The Egyptian myth of Isis and the seven scorpions - Alex Gendler

2,536,078 views ใƒป 2020-03-02

TED-Ed


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Ido Dekkers
ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ืกื—ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืืช ืžื‘ื™ืฆื” ืžื•ืงืคืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืขื” ืขืงืจื‘ื™ ืขื ืง.
00:11
A woman in rags emerged from the swamp flanked by seven giant scorpions.
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00:16
Carrying a baby, she headed for the nearest village to beg for food.
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ื ื•ืฉืืช ืชื™ื ื•ืง, ื”ื™ื ืคื•ื ื” ืœื›ืคืจ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื—ื ืŸ ืœืื•ื›ืœ.
00:21
She approached a magnificent mansion,
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ื”ื™ื ื ื™ื’ืฉืช ืœืื—ื•ื–ื” ืžืจื”ื™ื‘ื”,
00:24
but the mistress of the house took one look at her grimy clothes
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขืœืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืžื‘ื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืžื”ืจื” ืขืœ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืœื•ื›ืœื›ื™ื ืฉืœื”
00:27
and unusual companions and slammed the door in her face.
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ื•ื”ืžืœื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื–ืจื™ื ืฉืœื” ื•ื˜ื•ืจืงืช ืืช ื”ื“ืœืช ื‘ืคื ื™ื”.
00:32
So she continued down the road until she came to a cottage.
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ืื– ื”ื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืขื“ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืงื•ื˜ื’โ€™.
00:36
The woman there took pity on the stranger and offered her what she could:
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ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืฉื ืžืจื—ืžืช ืขืœ ื”ื–ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื™ืขื” ืœื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื”:
00:40
a simple meal and a bed of straw.
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ืืจื•ื—ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื•ืžื™ื˜ืช ืงืฉ.
00:43
Her guest was no ordinary beggar.
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ื”ืื•ืจื—ืช ืฉืœื” ื”ื™ื ืœื ืงื‘ืฆื ื™ืช ืจื’ื™ืœื”.
00:46
She was Isis, the most powerful goddess in Egypt.
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ื”ื™ื ืื™ืกื™ืก, ื”ืืœื” ื”ื›ื™ ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื™ื.
00:51
Isis was in hiding from her brother Set,
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ืื™ืกื™ืก ื”ืชื—ื‘ืื” ืžืื—ื™ื” ืกืช',
ืฉืจืฆื— ืืช ื‘ืขืœื” ื•ืจืฆื” ืœืจืฆื•ื— ืืช ืชื™ื ื•ืงื”, ื”ื•ืจื•ืก.
00:54
who murdered her husband and wanted to murder her infant son, Horus.
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00:59
Set was also a powerful god, and he was looking for them.
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ืกืช' ื’ื ื”ื™ื” ืืœ ื—ื–ืง, ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ืคืฉ ืื•ืชื.
01:03
So to keep her cover, Isis had to be very discreetโ€”
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ืื– ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ืฉืœื”, ืื™ืกื™ืก ื”ื™ืชื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ื—ืฉืื™ืช --
01:06
she couldnโ€™t risk using her powers.
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ื”ื™ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืชืกื›ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื”.
01:08
But she was not without aid.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื—ืกืจืช ืื•ื ื™ื.
01:11
Serket, goddess of venomous creatures,
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ืกืจืงื˜, ืืœืช ื”ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื”ืืจืกื™ื™ื,
01:14
had sent seven of her fiercest servants to guard Isis and her son.
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ืฉืœื—ื” ืฉื‘ืขื” ืžื”ืžืฉืจืชื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื ื•ืขื–ื™ื ืฉืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืื™ืกื™ืก ื•ื‘ื ื”.
01:19
As Isis and Horus settled into their humble accommodation,
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ื›ืฉืื™ืกื™ืก ื•ื”ื•ืจื•ืก ื”ืชืžืงืžื• ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื ื”ืฆื ื•ืข,
01:23
the scorpions fumed at how the wealthy woman had offended their divine mistress.
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ื”ืขืงืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืชืจื’ื–ื• ืžืื™ืš ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื” ืคื’ืขื” ื‘ืืœื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœื”ื.
01:28
They all combined their venom and gave it to one of the seven, Tefen.
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ื›ื•ืœื ืื™ื—ื“ื• ืืช ื”ืืจืก ืฉืœื”ื ื•ื ืชื ื• ืื•ืชื• ืœืื—ื“ ืžื”ืฉื‘ืขื”, ืชืคืŸ.
01:33
In the dead of night, Tefen crept over to the mansion.
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ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืœื™ืœื”, ืชืคืŸ ื–ื—ืœ ืœืื—ื•ื–ื”.
