A simple birth kit for mothers in the developing world | Zubaida Bai

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2017-05-10 ・ TED


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A simple birth kit for mothers in the developing world | Zubaida Bai

41,551 views ・ 2017-05-10

TED


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Prevoditelj: Senzos Osijek Recezent: Ivan Stamenković
00:12
In the next six minutes that you will listen to me,
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U sljedećih šest minuta dok me budete slušali,
00:16
the world will have lost three mothers
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svijet će izgubiti tri majke
00:19
while delivering their babies:
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prilikom poroda beba:
00:22
one, because of a severe complication;
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jedna - jer ima ozbiljne komplikacije
00:26
second, because she will be a teenager
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druga - jer je teenager
00:28
and her body will not be prepared for birth;
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i njeno tijelo nije spremno za porod,
00:32
but the third, only because of lack of access to basic clean tools
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i nažalost treća, samo zato što nema pristup osnovnim čistim stvarima
00:38
at the time of childbirth.
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u vrijeme poroda.
00:41
She will not be alone.
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Neće biti sama.
00:43
Over one million mothers and babies die every single year
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Svake godine umre preko jednog milijuna majki i beba
00:47
in the developing world,
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u zemljama u razvoju,
00:49
only because of lack of access to basic cleanliness
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samo zato što nemaju pristup osnovnoj higijeni
00:52
while giving birth to their babies.
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dok se porađaju.
00:56
My journey began on a hot summer afternoon
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Moj pothvat je počeo jedno vruće ljetno poslijepodne
00:59
in India in 2008,
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u Indiji 2008.
01:01
when after a day of meeting women and listening to their needs,
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kada sam, nakon dana sastanaka sa ženama i slušanja o njihovim potrebama,
01:04
I landed in a thatched hut with a midwife.
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završila u drvenoj kolibi s porodiljom.
01:08
As a mother, I was very curious on how she delivered babies in her house.
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I sama sam majka, zanimalo me kako porađa bebe u svojoj kući.
01:13
After a deep and engaging conversation with her
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Nakon podrobnog razgovora s njom
01:16
on how she considered it a profound calling to do what she was doing,
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o tome kako svoje zvanje smatra pelmenitim,
01:20
I asked her a parting question:
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pitala sam ju pitanje:
01:23
Do you have the tools that you need to deliver the babies?
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Imate li sve što je potrebno kako bi ste porodili bebu?
01:27
I got to see her tool.
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Pokazala mi je što ima.
01:30
"This is what I use to separate the mother and the baby," she said.
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"S ovim odvajam majku od djeteta", rekla mi je.
01:35
Unsure of how to react, I held this agricultural tool in my hand in shock.
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Nisam bila sigurna kako bi reagirala, šokirano držeći to vrtlarsko oruđe u ruci.
01:41
I took a picture of this, hugged her and walked away.
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Fotografirala sam ga, zagrlila ju i otišla.
01:45
My mind was flooded with reflections of my own infection
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Misli su mi se stalno vraćale na infekciju
01:48
that I had to struggle with for a year past childbirth
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s kojom sam se morala boriti godinu dana nakon poroda,
01:51
despite having access to the best medical care,
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iako sam imala pristup najboljoj medicinskoj njezi,
01:55
and memories of my conversation with my father,
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i sjetila sam se razgovora s mojim ocem,
01:57
who had lost his mom to childbirth,
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koji je izgubio njegovu majku pri porodu,
01:59
on how he thought his life would be so different
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o tome koliko bi njegov život bio drugačiji
02:02
if she would have been just next to him growing up.
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da je odrastao s majkom.
02:05
As a product developer, I started my process of research.
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Kao razvojni programer proizvoda, počela sam istraživati,
02:09
I was very excited to find that there was a product out there
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Obradovalo me to što sam saznala da postoji proizvod
02:12
called the Clean Birth Kit.
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koji se zove Clean Birth Kit.
02:14
But I just couldn't buy one for months.
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Ali nisam ga mogla kupiti mjesecima.
02:18
They were only assembled based on availability of funding.
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Proizvodili su ih ovisno o tome jesu li financirani.
02:22
Finally, when I got my hands on one, I was in shock again.
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Konačno kad sam se dokopala jednog bila sam opet u šoku.
02:26
