Ian Ritchie: The day I turned down Tim Berners-Lee

Translator: Ulugbek Abduqayumov Reviewer: Adham Kurbanov

Well we all know the World Wide Web

Biz hamamiz bilamizki Internet

has absolutely transformed publishing, broadcasting,

nashr, teleko`rsatuv,

commerce and social connectivity,

savdo va ijtimoiy aloqani kuchli darajada o`zgartirdi,

but where did it all come from?

lekin bularning hamasi qayerdan kelgan?

And I'll quote three people:

Men sizga uchta insonni ta'kidlayman:

Vannevar Bush, Doug Engelbart and Tim Berners-Lee.

Vannevar Bush, Doug Engelbart va Tim Berners-Lee.

So let's just run through these guys.

Keling endi mana shu insonlar haqida ozgina gaplashsak.

This is Vannevar Bush.

Mana bu Vanner Bush.

Vannevar Bush was the U.S. government's chief scientific adviser during the war.

Urush paytida u AQSH hukumatining ilmiy maslahatchisi bo`lgan.

And in 1945,

va 1945-yilda,

he published an article in a magazine called Atlantic Monthly.

u Oylik Atlantik(Atlantic Monthly) jurnalda o`z maqolasini chop ettirdi.

And the article was called "As We May Think."

Va maqola "Biz o`ylashimiz mumkindek" deb nomlandi.

And what Vannevar Bush was saying

Bizning ma'lumotni ishlatishimiz yo`li singanligi

was the way we use information is broken.

Vannevar Bush ta'kidlamoqchi bo`lgan narsa edi.

We don't work in terms of libraries

Biz kutubxona, katalog va shunga o`xshash

and catalog systems and so forth.

sistemalar bo`yicha ishlamaymiz.

The brain works by association.

Inson miyyasi o`zaro bog`liqlik holda ishlaydi.

With one item in its thought, it snaps instantly to the next item.

O`z ichida fikr bir narsadan ikkinchi narsaga har doim tez sur'atda o`tib turadi.

And the way information is structured

va ma'lumotlar tizimining

is totally incapable of keeping up with this process.

bunday holatda ishlashga imkoni yo`q.

And so he suggested a machine,

Va shunday qilib u bir texnikani taklif qildi

and he called it the memex.

va uni "memeks"(memex) deb nomladi.

And the memex would link information,

Va memeks ma'lumotlarni

one piece of information to a related piece of information and so forth.

birinchisadan ikkinchisiga bog`laydigan bo`ldi.

Now this was in 1945.

Bu 1945-yilda edi.

A computer in those days

Komputer o`sha kunlarda

was something the secret services used to use for code breaking.

shifrlarni buzish uchun mahfiy hizmat uchun ishlatilgan edi.

And nobody knew anything about it.

Va u haqida hech kim bilmagan edi.

So this was before the computer was invented.

Demak, bu narsa komputerlar yaratilishidan oldin bo`lgan!

And he proposed this machine called the memex.

Va u bu texnikani memeks deb nomlashga axd qildi.

And he had a platform where you linked information to other information,

Uning bir informatsiyani ikkinchisiga ulovchi platformasi bo`lgan,

and then you could call it up at will.

va hohlaganizni tanlab ko`rish imkoni bo`lgan.

So spinning forward,

Davom etsak...

one of the guys who read this article was a guy called Doug Engelbart,

bu narsadan habar topganlar ichida AQSH Havo kuchlari ofitseri

and he was a U.S. Air Force officer.

Doug Engelbart ham bor edi.

And he was reading it in their library in the Far East.

U bu habarni uzoq sharqning kutubxonalaridan birida o`qib

And he was so inspired by this article,

judayam ta'sirlandi

it kind of directed the rest of his life.

va bu uning qolgan hayotga yo`l ochdi.

And by the mid-60s, he was able to put this into action

U 60-yillarning o`rtasida, Kaliforniyada, Stanford izlanish labaratoriyasida

when he worked at the Stanford Research Lab in California.

bir narsaga erishishga muvaffaq bo`ldi.

He built a system.

U bir tizim barpo etdi.

The system was designed to augment human intelligence, it was called.

Tizim inson aqlini kuchaytirish uchun barpo qilingandi.

And in a premonition of today's world

Hozirgi zamon komputer birlashuvi

of cloud computing and softwares of service,

va programmaviy ta'minot hizmatiga ko`ra,

his system was called NLS

bu tizimi doimgi aloqa tizimi,

for oN-Line System.

