A simple birth kit for mothers in the developing world | Zubaida Bai

翻译人员: Wei Wu 校对人员: Conway Ye

In the next six minutes that you will listen to me,

在我演讲的6分钟里，

the world will have lost three mothers

全世界会有三位母亲

while delivering their babies:

在分娩过程中死亡：

one, because of a severe complication;

一位是因为严重并发症；

second, because she will be a teenager

第二位母亲是因为她还未成年

and her body will not be prepared for birth;

还没有生育的准备；

but the third, only because of lack of access to basic clean tools

可第三个却仅仅是因为

在分娩时，没有基本的卫生工具。

at the time of childbirth.

She will not be alone.

她不是个案。

Over one million mothers and babies die every single year

每年，上百万发展中国家的母亲与婴儿

in the developing world,

失去她们的生命，

only because of lack of access to basic cleanliness

仅仅因为在分娩时

缺乏基础卫生设施。

while giving birth to their babies.

My journey began on a hot summer afternoon

我的旅程始于印度，于2008年夏天

in India in 2008,

一个炎热的下午。

when after a day of meeting women and listening to their needs,

在与当地女性交流她们的需求后，

I landed in a thatched hut with a midwife.

我随着一个助产士去到了她的茅草屋。

As a mother, I was very curious on how she delivered babies in her house.

作为一个母亲，我很是好奇她 如何在家里接生。

After a deep and engaging conversation with her

在与她促膝长谈

on how she considered it a profound calling to do what she was doing,

她如何受到召唤成为助产士后，

I asked her a parting question:

我问了她最后一个问题：

Do you have the tools that you need to deliver the babies?

你有接生必要的器具么？

I got to see her tool.

我见到了她的工具。

"This is what I use to separate the mother and the baby," she said.

"我用这个来剪脐带," 她说。

Unsure of how to react, I held this agricultural tool in my hand in shock.

我拿着这个农具，震惊地不能言语。

I took a picture of this, hugged her and walked away.

我照了一张照片，拥抱她后，走了。

My mind was flooded with reflections of my own infection

我无法停止回想自己生产后的感染

that I had to struggle with for a year past childbirth

和之后一年的抗争

despite having access to the best medical care,

尽管我有最好的医疗护理。

and memories of my conversation with my father,

我想起与自己父亲的谈话，

who had lost his mom to childbirth,

关于他难产而死的母亲，

on how he thought his life would be so different

如果他的母亲能够陪伴他成长

if she would have been just next to him growing up.

或许他的人生会截然不同。

作为一个产品开发者， 我开始了调查，

As a product developer, I started my process of research.

I was very excited to find that there was a product out there

并激动地发现有一个产品

called the Clean Birth Kit.

称作卫生分娩套装。

But I just couldn't buy one for months.

但是我等了好几个月都买不到。

They were only assembled based on availability of funding.

他们只能在有赞助经费时生产。

Finally, when I got my hands on one, I was in shock again.

后来我终于拿到了一套， 我又震惊了。

I would never use these tools to deliver my baby, I thought.

我想我绝对不会用这套设备 给自己分娩。

But to confirm my instincts, I went back to the women,

为了确认自己的判断， 我去拜访了一些女性，

some of whom had the experience of using this product.

一些使用过这个产品的女性。

结果，她们跟我的感觉类似。

Lo and behold, they had the same reaction and more.

The women said they would rather deliver on a floor

这些女性说她们宁愿在地板上 把孩子生出来

than on a plastic sheet that smeared blood all over.

也不要在这样的塑料布上生， 血会流的到处都是。

They were absolutely right -- it would cause more infection.

她们说得很对，因为 这会增加感染几率。

The thread provided was a highway to bacterial infection

绳子非常容易导致细菌感染

through the baby's umbilical cord,

通过宝宝的脐带，

and the blade used was the kind that men used for shaving,

提供的刀片原本是用来 男人刮胡子用的，

and they did not want it anywhere close to them.

没有人想要去碰这个刀片。

There was no incentive for anybody to redesign this product,

也没有人有动力重新 设计这个产品，

because it was based on charity.

因为是个慈善项目。

The women were never consulted in this process.

从来没有咨询过妇女使用者。

And to my surprise, the need was not only in homes

让我惊讶的是，不仅是在家分娩 需要这样的设备

but also in institutional settings with high-volume births.

在应对大量分娩情况的医疗机构 也有同样的需求。

Situations in remote areas were even more daunting.

有些偏远地区的情况 更加骇人。

This had to change.

必须做点什么了。

I made this my area of focus.

我将这件事作为我的工作重点。

I started the design process by collecting feedback,

我从收集各种反馈开始 我的设计流程

developing prototypes

开发产品的原型

and engaging with various stakeholders researching global protocols.

跟各种有关的人合作研究模型。

With every single prototype, we went back to the women

每一次我们设计出新原型， 都会拿去给女性看，

to ensure that we had a product for them.