I would never use these tools to deliver my baby, I thought.
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Nikad ne bi koristila te proizvode pri porodu svog djeteta.
02:30
But to confirm my instincts, I went back to the women,
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Ali kako bi potvrdila moje sumnje opet sam pričala sa ženama,
02:33
some of whom had the experience of using this product.
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neke od njih su čak i koristile ove proizvode
02:37
Lo and behold, they had the same reaction and more.
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Imale su istu reakciju kao i ja, čak i goru.
02:40
The women said they would rather deliver on a floor
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Rekle su da bi se radije porađale na podu
02:43
than on a plastic sheet that smeared blood all over.
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nego na plastičnoj plahti umrljanoj krvlju.
02:45
They were absolutely right -- it would cause more infection.
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I posve su u pravu, to bi dovelo do češćih infekcija.
02:49
The thread provided was a highway to bacterial infection
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Materijal je pogodne za bakterijske infekcije
02:52
through the baby's umbilical cord,
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bebine pupkovine,
02:54
and the blade used was the kind that men used for shaving,
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a nož koji se koristio je poput noža za brijanje,
02:57
and they did not want it anywhere close to them.
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i nisu ga htjele nigdje blizu njih.
03:00
There was no incentive for anybody to redesign this product,
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Nije bilo nagovještaja da će se ovaj proizvod redizajnirati
03:03
because it was based on charity.
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jer je baziran na dobrotvornim donacijama.
03:05
The women were never consulted in this process.
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Nitko se nije posavjetova sa ženama prilikom dizajniranja.
03:08
And to my surprise, the need was not only in homes
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I na moje iznenađenje, nije samo potreban u kućnim,
03:11
but also in institutional settings with high-volume births.
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već i institucijskim porodima velikih volumena.
03:14
Situations in remote areas were even more daunting.
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Situacije u ruralnim dijelovima su još više zabrinjavajuće.
03:18
This had to change.
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To se mora promjeniti.
03:20
I made this my area of focus.
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Posvetila sam se tome.
03:22
I started the design process by collecting feedback,
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počela sam dizajnirati skupljajući kritike,
03:26
developing prototypes
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razvijajući prototipe
03:27
and engaging with various stakeholders researching global protocols.
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i kontaktirajući razne tvrtke koje razvijaju protokole.
03:32
With every single prototype, we went back to the women
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Sa svakim prototipom smo posjetili žene
03:34
to ensure that we had a product for them.
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kako bi bili sigurni da je proizvod za njih.
03:37
What I learned through this process was that these women,
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Ono što smo naučili kroz ovaj proces je da ove žene,
03:40
despite their extreme poverty,
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unatoč ekstremnom siromaštvu,
03:42
placed great value on their health and well-being.
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drže do svog zdravlja.
03:44
They were absolutely not poor in mind.
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Nisu siromašne duhom.
03:46
As with all of us, they would appreciate a well-designed product
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Voljele bi imati dobro dizajnirani produkt
03:49
developed for their needs.
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koji zadovoljava njihove potrebe.
03:52
After many iterations working with experts,
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Nakon mnogo pokušaja u radu sa stručnjacima,
03:54
medical health professionals
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zdravstvenim djelatnicima
03:56
and the women themselves,
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i samim ženama,
03:57
I should say it was not an easy process at all,
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i moram spomenuti da to nije bio lak pothvat,
04:01
but we had a simple and beautiful design.
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ali dobili smo jednostavan i prekrasan dizajn.
04:05
For a dollar more than what the existing product was offered for,
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Za dolar više nego što je dosadašnji produkt nudio,
04:10
at three dollars, we were able to deliver "janma,"
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za tri dolara, stvorili smo "janmu"
04:13
a clean birth kit in a purse.
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čisti porođajni set u torbici.
04:15
Janma, meaning "birth," contained a blood-absorbing sheet
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Janma, što znači "rođenje", sadrži plahtu koja upija krv,
04:18
for the woman to give birth on,
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kako bi se žene na njoj porodile,
04:20
a surgical scalpel, a cord clamp, a bar of soap, a pair of gloves
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kirurški skalpel, kliješta za pupkovinu, sapun, rukavice,
04:24
and the first cloth to wipe the baby clean.
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i ručnik za čišćenje bebe.
04:27
