Zahra' Langhi: Why Libya's revolution didn't work -- and what might

Translator: Timothy Covell Reviewer: Morton Bast

翻译人员: Jian Wang 校对人员: Wei Wu

I have never, ever forgotten the words of my grandmother

我永远也不会忘记我那在流亡中去世的祖母

who died in her exile:

对我说过的话：

"Son, resist Gaddafi. Fight him.

“孩子，反抗卡扎菲，与他抗争。

But don't you ever turn

但你千万不要变成

into a Gaddafi-like revolutionary."

卡扎菲那样的革命者。”

Almost two years have passed

利比亚革命爆发至今

since the Libyan Revolution broke out,

已有两年，

inspired by the waves of mass mobilization

这次革命受到了突尼斯和埃及革命中

in both the Tunisian and the Egyptian revolutions.

全民积极参与的鼓舞。

I joined forces with many other Libyans inside and outside Libya

我同利比亚国内外的同胞们一起

to call for a day of rage

呼吁民众举行“愤怒日”游行

and to initiate a revolution against the tyrannical regime of Gaddafi.

并开始了反抗卡扎菲专制统治的革命。

And there it was, a great revolution.

这是一场伟大的革命运动。

Young Libyan women and men were at the forefront

利比亚的年轻男女站在革命的最前线

calling for the fall of the regime,

要求专制政府下台，

raising slogans of freedom, dignity, social justice.

呼喊着自由、尊严、社会公正的口号。

They have shown an exemplary bravery

他们在同残暴的卡扎菲专政的抗争中

in confronting the brutal dictatorship of Gaddafi.

表现出的勇气堪作典范。

They have shown a great sense of solidarity

他们展现出来了高度的团结精神，

from the far east to the far west to the south.

从东面到西面再到南面，全国的人民都团结在一起。

Eventually, after a period of six months of brutal war

最终，经过六个月惨烈的战争，

and a toll rate of almost 50,000 dead,

以50,000人死亡为代价，

we managed to liberate our country and to topple the tyrant.

我们推翻了暴政统治，迎来了国家的自由。

(Applause)

（掌声）

However, Gaddafi left behind a heavy burden,

但是，卡扎菲给我们留下沉重负担

a legacy of tyranny, corruption and seeds of diversions.

他留下专政、腐败的陋习，埋下了分裂的种子。

For four decades Gaddafi's tyrannical regime

卡扎菲长达40年的专政

destroyed the infrastructure as well as the culture and the moral fabric of Libyan society.

破坏了利比亚的基础设施，也破坏了利比亚的文化和道德观念。

Aware of the devastation and the challenges,

我深知卡扎菲独裁所造成的破坏，也深知我们面临的挑战，

I was keen among many other women to rebuild the Libyan civil society,

我同许多热血女性一起尝试重建利比亚的公民社会，

calling for an inclusive and just transition

我们呼吁在利比亚体现宽容与公正的精神

to democracy and national reconciliation.

以实现民主和民族间的和解。

Almost 200 organizations were established in Benghazi

在卡扎菲倒台之时及之后

during and immediately after the fall of Gaddafi --

有将近200个组织在班加西成立

almost 300 in Tripoli.

而在黎波里有将近300个组织成立。

After a period of 33 years in exile, I went back to Libya,

在流亡33年后，我回到利比亚

and with unique enthusiasm,

怀着不同寻常的热情，

I started organizing workshops

我着手组织研讨会，

on capacity building, on human development of leadership skills.

讨论能力建设以及人类发展中领导力培养的问题。

With an amazing group of women,

我和一群了不起的女性一起，

I co-founded the Libyan Women's Platform for Peace,

创办了利比亚女性和平平台。

a movement of women, leaders, from different walks of life,

这是一场各行各业女性的运动、领导者的运动。

to lobby for the sociopolitical empowerment of women

我们为女性争取参与社会政治生活的权利，

and to lobby for our right

为我们女性争取

for equal participation in building democracy and peace.

平等参与民主与和平建设的权利。

I met a very difficult environment in the pre-elections,

在大选前，国内的形势非常糟糕，

an environment which was increasingly polarized,

国内两级分化日益严重，

an environment which was shaped by the selfish politics of dominance and exclusion.

这是因为我们的政治是自私的，是充满了控制和排斥的。

I led an initiative by the Libyan Women's Platform for Peace

我在利比亚女性和平平台提出了一项倡议，

to lobby for a more inclusive electoral law,

呼吁利比亚施行更具包容性的选举法,

a law that would give every citizen, no matter what your background,

让利比亚的每一位公民，无论背景如何，

the right to vote and run,

都有选举和参选的权利，

and most importantly to stipulate on political parties

最重要的是，我呼吁在政党中应当规定

the alternation of male and female candidates

无论在地区间还是在不同级别间，

vertically and horizontally in their lists,

都由男性和女性轮流担当候选人，

creating the zipper list.

形成交叉式的候选人名单。

Eventually, our initiative was adopted and successful.

最终，我们的倡议获得了采纳，也取得了成功。

Women won 17.5 percent of the National Congress

在利比亚52年来的第一次大选中，

in the first elections ever in 52 years.

女性在国民议会中赢得了17.5%的席位。

(Applause)

（掌声）

However, bit by bit, the euphoria of the elections,

然而，一点一点地，

and of the revolution as a whole,

大选和革命所带来的欢欣喜悦

was fading out --

在我们国家中消失了，

for every day we were waking up to the news of violence.

