This Is What LGBT Life Is Like Around the World | Jenni Chang and Lisa Dazols | TED Talks

Translator: Putri Prihatini Reviewer: Lanny Yunita

Jenni Chang: When I told my parents I was gay,

Saat kuberi tahu orang tuaku aku gay,

the first thing they said to me was,

hal pertama yang mereka katakan adalah,

"We're bringing you back to Taiwan."

"Kami akan bawa kau pulang ke Taiwan."

(Laughter)

(Tertawa)

In their minds, my sexual orientation was America's fault.

Mereka pikir, orientasi seksualku adalah salah Amerika.

The West had corrupted me with divergent ideas,

Dunia Barat mengotori pikiranku dengan ide-ide aneh,

and if only my parents had never left Taiwan,

dan seandainya orang tuaku tak pernah meninggalkan Taiwan,

this would not have happened to their only daughter.

ini tak akan terjadi pada putri mereka.

In truth, I wondered if they were right.

Sebenarnya, aku sempat bertanya-tanya apakah mereka benar.

Of course, there are gay people in Asia,

Tentu saja, ada kaum gay di Asia,

just as there are gay people in every part of the world.

dan ada kaum gay di setiap negara di dunia.

But is the idea of living an "out" life,

Tapi apakah menjalani hidup secara "terbuka."

in the "I'm gay, this is my spouse, and we're proud of our lives together"

seperti "Aku gay, ini pasanganku, kami bangga dengan hidup kami"

kind of way just a Western idea?

adalah pemikiran ala Barat?

If I had grown up in Taiwan, or any place outside of the West,

Seandainya aku tumbuh di Taiwan, atau di mana pun di luar negara Barat,

would I have found models of happy, thriving LGBT people?

apakah aku akan menemukan kaum LGBT yang menjalani hidup bahagia dan kaya?

Lisa Dazols: I had similar notions.

Pikiranku sama.

As an HIV social worker in San Francisco,

Sebagai aktifis HIV di San Fransisco,

I had met many gay immigrants.

aku bertemu banyak kaum imigran yang gay.

They told me their stories of persecution in their home countries,

Mereka bercerita tentang perlakuan di negara asal mereka,

just for being gay,

hanya karena mereka gay,

and the reasons why they escaped to the US.

dan mengapa mereka lari ke Amerika Serikat.

I saw how this had beaten them down.

Kulihat ini membuat mereka putus asa.

After 10 years of doing this kind of work,

Setelah 10 tahun melakukan pekerjaan ini,

I needed better stories for myself.

aku butuh kisah yang lebih baik untukku sendiri.

I knew the world was far from perfect,

Aku tahu dunia ini tidak sempurna,

but surely not every gay story was tragic.

tapi pasti tak semua kisah kaum gay tragis.

JC: So as a couple, we both had a need to find stories of hope.

Sebagai pasangan, kami perlu menggali kisah-kisah penuh harapan.

So we set off on a mission to travel the world

Jadi, kami memutuskan keliling dunia,

and look for the people we finally termed as the "Supergays."

dan mencari orang-orang yang kami sebut "Supergay."

(Laughter)

(Tertawa)

These would be the LGBT individuals

Mereka adalah kaum LGBT

who were doing something extraordinary in the world.

yang melakukan hal luar biasa di dunia.

They would be courageous, resilient,

Mereka pemberani, tabah,

and most of all, proud of who they were.

dan yang terpenting, bangga akan jati diri mereka.

They would be the kind of person that I aspire to be.

Mereka adalah panutanku.

Our plan was to share their stories to the world through film.

Kami ingin membagi kisah mereka ke dunia lewat film.

LD: There was just one problem.

Masalahnya hanya satu.

We had zero reporting and zero filmmaking experience.

Kami tak punya pengalaman meliput dan membuat film.

(Laughter)

(Tertawa)

We didn't even know where to find the Supergays,

Kami tak tahu di mana harus mencari Supergay,

so we just had to trust that we'd figure it all out along the way.

jadi, kami berharap akan menemukan mereka di perjalanan.

So we picked 15 countries in Asia, Africa and South America,

Kami memilih 15 negara di Asia, Afrika, dan Amerika Selatan,

countries outside the West that varied in terms of LGBT rights.

negara-negara di luar Barat dengan hukum hak kaum LGBT yang berbeda.