All this came packaged in a beautiful purse
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I sve to dođe upakirano u lijepu torbicu
04:29
that was given to the mother as a gift after all her hard work,
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koju dobiju majke kao poklon nakon svih napora,
04:32
that she carried home with pride as a symbol of prosperity.
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koje one nose s ponosom kao simbol blagostanja.
04:37
One woman reacted to this gift.
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Jedna žena se začudila na to.
04:40
She said, "Is this really mine? Can I keep it?"
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Rekla je, "Je li to stvarno moje? Mogu ju zadržati?"
04:43
The other one said, "Will you give me a different color
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Druga je rekla, "Hoćete mi dati drugu boju
04:46
when I have my next baby?"
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kad sljedeći put budem trudna?"
04:48
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
04:49
Better yet, a woman expressed that this was the first purse
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Još bolje, jedna žena je rekla da joj je to prva torbica
04:52
that she had ever owned in her life.
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koju je imala u životu.
04:54
The kit, aside from its symbolism and its simplicity,
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Ovaj set, osim svojom simbolikom i jednostavnošću,
04:57
is designed to follow globally recommended medical protocol
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je dizajniran da prati svjetski preporučeni medicinski protokol
05:01
and serves as a behavior-change tool to follow steps one after the other.
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i služi kao pokretač promjena.
05:05
It can not only be used in homes, but also in institutional settings.
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Nije samo za korištenje kod kuće, već i u raznim institucijama
05:10
To date, our kit has impacted over 600,000 mothers and babies
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Do danas, ovaj set je koristilo više od šesto tisuća majki i beba
05:14
around the world.
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diljem svijeta.
05:16
It's a humbling experience to watch these numbers grow,
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Prekrasan je osjećaj gledati kako ovi brojevi rastu,
05:19
and I cannot wait until we reach a hundred million.
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i ne mogu čekati da dostigne milijune.
05:24
But women's health issues do not end here.
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Ali problem sa zdravljem žena ne staje tu.
05:27
There are thousands of simple issues that require low-cost interventions.
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Postoji tisuće jednostavnih problema koja imaju jeftina rješenja.
05:31
We have facts to prove that if we invest in women and girls
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Postoje činjenice koje kažu da ako uložimo u žene i djevojke
05:34
and provide them with better health and well-being,
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i omogućimo im bolje zdravlje,
05:37
they will deliver healthier and wealthier and prosperous communities.
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zajednica će postati zdravija, bogatija i uspješnija.
05:42
We have to start by bringing simplicity and dignity to women's health issues:
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Moramo početi s pojednostavljivanjem problema zdravlja žena:
05:46
from reducing maternal mortality, to breaking taboos,
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od smanjenja smrti majki, do uklanjanja tabu tema,
05:49
to empowering women to take control of their own lives.
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do osnaživanja žena da kontrolu svog života uzmu u svoje ruke.
05:52
This is my dream.
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To je moj san.
05:55
But it is not possible to achieve it without engaging men and women alike
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Ali nemoguće ga je ostvariti bez uključivanja i muškaraca i žena
05:59
from around the world --
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diljem svijeta --
06:01
yes, all of you.
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da, svih vas.
06:04
I recently heard this lyric by Leonard Cohen:
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Nedavno sam čula pjesmu Leonarda Cohena:
06:08
"Ring the bells that still can ring.
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"Zvoni zvona koja možeš još.
06:12
Forget your perfect offering.
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Za savršenstvo ne mari.
06:15
There is a crack in everything.
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Pukotine postoje svugdje.
06:18
That's how the light gets in."
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Tako svjetlost dostiže, svugdje."
06:20
This is my bit of light.
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Ovo je moj komadić svjetla.
06:23
But we need more light.
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Ali trebamo više svjetla.
06:25
In fact, we need huge spotlights placed in the world of women's health
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Zapravo, trebamo velike reflektore u problemima vezanim za zdravlje žena
06:28
if we need a better tomorrow.
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ako želimo bolje sutra.
06:30
We should never forget that women are at the center of a sustainable world,
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Ne zaboravimo da su žene najbitnije za održavanje svijeta,
06:35
and we do not exist without them.
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i ne bi postojali bez njih.
06:37
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
06:39
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
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