How the sandwich was invented | Moments of Vision 5 - Jessica Oreck

821,285 views ใƒป 2016-11-03

TED-Ed


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Sigal Tifferet ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Ido Dekkers
00:06
In a Moment of Vision...
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ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืœ ื”ืืจื”...
00:13
It's 1762.
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ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื 1762.
00:15
John Montagu is the 4th Earl of Sandwich,
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ื’'ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื ื˜ื’ื™ื• ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื•ื–ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ืฉืœ ืกื ื“ื‘ื™ืฅ',
00:18
a small parish in the southwest of England.
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ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื‘ื“ืจื•ื-ืžืขืจื‘ ืื ื’ืœื™ื”.
00:22
Despite his keen administrative skills,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื• ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื™ื™ื,
00:24
Montagu is a corrupt politician,
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ืžื•ื ื˜ื’ื™ื• ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ ืžื•ืฉื—ืช,
00:27
an adulterous husband,
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ื‘ืขืœ ื‘ื•ื’ื“,
00:28
and an incessant, degenerate gambler.
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ื•ืžื”ืžืจ ื›ืคื™ื™ืชื™ ื•ืžื ื•ื•ืŸ.
00:35
Often, while Montagu is in the midst of a particularly high-stakes game,
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ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื›ืฉืžื•ื ื˜ื’ื™ื• ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง ืขื ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื,
00:39
he will insist on being served his meals at the table.
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ื”ื•ื ืžืชืขืงืฉ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื™ื’ื™ืฉื• ืืช ืืจื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ืœืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ื”ื™ืžื•ืจื™ื.
00:44
In a moment of vision, though likely inspired by his travels,
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ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืœ ื”ืืจื”, ืืš ื›ื ืจืื” ื‘ื”ืฉืจืืช ืžืกืขื•ืชื™ื•,
00:47
the Earl orders his meat and cheese be brought to him
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ื”ืจื•ื–ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉื™ื‘ื™ืื• ืœื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื ื”
00:50
stacked between two slices of bread
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ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉืชื™ ืคืจื•ืกื•ืช ืœื—ื,
00:53
so that he may eat with one hand while continuing to gamble with the other.
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ื›ืš ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื“ ืื—ืช, ื‘ืขื•ื“ื• ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืžืจ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื™ื”.
01:00
In one notorious episode, Montagu spends a full day and night gambling.
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ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืื—ื“, ื”ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœืฉืžืฆื”, ืžื•ื ื’ื™ื• ืžื‘ืœื” ื™ื•ื ื•ืœื™ืœื” ืฉืœืžื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืžื•ืจื™ื.
01:06
It is during the infamous 24 hours at the gaming table
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš 24 ื”ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื•ืช ืœืฉืžืฆื” ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ื”ื™ืžื•ืจื™ื,
01:09
that Montagu's characteristic handheld concession is dubbed "the sandwich."
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ืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ืžืื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืคื™ื™ื ื™ ืฉืœ ืžื•ื ื˜ื’ื™ื•, ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ื‘ื™ื“, ืืช ื”ืฉื "ื”ืกื ื“ื‘ื™ืฅ'".
01:17
According to one estimate,
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ืœืคื™ ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืื—ืช,
01:18
Americans now consume more than 300 million sandwiches every day.
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ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ื ืžืขืœ 300 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืกื ื“ื‘ื™ืฆ'ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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