Are Elvish, Klingon, Dothraki and Na'vi real languages? - John McWhorter

2,915,921 views ใƒป 2013-09-26

TED-Ed


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: benyamin zinshtein ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Sigal Tifferet
00:06
To many, one of the coolest things about "Game of Thrones"
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ืœืจื‘ื™ื, ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืžื’ื ื™ื‘ื™ื
ื‘"ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ื”ื›ืก"
00:09
is that the inhabitants of the Dothraki Sea
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื ื“ื•ืชืจืงื™
00:12
have their own real language.
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ื™ืฉ ืฉืคื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืžืฉืœื”ื.
00:14
And Dothraki came hot on the heels
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ื•ื”ื“ื•ืชืจืงื™ ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืžื™ื“ ืื—ืจื™
00:16
of the real language that the Na'vi speak in "Avatar,"
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ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืฉื”ื ืื‘ื™ ื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ื‘"ืื•ื•ืื˜ืจ",
00:20
which, surely, the Na'vi needed
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ืœื” ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื ื–ืงืงื• ื”ื ืื‘ื™
00:21
when the Klingons in "Star Trek" have had their own whole language since 1979.
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืœืงืœื™ื ื’ื•ื ื™ื ืž"ืžืกืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื"
ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉืคื” ืฉืœืžื” ืžืฉืœื”ื
ืžืื– 1979.
00:26
And let's not forget the Elvish languages
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ื•ื‘ื•ืื• ืœื ื ืฉื›ื— ืืช ื”ืฉืคื•ืช ื”ืืœืคื™ื•ืช
00:28
in J.R.R. Tolkien's "Lord of the Rings" trilogy,
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ื‘ื˜ืจื™ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ืช "ืฉืจ ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช" ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ืœืงื™ืŸ,
00:32
especially since that was the official grandfather
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ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืกื‘ื ื”ืจืฉืžื™
00:34
of the fantasy conlangs.
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ืฉืœ ืฉืคื•ืช ื”ืคื ื˜ื–ื™ื” ื”ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ื•ืช (ืงื•ื ืœืื ื’).
00:37
"Conlang" is short for "constructed language."
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"ืงื•ื ืœืื ื’" ื”ื•ื ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉืคื” ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ืช.
00:40
They're more than codes like Pig Latin,
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ื”ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืงื•ื“ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืคืช ื”ื‘ื™"ืช
00:43
and they're not just collections of fabricated slang like the Nadsat lingo
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ื•ื”ืŸ ืœื ืจืง ืื•ืกืฃ
ืฉืœ ืกืœื ื’ ืžื•ืžืฆื ื›ืžื• ื”"ื ืื“ืกืื˜"
00:47
that the teen hoodlums in "A Clockwork Orange" speak,
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ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื
ื‘"ืชืคื•ื– ื”ืžื›ื ื™" ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื,
00:50
where "droog" from Russian happens to mean "friend."
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ืฉื‘ื” "ื“ืจื•ื’" ืžืจื•ืกื™ืช
ืžืฉืžืขื• ื—ื‘ืจ.
00:52
What makes conlangs real languages isn't the number of words they have.
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš "ืงื•ื ืœืื ื’" ืœืฉืคื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช
ืื™ื ื• ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ.
00:57
It helps, of course, to have a lot of words.
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ื–ื” ืขื•ื–ืจ, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื™ืœื™ื.
00:59
Dothraki has thousands of words.
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ื‘ื“ื•ืชืจืงื™ ื™ืฉ ืืœืคื™ ืžื™ืœื™ื.
ื ืื‘ื™ ื”ื—ืœื” ืขื 1500 ืžื™ืœื™ื.
01:02
Na'vi started with 1,500 words.
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01:04
Fans on websites have steadily created more.
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ืื•ื”ื“ื™ื ื‘ืืชืจื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื™ืฆืจื• ืขื•ื“.
01:07
But we can see the difference between vocabulary alone
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ืื‘ืœ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ
ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“,
01:10
and what makes a real language
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ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืฉืคื” ืœืืžื™ืชื™ืช,
01:12
from a look at how Tolkien put together grand old Elvish,
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ืžื”ืฆืฆื” ื‘ืื™ืš ื˜ื•ืœืงื™ืŸ
ื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืืœืคื™ืช ืืฆื™ืœื™ืช ืขืชื™ืงื”,
01:16
a conlang with several thousands words.
