samo desetak

scientific labs at the bottom of the sea.

naučnih laboratorija na dnu mora.

There's only one left in the world:

Ostala je samo još jedna na svijetu:

it's nine miles offshore

udaljena je od kopna 14 km

and 65 feet down.

na dubini od 20 metara.

It's called Aquarius.

Zove se vodolija.

Aquarius, in some fashion,

Vodolija je u neku ruku

is a dinosaur,

dinosaurus,

an ancient robot chained to the bottom,

drevni robot zakovan za dno mora.

this Leviathan.

Ona je Levijatan.

In other ways, it's a legacy.

Drukčije rečeno, ona je naslijeđe.

And so with that visit, I realized that my time is short

Poslije te posjete shvatio sam da nisam imao puno vremena

if I wanted to experience

ako sam htio da iskusim

what it was like to become an aquanaut.

kako je biti akvanaut.

When we swam towards this after many

Kada smo se zaputili prema njemu

moons of torture and two years of preparation,

posle velike muke i dugogodišnje pripreme

this habitat waiting to invite us

ovo stanište koje nas je zvalo

was like a new home.

bilo je poput novog doma.

And the point of going down to

Poenta odlaska dole

and living at this habitat was not to stay inside.

i života u ovom staništu nije bila da ostanemo unutra,

It wasn't about living at something the size of a school bus.

da živimo u nečemu što je veličine autobusa.

It was about giving us the luxury of time

Poenta je bila luksuzu vremena odvojenog

outside to wander, to explore,

kako bismo lutali napolju, istraživali,

to understand more about this oceanic final frontier.

naučili nešto više o zadnjoj okeanskoj granici.

We had megafauna come and visit us.

Posjetila nas je megafauna.

This spotted eagle ray is a fairly common sight in the oceans.

Ovaj morski golub je česti prizor u okeanima.

But why this is so important,

A razlog zašto je ovo važno,

why this picture is up,

zašto je ova slika ovdje

is because this particular animal brought his friends around,

je zato što je ova životinja dovela i svoje prijatelje

and instead of being the pelagic animals that they were,

i umjesto da se ponašaju kao tipične morske životinje

they started getting curious about us,

bile su radoznale o nama,

these new strangers that were moving into the neighborhood,

strancima koji su se useljavali u njihovo susjedstvo

doing things with plankton.

i radili nešto sa planktonima.

We were studying all sorts of animals and critters,

Proučavali smo razne životinje i stvorenja

and they got closer and closer to us,

i oni su se sve više približavali,

and because of the luxury of time,

i zbog luksuza vremena

these animals, these residents of the coral reef,

ove životinje, ovi stanovnici koraljnih grebena

were starting to get used to us,

počeli su da se navikavaju na nas

and these pelagics that normal travel through stopped.

i ova morska stvorenja koja inače samo prođu, sada su zastala.

This particular animal actually circled

Ova životinja je kružila oko nas

for 31 full days during our mission.

31 dan u toku naše misije.

So mission 31 wasn't so much

Misija 31 nije bila puno vezana za

about breaking records.

rušenje rekorda

It was about that human-ocean connection.

nego za povezanost između ljudi i okeana.

Because of the luxury of time, we were able

Luksuz vremena nam je omogućio

to study animals such as sharks and grouper

da proučavamo životinje poput ajkula i kirnja

in aggregations that we've never seen before.

u jatima kakva nismo dosad vidjeli.

It's like seeing dogs and cats behaving well together.

Isto kao da smo vidjeli pse i mačke kako se slažu.

Even being able to commune with animals

Čak i mogućnost da komuniciramo sa

that are much larger than us,

mnogo većim životinjama

such as this endangered goliath grouper

kao što je ova ugrožena golijat kirnja

who only still resides in the Florida Keys.

koja samo nastanjuje Floridu Keys.

Of course, just like any neighbor,

Naravno, kao i svaki susjed

after a while, if they get tired,

ako se umore na kraju,

the goliath grouper barks at us,

ova kirnja bi lajala na nas

and this bark is so powerful

i taj lavež je tako snažan

that it actually stuns its prey before it aspirates it all

da parališe svoj plijen prije nego ga usisa u sebe

within a split second.

u djeliću sekunde.

For us, it's just telling us to go back

Nama samo govori da se vratimo

into the habitat and leave them alone.

u stanište i ostavimo ih na miru.

Now, this wasn't just about adventure.

Ovo nije bilo samo jedna avantura.

There was actually a serious note to it.

Postajala je i ozbiljna instanca.

