The twins who tricked the Maya gods of death - Ilan Stavans

1,938,336 views ・ 2021-11-11

TED-Ed


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

Prevodilac: Andjelka Stojanovic Lektor: Ivana Korom
00:06
Day after day, the twin brothers, Jun and Wuqub,
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Dan za danom, Un i Vukub, braća blizanci,
00:10
ran back and forth playing ball.
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trče unaokolo i igraju igre loptom.
00:12
One day, their vigorous game disturbed the lords of the underworld,
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Jednoga dana, njihovu energičnu igru su poremetili bogovi podzemlja
00:17
who challenged the twins to a match.
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i izazvali blizance na takmičenje.
00:19
But when the brothers arrived, the lords trapped and killed them,
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Kada su braća stigla na mesto takmičenja, bogovi podzemlja su ih zarobili i ubili,
00:24
hanging Jun’s head from a tree as a trophy.
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okačivši Unovu glavu da visi na drvetu kao trofej.
00:28
The tree soon sprouted massive fruit,
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Ubrzo je sa drveta proklijalo ogromno voće,
00:31
which caught the attention of one of the lords’ daughters.
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što je privuklo pažnju jedne od bogovih ćerki.
00:34
When she reached for it, the skull of Jun spat on her hand
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Kada je pokušala da dohvati to voće, Unova lobanja joj je pljunula u šaku
00:38
and impregnated her.
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i ona je ostala trudna.
00:40
Fleeing of her father’s wrath,
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Bežeći od očevog gneva,
00:42
she sought refuge with her mother-in-law and gave birth to twin sons:
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našla je utočište kod svoje svekrve i ubrzo rodila blizance:
00:47
Junajpu and Ixb’alanke.
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Unapua i Iksbalankea.
00:50
The second generation of twins discovered their father’s ballgame equipment,
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Nova generacija blizanaca je pronašla opremu svoga oca za loptanje,
00:55
which their grandmother had hidden, and began to play.
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koju je njihova baba sakrila, i započeli su igru loptom.
00:59
Soon enough, the messengers from the underworld
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Ubrzo posle toga, glasnici podzemnog sveta
01:02
arrived to issue another challenge.
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stižu da izdaju još jedan izazov.
01:05
Knowing what had happened to their fathers,
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Iako su znali šta se njihovom ocu desilo,
01:08
the twins nevertheless answered the call,
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blizanci su se ipak odazvali pozivu,
01:10
trekking through deep caverns
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prolazili su kroz duboke pećine
01:12
and across rivers filled with scorpions, blood, and pus,
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i preko reka punih škorpija, krvi i gnoja,
01:17
until they reached the great city
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sve dok nisu stigli u veliki grad
01:20
from which the lords of the underworld controlled every aspect of nature
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odakle su bogovi podzemlja kontrolisali celu prirodu
01:24
and caused suffering for humans.
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i stvarali patnju ljudima.
01:27
The twins pressed on, searching for the lords who had challenged them.
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Pritisnuli su, tražeći bogove koji su ih izazvali.
01:31
The lords had hidden among statues of themselves to confuse their guests,
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Bogovi su se sakrili među svojim statuama, da bi zbununili blizance,
01:36
but the brothers sent a mosquito ahead of them.
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ali braća su poslala komarca ispred sebe.
01:40
When it stung the figures, the lords cried out, revealing themselves.
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Kada je komarac izbo figure, bogovi su vrisnuli otkrivši se.
01:44
They forced the twins to spend the night in the House of Darkness.
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Naterali su blizance da provedu noć u Kući Tame.
01:49
They gave them a torch, but warned they must return it unburnt or face death.
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Dali su im baklju, upozorivši da moraju da je vrate neizgorelu ili se suoče sa smrću.
01:55
As the darkness closed in,
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Kada se tama spustila,
01:57
the quick-thinking brothers adorned the torch
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snalažljiva braća su ukrasila baklju
02:00
with red macaw feathers and fireflies.
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perjem crvenog papagaja i svicima.
02:04
Come morning, the lords were shocked to see the torch lit, but unburnt.
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Ujutru, bogovi su bili iznenađeni kada su videli upaljenu neizgorelu baklju.
02:09
They insisted on playing the game with their own ball.
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Insistirali su na igru njihovom loptom.
02:13
The twins agreed, only to find that the lords had hidden a weapon
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Blizanci su pristali, samo da bi saznali da su bogovi sakrili oružje
02:17
inside the ball,
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unutar lopte,
02:18
which chased them around the court, trying to kill them.
