Cynthia Schneider: The surprising spread of "Idol" TV

39,675 views ・ 2009-11-13

TED


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翻译人员: Yuan Zhao 校对人员: Xinli Geng
00:15
I'd like to ask you,
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我想问一下大家
00:17
what do these three people have in common?
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以下这三个人有什么共同之处?
00:22
Well, you probably recognize the first person.
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你们可能都认得第一位
00:24
I'm sure you're all avid "American Idol" watchers.
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我相信你们都是"美国偶像"的忠实观众
00:27
But you might not recognize Aydah Al Jahani,
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你们也许不认识Aydah Al Jahani
00:30
who is a contestant, indeed a finalist,
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她是一位参赛选手,实际上
00:33
in the Poet of the Millions competition,
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她是“百万诗人”比赛的决赛选手
00:36
which is broadcast out of Abu Dhabi,
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这档节目不仅在阿卜杜比播出
00:38
and seen throughout the Arab world.
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在整个阿拉伯世界都有观众
00:40
In this contest
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这个比赛
00:42
people have to write and recite
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要求选手创作并朗诵
00:45
original poetry, in the Nabati form of poetry,
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原创诗歌,且为纳巴蒂体
00:48
which is the traditional Bedouin form.
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这是一种传统的贝都因部落的诗歌形式
00:51
And Lima Sahar was a finalist
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Lima Sahar也是一位决赛选手
00:54
in the Afghan Star singing competition.
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她参加的是"阿富汗之星"歌唱比赛
00:58
Now, before I go any further,
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在我继续之前
01:00
yes, I know it all began with "Britain's Got Talent."
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是的,我知道"英国达人"是此类节目的鼻祖
01:04
But my point in discussing this
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但我所说的重点
01:07
is to show you -- I hope I'll be able to show you
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是想向大家说明-- 希望我可以讲清楚
01:10
how these merit-based competitions,
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这些比拼才艺的竞赛
01:14
with equal access to everyone,
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人人均可参与
01:17
with the winner selected via voting by SMS,
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通过短信投票选出胜者
01:20
are changing tribal societies.
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它们如何改变部落社会
01:23
And I'm going to focus on Afghanistan
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我将以阿富汗
01:25
and the Arab world with the UAE,
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和阿拉伯世界的阿联酋为例
01:28
how they're changing tribal societies,
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他们改变部落社会的方法
01:31
not by introducing Western ideas,
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并不是通过引入西方思想
01:33
but by being integrated into the language in those places.
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而是通过融合各部落的语言
01:37
It all begins with enjoyment.
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一切以娱乐开始
01:42
Video: We are late to watch "Afghan Star."
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我们来不及看"阿富汗之星"了
01:45
We are going to watch "Afghan Star." We are late.
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我们要看"阿富汗之星" 已经晚了
01:48
We are running late.
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我们要晚了
01:51
We must go to watch "Afghan Star."
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我们一定要去看"阿富汗之星"
01:56
Cynthia Schneider: These programs are reaching incredibly deeply into society.
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这些节目已经深入人心
02:01
In Afghanistan, people go to extraordinary lengths
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在阿富汗,人们不远数里
02:04
to be able to watch this program.
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为了能够看到这个节目
02:06
And you don't necessarily have to have your own TV set.
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自家没有电视也没有关系
02:09
People watch it all over the country
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全国上下都在收看这一节目
02:11
also in public places.
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甚至在公共场所都有得看
02:14
But it goes beyond watching,
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但不仅仅是观看这么简单
02:17
because also, part of this
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因为,其中的一部分
02:20
is campaigning.
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是拉选票
02:22
People become so engaged
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人人参与
02:24
that they have volunteers, just like political volunteers anyway,
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甚至还有志愿者,类似政治选举的志愿者
02:28
who fan out over the countryside,
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他们跑遍全国上下
02:31
campaigning for their candidate.
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为他们支持的选手拉票
02:34
Contestants also put themselves forward.
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选手们也主动推销自己
02:37
Now, of course there is a certain degree of ethnic allegiance, but not entirely.
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当然,一些人只把选票投给来自本地区的选手,但并非完全如此
02:41
Because each year the winner has come from a different tribal group.
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因为每年的冠军都来自不同的部落
02:46
This has opened up the door,
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谁都可以报名参赛
02:48
particularly for women.
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尤其是对于女性来说
02:50
And in the last season there were two women in the finalists.
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上一个赛季,有两位女选手闯入了决赛
02:53
One of them, Lima Sahar, is a Pashtun from Kandahar,
