How does the thyroid manage your metabolism? - Emma Bryce

Translator: Hekim Atay Reviewer: Daban Q Jaff

Nestled in the tissues of your neck is a small unassuming organ

Organek pir biçûk di stuyê me de cîh girtiye,

that wields enormous power over your body.

Lê li ser laşê me xwedî pir hêz e.

It's called the thyroid.

Dibêjinê Tîroîd.

Like the operations manager in a company,

Mîna serkarê kompanîekê,

its role is to make sure that the cells in your body are working properly.

erka wî, kontrolkirina ahenga hucreyên me ye.

It does that by using hormones to deliver messages to every single one of them.

Bi hormona peyam dişîne hemû hucreyan.

Ev organê pir girîng, ji lobûlan pêk tê.

This high-ranking organ is made up of lobules

that each contains smaller cells called follicles,

Her lobûl jî ji folîkûlan pêk tê.

which store the hormones the thyroid sends out into your blood.

Hormon di folîkûla de tên kom kirin.

Two of the most important hormones it produces

Hormanên girîng yên ku çêdike,

are thyroxine and triiodothyronine, or T3 and T4.

Tyroxine(T3) and TriiodoTyronine(T4) in.

As messengers, the hormone's job

Ev hormon e, ji hucreyan re,

is to instruct every cell in the body when to consume oxygen and nutrients.

Peyama wê, kengî O2 û xurek xerckirnê radigihînin.

That maintains the body's metabolism,

Reaksîyonê di hucreyan de enerjîyê çêdikin

the series of reactions our cells perform to provide us with energy.

metabolîzmayê pêk tînin.

This hormonal notification from the thyroid

Bi bandora hormonê tiroîd,

gets the heart pumping more efficiently,

dil leztir lêdixe û

and makes our cells break down nutrients faster.

hucreyên me leztir dişixûlin.

Ku zêdetir enerjî pêwist dibe,

When you need more energy,

the thyroid helps by sending out hormones to increase metabolism.

hormonên tiroîd metabolīzmayê lezgîntir dikin.

Ultimately, the thyroid allows our cells to use energy, grow and reproduce.

Tiroîd enerjî-çêkirin, mezinbûn û zêdebûna hucreyan Kontrol dike.

The thyroid is controlled by the pituitary gland,

Tiroid jî di bin kontrola petûetêrî de ye.

a hormonal gland deep in the brain that oversees the thyroid's tasks,

Tiroîd kengî û çiqas hormonan çêke,

making sure it knows when to send out its messengers.

Petûetêrî birêve dibe.

The pituitary's role is to sense if hormone levels in the blood

Dema hormonên tiroîd di xwînê de

are too low or too high,

kêm an zêde dibin

in which case it sends out instructions

hîpofîz bi hormona xwe TSH

in the form of the thyroid- stimulating hormone.

li tiroîd ferman dike û rast dike.

Even in this tightly controlled system, however,

Di vê pergala de jî,

management sometimes slips up.

carinan pirsgirek derdikevin.

Certain diseases,

Hin nexweşî,

growths in the thryoid

wek mezinbûna tiroîd,

or chemical imbalances in the body can confuse the organ

û bê ahengîyên kîmyevî, tiroîd şaş dikin,

and make it deaf to the pituitary's guiding commands.

û tiroîd ji qontrala hîpofîz derdikeve.

The first problem this causes is hyperthyroidism,

Pirsgirêka ku yekem derdikeve hipertroîdîzm e.

which happens when the organ sends out too many hormones.

Êv tê wateya ku tiroîd zêde hormon çêdike.

That means the cells are overloaded with instructions

Di vê rewşê de hucre leztir dixebitin,

to consume nutrients and oxygen.

û gelek oksîjen ū xurek tê xerc kirin.

They become overactive as a result,

Mirovên bi hîpertroîdîzm hîperaktîf in,

meaning a person with hyperthyroidism experiences a higher metabolism

dilê wan leztir lêdixe, zêde birçî dibin

signaled by a faster heartbeat, constant hunger, and rapid weight loss.

û kîloyan didin..

They also feel hot, sweaty, anxious, and find it difficult to sleep.

Pir bi xwêdan in, zêde bi hers in û xweş ranazin.

The opposite problem is hypothyroidism,

Hîpotiroidism tam vajî vê ye;

which happens when the thyroid sends out too few hormones,

Dema troîd kêm hormon çêdike,

meaning the body's cells don't have as many messengers to guide them.

derdikeve holê.

In response, cells grow listless and metabolism slows.

Metabolîzma hêdî dibe û hucre sist dibin.

People with hypothyroidism see symptoms in weight gain,

Mirovên bi hypothyroidisim kîlo distînin,

sluggishness, sensitivity to cold, swollen joints and feeling low.

tiral dibin, ji sermayê aciz in, û depresyonê de ne.

Baş e ku tedawî heye;

Luckily, there are medical treatments

that can help trigger the thyroid's activities again,

bandora troîd rast dike û

and bring the body back to a steady metabolic rate.

metabolîzmaya mirov normal dike.

For such a little organ, the thyroid wields an awful lot of power.

Herçend troîd wisa piçûk be jî, ew pir bi hêz e.

But a healthy thyroid manages our cells so effectively

Tiroîd karê xwe rast bike, beyî heya me jê hebe

that it can keep us running smoothly without us even noticing it's there.

hûcre bi tenduristî jiyana xwe didomînin.