Cynthia Schneider: The surprising spread of "Idol" TV

39,713 views ใƒป 2009-11-13

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Smadar Prager ืžื‘ืงืจ: Shaike Katz
00:15
I'd like to ask you,
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืชื›ื,
00:17
what do these three people have in common?
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ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื‘ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ?
00:22
Well, you probably recognize the first person.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืืชื ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืžื–ื”ื™ื ืืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ.
00:24
I'm sure you're all avid "American Idol" watchers.
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ืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืฉื›ื•ืœื›ื ืฆื•ืคื™ื ืžื•ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ืฉืœ "ืืžืจื™ืงืŸ ืื™ื™ื“ื•ืœ".
00:27
But you might not recognize Aydah Al Jahani,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืืชื ืžื–ื”ื™ื ืืช ืขื™ื™ื“ื” ืืœ ื’'ื”ื ื™,
00:30
who is a contestant, indeed a finalist,
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ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืชื—ืจื”, ื‘ืขืฆื ืขื•ืœื” ืœื’ืžืจ
00:33
in the Poet of the Millions competition,
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ื‘ืชื—ืจื•ืช "ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ื”ืžืœื™ื•ื ื™ื",
00:36
which is broadcast out of Abu Dhabi,
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ื”ืžืฉื•ื“ืจืช ืžืื‘ื•-ื“ืื‘ื™,
00:38
and seen throughout the Arab world.
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ื•ื ืฆืคื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™.
00:40
In this contest
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ื‘ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื–ื•
00:42
people have to write and recite
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ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื•ืœื“ืงืœื
00:45
original poetry, in the Nabati form of poetry,
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ืฉื™ืจื” ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ื‘ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจื” ื”ื ื‘ืื˜ื™ืช,
00:48
which is the traditional Bedouin form.
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ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™.
00:51
And Lima Sahar was a finalist
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ื•ืœื™ืžื” ืกื”ืจ ืขืœืชื” ืœื’ืžืจ
00:54
in the Afghan Star singing competition.
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ื‘ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื” "ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืืคื’ืื ื™".
00:58
Now, before I go any further,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืžืฉื™ืš,
01:00
yes, I know it all began with "Britain's Got Talent."
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ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืขื "ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื” ื›ื™ืฉืจื•ืŸ".
01:04
But my point in discussing this
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืขืœ ื–ื”
01:07
is to show you -- I hope I'll be able to show you
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ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื -- ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื
01:10
how these merit-based competitions,
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ืื™ืš ื”ืชื—ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช ืขืœ ื ื™ืงื•ื“,
01:14
with equal access to everyone,
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ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ,
01:17
with the winner selected via voting by SMS,
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ื•ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืžื ืฆื— ื ื‘ื—ืจ ืข"ื™ ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ื‘ืืก.ืื.ืืก,
01:20
are changing tribal societies.
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ืžืฉื ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื•ืช.
01:23
And I'm going to focus on Afghanistan
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ื•ืื ื™ ืืชืจื›ื– ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ
01:25
and the Arab world with the UAE,
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ื•ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ ื‘ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืจื‘,
01:28
how they're changing tribal societies,
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ืื™ืš ื”ืŸ ืžืฉื ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื•ืช,
01:31
not by introducing Western ideas,
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ืœื ืข"ื™ ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืžืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื,
01:33
but by being integrated into the language in those places.
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ืืœื ืข"ื™ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ื‘ืฉืคืช ื”ืžืงื•ื.
01:37
It all begins with enjoyment.
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ื”ื›ืœ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืขื ื”ื ืื”. (ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืจืฆื™ื ืข"ืž ืœื ืœืื—ืจ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช).
01:42
Video: We are late to watch "Afghan Star."
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(ื•ื™ื“ืื•): ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืื—ืจื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช "ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืืคื’ื ื™"
01:45
We are going to watch "Afghan Star." We are late.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช "ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืืคื’ื ื™". ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืื—ืจื™ื.
01:48
We are running late.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืื™ื—ื•ืจ.
01:51
We must go to watch "Afghan Star."
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ืœืจืื•ืช "ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืืคื’ื ื™".
01:56
Cynthia Schneider: These programs are reaching incredibly deeply into society.
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ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืืœื” ื—ื•ื“ืจื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื“ื”ื™ื ืขืžื•ืง ืืœ ืชื•ืš ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”.