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其中一位的Lima Sahar是普什图族人,来自坎大哈
02:56
a very conservative part of the country.
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一个非常保守的地区
02:59
And here she relates, in the documentary film "Afghan Star,"
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在"阿富汗之星"的记录片中,她告诉我们
03:03
how her friends urged her not to do this
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她的朋友们劝她不要参赛
03:06
and told her that she was leaving them for democracy.
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说她为了民主背离了他们
03:09
But she also confides that
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但同时她透露
03:12
she knows that members of the Taliban
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她知道有塔利班基地组织成员
03:14
are actually SMS-ing votes in for her.
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发短信为她投票
03:19
Aydah Al Jahnani also took risks
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Aydah Al Jahnani也是冒风险
03:22
and put herself out, to compete
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去参加
03:24
in the Poet of the Millions competition.
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“百万诗人”的比赛
03:27
I have to say, her husband backed her from the start.
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我必须说,她的丈夫从一开始就支持她
03:31
But her tribe and family urged her not to compete
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但是她的部落和家庭都不支持
03:34
and were very much against it.
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甚至极力反对她参加
03:36
But, once she started to win,
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但当她开始赢得比赛时
03:39
then they got behind her again.
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他们就开始支持她了
03:41
It turns out that competition and winning is a universal human value.
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看来竞争和好胜是全人类的价值取向
03:47
And she's out there.
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她参加比赛
03:49
Her poetry is about women,
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写的诗歌是关于女性
03:52
and the life of women in society.
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以及社会中妇女生活情况的
03:55
So just by presenting herself
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仅仅通过展现自己
03:57
and being in competition with men --
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和男性同台竞技
03:59
this shows the voting on the program --
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从节目的投票结果可以看出
04:01
it sets a very important example for young women --
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她为年轻女性做出了很好的榜样
04:04
these are young women in the audience of the program --
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节目观众中有年轻女性
04:07
in Abu Dhabi, but also people in the viewing audience.
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在阿卜杜比,还有电视机前的观众
04:11
Now you'd think that "American Idol"
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你们可能认为"美国偶像"
04:13
would introduce a measure of Americanization.
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会带来美国化的潮流
04:16
But actually, just the opposite is happening.
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但事实却恰恰相反
04:19
By using this engaging popular format
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通过全民动员的形式
04:22
for traditional, local culture,
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弘扬传统本土文化
04:25
it actually, in the Gulf, is precipitating a revival
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实际上促使海湾地区人民
04:28
of interest in Nabati poetry,
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重拾对纳巴蒂体诗歌的关注
04:30
also in traditional dress and dance and music.
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传统服饰、舞蹈、音乐也开始得到复兴
04:34
And for Afghanistan,
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在阿富汗
04:36
where the Taliban banned music for many years,
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塔利班管制音乐已多年
04:40
it is reintroducing their traditional music.
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这个活动重新向人们介绍了他们的传统音乐
04:42
They don't sing pop songs,
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他们不唱流行歌曲
04:44
they sing Afghan music.
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他们唱阿富汗民歌
04:47
And they also have learned how to lose gracefully,
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他们也开始学会体面地接受失败
04:50
without avenging the winner.
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而不是对胜出者进行报复
04:52
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
04:54
No small thing.
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样样都很重要
04:56
And the final, sort of, formulation
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最后,一种
05:02
of this "American Idol" format,
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终极版的“美国偶像”形式的节目
05:05
which has just appeared in Afghanistan,
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在阿富汗新鲜出炉
05:07
is a new program called "The Candidate."
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这档节目叫做“候选人”
05:10
And in this program, people present
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在节目中,人们提出
05:12
policy platforms that are then voted on.
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政策主张,然后进行投票
05:15
Many of them are too young to run for president,
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虽然许多参赛选手太年轻,不能竞选总统
05:18
but by putting the issues out there,
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但通过提出提议
05:20
they are influencing the presidential race.
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他们影响着总统竞选
05:22
So for me, the substance of things unseen
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对我来说,潜在的意义是
05:25
is how reality TV is driving reality.
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看真人秀节目如何影响现实
05:29
Thank you.
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谢谢
05:31
(Applause)
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(掌声)
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