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koja ih je jurila svuda po dvoru, pokušavajući da ih ubije.
02:21
The twins survived that first round,
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Preživeli su prvi deo igre,
02:24
but by now they were sure this would be no ordinary match.
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ali sada su sigurni da to neće biti samo obično takmičenje.
02:28
They played many more rounds,
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Igrali su više krugova,
02:30
and each time the twins scored no better than a tie,
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i svaki put, blizanci nisu postigli ništa bolje od nerešenog rezultata,
02:34
leaving them to face whatever supernatural trial
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suočavajući se sa kakvim god natprirodnim sudom
02:37
the lords set for them before picking up the game again.
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koji su bogovi pripremili za njih pre nastavka igre.
02:41
They survived the House of Cold by lighting a fire,
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Preživeli su Kuću Hladnoće upalivši vatru,
02:44
and the House of Jaguars by feeding bones to the beasts.
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i Kuću Jaguara hranivši životinje kostima.
02:49
But in the House of Bats, a bat bit off Junajpu’s head.
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Nažalost u Kući Šišmiša, šišmiš odgrize Unapuu glavu.
02:54
Certain they now had the advantage,
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Imajući sigurnu prednost,
02:57
the lords called for another round of the ballgame,
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bogovi su tražili još jednu igru loptom,
03:00
hanging Junajpu’s head over the court.
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okačivši Unapuovu glavu da visi.
03:03
The quick-thinking Ixb’alanke called the animals to him.
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Brzo razmislivši, Iksbalanke je pozvao životinje ka sebi.
03:06
A turtle brought him a chilacayote squash,
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Kornjača mu je donela smokvolisnu tikvu,
03:09
and he carved it into the likeness of a head.
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koju je izrezbario kao glavu.
03:13
While the lords chased the ball, he swapped it with the head.
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Dok su bogovi bili zauzeti loptom, zamenio je tikvu glavom.
03:17
With Junajpu’s head back on his body, the twins played harder than ever.
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Sa Unapuovom glavom ponovo na njegovim ramenima, trudili su se više nego ikad.
03:22
Finally, they won the game,
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Na kraju su konačno pobedili,
03:25
hitting the hanging squash so it shattered on the ground.
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pogodivši tikvu koja je visila i razbivši je o zemlju.
03:28
The twins knew their treacherous hosts would not take the loss well.
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Znali su da njihovi podmukli domaćini neće dobro prihvatiti gubitak.
03:33
To protect themselves, they enlisted a pair of seers.
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Da zaštite sebe, angažovali su par vidovnjaka.
03:37
Sure enough, the lords burned the brothers in an oven,
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Naravno, bogovi su spržili braću u pećnici,
03:41
but the seers made sure their remains were thrown in the river,
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ali vidovnjaci su se potrudili da se njihovi ostaci bace u reku,
03:44
which restored them to life.
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što ih je vratilo u život.
03:46
The brothers then came before the lords disguised as two disheveled children
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Braća su kasnije došla kod bogova prerušena u dva uneređena deteta
03:52
and began to dance and perform miracles.
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i počela da plešu i izvode trikove.
03:55
For their final trick, Ixb’alanke pretended to kill Junajpu,
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Kao završni trik, Iksbalanke se pretvarao da ubija Unapua,
03:59
then resurrect him.
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zatim ga je vaskrsnuo.
04:01
The lords were so delighted that they demanded the same trick
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Bogovi su bili oduševljeni, tako da su zahtevali taj trik
04:04
be performed on them.
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da probaju na sebi.
04:07
Still in disguise, the brothers were only too happy to oblige,
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I dalje prerušena, braća su bila presrećna da ipune želju,
04:11
and began killing the lords one by one.
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i počeli da ubijaju bogove jednog po jednog.
04:14
As the surviving lords realized who stood before them
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Kada su bogovi koji su preživeli shvatili ko stoji pred njima,
04:18
and that no resurrection was forthcoming,
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i da nema predstojećeg vaskrsenja,
04:21
they begged for mercy, and the twins spoke their curse.
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molili su za milost, i blizanci su izgovorili svoju kletvu.
04:26
Henceforth, the lords would have no sacrifices
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Od sada pa nadalje, bogovi podzemlja neće više žrtvovati nikoga
04:29
and no power over the surface world.
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i neće imati nikakvu moć nad površinskim svetom.
04:32
Their days of terrorizing humans were over.
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Njihovim danima terorima nad ljudima je došao kraj.
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