NLS (NLS - oN-Line System) deb nomlandi.

And this is Doug Engelbart.

Va bu Doug Engelbart.

He was giving a presentation at the Fall Joint Computer Conference

U Kuzgi Birlashgan Komputer Konferensiyasida

in 1968.

1968-yilda so`zga chiqqan edi.

What he showed --

U nimani namoyish qildi -

he sat on a stage like this, and he demonstrated this system.

u sahnada shunday o`tirdi va shu tizimni tasvirlab berdi.

He had his head mic like I've got.

Unda huddi menikiga o`xshagan bosh mikrafoni bor edi.

And he works this system.

va u bu tizimni ishlatadi.

And you can see, he's working between documents

Ko`rib turganingizdek, u hujjatlar, grafiklar va

and graphics and so forth.

shunga o`xshash narsalar bilan ishlayapti.

And he's driving it all

Va u bularning hamasini mana bu yerdagi

with this platform here,

o`zi ixtiro qilgan platforma,

with a five-finger keyboard

besh-barmoqli klaviatura va

and the world's first computer mouse,

dunyoning birinchi komputer sichqonchasi

which he specially designed in order to do this system.

orqali boshqarmoqda.

So this is where the mouse came from as well.

Shunday qilib komputer sichqonchasi yaratildi.

So this is Doug Engelbart.

Bu - Doug Engelbart.

The trouble with Doug Engelbart's system

Doug Engelbart sistemasining muammosi

was that the computers in those days cost several million pounds.

o`sha kunlarda komputerning bir necha million funt turganligi bo`ldi.

So for a personal computer,

Shunday qilib shaxsiy komputer uchun bir necha million

a few million pounds was like having a personal jet plane;

funt huddi shaxsiy samolyotga ega bo`lish edi;

it wasn't really very practical.

bu unchali darajada qulay bo`lmadi.

But spin on to the 80s

Endi 80-yillarga boraylik,

when personal computers did arrive,

komputerlar ishga tushgan va

then there was room for this kind of system on personal computers.

keyin shaxsiy koputerlarning tizimi shu honaga o`xshash bo`lgan yillar.

And my company, OWL

Va mening kompaniyam, OWL

built a system called Guide for the Apple Macintosh.

Apple Macintosh uchun qo`llanma nomli tizim tuzdi.

And we delivered the world's first hypertext system.

Va biz dunyoning birinchi giper matni (hypertext) tizimini keltirdik.

And this began to get a head of steam.

Va bu rivojlanishni boshladi.

Apple introduced a thing called HyperCard,

Apple GiperKarta (HyperCard) degan narsani yaratdi va

and they made a bit of a fuss about it.

bu narsani ular shov-shuvga aylantirib yuborishdi.

They had a 12-page supplement in the Wall Street Journal the day it launched.

Bu narsa chiqarilgan kuni Wall Street Jurnalida 12 bet bo`sh joy bor edi va

The magazines started to cover it.

jurnal bu yangilikni o`z ichiga qamrashni boshladi.

Byte magazine and Communications at the ACM

Byte jurnali va ACMning Aloqalarida

had special issues covering hypertext.

giper text alohida ta'kidlandi.

We developed a PC version of this product

Biz bu mahsulotning shaxsiy komputer

as well as the Macintosh version.

shu bilan birga Macintosh variantlarini rivojlantirdik.

And our PC version became quite mature.

Va biz chiqargan shaxsiy komputer varianti ancha muvaffaqiyatli bo`ldi.

These are some examples of this system in action in the late 80s.

Bular esa sistemaning 80-yillar ohiridagi ba'zi namunalaridir.

You were able to deliver documents, were able to do it over networks.

Hujjatlarni yetkazish va ularni komputer tizimi orqali amalga oshirish imkoni bo`ldi.

We developed a system such

Biz shunday tizimni yaratdikki

that it had a markup language based on html.

unda html ga asoslangan yozuvlar to`plami bolgan edi.

We called it hml: hypertext markup language.

Biz uni hml: giper matn yozuvlar tili (hypertext markup language) deb nomladik.

And the system was capable of doing

va bu sistema judayam katta hujjatlarni komputer

very, very large documentation systems over computer networks.

tizimi orqali yaratish qobiliyatiga ega edi.

So I took this system to a trade show in Versailles near Paris

Shunday qilib 1990-yil Noyabrning ohirida men bu tizimni

in late November 1990.

Parij yaqinidagi Versailez shaxriga ko`rsatma uchun olib bordim.