因为每天早上起床，我们都会看到有关暴力行径的新闻。

One day we wake up to the news

一天我们看到

of the desecration of ancient mosques and Sufi tombs.

亵渎古代清真寺和苏非圣徒墓的新闻。

On another day we wake up to the news

另一天我们看到

of the murder of the American ambassador and the attack on the consulate.

谋杀美国大使和袭击美国领事馆的新闻。

On another day we wake up to the news

又一天我们看到

of the assassination of army officers.

暗杀军官的新闻。

And every day, every day we wake up with the rule of the militias

还有就是，每天我们都处于国民军的统治之下，

and their continuous violations of human rights of prisoners

都要忍受他们不断侵犯囚犯的人权，

and their disrespect of the rule of law.

忍受他们对法治的蔑视。

Our society, shaped by a revolutionary mindset,

我们的社会深受武装革命的心态影响，

became more polarized

越来越分化，

and has driven away from the ideals and the principles --

也背弃了我们起初秉持的理想和原则，

freedom, dignity, social justice --

也就是——

that we first held.

自由、尊严和社会公正。

Intolerance, exclusion and revenge

偏狭、排斥和报复

became the icons of the [aftermath] of the revolution.

成了革命后我们社会的标志。

I am here today not at all to inspire you

我今天站在这里，

with our success story of the zipper list and the elections.

不想用交叉式候选人名单和大选的成功来鼓舞大家。

I'm rather here today to confess

我在这里是要坦白，

that we as a nation took the wrong choice, made the wrong decision.

我们在推翻卡扎菲政府时所作出的决定是错误的，

We did not prioritize right.

我们没有认清事情的关键。

For elections did not bring peace and stability and security in Libya.

因为选举并没有为利比亚带来和平与稳定。

Did the zipper list and the alternation between female and male candidates

我们倡导的交叉式候选人名单

bring peace and national reconciliation?

为利比亚带来和平，带来民族间的和解了吗？

No, it didn't.

不，并没有。

What is it, then?

那么，关键的问题到底是什么呢？

Why does our society continue to be polarized and dominated

为什么我们的社会还是分化严重？

with selfish politics of dominance and exclusion, by both men and women?

为什么我们的政治在男女都参与的情况下，还是充满了控制和排斥呢？

Maybe what was missing was not the women only,

也许，我们缺的不只是女性，

but the feminine values of compassion, mercy and inclusion.

而是女性的价值观——同情、怜悯和包容。

Our society needs national dialogue and consensus-building

我们的社会需要全国性的对话，建立起全国性的共识，

more than it needed the elections,

这对我们的社会来说比选举更为重要，

which only reinforced polarization and division.

因为选举只是加重了分化与分裂。

Our society needs the qualitative representation of the feminine

我们的社会需要的是女性特质的代表，

more than it needs the numerical, quantitative representation of the feminine.

这对我们的社会来说比女性在数量上的代表更为重要。

We need to stop acting as agents of rage and calling for days of rage.

我们需要停止愤怒的行径，停止号召“愤怒日”游行。

We need to start acting as agents of compassion and mercy.

我们需要开始表现出同情心和怜悯心。

We need to develop a feminine discourse

我们需要女性化的话语，

that not only honors but also implements

要尊崇并且贯彻同情、合作和包容，

mercy instead of revenge, collaboration instead of competition,

要抛开报复，抛开竞争，

inclusion instead of exclusion.

抛开偏狭。

These are the ideals that a war-torn Libya

这才是饱受战乱的利比亚要走向和平

needs desperately in order to achieve peace.

所迫切需要的努力目标。

For peace has an alchemy,

因为和平有独到的炼造方式，

and this alchemy is about the intertwining, the alternation

需要女性和男性观念的密切联系

between the feminine and masculine perspectives.

和不断交替。

That's the real zipper.

这才是真正的交叉。

And we need to establish that existentially

而且我们需要在社会政治生活运作前

before we do so sociopolitically.

先建立起这种男女交叉的存在。

According to a Quranic verse

《可兰经》的一段经文里说，

"Salam" -- peace -- "is the word of the all-merciful God, raheem."

“Salam”——也就是和平——“来自我们最仁慈的主Raheem。”

In turn, the word "raheem," which is known in all Abrahamic traditions,

而在所有亚伯拉罕诸教的传统中都闻名的词“raheem”

has the same root in Arabic as the word "rahem" -- womb --

在阿拉伯语中与“rahem”同根，

symbolizing the maternal feminine encompassing all humanity

“rahem”则象征着充满母性的女性包容着所有人类，

from which the male and the female,

男人和女人

from which all tribes, all peoples, have emanated from.

以及所有部落、所有民族的人都是从她发源而来的。

And so just as the womb entirely envelopes the embryo, which grows within it,

就像子宫完全包裹着在其内生长的胚胎一样，

the divine matrix of compassion nourishes the entire existence.

满怀同情之心的神圣母体滋养着世间万物。

Thus we are told that "My mercy encompasses all things."

因此，我们所受的教导告诉我们：“我的怜悯之心包容万物。”

Thus we are told that "My mercy takes precedence over my anger."

因此，我们所受的教导告诉我们：“我的怜悯之心战胜我的愤怒。”

May we all be granted a grace of mercy.

愿我们都被赐予怜悯之心。

(Applause)

（掌声）

Thank you.

谢谢你们。

(Applause)

（掌声）