Amanda Burden: How public spaces make cities work

Prevodilac: Jelena Vukovic Lektor: Mile Živković

When people think about cities,

Kada misle o gradovima,

they tend to think of certain things.

ljudi su skloni da misle o određenim stvarima.

They think of buildings and streets

Razmišljaju o zgradama i ulicama

and skyscrapers, noisy cabs.

i neboderima, bučnim taksijima.

But when I think about cities,

Ali kada ja razmišljam o gradovima,

I think about people.

razmišljam o ljudima.

Cities are fundamentally about people,

U osnovi gradova su ljudi,

and where people go

i to kuda se oni kreću,

and where people meet

i gde se sastaju,

are at the core of what makes a city work.

to je suština toga kako gradovi funkcionišu.

So even more important than buildings in a city

Ovo znači da su u odnosu na zgrade u gradu

are the public spaces in between them.

važniji javni prostori među njima.

And today, some of the most transformative

A danas se neke od najznačajnijih

changes in cities

promena u gradovima

are happening in these public spaces.

dešavaju upravo u javnim prostorima.

So I believe that lively, enjoyable public spaces

Tako ja verujem da su javna mesta puna života i uživanja

are the key to planning a great city.

ključna u planiranju divnog grada.

They are what makes it come alive.

Oni čine da grad oživi.

But what makes a public space work?

Ali šta čini da javni prostor funkcioniše?

What attracts people to successful public spaces,

Šta ljude privlači uspešnim javnim mestima,

and what is it about unsuccessful places

i šta je to što u neuspešnim prostorima

that keeps people away?

ljude odbija?

I thought, if I could answer those questions,

Pomislila sam da bih, kada bih mogla odgovoriti na ovo,

I could make a huge contribution to my city.

mogla značajno doprineti svom gradu.

But one of the more wonky things about me

Ali jedna od stvari koje su čudne kod mene,

is that I am an animal behaviorist,

jeste da sam stručnjak za ponašanje životinja

and I use those skills not to study animal behavior

i svoje veštine ne koristim za proučavanje životinja

but to study how people in cities

već za analizu kako ljudi u gradovima

use city public spaces.

koriste javne prostore.

One of the first spaces that I studied

Jedan od prvih prostora koje sam proučavala

was this little vest pocket park called Paley Park

jeste ovaj maleni park nazvan park Pejli

in midtown Manhattan.

u srednjoj oblasti Menhetna.

This little space became a small phenomenon,

Ovaj mali prostor je postao mali fenomen,

and because it had such a profound impact

i zbog toga što je značajno uticao

on New Yorkers,

na stanovnike Njujorka,

it made an enormous impression on me.

ostavio je veliki utisak na mene.

I studied this park very early on in my career

Ovaj park sam proučavala na samom početku svoje karijere

because it happened to have been built

jer ga je sagradio

by my stepfather,

moj očuh,

so I knew that places like Paley Park

tako da sam znala da mesta poput parka Pejli

didn't happen by accident.

ne nastaju slučajno.

I saw firsthand that they required

Iz prve ruke sam videla da zahtevaju

incredible dedication

izuzetnu posvećenost

and enormous attention to detail.

i ogromnu pažnju datu detaljima.

But what was it about this space

Ali šta je ovaj prostor

that made it special and drew people to it?

načinilo tako posebnim i privuklo ljude?

Well, I would sit in the park and watch very carefully,

Sedela bih u parku i veoma pažljivo gledala,

and first among other things

i jedna od prvih stvari

were the comfortable, movable chairs.

su bile udobne, pokretne stolice.

People would come in, find their own seat,

Ljudi bi došli, pronašli svoje mesto,

move it a bit, actually, and then stay a while,

te ga malo i pomerili, i ostali neko vreme

and then interestingly,

a zatim su iznenađujuće,

people themselves attracted other people,

sami ljudi privlačili druge ljude,

and ironically, I felt more peaceful

i ironično, osećala sam se mirnije

if there were other people around.

kada je oko mene bilo još ljudi.

And it was green.

I park je bio zelen.

This little park provided what New Yorkers crave:

Ovaj mali park je Njujorčanima pružao ono za čime žude:

comfort and greenery.

udobnost i zelenilo.

But my question was,

Ali moje pitanje je bilo,

why weren't there more places with greenery

zašto nije bilo više mesta sa zelenilom

and places to sit in the middle of the city

i prostora za sedenje usred grada

where you didn't feel alone,

gde se ne bi osećao usamljenim,

or like a trespasser?

ili samo kao prestupnik?

Unfortunately, that's not how cities

Nažalost, gradovi nisu tako

were being designed.

bili osmišljeni.

So here you see a familiar sight.

Ovde vidite poznat prizor.

This is how plazas have been designed for generations.

Ovako su trgovi generacijama planirani.

They have that stylish, Spartan look

Imaju taj stil i spartanski izgled

that we often associate with modern architecture,

koji nas često asocira na modernu arhitekturu,

but it's not surprising that people

ali ne iznenađuje što ljudi

avoid spaces like this.

izbegavaju ovakva mesta.

