This Is What LGBT Life Is Like Around the World | Jenni Chang and Lisa Dazols | TED Talks

譯者: lin quan 審譯者: William Choi

Jenni Chang: When I told my parents I was gay,

Chang：當我告訴父母 我是同性戀時，

the first thing they said to me was,

他們立即對我說：

"We're bringing you back to Taiwan."

「我們要帶你回台灣。」

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

In their minds, my sexual orientation was America's fault.

在他們看來我的性取向 都是美國害的，

The West had corrupted me with divergent ideas,

西方墮落文化讓我誤入歧途，

and if only my parents had never left Taiwan,

如果我的父母沒有離開台灣，

this would not have happened to their only daughter.

這種事情也不會發生在我身上。

In truth, I wondered if they were right.

事實上，我覺得他們 這種想法也許是對的。

Of course, there are gay people in Asia,

當然，亞洲也有許多同性戀，

just as there are gay people in every part of the world.

就如分佈在世界每個角落的 同性戀人群一樣。

But is the idea of living an "out" life,

但是過一種「出櫃」的生活，

in the "I'm gay, this is my spouse, and we're proud of our lives together"

「我是同性戀，這是我的伴侶， 我為我們的同居生活感到驕傲」

kind of way just a Western idea?

這只是西方人的想法嗎？

If I had grown up in Taiwan, or any place outside of the West,

如果我在台灣，或是 在西方以外的地方長大，

would I have found models of happy, thriving LGBT people?

我能在 LGBT 群體中 找到幸福的方式嗎？

Lisa Dazols: I had similar notions.

Dazols：我也有同樣的疑問。

As an HIV social worker in San Francisco,

作為一名舊金山市的愛滋病社工，

I had met many gay immigrants.

我見過許多同性戀移民，

They told me their stories of persecution in their home countries,

給我講述了許多他們的故事， 在其故國僅因是同性戀，

just for being gay,

所以遭受重重壓迫，

and the reasons why they escaped to the US.

因此他們逃到美國，

I saw how this had beaten them down.

我也見到他們因此所受的打擊。

After 10 years of doing this kind of work,

從事這項工作 10 年後，

I needed better stories for myself.

我需要一些更美好的故事。

I knew the world was far from perfect,

我知道世界是如此的不完美，

but surely not every gay story was tragic.

但是可以肯定的是，不是每個 同性戀的命運都如此坎坷。

JC: So as a couple, we both had a need to find stories of hope.

Chang：作為情侶，我們需要 找尋一些關於希望的故事。

So we set off on a mission to travel the world

所以我們開始了一場 環遊世界的旅行，

and look for the people we finally termed as the "Supergays."

去尋找那些被我們稱之為 「超人同志」的人。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

These would be the LGBT individuals

他們是 LGBT 群體中的一員，

who were doing something extraordinary in the world.

在世界的某處 做著一些非凡的事情。

They would be courageous, resilient,

他們勇敢、堅韌，

and most of all, proud of who they were.

且最重要的是， 他們為自己感到驕傲，

They would be the kind of person that I aspire to be.

他們是我所渴望成為的那類人。

Our plan was to share their stories to the world through film.

我們希望通過電影 向世界傳播他們的故事。

LD: There was just one problem.

Dazols：但是有一個問題。

We had zero reporting and zero filmmaking experience.

我們沒有採訪及 拍攝電影方面的經驗。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

We didn't even know where to find the Supergays,

我甚至不知道去哪兒 找到這些超人同志，

so we just had to trust that we'd figure it all out along the way.

所以我們唯有堅信 在旅途中一定會找到他們。

So we picked 15 countries in Asia, Africa and South America,

所以我們從亞洲、非洲 和南美洲中選出 15 個國家，

countries outside the West that varied in terms of LGBT rights.

這些不像西方國家一樣 有著各種各樣的 LGBT 權益。

We bought a camcorder,

我們買了一台錄影機，

ordered a book on how to make a documentary --

和一本教你如何拍攝紀錄片的書——

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

you can learn a lot these days --

在這些日子裡你可以學到很多——

and set off on an around-the-world trip.

並且開始一趟環球之旅。

JC: One of the first countries that we traveled to was Nepal.

Chang：我們前往的首批國家中， 其中之一是尼泊爾，

Despite widespread poverty, a decade-long civil war,

儘管貧困處處， 且深陷幾十年的內戰中，

and now recently, a devastating earthquake,

最近還遭遇到毀滅性的地震災害，

Nepal has made significant strides in the fight for equality.

但是尼泊爾的平權運動 卻取得重要進步，

One of the key figures in the movement is Bhumika Shrestha.

而這場運動其中關鍵人物 便是布米卡·沙萊什塔，

A beautiful, vibrant transgendered woman,

一位美麗且充滿朝氣的變性女子。

Bhumika has had to overcome being expelled from school

布米卡曾經被學校驅逐，

and getting incarcerated because of her gender presentation.