以确保我们满足了她们的需求。

What I learned through this process was that these women,

在这个过程中我学习到

despite their extreme poverty,

尽管这些妇女非常贫穷，

placed great value on their health and well-being.

她们将健康和幸福放在 非常重要的位置。

They were absolutely not poor in mind.

她们在思想上绝不是贫瘠的。

As with all of us, they would appreciate a well-designed product

跟我们一样，她们非常的感激 一款设计良好的产品

developed for their needs.

能够满足她们的需要。

After many iterations working with experts,

在经历了很多次产品迭代， 跟专家合作，

medical health professionals

跟医疗人员

and the women themselves,

跟这些育龄妇女合作，

I should say it was not an easy process at all,

我想说这并不是一个 容易的过程，

but we had a simple and beautiful design.

但是最终我们完成了一个 简单优美的产品。

For a dollar more than what the existing product was offered for,

只比现有的产品贵一美元，

at three dollars, we were able to deliver "janma,"

我们能够以3美元价格 发售“janma”

a clean birth kit in a purse.

一个只有钱包大小的 卫生分娩套装。

Janma, meaning "birth," contained a blood-absorbing sheet

janma的意思是“分娩”， 包含一张隔尿垫

for the woman to give birth on,

用来分娩的时候垫下面 吸收血水，

a surgical scalpel, a cord clamp, a bar of soap, a pair of gloves

一把手术刀，一个脐带剪， 一块小肥皂，一副手套，

and the first cloth to wipe the baby clean.

以及用来擦干新生儿的 婴儿包巾。

All this came packaged in a beautiful purse

所有这些都放在一个 好看的钱包中

that was given to the mother as a gift after all her hard work,

作为礼物送给那些辛苦努力的妇女，

that she carried home with pride as a symbol of prosperity.

她们将这件礼物作为繁荣的象征， 自豪地带回家。

One woman reacted to this gift.

有一个女人对这份礼物作出这样的反应

She said, "Is this really mine? Can I keep it?"

她说：“这真是我的吗？我可以保留它吗？”

The other one said, "Will you give me a different color

另一位女性说， “当我下一次生孩子的时候“

when I have my next baby?"

“我能要一个不同颜色的么？”

(Laughter)

（笑声）

Better yet, a woman expressed that this was the first purse

还有一位妇女说，这是她有生以来

that she had ever owned in her life.

第一次拥有自己的钱包。

The kit, aside from its symbolism and its simplicity,

这个套装，尽管简单、符号化，

is designed to follow globally recommended medical protocol

却是完全符合国际通行的 医疗行为准则

and serves as a behavior-change tool to follow steps one after the other.

并且作为一个行为改变的工具， 使操作遵守准则。

It can not only be used in homes, but also in institutional settings.

它不仅能够在家庭里使用， 也可以在医疗机构中使用。

To date, our kit has impacted over 600,000 mothers and babies

到今天，我们的套装已经帮助 超过60万母亲和孩子

around the world.

在全球范围内。

It's a humbling experience to watch these numbers grow,

注视着这些数字的增长 让我感觉到谦卑

and I cannot wait until we reach a hundred million.

而我也迫不及待地希望 尽快突破一千万。

But women's health issues do not end here.

但是女性健康问题不止于此。

There are thousands of simple issues that require low-cost interventions.

依然有成千的基础卫生问题 需要低成本解决方案。

We have facts to prove that if we invest in women and girls

我们已经看到如果我们 照料好妇女和女童

and provide them with better health and well-being,

为她们提供更好的健康和福祉，

they will deliver healthier and wealthier and prosperous communities.

她们将会促进整个社区的繁荣、 健康和富裕程度。

We have to start by bringing simplicity and dignity to women's health issues:

我们必须关注女性健康问题， 将问题简化、更有尊严：

from reducing maternal mortality, to breaking taboos,

从降低产妇死亡率， 到打破禁忌，

to empowering women to take control of their own lives.

到赋予女性力量，有能力 掌控她们自己的生活。

This is my dream.

这是我的梦想。

But it is not possible to achieve it without engaging men and women alike

而实现这个梦想离不开

全世界所有男性和女性的参与和合作。

from around the world --

yes, all of you.

对，我们所有人。

I recently heard this lyric by Leonard Cohen:

我最近读到诗人里奥纳德·科恩 写的抒情诗：

"Ring the bells that still can ring.

“敲响还能敲响的钟。”

Forget your perfect offering.

“忘记你完美的供奉。”

There is a crack in everything.

“万物皆有裂隙。”

That's how the light gets in."

“那是光进来的地方。”

This is my bit of light.

这是我的一点光。

But we need more light.

我们需要更多的光。

In fact, we need huge spotlights placed in the world of women's health

如果我们希望明天更美好，就需要 将女性的健康问题

if we need a better tomorrow.

拉到明亮的聚光灯下。

We should never forget that women are at the center of a sustainable world,

我们永远不能忘记女性是世界 可持续发展的中心。

and we do not exist without them.

我们沒有她们便不会存在。

Thank you.

谢谢

(Applause)

（掌声）