We bought a camcorder,

Kami membeli alat rekam,

ordered a book on how to make a documentary --

membeli buku cara membuat dokumenter --

(Laughter)

(Tertawa)

you can learn a lot these days --

kau bisa belajar banyak jaman sekarang --

and set off on an around-the-world trip.

lantas memulai perjalanan keliling dunia.

JC: One of the first countries that we traveled to was Nepal.

Salah satu negara yang kami datangi adalah Nepal.

Despite widespread poverty, a decade-long civil war,

Walaupun dilanda kemiskinan, perang sipil,

and now recently, a devastating earthquake,

dan, baru-baru ini, gempa bumi,

Nepal has made significant strides in the fight for equality.

Nepal telah membuat kemajuan dalam perjuangan mewujudkan kesetaraan.

One of the key figures in the movement is Bhumika Shrestha.

Salah satu tokoh penting gerakan ini adalah Bhumika Shrestha.

A beautiful, vibrant transgendered woman,

Wanita transgender yang cantik dan bersemangat,

Bhumika has had to overcome being expelled from school

Bhumika harus merasakan dikeluarkan dari sekolah,

and getting incarcerated because of her gender presentation.

dan ditangkap karena identitas gendernya.

But, in 2007, Bhumika and Nepal's LGBT rights organization

Akan tetapi, tahun 2007, Bhumika dan organisasi LGBT Nepal

successfully petitioned the Nepali Supreme Court

sukses mengirim petisi ke Mahkamah Agung Nepal

to protect against LGBT discrimination.

untuk mencegah diskriminasi terhadap kaum LGBT.

Here's Bhumika:

Ini Bhumika:

(Video) BS: What I'm most proud of?

Yang paling kubanggakan?

I'm a transgendered person.

Aku seorang transgender.

I'm so proud of my life.

Aku bangga akan hidupku.

On December 21, 2007,

Pada tanggal 21 Desember 2007,

the supreme court gave the decision for the Nepal government

Mahkamah Agung menitahkan pemerintah Nepal

to give transgender identity cards

untuk memberi kartu identitas bagi kaum transgender,

and same-sex marriage.

serta hak pernikahan sesama jenis.

LD: I can appreciate Bhumika's confidence on a daily basis.

Aku mengagumi percaya diri Bhumika di kehidupan sehari-hari.

Something as simple as using a public restroom

Sesuatu yang sederhana seperti menggunakan toilet umum

can be a huge challenge when you don't fit in

bisa menjadi tantangan jika kau tak memenuhi

to people's strict gender expectations.

ekspektasi gender orang-orang di sekitarmu.

Traveling throughout Asia,

Ketika pergi ke Asia,

I tended to freak out women in public restrooms.

aku sering membuat takut wanita di toilet umum.

They weren't used to seeing someone like me.

Mereka tak terbiasa melihat orang sepertiku.

I had to come up with a strategy, so that I could just pee in peace.

Aku harus punya strategi agar bisa pipis dengan tenang.

(Laughter)

(Tertawa)

So anytime I would enter a restroom,

Setiap aku masuk ke toilet wanita,

I would thrust out my chest to show my womanly parts,

aku membusungkan dada untuk menunjukkan payudaraku,

and try to be as non-threatening as possible.

dan mencoba terlihat sejinak mungkin.

Putting out my hands and saying, "Hello",

Melambaikan tangan dan bilang, "Halo,"

just so that people could hear my feminine voice.

agar orang mendengar suaraku yang feminin.

This all gets pretty exhausting, but it's just who I am.

Semua ini melelahkan, tapi itulah diriku.

I can't be anything else.

Aku tak bisa menjadi yang lain.

JC: After Nepal, we traveled to India.

Setelah Nepal, kami pergi ke India.

On one hand, India is a Hindu society,

Di satu sisi, India adalah negara Hindu,

without a tradition of homophobia.

tanpa tradisi homofobia.

On the other hand, it is also a society with a deeply patriarchal system,

Tetapi, masyarakatnya menganut sistem patriarki yang kuat,

which rejects anything that threatens the male-female order.

dan menolak apapun yang mengancam posisi pria terhadap wanita.