且因為表達自己性別而鋃鐺入獄。

But, in 2007, Bhumika and Nepal's LGBT rights organization

但在 2007 年布米卡與 尼泊爾當地 LGBT 權益組織，

successfully petitioned the Nepali Supreme Court

向尼泊爾最高法院所提出的

to protect against LGBT discrimination.

反對 LGBT 歧視請願獲得成功。

Here's Bhumika:

這是布米卡說的：

(Video) BS: What I'm most proud of?

（影片）布米卡：我最應該 感到驕傲的是什麼？

I'm a transgendered person.

我是一個變性人。

I'm so proud of my life.

我為自己感到驕傲。

On December 21, 2007,

在2007年12月21日，

the supreme court gave the decision for the Nepal government

最高法院裁定尼泊爾政府

to give transgender identity cards

須授予變性人身份證

and same-sex marriage.

以及准許同性婚姻。

LD: I can appreciate Bhumika's confidence on a daily basis.

Dazols：我非常欣賞布米卡 每天所展演的自信，

Something as simple as using a public restroom

就上公共廁所這樣簡單的事情，

can be a huge challenge when you don't fit in

當你無法與大眾 嚴格區分的性別相匹配時，

to people's strict gender expectations.

這便是巨大的挑戰。

Traveling throughout Asia,

在亞洲之旅中，

I tended to freak out women in public restrooms.

在公共洗手間裡 我變成女性中的異類，

They weren't used to seeing someone like me.

她們很少見到像我這樣的女生。

I had to come up with a strategy, so that I could just pee in peace.

我必須運用一些策略， 才能安心尿尿。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

So anytime I would enter a restroom,

無論何時我要進入洗手間，

I would thrust out my chest to show my womanly parts,

我會挺起胸膛展示女性化的部分，

and try to be as non-threatening as possible.

並盡可能的做到人畜無害的樣子。

Putting out my hands and saying, "Hello",

把手伸出來打招呼，「你好」，

just so that people could hear my feminine voice.

這樣她們就可以聽見我 女性化的聲音。

This all gets pretty exhausting, but it's just who I am.

這些雖然讓我很疲憊， 但我就是這樣，

I can't be anything else.

也不可能變成其他樣子。

JC: After Nepal, we traveled to India.

Chang：尼泊爾後，我們到印度去。

On one hand, India is a Hindu society,

一方面，印度是印度教社會，

without a tradition of homophobia.

沒有恐同的傳統。

On the other hand, it is also a society with a deeply patriarchal system,

但是，另一方面， 它是個極為深厚的父權社會，

which rejects anything that threatens the male-female order.

排斥所有危及男女地位的威脅。

When we spoke to activists,

我們跟社會活動家溝通，

they told us that empowerment begins with ensuring proper gender equality,

他們說賦權開始於 確保男女間的平等，

where the women's status is established in society.

女性的地位在社會中得以確立。

And in that way, the status of LGBT people can be affirmed as well.

同樣地，LGBT 者的地位 也同樣能得到確立。

LD: There we met Prince Manvendra.

Dazols：在那裡我們 遇到王子曼文達拉殿下，

He's the world's first openly gay prince.

他是世界上第一位公開出櫃的王子。

Prince Manvendra came out on the "Oprah Winfrey Show,"

曼文達拉王子在 Oprah Winfrey Show 節目中公開出櫃，

very internationally.

一檔這樣國際化的節目。

His parents disowned him

他的父母跟他斷絕關係，

and accused him of bringing great shame to the royal family.

並指責他使皇室蒙羞。

We sat down with Prince Manvendra

我們與曼文德拉王子同席而坐，

and talked to him about why he decided to come out so very publicly.

並聊到他為何要在如此 公開的場合出櫃，

Here he is:

他這樣說：

(Video) Prince Manvendra: I felt there was a lot of need

（影片）曼文德拉王子： 我認為我們急需

to break this stigma and discrimination which is existing in our society.

打破那些烙印在我們社會中的 醜化和歧視。

And that instigated me to come out openly and talk about myself.

這點促使我站出來公開出櫃， 並分享自己的經歷。

Whether we are gay, we are lesbian, we are transgender, bisexual

無論我們是男同性戀、女同性戀、 跨性別者、雙性戀、

or whatever sexual minority we come from,

或是其他性少數者，

we have to all unite and fight for our rights.

我們必須聯合起來 為自己的權益而戰。

Gay rights cannot be won in the court rooms,

同性戀的權益並非通過 法庭審判來贏取，

but in the hearts and the minds of the people.