01:37
As he crawled under the door,
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื–ื—ืœ ืžืชื—ืช ืœื“ืœืช,
01:39
he saw the ownerโ€™s young son sleeping peacefully
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ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืืช ื”ื‘ืŸ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉืŸ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื•ื”
01:42
and gave him a mighty sting.
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ื•ืขืงืฅ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืขืฆืžื”.
01:45
Isis and her hostess were soon awakened by loud wailing.
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ืื™ืกื™ืก ื•ื”ืžืืจื—ืช ืฉืœื” ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื• ื‘ืžื”ืจื” ืžื–ืขืงื•ืช ืจืžื•ืช.
01:49
As they peered out of the doorway of the cottage,
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ื›ืฉื”ื ื”ืฆื™ืฆื• ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ืžื”ืงื•ื˜ื’',
01:51
they saw a mother running through the street,
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ื”ื ืจืื• ืื ืจืฆื” ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช,
01:54
weeping as she cradled her son.
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ื‘ื•ื›ื” ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื” ืืช ื‘ื ื”.
01:56
When Isis recognized the woman who had turned her away,
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ื›ืฉืื™ืกื™ืก ื–ื™ื”ืชื” ืืช ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืฉื“ื—ืชื” ืื•ืชื”,
01:59
she understood what her scorpions had done.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ืžื” ื”ืขืงืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื” ืขืฉื•.
02:02
Isis took the boy in her arms and began to recite a powerful spell:
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ืื™ืกื™ืก ืœืงื—ื” ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื” ื•ื”ื—ืœื” ืœื“ืงืœื ืœื—ืฉ ื—ื–ืง:
02:08
"O poison of Tefen, come out of him and fall upon the ground!
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"ืื• ืืจืก ืฉืœ ืชืคืœ, ืฆื ืžืžื ื• ื•ืคื•ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื“ืžื”!
02:13
Poison of Befen, advance not, penetrate no farther, come out of him,
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ืืจืก ืฉืœ ื‘ืคืŸ, ืืœ ืชืชืงื“ื, ืืœ ืชื—ื“ื•ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฆื ืžืžื ื•,
02:18
and fall upon the ground!
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ื•ืคื•ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื“ืžื”!
02:20
For I am Isis, the great Enchantress, the Speaker of spells.
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ืžืื—ืจ ื•ืื ื™ ืื™ืกื™ืก, ื”ืžื›ืฉืคืช ื”ื“ื’ื•ืœื”, ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ืœื—ืฉื™ื.
02:25
Fall down, O poison of Mestet! Hasten not, poison of Mestetef!
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ืคื•ืœ ืœืžื˜ื”, ืื• ืืจืก ืฉืœ ืžืกื˜ื˜! ืืœ ืชืžื”ืจ, ืืจืก ืฉืœ ืžืกื˜ื˜ืฃ!
02:30
Rise not, poison of Petet and Thetet! Approach not, poison of Matet!"
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ืืœ ืชืขืœื”, ืืจืก ืฉืœ ืคื˜ืช ื•ืชืชืช! ืืœ ืชืชืงืจื‘, ืืจืก ืฉืœ ืžื˜ืช!โ€
02:38
With each name she invoked, that scorpionโ€™s poison was neutralized.
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ืขื ื›ืœ ืฉื ืฉื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”, ื”ืืจืก ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ืขืงืจื‘ ื ื•ื˜ืจืœ.
02:45
The child stirred, and his mother wept with gratitude
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ื”ื™ืœื“ ื–ื–, ื•ืืžื• ื™ื‘ื‘ื” ื‘ืชื•ื“ื”
02:48
and lamented her earlier callousness,
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ื•ื”ืชืื‘ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืงืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื”,
02:51
offering all her wealth to Isis in repentance.
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ื”ืฆื™ืขื” ืืช ื›ืœ ืขื•ืฉืจื” ืœืื™ืกื™ืก ื‘ื”ื›ืื” ืขืœ ื—ื˜ื.
02:55
The woman who had taken Isis in watched in aweโ€”
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ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืืช ืื™ืกื™ืก ืฆืคืชื” ื‘ื™ืจืื” --
02:59
she had had no idea who sheโ€™d brought under her roof.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื” ืžื•ืฉื’ ืžื™ ื”ื™ื” ืชื—ืช ืงื•ืจืช ื’ื’ื”.
03:02
And from that day on,
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ื•ืžืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื,
03:04
the people learned to make a poultice to treat scorpion bites,
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ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืžื“ื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืจื˜ื™ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื”ื›ืฉื•ืช ืขืงืจื‘
03:08
speaking magical incantations just as the goddess had.
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ื•ืœืฉืืช ืœื—ืฉื™ื ืงืกื•ืžื™ื ืžืžืฉ ื›ืžื• ื”ืืœื”.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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