When we spoke to activists,

Ketika kami bicara dengan aktivis,

they told us that empowerment begins with ensuring proper gender equality,

mereka memberitahu kesetaraan gender menentukan segalanya,

where the women's status is established in society.

ketika kedudukan wanita jelas dan kuat dalam masyarakat,

And in that way, the status of LGBT people can be affirmed as well.

kedudukan kaum LGBT juga menjadi kuat.

LD: There we met Prince Manvendra.

Kami pun bertemu Pangeran Manvendra.

He's the world's first openly gay prince.

Dia pangeran pertama yang secara terbuka mengaku gay.

Prince Manvendra came out on the "Oprah Winfrey Show,"

Sang pangeran mengakuinya di "Oprah Winfrey Show,"

very internationally.

secara internasional.

His parents disowned him

Orang tuanya membuangnya,

and accused him of bringing great shame to the royal family.

dan menuduhnya mempermalukan keluarga kerajaan.

We sat down with Prince Manvendra

Kami bicara dengan Manvendra,

and talked to him about why he decided to come out so very publicly.

dan bertanya mengapa dia memutuskan mengaku di depan publik.

Here he is:

Inilah jawabannya:

(Video) Prince Manvendra: I felt there was a lot of need

Aku merasa ada keharusan besar

to break this stigma and discrimination which is existing in our society.

untuk mendobrak stigma dan diskriminasi di masyarakat.

And that instigated me to come out openly and talk about myself.

Hal itu mendorongku untuk mengaku dan bicara tentang diriku.

Whether we are gay, we are lesbian, we are transgender, bisexual

Tak peduli apakah kita gay, lesbian, transgender, biseks,

or whatever sexual minority we come from,

apa pun status minoritas kita dalam seksualitas,

we have to all unite and fight for our rights.

kita harus bersatu dan memperjuangkan hak kita.

Gay rights cannot be won in the court rooms,

Hak-hak kaum gay tak bisa dimenangkan di ruang pengadilan,

but in the hearts and the minds of the people.

tapi di hati dan pikiran semua orang.

JC: While getting my hair cut,

Ketika aku potong rambut,

the woman cutting my hair asked me,

wanita yang memotong rambutku bertanya,

"Do you have a husband?"

"Apakah kau punya suami?"

Now, this was a dreaded question

Ini pertanyaan menakutkan

that I got asked a lot by locals while traveling.

yang sering kudengar dari orang lokal ketika melakukan perjalanan.

When I explained to her that I was with a woman instead of a man,

Ketika aku bilang pasanganku wanita dan bukan pria,

she was incredulous,

dia tercengang,

and she asked me a lot of questions about my parents' reactions

dan menodongku dengan pertanyaan soal reaksi orang tuaku,

and whether I was sad that I'd never be able to have children.

dan apakah aku sedih karena aku tak akan bisa punya anak.

I told her that there are no limitations to my life

Aku bilang padanya hidupku tak terkungkung,

and that Lisa and I do plan to have a family some day.

dan Lisa dan aku berencana punya keluarga suatu hari nanti.

Now, this woman was ready to write me off

Wanita ini sudah siap menyebutku

as yet another crazy Westerner.

sebagai orang gila dari Barat lainnya.

She couldn't imagine that such a phenomenon

Dia tak bisa membayangkan hal seperti itu

could happen in her own country.

bisa terjadi di negaranya sendiri.

That is, until I showed her the photos of the Supergays

Sampai aku menunjukkan padanya foto-foto para Supergay

that we interviewed in India.

yang kami wawancarai di India

She recognized Prince Manvendra from television

Dia mengenali Pangeran Manvendra dari TV,

and soon I had an audience of other hairdressers

dan aku segera dikerumuni para penata rambut

interested in meeting me.

yang tertarik menemuiku.

(Laughter)

(Tertawa)

And in that ordinary afternoon,

Akhirnya, di hari yang nampak biasa itu,

I had the chance to introduce an entire beauty salon

aku berkesempatan memperkenalkan seisi salon

to the social changes that were happening in their own country.

kepada perubahan sosial yang sedang terjadi di negara mereka.

LD: From India, we traveled to East Africa,

Dari India, kami pergi ke Afrika bagian Timur,

a region known for intolerance towards LGBT people.

area yang terkenal karena tidak toleran terhadap kaum LGBT.