而是扎根在大家的心裡和腦海。

JC: While getting my hair cut,

Chang：當我去理髮時，

the woman cutting my hair asked me,

那個替我理髮的女人問我，

"Do you have a husband?"

「你有丈夫嗎？」

Now, this was a dreaded question

啊，這個可怕的問題，

that I got asked a lot by locals while traveling.

但在旅行中我曾經 被許多當地人問過。

When I explained to her that I was with a woman instead of a man,

當我向她解釋我跟女性 而不是男性在一起，

she was incredulous,

她將信將疑，

and she asked me a lot of questions about my parents' reactions

而且問到許多關於我父母對此事 有何反應的問題，

and whether I was sad that I'd never be able to have children.

並問我沒辦法生育 是不是很難過？

I told her that there are no limitations to my life

我告訴她這些都無法 制約我的人生

and that Lisa and I do plan to have a family some day.

而且 Lisa 和我計劃著 某一天可以組建一個家庭。

Now, this woman was ready to write me off

現在這位女士也準備

as yet another crazy Westerner.

把我劃入又一個 瘋狂的西方人行列。

She couldn't imagine that such a phenomenon

她無法想像這樣的事情

could happen in her own country.

會發生在她的國家。

That is, until I showed her the photos of the Supergays

但是，當我向她展示那些

that we interviewed in India.

在印度採訪到的超人同志時，

She recognized Prince Manvendra from television

她認出那位在電視上見過的 曼文德拉王子殿下，

and soon I had an audience of other hairdressers

很快我就有了一群髮型師聽眾，

interested in meeting me.

她們都非常感興趣。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

And in that ordinary afternoon,

在那個極為平常的午後，

I had the chance to introduce an entire beauty salon

我有機會向整家美容沙龍

to the social changes that were happening in their own country.

介紹那些她們國家 正在發生的社會變革。

LD: From India, we traveled to East Africa,

Dazols：我們從印度 出發前往東非，

a region known for intolerance towards LGBT people.

這個地方因對 LGBT 人群 極為不友善而聞名於世。

In Kenya, 89 percent of people who come out to their families

在肯尼亞， 89% 同性戀者 向家人出櫃後

are disowned.

都會與家裡斷絕關係。

Homosexual acts are a crime and can lead to incarceration.

同性戀在當地等同犯罪， 並且會招致監禁。

In Kenya, we met the soft-spoken David Kuria.

在肯尼亞，我們遇到 溫和演說者大衛庫利亞。

David had a huge mission of wanting to work for the poor

大衛肩負著艱巨的使命 要為解決貧困

and improve his own government.

及改進他們的政府而戰，

So he decided to run for senate.

所以他決定參選參議院。

He became Kenya's first openly gay political candidate.

他成為肯尼亞第一位 公開出櫃的政壇候選人。

David wanted to run his campaign without denying the reality of who he was.

大衛希望在這場競選中 不再否定真實的自己。

But we were worried for his safety

但是我們非常擔憂他的安全，

because he started to receive death threats.

因為他收到許多死亡威脅。

(Video) David Kuria: At that point, I was really scared

（影片）大衛庫利亞： 當時，我真的非常害怕，

because they were actually asking for me to be killed.

因為他們確實的想要我的性命。

And, yeah,

而且，對喔，

there are some people out there who do it

那些在謀劃這一切的人

and they feel that they are doing a religious obligation.

認為自己正在履行宗教義務。

JC: David wasn't ashamed of who he was.

Chang：大衛並不為 自己的身份感到羞恥，

Even in the face of threats,

即使面對恐嚇的時候，

he stayed authentic.

他依舊保持真我。

LD: At the opposite end of the spectrum is Argentina.

Dazols：在這一光譜的 正對面是阿根廷。

Argentina's a country where 92 percent of the population identifies as Catholic.

阿根廷有 92% 的人信仰天主教。

Yet, Argentina has LGBT laws that are even more progressive

但是阿根廷保護 LGBT 的法律

than here in the US.

甚至比美國還要開明。

In 2010, Argentina became the first country in Latin America

在2010年，阿根廷成為 拉丁美洲第一個

and the 10th in the world to adopt marriage equality.

而全球第十個接受婚姻平等 （即同性婚姻）的國家。

There, we met María Rachid.

在那裡，我們遇見馬麗亞瑞希。

María was a driving force behind that movement.

瑪麗亞是那次運動的幕後推手。

María Rachid (Spanish): I always say that, in reality,

瑪麗亞瑞希（西班牙語）： 我總說，其實，

the effects of marriage equality

婚姻平等所惠及到的

are not only for those couples that get married.

不僅是那些因此可以走入 婚姻殿堂的伴侶，

They are for a lot of people that, even though they may never get married,

同樣惠及到那些或許 一輩子不會結婚的人，

will be perceived differently by their coworkers,

使他們獲得來自同事、

their families and neighbors,

家人和鄰居的理解，

from the national state's message of equality.