02:01
In Afghanistan, people go to extraordinary lengths
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ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ, ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžื’ื“ืจื
02:04
to be able to watch this program.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื–ื•.
02:06
And you don't necessarily have to have your own TV set.
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ื•ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื ื˜ืœื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ืžืฉืœื”ื.
02:09
People watch it all over the country
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”
02:11
also in public places.
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ื’ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื.
02:14
But it goes beyond watching,
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืฆืคื™ื™ื”,
02:17
because also, part of this
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื’ื, ื—ืœืง ืžื–ื”
02:20
is campaigning.
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ื”ื•ื ืชืขืžื•ืœื”.
02:22
People become so engaged
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›"ื› ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื
02:24
that they have volunteers, just like political volunteers anyway,
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžืชื ื“ื‘ื™ื, ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ืžืชื ื“ื‘ื™ื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืคืŸ,
02:28
who fan out over the countryside,
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ืฉืžืชืคืจืฉื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืคื™ื ื”,
02:31
campaigning for their candidate.
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ื•ืžื’ื™ื™ืกื™ื ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืœืžื•ืขืžื“ ืฉืœื”ื.
02:34
Contestants also put themselves forward.
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ื’ื ื”ืžืชื—ืจื™ื ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื.
02:37
Now, of course there is a certain degree of ethnic allegiance, but not entirely.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื“ื” ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช ืฉืœ ื ืืžื ื•ืช ืืชื ื™ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืœื’ืžืจื™.
02:41
Because each year the winner has come from a different tribal group.
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืžืฉื‘ื˜ ืื—ืจ.
02:46
This has opened up the door,
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ื–ื” ืคืชื— ืืช ื”ื“ืœืช,
02:48
particularly for women.
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœื ืฉื™ื.
02:50
And in the last season there were two women in the finalists.
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ื•ื‘ืขื•ื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉืชื™ ื ืฉื™ื ืขืœื• ืœื’ืžืจ.
02:53
One of them, Lima Sahar, is a Pashtun from Kandahar,
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ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ, ืœื™ืžื” ืกื”ืจ, ื”ื™ื ืคืฉื˜ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืงื ื“ื”ืจ,
02:56
a very conservative part of the country.
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ืื–ื•ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืžืจื ื™ ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ.
02:59
And here she relates, in the documentary film "Afghan Star,"
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ื•ื›ืืŸ ื”ื™ื ืžืกืคืจืช, ื‘ืกืจื˜ ื”ื“ื•ืงื•ืžื ื˜ืจื™ "ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ",
03:03
how her friends urged her not to do this
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ืื™ืš ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื™ื” ื ื™ืกื• ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืื•ืชื” ืฉืœื ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช
03:06
and told her that she was leaving them for democracy.
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ื•ื˜ืขื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื•ื˜ืฉืช ืื•ืชื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”.
03:09
But she also confides that
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ื’ื ื’ื™ืœืชื”
03:12
she knows that members of the Taliban
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ืฉื”ื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืื ืฉื™ ื˜ืืœื™ื‘ืŸ
03:14
are actually SMS-ing votes in for her.
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ืฉืžืžืฉ ืžืกืžืกื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจื”.
03:19
Aydah Al Jahnani also took risks
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ื’ื ืขื™ื™ื“ื” ืืœ ื’'ื”ื ื™ ืœื•ืงื—ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื,
03:22
and put herself out, to compete
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ื•ื—ื•ืฉืคืช ืืช ืขืฆืžื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ
03:24
in the Poet of the Millions competition.
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ื‘ืชื—ืจื•ืช "ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ื”ืžืœื™ื•ื ื™ื".
03:27
I have to say, her husband backed her from the start.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืขืœื” ืชืžืš ื‘ื” ืžื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”.
03:31
But her tribe and family urged her not to compete
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ืฉืœื” ื•ืžืฉืคื—ืชื” ื”ืคืฆื™ืจื• ื‘ื” ืฉืœื ืชืชื—ืจื”
03:34
and were very much against it.
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ื•ืžืื•ื“ ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื• ืœื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืชื”.
03:36
But, once she started to win,
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ืื‘ืœ, ืื™ืš ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื ืฆื—,
03:39
then they got behind her again.
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ื”ื ื—ื–ืจื• ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื”.
03:41
It turns out that competition and winning is a universal human value.
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ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื ืขืจื›ื™ื ืื ื•ืฉื™ื™ื ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ื™ื.
03:47
And she's out there.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ืฉืคืช ืืช ืขืฆืžื”.