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"ืงื•ื ืœืื ื’" ืขื ื›ืžื” ืืœืคื™ ืžื™ืœื™ื.
ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ, ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื ืŸ 5000 ืžื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืกื™ืช
01:19
After all, you could memorize 5,000 words of Russian
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01:22
and still be barely able to construct a sentence.
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ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืžืฉืคื˜.
01:24
A four-year-old would talk rings around you.
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ื™ืœื“ ื‘ืŸ 4 ื™ื“ื‘ืจ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื›ื ื‘ืžืขื’ืœื™ื.
01:27
That's because you have to know how to put the words together.
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ื›ื™ ืืชื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื“ืขืช
ืื™ืš ืœื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื™ื—ื“ื™ื•.
01:30
That is, a real language has grammar.
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืœืฉืคื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื™ืฉ ื“ืงื“ื•ืง.
ืœืืœืคื™ืช ื™ืฉ.
01:33
Elvish does.
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01:34
In English, to make a verb past, you add an "-ed."
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ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื–ืžืŸ ืขื‘ืจ
ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื "-ed".
01:38
Wash, washed.
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Wash, washed.
01:39
In Elvish, "wash" is "allu"
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ื‘ืืœืคื™ืช, ืœืฉื˜ื•ืฃ ื–ื” ืืœื•
01:42
and "washed" is "allune."
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ื•ืฉื˜ืฃ ื–ื” ืืœื•ื ื”.
01:45
Real languages also change over time.
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ืฉืคื•ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื’ื ืžืฉืชื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื.
01:47
There's no such thing as a language
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ืื™ืŸ ืฉืคื•ืช
ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื
01:49
that's the same today as it was a thousand years ago.
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ืœืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœืคื ื™ ืืœืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื.
01:52
As people speak, they drift into new habits,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื”ื ื ืกื—ืคื™ื ืœื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื,
01:55
shed old ones,
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ื•ืžืฉื™ืœื™ื ื™ืฉื ื™ื,
01:56
make mistakes, and get creative.
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ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช,
ื•ื ื”ื™ื™ื ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื.
01:58
Today, one says,
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ื”ื™ื•ื, ืื ืฉื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื,
02:00
"Give us today our daily bread."
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"ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื ืืช ื”ืœื—ื ื”ื™ื•ืžื™"
02:02
In Old English, they said,
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ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืขืชื™ืงื”, ื”ื™ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื,
02:04
"Urne gedaeghwamlican hlaf syle us todaeg."
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"Urne gedaeghwamlican hlaf syle us todaeg."
ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ื’ื ื‘"ืงื•ื ืœืื ื’".
02:09
Things change in conlangs, too.
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02:11
Tolkien charted out ancient and newer versions of Elvish.
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ื˜ื•ืœืงื™ืŸ ืžื™ืคื”
ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ืขืชื™ืงื•ืช ื•ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืœืคื™ืช.
02:15
When the first Elves awoke at Cuiviรฉnen,
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ื›ืฉื”ืืœืคื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื• ื‘"ืงื•ื•ื™ื•ื™ืื ืŸ",
02:17
in their new language,
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ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืœื”ื,
02:18
the word for "people" was "kwendi,"
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ื”ืžื™ืœื” ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” "ืงื•ื•ื ื“ื™",
02:20
but in the language of one of the groups that moved away, Teleri,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉืคื” ืฉืœ ืื—ืช ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช
ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืงื•, ื˜ืœืจื™,
02:24
over time, "kwendi" became "pendi,"
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ื‘ืžืจื•ืฆืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื, ืงื•ื•ื ื“ื™ ื ื”ื™ื” ืคื ื“ื™,
02:26
with the "k" turning into a "p."
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืง ื”ืคื›ื” ืœ-ืค.
ื•ืžืžืฉ ื›ืžื• ืฉืคื•ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ื•ืช,
02:30
And just like real languages, conlangs like Elvish split off into many.
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"ืงื•ื ืœืื ื’" ื›ืžื• ืืœืคื™ืช ื”ืชืคืฆืœื” ืœืฉืคื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช.