In Kenya, 89 percent of people who come out to their families

Di Kenya, 89 persen gay yang mengaku di depan keluarga mereka

are disowned.

tidak lagi diakui.

Homosexual acts are a crime and can lead to incarceration.

Homoseksualitas adalah kejahatan dan bisa berujung penangkapan.

In Kenya, we met the soft-spoken David Kuria.

Di Kenya, kami bertemu David Kuria yang ramah.

David had a huge mission of wanting to work for the poor

David punya misi untuk membantu kaum miskin,

and improve his own government.

dan meningkatkan mutu pemerintahnya.

So he decided to run for senate.

Dia maju sebagai calon anggota senat.

He became Kenya's first openly gay political candidate.

Dia kandidat politikus Kenya pertama yang mengaku gay.

David wanted to run his campaign without denying the reality of who he was.

David ingin ikut kampanye tanpa menyangkal jati dirinya.

But we were worried for his safety

Kami mengkhawatirkan dirinya

because he started to receive death threats.

karena dia mulai mengalami ancaman pembunuhan.

(Video) David Kuria: At that point, I was really scared

Satu saat, aku sangat ketakutan,

because they were actually asking for me to be killed.

karena mereka sungguh-sungguh mengharap aku dibunuh.

And, yeah,

Dan ya,

there are some people out there who do it

ada orang di luar sana yang melakukannya,

and they feel that they are doing a religious obligation.

dan merasa bahwa mereka melakukan kewajiban agama.

JC: David wasn't ashamed of who he was.

David tidak malu akan jati dirinya.

Even in the face of threats,

Walaupun menerima ancaman,

he stayed authentic.

dia tetap tak berubah.

LD: At the opposite end of the spectrum is Argentina.

Di sisi lain, ada Argentina.

Argentina's a country where 92 percent of the population identifies as Catholic.

Argentina adalah negara dengan 92 persen populasi Katolik.

Yet, Argentina has LGBT laws that are even more progressive

Tapi Argentina punya undang-undang LGBT yang lebih progresif

than here in the US.

daripada di Amerika Serikat.

In 2010, Argentina became the first country in Latin America

Tahun 2010, Argentina menjadi negara Amerika Latin pertama,

and the 10th in the world to adopt marriage equality.

dan ke-10 di dunia yang mengakui pernikahan sejenis.

There, we met María Rachid.

Di sana, kami bertemu Maria Rachid.

María was a driving force behind that movement.

Maria adalah pendorong gerakan tersebut.

María Rachid (Spanish): I always say that, in reality,

Menurutku, pada kenyataannya,

the effects of marriage equality

dampak dari pengakuan kesetaraan

are not only for those couples that get married.

bukan hanya bermanfaat untuk pasangan menikah.

They are for a lot of people that, even though they may never get married,

Ada banyak orang yang walau tak akan pernah menikah,

will be perceived differently by their coworkers,

akan tetap dipandang berbeda oleh rekan kerja,

their families and neighbors,

keluarga dan tetangga mereka,

from the national state's message of equality.

tidak seperti pesan negara akan kesetaraan.

I feel very proud of Argentina

Aku sangat bangga akan Argentina,

because Argentina today is a model of equality.

karena Argentina kini menjadi contoh akan kesetaraan.

And hopefully soon,

Dan semoga saja,

the whole world will have the same rights.

seluruh negara di dunia bisa memiliki hak yang sama.

JC: When we made the visit to my ancestral lands,

Ketika aku mengunjungi tanah air leluhurku,

I wish I could have shown my parents what we found there.

aku ingin menunjukkan pada orang tuaku apa yang kami lihat.

Because here is who we met:

Karena merekalah yang kami temui:

(Video) One, two, three. Welcome gays to Shanghai!

Satu, dua, tiga. Selamat datang di Shanghai, para gay!

(Laughter)

(Tertawa)

A whole community of young, beautiful Chinese LGBT people.

Sebuah komunitas kaum LGBT Cina yang memesona.

Sure, they had their struggles.

Ya, mereka menghadapi hambatan.

But they were fighting it out.

Tapi mereka berjuang menghadapinya.