03:49
Her poetry is about women,
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ืฉื™ืจืชื” ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื ืฉื™ื,
03:52
and the life of women in society.
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ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”.
03:55
So just by presenting herself
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ืื– ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืฆื’ืชื” ืืช ืขืฆืžื”,
03:57
and being in competition with men --
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ื•ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืชื” ื‘ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืขื ื’ื‘ืจื™ื --
03:59
this shows the voting on the program --
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ื–ื” ืžืจืื” ืืช ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช --
04:01
it sets a very important example for young women --
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ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืช --
04:04
these are young women in the audience of the program --
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ืืœื” ื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืงื”ืœ ืฉื‘ืื•ืœืคืŸ --
04:07
in Abu Dhabi, but also people in the viewing audience.
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ื‘ืื‘ื• ื“ืื‘ื™, ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืœืงื”ืœ ื”ืฆื•ืคื™ื.
04:11
Now you'd think that "American Idol"
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉ"ืืžืจื™ืงืŸ ืื™ื™ื“ื•ืœ"
04:13
would introduce a measure of Americanization.
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ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”.
04:16
But actually, just the opposite is happening.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืืžื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื”ื™ืคืš ืงื•ืจื”.
04:19
By using this engaging popular format
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ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืคื•ืจืžื˜ ื”ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ืœื‘ ื”ื–ื”
04:22
for traditional, local culture,
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ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช,
04:25
it actually, in the Gulf, is precipitating a revival
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ืžืขื•ื“ื“ ื‘ืขืฆื, ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืžืคืจืฅ, ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช
04:28
of interest in Nabati poetry,
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ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื” ื”ื ื‘ืื˜ื™ืช,
04:30
also in traditional dress and dance and music.
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ื•ื’ื ื‘ืœื‘ื•ืฉ, ื‘ืจื™ืงื•ื“ ื•ื‘ืžื•ืกื™ืงื” ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื.
04:34
And for Afghanistan,
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ื•ืœืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ
04:36
where the Taliban banned music for many years,
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ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื˜ืืœื™ื‘ืŸ ื”ื—ืจื™ืžื• ืžื•ืกื™ืงื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื,
04:40
it is reintroducing their traditional music.
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ื™ืฉ ื”ื›ืจื•ืช ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช ืขื ื”ืžื•ืกื™ืงื” ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
04:42
They don't sing pop songs,
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ื”ื ืœื ืฉืจื™ื ืฉื™ืจื™ ืคื•ืค,
04:44
they sing Afghan music.
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ื”ื ืฉืจื™ื ืžื•ืกื™ืงื” ืืคื’ืื ื™ืช.
04:47
And they also have learned how to lose gracefully,
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ื•ื”ื ื’ื ืœืžื“ื• ืื™ืš ืœื”ืคืกื™ื“ ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“,
04:50
without avenging the winner.
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ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื ืงื•ื ื‘ืžื ืฆื—.
04:52
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:54
No small thing.
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ื”ื™ืฉื’ ืœื ืžื‘ื•ื˜ืœ.
04:56
And the final, sort of, formulation
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ื•ื”ื’ืžืจ, ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ, ื ื•ืกื—
05:02
of this "American Idol" format,
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ืฉืœ ื”ืคื•ืจืžื˜ ืฉืœ "ืืžืจื™ืงืŸ ืื™ื™ื“ื•ืœ",
05:05
which has just appeared in Afghanistan,
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ืฉืจืง ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ,
05:07
is a new program called "The Candidate."
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ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ื”ื ืงืจืืช "ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“".
05:10
And in this program, people present
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ื•ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื
05:12
policy platforms that are then voted on.
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ืžืฆืขื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื’ื‘ื™ื”ื ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžืช ื”ืฆื‘ืขื”.
05:15
Many of them are too young to run for president,
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ืจื•ื‘ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืžื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื ืฉื™ืื•ืช.
05:18
but by putting the issues out there,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ืžืขืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืง,
05:20
they are influencing the presidential race.
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ื”ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื.
05:22
So for me, the substance of things unseen
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ื›ืš ืฉืขื‘ื•ืจื™, ืชื•ื›ื ื ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื ืจืื™ื,
05:25
is how reality TV is driving reality.
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ื”ื•ื ืื™ืš ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืจื™ืืœื™ื˜ื™ ื˜ื™.ื•ื™. ืงื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช.
05:29
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
05:31
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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