They not only look desolate,

Ona ne samo što izgledaju napuštena,

they feel downright dangerous.

na njima se oseća opasnost.

I mean, where would you sit here?

Zaista, gde biste ovde seli?

What would you do here?

Šta biste ovde radili?

But architects love them.

Ali, arhitekte ih vole.

They are plinths for their creations.

Oni su baza njihovog stvaralaštva.

They might tolerate a sculpture or two,

Možda tolerišu skulpturu ili dve,

but that's about it.

i to je sve.

And for developers, they are ideal.

A za investitora su ona idealna.

There's nothing to water, nothing to maintain,

Tu nema šta da se zaliva, niti da se održava,

and no undesirable people to worry about.

i nema nepoželjnih ljudi o kojima bi trebalo brinuti.

But don't you think this is a waste?

Zar ne mislite da je to gubitak?

For me, becoming a city planner

Za mene je to što sam postala urbanista

meant being able to truly change the city

značilo da mogu zapravo promeniti grad

that I lived in and loved.

u kom živim i koji volim.

I wanted to be able to create places

Htela sam da napravim mesta

that would give you the feeling that you got

koja bi vam dala utisak koji se stiče

in Paley Park,

u parku Pejli,

and not allow developers to build bleak plazas like this.

i da ne dozvolim da investitori grade sumorne trgove poput ovog.

But over the many years,

Ali tokom mnogih godina,

I have learned how hard it is

naučila sam kako je teško

to create successful, meaningful,

napraviti uspešna, značajna,

enjoyable public spaces.

prijatna javna mesta.

As I learned from my stepfather,

Kao što sam naučila od svog očuha,

they certainly do not happen by accident,

ona se ne dešavaju slučajno,

especially in a city like New York,

naročito u gradu kao što je Njujork,

where public space has to be fought for to begin with,

gde se za početak treba boriti za javne prostore,

and then for them to be successful,

a da bi zatim bila uspešna,

somebody has to think very hard

neko treba da dobro razmisli

about every detail.

o svakom detalju.

Now, open spaces in cities are opportunities.

Otvoreni prostori u gradu su prilike.

Yes, they are opportunities for commercial investment,

Da, to su prilike za komercijalnu investiciju,

but they are also opportunities for the common good

ali to su takođe prilike za dobro zajednice

of the city,

u gradu,

and those two goals are often not aligned with one another,

a ta dva cilja često nisu usklađena,

and therein lies the conflict.

i tu se nalazi sukob.

The first opportunity I had to fight

Prva prilika gde sam se borila

for a great public open space was in the early 1980s,

za sjajan javni prostor je bilo u ranim 1980-im godinama,

when I was leading a team of planners

kada sam predvodila tim urbanista

at a gigantic landfill called Battery Park City

na ogromnoj deponiji Bateri park siti

in lower Manhattan on the Hudson River.

u donjem Menhetnu, uz reku Hadson.

And this sandy wasteland had lain barren

Ta peščana deponija je bila napuštena

for 10 years,

10 godina,

and we were told, unless we found a developer

i rečeno nam je da bi, osim ako pronađemo investitora

in six months, it would go bankrupt.

za šest meseci, ta deponija propala.

So we came up with a radical,

Došli smo do radikalne,

almost insane idea.

gotovo lude ideje.

Instead of building a park

Umesto da napravimo park

as a complement to future development,

kao prateći sadržaj budućeg naselja,

why don't we reverse that equation

zašto ne bismo preokrenuli situaciju

and build a small but very high-quality

i prvo izgradili mali, ali veoma kvalitetan

public open space first,

otvoreni javni prostor,

and see if that made a difference.

da bismo videli da li će ovo nešto promeniti.

So we only could afford to build a two-block section

Mogli smo samo da priuštimo dva bloka,

of what would become a mile-long esplanade,

da izgradimo šetalište dugo kilometar ipo,

so whatever we built had to be perfect.

što znači da je to moralo biti savršeno.

So just to make sure, I insisted

I da bismo bili sigurni, insistirala sam

that we build a mock-up

da napravimo maketu

in wood, at scale, of the railing and the sea wall.

od drveta, u razmeri, sa ogradom i morskim zidom.

And when I sat down on that test bench

I kada sam sela na probnu klupu

with sand still swirling all around me,

sa peskom koji se kovitlao oko mene,

the railing hit exactly at eye level,

ograda je bila tačno u visini mojih očiju,

blocking my view and ruining my experience

zaklanjajući mi pogled i kvareći mi doživljaj

at the water's edge.

na ivici mora.

So you see, details really do make a difference.

Dakle, detalji stvarno mogu napraviti razliku.

But design is not just how something looks,

Ali dizajn nije samo to kako nešto izgleda,

it's how your body feels on that seat in that space,

već kako vam se telo oseća na tom sedištu u tom prostoru,

and I believe that successful design always depends

i verujem da uspešan dizajn uvek zavisi

on that very individual experience.

od tog veoma ličnog iskustva.