In Shanghai, I had the chance to speak to a local lesbian group

Di Shanghai, aku berkesempatan berbicara di depan sekelompok lesbian,

and tell them our story in my broken Mandarin Chinese.

dan membagi kisah kami dalam bahasa Mandarinku yang jelek.

In Taipei, each time we got onto the metro,

Di Taipei, setiap kali kami naik metro,

we saw yet another lesbian couple holding hands.

kami melihat pasangan lesbian bergandengan tangan.

And we learned that Asia's largest LGBT pride event

Dan kami baru tahu acara perayaan LGBT terbesar di Asia

happens just blocks away from where my grandparents live.

berlangsung hanya beberapa blok dari rumah kakek nenekku.

If only my parents knew.

Seandainya orang tuaku tahu.

LD: By the time we finished our not-so-straight journey around the world,

Saat perjalanan keliling dunia kami yang tak mulus selesai,

(Laughter)

(Tertawa)

we had traveled 50,000 miles

Kami menempuh jarak 50.000 mil,

and logged 120 hours of video footage.

dan membuat 120 jam rekaman video.

We traveled to 15 countries

Kami pergi ke 15 negara,

and interviewed 50 Supergays.

dan mewawancarai 50 Supergay.

Turns out, it wasn't hard to find them at all.

Ternyata menemukan mereka tidak susah.

JC: Yes, there are still tragedies that happen

Ya, tragedi memang masih terjadi

on the bumpy road to equality.

dalam perjuangan meraih kesetaraan.

And let's not forget that 75 countries still criminalize homosexuality today.

Dan ada 75 negara yang mengkriminalisasikan homoseksualitas.

But there are also stories of hope and courage

Tapi ada juga kisah-kisah tentang harapan dan keberanian

in every corner of the world.

di setiap sudut di dunia.

What we ultimately took away from our journey is,

Yang kami pahami dari perjalanan kami adalah

equality is not a Western invention.

konsep kesetaraan bukan produk Barat.

LD: One of the key factors in this equality movement is momentum,

Salah satu faktor utama dalam gerakan kesetaraan adalah momentum,

momentum as more and more people embrace their full selves

ketika semakin banyak orang memeluk jati diri mereka,

and use whatever opportunities they have

dan menggunakan kesempatan yang mereka punya

to change their part of the world,

untuk mengubah negeri mereka sendiri,

and momentum as more and more countries

juga momentum saat makin banyak negara

find models of equality in one another.

menemukan panutan contoh kesetaraan antar mereka.

When Nepal protected against LGBT discrimination,

Ketika Nepal melindungi warga LGBT dari diskriminasi,

India pushed harder.

India berusaha lebih keras.

When Argentina embraced marriage equality,

Ketika Argentina mengakui pernikahan sesama jenis,

Uruguay and Brazil followed.

Uruguay dan Brazil mengikuti.

When Ireland said yes to equality,

Ketika Irlandia mengakui kesetaraan,

(Applause)

(Tepuk tangan)

the world stopped to notice.

dunia berhenti dan menyaksikan.

When the US Supreme Court makes a statement to the world

Ketika Mahkamah Agung AS menyampaikan pernyataannya,

that we can all be proud of.

kita semua boleh berbangga.

(Applause)

(Tepuk tangan)

JC: As we reviewed our footage,

Saat meninjau rekaman kami,

what we realized is that we were watching a love story.

kami sadar bahwa kami menyaksikan kisah cinta.

It wasn't a love story that was expected of me,

Bukan kisah cinta yang kuduga sebelumnya,

but it is one filled with more freedom, adventure and love

tapi yang penuh kebebasan, petualangan dan kasih

than I could have ever possibly imagined.

lebih dari yang bisa kubayangkan.

One year after returning home from our trip,

Setahun setelah kami pulang,

marriage equality came to California.

pernikahan sejenis diakui di California.

And in the end, we believe, love will win out.

Akhirnya, kami percaya bahwa cinta akan menang.

(Video) By the power vested in me,

Dengan kuasa yang diberikan padaku

by the state of California

oleh Negara Bagian California,

and by God Almighty,

dan Tuhan yang Maha Kuasa,

I now pronounce you spouses for life.

aku menyatakan kalian sebagai pasangan selamanya.

You may kiss.

Kalian boleh berciuman.

(Applause)

(Tepuk tangan)