而這種理解源自於 國家對平權信息的傳播。

I feel very proud of Argentina

我為阿根廷感到驕傲，

because Argentina today is a model of equality.

因為今日的阿根廷是 平等的楷模。

And hopefully soon,

希望不久將來，

the whole world will have the same rights.

全世界都能擁有同樣的權益。

JC: When we made the visit to my ancestral lands,

Chang：當我們探訪我的祖籍時，

I wish I could have shown my parents what we found there.

我希望能向父母展示 我們在這裡所找尋到的。

Because here is who we met:

因為在這裡我們找到了：

(Video) One, two, three. Welcome gays to Shanghai!

（影片）一，二，三。 歡迎同志們來到上海！

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

A whole community of young, beautiful Chinese LGBT people.

一個由中國年輕人 所組成的 LGBT 社團。

Sure, they had their struggles.

是的，他們也曾奮鬥過，

But they were fighting it out.

但是他們已經成功了。

In Shanghai, I had the chance to speak to a local lesbian group

在上海，我跟當地的女同組織 進行了一次會談，

and tell them our story in my broken Mandarin Chinese.

用我不怎麼標準的國語 向他們講述我們的故事。

In Taipei, each time we got onto the metro,

在台北，我們每次登上捷運，

we saw yet another lesbian couple holding hands.

都能看到另一對 手牽著手的女同，

And we learned that Asia's largest LGBT pride event

而且我們了解到亞洲 最值得 LGBT 者驕傲的活動

happens just blocks away from where my grandparents live.

就發生在我的祖父母居所 的幾條街外，

If only my parents knew.

但願我的父母能知曉。

LD: By the time we finished our not-so-straight journey around the world,

Dazols：到此我們這段「不怎麼直」的 環球之旅畫上句號，

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

we had traveled 50,000 miles

我們遊歷了五萬英里，

and logged 120 hours of video footage.

拍攝了 120 小時的影片，

We traveled to 15 countries

穿行 15 個國家，

and interviewed 50 Supergays.

採訪過 50 位超人同志。

Turns out, it wasn't hard to find them at all.

這說明，要找到他們並沒有多難。

JC: Yes, there are still tragedies that happen

Chang：是的，依然有無數的悲劇

on the bumpy road to equality.

發生在通向平權的坎坷之路上。

And let's not forget that 75 countries still criminalize homosexuality today.

而且我們不該忘記依然 有 75 個國家將同性戀定罪。

But there are also stories of hope and courage

但是同樣也有許多 充滿希望和勇氣的故事，

in every corner of the world.

散落在這個世界的每個角落。

What we ultimately took away from our journey is,

這段旅途最終告訴我們，

equality is not a Western invention.

平等不是西方人的發明。

LD: One of the key factors in this equality movement is momentum,

Dazols：平權運動的其中一項 關鍵要素是動力，

momentum as more and more people embrace their full selves

這種動力來自於 越來越多的人擁抱真實的自我，

and use whatever opportunities they have

並運用他們所有的契機

to change their part of the world,

去改變他們的世界，

and momentum as more and more countries

這種動力來自越來越多的國家

find models of equality in one another.

從其他國家中找到楷模。

When Nepal protected against LGBT discrimination,

當尼泊爾保護 LGBT 不受歧視時，

India pushed harder.

印度開始追趕。

When Argentina embraced marriage equality,

當阿根廷擁抱婚姻平等時，

Uruguay and Brazil followed.

烏拉圭與巴西緊隨其後。

When Ireland said yes to equality,

當愛爾蘭對平等放行時，

(Applause)

（掌聲）

the world stopped to notice.

世界為之停駐。

When the US Supreme Court makes a statement to the world

當美國最高法院 向世界發表聲明時，

that we can all be proud of.

我們都該為之驕傲。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

JC: As we reviewed our footage,

Chang：當我檢視拍下的影片，

what we realized is that we were watching a love story.

我們覺得正在看一個 關於愛情的故事。

It wasn't a love story that was expected of me,

雖然未曾成為一個 我所期望的愛情故事，

but it is one filled with more freedom, adventure and love

但它比我設想的

than I could have ever possibly imagined.

更加充滿自由、冒險與愛情。

One year after returning home from our trip,

一年後當我結束旅行回到家中，

marriage equality came to California.

加利福尼亞迎來了婚姻平等。

And in the end, we believe, love will win out.

最後，我們堅信， 愛情將會戰勝一切。

(Video) By the power vested in me,

（影片）我以加利福尼亞州

by the state of California

以及全能上帝

and by God Almighty,

所賦予我的權利，

I now pronounce you spouses for life.

現在宣佈你們為此生眷侶。

You may kiss.

你們可以接吻了。

(Applause)

（掌聲）