We did a lot of science, and again, because of the luxury of time,

Puno smo se bavili naukom tamo i zahvaljujući luksuzu vremena

we were able to do over three years of science

uspjeli smo da 3 godine nauke pređemo

in 31 days.

za 31 dan.

In this particular case, we were using a PAM,

U ovom konkretnom slučaju koristili smo PAM

or, let me just see if I can get this straight,

ili, da vidim ako mogu da to sročim,

a Pulse Amplitude Modulated Fluorometer.

fluorometar impulsno-amplitudne modulacije.

And our scientists from FIU, MIT,

I naši naučnici sa univerziteta FIU, MIT

and from Northeastern

i Sjevernoistočnog univerziteta

were able to get a gauge for what coral reefs do

mogli su da izmjere šta rade koraljni grebeni

when we're not around.

kada mi nismo tu.

The Pulse Amplitude Modulated Fluorometer, or PAM,

Fluorometar impulsno-amplitudne modulacije ili PAM

gauges the fluorescence of corals

mjeri fluorescentnost koralja

as it pertains to pollutants in the water

jer ona ima veze sa zagađenošću vode

as well as climate change-related issues.

kao i problemima uzrokovanim promjenom klime.

We used all sorts of other cutting-edge tools,

Koristili smo raznolike savremene alate

such as this sonde, or what I like to call

poput ove sonde, ili kako je ja zovem,

the sponge proctologist, whereby the sonde

proktolog za sunđere. Ova sonda

itself tests for metabolism rates

testira stopu metabolizma

in what in this particular case is a barrel sponge,

burastog sunđera, u ovom konkretnom slučaju,

or the redwoods of the [ocean].

ili crvenog drveta okeana.

Ovo nam daje odličnu perspektivu

And this gives us a much better gauge

of what's happening underwater

onoga što se dešava pod vodom

with regard to climate change-related issues,

u odnosu na probleme uzrokovane promjenom klime

and how the dynamics of that

i utjecaje dinamike ovoga

affect us here on land.

na nas na kopnu.

And finally, we looked at predator-prey behavior.

Promatrali smo ponašanje između predatora i plijena.

And predator-prey behavior is an interesting thing,

To je bilo jako zanimljivo

because as we take away some of the predators

jer kako smo uzimali neke od predatora

on these coral reefs around the world,

na ovim grebenima širom svijeta

the prey, or the forage fish, act very differently.

plijen, tj. sitne ribe, ponašale bi se sasvim drugačije.

What we realized is

Uočili smo da

not only do they stop taking care of the reef,

ne samo da prestaju da se brinu za greben

darting in, grabbing a little bit of algae

ulećući unutra i grabeći nešto algi

and going back into their homes,

i potom se vraćale kući,

they start spreading out and disappearing

nego su se i rasprostirale nestajale

from those particular coral reefs.

sa mjesta gdje su ti grebeni.

Well, within that 31 days,

Unutar 31 dana

we were able to generate over 10 scientific papers

uspjeli smo da napišemo 10 naučnih radova

on each one of these topics.

na svaku od navedenih tema.

But the point of adventure is not only to learn,

Ali poenta avanture nije bila samo učenje,

it's to be able to share that knowledge with the world,

nego i mogućnost da se znanje podijeli sa svijetom

and with that, thanks to a couple of engineers at MIT,

i zahvaljujući inžinjerima sa MIT-a,

we were able to use a prototype camera called the Edgertronic

mogli smo da iskoristimo kameru Edgertronic

to capture slow-motion video,

da napravimo usporene snimke

up to 20,000 frames per second

i do 20.000 okvirova po sekundi

in a little box

u maloj kutiji

that's worth 3,000 dollars.

vrijednoj 3.000 dolara.

It's available to every one of us.

Dostupna je svakom od nas.

And that particular camera gives us an insight

Ta kamera nam daje uvid

into what fairly common animals do

u ono što životinje obično rade

but we can't even see it in the blink of an eye.

ali mi ne možemo da vidmo jer jer prebrzo.

Let me show you a quick video

Da vam pokažem brzo snimak

of what this camera does.

onoga šta ta kamera radi.

You can see the silky bubble come out

Možete vidjeti svilenkast mjehur kako izlazi

of our hard hats.

iz naših tvrdiš šljemova.

It gives us an insight

Daje nam uvid

into some of the animals that we were sitting

u životinje pored kojih smo sjedjeli

right next to for 31 days

31 dan, ali

and never normally would have paid attention to,

na koje inače nismo obraćali pažnju,

such as hermit crabs.

kao što je rak samac.