And I was approached by a nice young man called Tim Berners-Lee

Va u yerda yonimga Tim Berners-Lee ismli yosh yigit yaqinlashdi.

who said, "Are you Ian Ritchie?" and I said, "Yeah."

"Siz Ian Ritchiemisiz?"-so`radi u, "ha"-deb javob berdim.

And he said, "I need to talk to you."

Va u - "men siz bilan gaplashishim kerak".

And he told me about his proposed system called the World Wide Web.

U menga o`zining o`ylangan Dunyo Keng To`ri (World Wide Web(www)) nomli tizimi haqida gapirdi

And I thought, well, that's got a pretentious name,

va men o`yladim, ho`sh, bu ajoyib fikr,

especially since the whole system ran on his computer in his office.

ayniqsa butun bir tizim uning ofisidagi komputeridan boshqarilsa.

But he was completely convinced that his World Wide Web

Lekin u o`zining o`ylagan tizimi butun dunyoni

would take over the world one day.

bir kun kelib egallashiga ishongan edi.

And he tried to persuade me to write the browser for it,

Va u meni buning uchun dastur tuzib berishimi so`radi

because his system didn't have any graphics or fonts or layout or anything;

chunki uning tizimida hech qanday grafik, yoki yozuv tartibi yo`q edi.

it was just plain text.

bu oddiygina bir matn edi.

I thought, well, you know, interesting,

Men o`yladim, ho`sh, bilasizmi nima, bu judayam qiziqarli,

but a guy from CERN, he's not going to do this.

lekin CERNdan bo`lgan odamni bunga umuman aloqasi yo`q...

So we didn't do it.

Shunday qilib biz buni amalga oshirmadik.

In the next couple of years,

Keyingi 2,3 yil ichida

the hypertext community didn't recognize him either.

giper matn jamoati ham unga e'tibor bermadi.

In 1992, his paper was rejected for the Hypertext Conference.

Uning maqolasi 1992-yilda Giper matn Konferensiyasi tomonidan rad qilindi.

In 1993,

1993-yilda esa,

there was a table at the conference in Seattle,

Seattledagi konferensiya stoli ustida,

and a guy called Marc Andreessen

Marc Andreessen nomli yigit o`zining

was demonstrating his little browser for the World Wide Web.

kichkinagina Dunyo Keng To`ri (World Wide Web(www)) dasturini namoyish etayotgan edi.

And I saw it, and I thought, yep, that's it.

Men buni ko`rdim va o`yladim, "tamom".

And the very next year, in 1994, we had the conference here in Edinburgh,

Bir yil o`tgach, 1994-yilda, Edinburgda konferensiya bo`ldi

and I had no opposition in having Tim Berners-Lee as the keynote speaker.

va menda Tim Berners-Leeni asosiy so`zlovchi qilishimda qarshiliklar bo`lmadi.

So that puts me in pretty illustrious company.

Shunday qilib bu meni yaqqol bir vaziyatga soldi.

There was a guy called Dick Rowe

Dick Rowe ismli yigit bo`lgan va u

who was at Decca Records and turned down The Beatles.

Decca Recordsda Beatles gruppasini muvaffaqiyatsizlikka uchratgan.

There was a guy called Gary Kildall

Gary Kildall ismli yigit bo`lgan edi va u,

who went flying his plane

IBM kompaniyasi operatsion tizimi qidirib uning oldiga

when IBM came looking for an operating system

kelganida, uni bu tizimni yaratishga ko`zi yetmagan

for the IBM PC,

va o`z samolyotida uchib ketib qolgan,

and he wasn't there, so they went back to see Bill Gates.

va IBM Bill Gatesni oldiga borishiga to`g`ri kelgan.

And the 12 publishers

va tahminimcha, yana 12 ta nashriyotchilar

who turned down J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter, I guess.

J.K. Rowlingning Harry Potter kitobini omadsiz qilgan.

On the other hand, there's Marc Andreessen

Lekin shu bilan birga, Marc Andreessen ham bor.

who wrote the world's first browser for the World Wide Web.

Fortune jurnaliga ko`ra, u dunyoning birinchi Dunyo Keng To`ri (World Wide Web(www))

And according to Fortune magazine,

dasturini yaratib, 700 million dollarga

he's worth 700 million dollars.

egalik qilgan.

But is he happy?

Lekin u bahtlimikan?

(Laughter)

(kulgi)

(Applause)

(Qarsaklar)