02:34
When the Romans transplanted Latin across Europe,
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ื›ืฉื”ืจื•ืžืื™ื ื”ืฉืจื™ืฉื• ืœื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืื™ืจื•ืคื”,
02:37
French, Spanish, and Italian were born.
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ื ื•ืœื“ื• ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช, ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช ื•ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช.
02:39
When groups move to different places,
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ื›ืฉืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื,
02:41
over time, their ways of speaking grow apart,
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ื‘ืžืจื•ืฆืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื”ื ืžืฉืชื ื”,
02:44
just like everything else about them.
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ืžืžืฉ ื›ืžื• ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื”ื.
02:46
Thus, Latin's word for hand was "manus,"
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ืœื›ืŸ, ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ืœื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ืœื™ื“ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืื ื•ืก,
02:48
but in French, it became "main,"
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช, ื”ื™ื ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืืŸ
02:50
while in Spain it became "mano."
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช ื–ื” ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืื ื•.
02:53
Tolkien made sure Elvish did the same kind of thing.
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ื˜ื•ืœืงื™ืŸ ื•ื™ื“ื ืฉืืœืคื™ืช ืชืขืฉื” ืืช ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ.
02:56
While that original word "kwendi" became "pendi"
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ืงื•ื•ื ื“ื™ ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืคื ื“ื™
02:59
among the Teleri,
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ืืฆืœ ื”ื˜ืœืจื™,
03:00
among the Avari, who spread throughout Middle Earth,
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ืืฆืœ ื”ืื•ื•ืืจื™, ืฉื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื• ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื”,
03:03
it became "kindi" when the "w" dropped out.
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ื”ื™ื ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืงื™ื ื“ื™
ื›ืืฉืจ ื”-ื•ื• ื ืคืœื”.
ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืืœืคื™ืช ืฉื˜ื•ืœืงื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ืฃ ืœืจื•ื‘
03:07
The Elvish varieties Tolkien fleshed out the most
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ื”ื•ื ืงื•ื•ื ื™ื™ื” ื•ืกื™ื ื“ืืจื™ืŸ,
03:10
are Quenya and Sindarin,
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03:11
and their words are different in the same way French and Spanish are.
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ื•ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื•ืช
ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช ื•ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
03:15
Quenya has "suc" for "drink,"
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ื‘ืงื•ื•ื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืชื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืกื•ืง
03:16
Sindarin has "sog."
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ื‘ืกื™ื ื“ืืจื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืกื•ื’.
03:19
And as you know, real languages are messy.
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ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืฉืคื•ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืžื‘ื•ืœื’ื ื•ืช.
03:22
That's because they change,
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ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืฉืชื ื•ืช,
03:23
and change has a way of working against order,
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ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื ื’ื“ ื”ืกื“ืจ,
03:26
just like in a living room or on a bookshelf.
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ื‘ืกืœื•ืŸ
ืื• ื‘ืžื“ืฃ ืกืคืจื™ื.
03:29
Real languages are never perfectly logical.
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ืฉืคื•ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ื•ืช ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ.
03:32
That's why Tolkien made sure that Elvish had plenty of exceptions.
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ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื˜ื•ืœืงื™ืŸ ื•ื™ื“ื
ืฉื‘ืืœืคื™ืช ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ.
ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืœื™ื ืžื•ืฆืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื•ืช
03:36
Lots of verbs are conjugated in ways you just have to know.
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ืฉืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืขืช.
03:39
Take even the word "know."
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ืงื—ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ืœื“ืขืช" know.
03:41
In the past, it's "knew,"
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ื‘ืขื‘ืจ, ื–ื” "ื™ื“ืขืช" knew,
03:43
which isn't explained by any of the rules in English.
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ืฉืœื ืžื•ืกื‘ืจ ืข"ื™ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช.
ื ื•, ื˜ื•ื‘.
03:47
Oh well.
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03:48
In Elvish, "know" is "ista,"
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ื‘ืืœืคื™ืช, "ืœื“ืขืช" ื–ื” ืื™ืกื˜ื”,
03:50
but "knew" is "sinte."
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ืื‘ืœ "ื™ื“ืข" ื–ื” ืกื™ื ื˜ื”.
03:52
Oh well.
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ื ื•, ื˜ื•ื‘.
ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื, ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช,
03:54
The truth is, though, that Elvish is more a sketch for a real language
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ืฉืืœืคื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืžื• ืกืงื™ืฆื” ืœืฉืคื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช
03:57
than a whole one.
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ืžืืฉืจ ืฉืคื” ืฉืœืžื”.
ืืœืคื™ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ืชื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื˜ื•ืœืงื™ืŸ
03:59
For Tolkien, Elvish was a hobby
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04:01
rather than an attempt to create something people could actually speak.
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ื•ืœื ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืฉื”ื•
ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ื‘ืืžืช ืœื“ื‘ืจ.
04:04
Much of the Elvish the characters in the "Lord of the Rings" movies speak
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ืืœืคื™ืช ืฉื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช
ื‘ืกืจื˜ื™ "ืฉืจ ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช" ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื
04:08
has been made up since Tolkien by dedicated fans of Elvish
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ื”ื•ืžืฆืื” ืžืื– ื˜ื•ืœืงื™ืŸ
ืข"ื™ ืžืขืจื™ืฆื™ื ืžืกื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืืœืคื™ืช
04:11
based on guesses as to what Tolkien would have constructed.
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ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื ื™ื—ื•ืฉื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื” ื˜ื•ืœืงื™ืŸ
ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื•ื ื”.
04:15
That's the best we can do for Elvish because there are no actual Elves around
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ื–ื” ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืœืคื™ืช
ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ืืžืช ืืœืคื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื ื•
04:19
to speak it for us.
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ืฉื™ื“ื‘ืจื• ืื•ืชื”.
04:21
But the modern conlangs go further.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”"ืงื•ื ืœืื ื’" ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช ืœื•ืงื—ื•ืช ืฆืขื“ ื ื•ืกืฃ.
04:23
Dothraki, Na'vi, and Klingon are developed enough
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ื“ื•ืชืจืืงื™, ื ืื‘ื™ ื•ืงืœื™ื ื’ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืŸ ืžืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช ืžืกืคื™ืง
04:26
that you can actually speak them.
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ื›ื“ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชืŸ.
04:28
Here's a translation of "Hamlet" into Klingon,
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ื”ื ื” ืชืจื’ื•ื ืฉืœ "ื”ืžืœื˜" ืœืงืœื™ื ื’ื•ื ื™ืช,
04:31
although performing it would mean getting used
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืื•ืชื• ืžืฉืžืขื• ืœื”ืชืจื’ืœ
ืœื‘ื˜ื ืง' ืขื ื”ืขื ื‘ืœ,
04:33
to pronouncing "k" with your uvula,
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04:35
that weird, cartoony thing hanging in the back of your throat.
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื•ื–ืจ, ื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ ืฉืชืœื•ื™
ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ืื—ื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœื›ื.
04:38
Believe it or not, you actually do that in plenty of languages around the world,
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ืชืืžื™ื ื• ืื• ืœื,
ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืืžืช ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื”
ืฉืคื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื,
04:42
like Eskimo ones.
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ื›ืžื• ืฉืคื•ืช ืืกืงื™ืžื•.
04:44
Pronouncing Elvish is much easier, though.
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ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืื•ืช ื‘ืืœืคื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงืœื”.
ืื–, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื™ืคืจื“ ืœืขืช ืขืชื”
04:47
So, let's take our leave for now
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04:49
from this introduction to conlangs in Elvish
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ืžื”ืฆื’ื” ื–ื• ืœ"ืงื•ื ืœืื ื’", ื‘ืืœืคื™ืช
04:51
and the other three conlangs discussed
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ื•ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”"ืงื•ื ืœืื ื’" ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ืฉื ื“ื•ื ื•
04:53
with a heartfelt quad-conlangual valedictory:
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ืขื ืคืจื™ื“ื” ืžื—ืžืžืช ืœื‘ ื‘ืืจื‘ืข ืฉืคื•ืช "ืงื•ื ืœืื ื’":
"ื ื ื ืžืจื™!"
04:58
"A Na Marie!"
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04:59
"Hajas!"
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"ื”ืื’'ืืก!"
05:00
Na'vi's "Kiyevame!"
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ื‘ื ืื‘ื™ "ืงื™ื™ืื‘ืืžื™!"
05:01
"Qapla!"
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"ืงืืคืœื”!"
05:02
and "Goodbye!"
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ื•"ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช!"
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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