Now, using a cutting-edge piece of technology

Korištenje savremene tehnologije

that's not really meant for the oceans

koja nije namijenjena za okeane

is not always easy.

nije uvijek lako.

We sometimes had to put the camera upside down,

Morali smo nekada da okrenemo kameru naopako,

cordon it back to the lab,

povežemo je kablom za laboratoriju

and actually man the trigger

i aktiviramo je

from the lab itself.

iz same laboratorije.

But what this gives us

Ovo nam pruža

is the foresight to look at and analyze

mogućnost da u naučnom i inženjerskom

in scientific and engineering terms

smislu analiziramo

some of the most amazing behavior

neka zapanjujuća ponašanja

koja su nevidljiva ljudskom oku

that the human eye just can't pick up,

such as this manta shrimp

kao što je pokušaj ove škamp bogomoljke

trying to catch its prey,

da uhvati svoj plijen

within about .3 seconds.

u roku od 0,3 sekunde.

That punch is as strong as a .22 caliber bullet,

Taj udarac je jačine metka kalibra .22 i

and if you ever try to catch a bullet

ako ste ikad okom probali

in mid-flight with your eye, impossible.

uhvatiti metak u letu, to je nemoguće.

But now we can see things

Ali sada možemo da vidimo

such as these Christmas tree worms

poput ovih božićnih crva

pulling in and fanning out

kako se uvlače i zatvaraju

in a way that the eye just can't capture,

na način nedostupan ljudskom oku

or in this case,

ili u ovom slučaju

a fish throwing up grains of sand.

vidite ribu kako baca zrnca pijeska.

This is an actual sailfin goby,

Ovo je pravi glavočić repaš

and if you look at it in real time,

i ako ga pogledate u stvarnom vremenu,

it actually doesn't even show its fanning motion

uopšte se ne vidi kretanje njegovih peraja

because it's so quick.

jer je tako brzo.

One of the most precious gifts that we had underwater

Jedna od najvrednijih darova koje smo imali

is that we had WiFi,

pod vodoom bio je WiFi

and for 31 days straight we were able to connect

i tokom 31 dana mogli smo se povezati

with the world in real time from the bottom of the sea

sa svijetom u pravom vremenu sa dna mora

and share all of these experiences.

kako bismo podijelili ova iskustva.

Quite literally right there

Ondje doslovno

I am Skyping in the classroom

skajpam u učionici

with one of the six continents

sa jednim od 6 kontinenata

and some of the 70,000 students that we connected

i nekih 70.000 studenata sa kojima smo se čuli

every single day to some of these experiences.

svaki dan.

As a matter of fact, I'm showing a picture that I took

Zapravo, pokazujem vam sliku golijat kirnje

with my smartphone from underwater

kako leži na dnu i koju

of a goliath grouper laying on the bottom.

sam uslikao smartfonom.

We had never seen that before.

To nikada prije nismo vidjeli.

And I dream of the day

Sanjam o danu kada ćemo imati

that we have underwater cities,

gradove pod vodom

and maybe, just maybe, if we push the boundaries

i možda ako uspijemo da prevaziđemo granice

of adventure and knowledge,

avantura i znanja

and we share that knowledge with others out there,

i podijelimo naše znanje sa drugima

we can solve all sorts of problems.

možemo da riješimo razne probleme.

My grandfather used to say,

Moj djed je govorio

"People protect what they love."

"Ljudi štite ono što vole".

My father, "How can people protect

Moj otac: " Kako da ljudi zaštite

what they don't understand?"

ono što ne razumiju?"

And I've thought about this my whole life.

Razmišljao sam o ovome čitav život.

Nothing is impossible.

Ništa nije nemoguće.

We need to dream, we need to be creative,

Moramo da sanjamo, budemo kreativni

and we all need to have an adventure

i moramo da budemo avanturisti

in order to create miracles in the darkest of times.

kako bismo stvorili čuda u najcrnjim vremenima.

And whether it's about climate change

Ticalo se to klimatskih promjena

or eradicating poverty

ili iskorjenja siromaštva

or giving back to future generations

ili vraćanja budućim generacijama onoga

what we've taken for granted,

što smo uzimali zdravo za gotovo

it's about adventure.

sve je to jedna avantura.

And who knows, maybe there will be underwater cities,

I ko zna, možda će i postojati podvodni gradovi

and maybe some of you

i možda će neko od vas

will become the future aquanauts.

biti budući akvanaut.

Thank you very much.

Hvala puno.

(Applause)