In this photo, everything looks very finished,

Na ovoj fotografiji, sve izgleda završeno,

but that granite edge, those lights,

ali ta ivica granita, ta svetla,

the back on that bench,

naslon te klupe,

the trees in planting,

zasađeno drveće,

and the many different kinds of places to sit

i mnoga različita mesta za sedenje

were all little battles that turned this project

su bile male pobede koje su ovaj projekat pretvorile

into a place that people wanted to be.

u mesto na kom ljudi žele da budu.

Now, this proved very valuable 20 years later

Ovo se pokazalo veoma vrednim 20 godina kasnije

when Michael Bloomberg asked me to be

kada mi je Majkl Blumberg ponudio da postanem

his planning commissioner

njegov poverenik za planiranje

and put me in charge of shaping

i poverio mi da oblikujem

the entire city of New York.

ceo grad Njujork.

And he said to me on that very day,

Tog dana mi je rekao,

he said that New York was projected

da se predviđa da će Njujork

to grow from eight to nine million people.

narasti sa osam na devet miliona stanovnika.

And he asked me,

Pitao me je:

"So where are you going to put

"I gde ćeš postaviti

one million additional New Yorkers?"

dodatni milion Njujorčana?"

Well, I didn't have any idea.

Tada nisam imala nikakvu ideju.

Now, you know that New York does

Znate da Njujork polaže

place a high value on attracting immigrants,

puno na privlačenje imigranata,

so we were excited about the prospect of growth,

i bili smo uzbuđeni zbog ovog rasta,

but honestly, where were we going to grow

ali iskreno, pitali smo se gde ćemo rasti

in a city that was already built out to its edges

u gradu koji je već bio izgrađen do svojih granica

and surrounded by water?

i okružen vodom?

How were we going to find housing

Kako ćemo pronaći mesta za život

for that many new New Yorkers?

za toliko novih Njujorčana?

And if we couldn't spread out,

Ako ne možemo da proširimo grad,

which was probably a good thing,

što je verovatno bilo dobro,

where could new housing go?

gde bi novo stanovanje bilo?

And what about cars?

A automobili?

Our city couldn't possibly handle any more cars.

Naš grad nikako ne bi podneo još automobila.

So what were we going to do?

Dakle, šta ćemo uraditi?

If we couldn't spread out, we had to go up.

Ako ne možemo da se proširimo, morali bismo da rastemo u visinu.

And if we had to go up,

A kada bismo morali rasti u visinu, morali bismo rasti tamo

we had to go up in places

where you wouldn't need to own a car.

gde nam automobil ne bi ni trebao.

So that meant using one of our greatest assets:

A to znači da bismo koristili naše najveće preimućstvo:

our transit system.

naš sistem prevoza.

But we had never before thought

Ali ranije nismo razmišljali

of how we could make the most of it.

o tome kako ga na najbolji način iskoristiti.

So here was the answer to our puzzle.

I tu se krio odgovor na naše probleme.

If we were to channel and redirect

Ako je potrebno da kanališemo i preusmerimo

all new development around transit,

novu izgradnju oko tranzita,

we could actually handle that population increase,

zapravo bismo mogli da izdržimo povećanje naseljenosti,

we thought.

pomislili smo.

And so here was the plan,

I tu je bio plan,

what we really needed to do:

ono što je trebalo uraditi:

We needed to redo our zoning --

Bilo je potrebno da preradimo naše zoniranje -

and zoning is the city planner's regulatory tool --

a zonama urbanisti regulišu grad -

and basically reshape the entire city,

i praktično preoblikujemo ceo grad,

targeting where new development could go

ciljajući gde bi nova izgradnja bila moguća,

and prohibiting any development at all

i zabranimo građenje

in our car-oriented,

u prigradskim naseljima,

suburban-style neighborhoods.

gde se prevozi automobilom.

Well, this was an unbelievably ambitious idea,

Ovo je bila neverovatno ambiciozna ideja,

ambitious because communities

ambiciozna jer su zajednice

had to approve those plans.

morale te planove odobriti.

So how was I going to get this done?

Kako sam mogla to da uradim?

By listening. So I began listening,

Slušajući. I, počela sam da slušam,

in fact, thousands of hours of listening

da slušam na hiljade sati

just to establish trust.

kako bih razvila poverenje.

You know, communities can tell

Znate, zajednice mogu reći

whether or not you understand their neighborhoods.

da li razumemo njihova naselja.

It's not something you can just fake.

Tako nešto se ne može lažirati.

And so I began walking.

I počela sam da idem pešice.

I can't tell you how many blocks I walked,

Ne mogu ni reći koliko sam blokova zgrada prešla pešice,

in sweltering summers, in freezing winters,

tokom znojavih leta, smrznutih zima,

year after year,

godinu za godinom,

just so I could get to understand

samo da bih mogla razumeti

the DNA of each neighborhood

srž svakog naselja

and know what each street felt like.

i osetiti svaku ulicu.

I became an incredibly geeky zoning expert,

Postala sam veliki štreber koji poznaje gradske zone,

finding ways that zoning could address

pronalazeći načine na koje bi zoniranje moglo rešiti

communities' concerns.

brige zajednica.

So little by little, neighborhood by neighborhood,

I malo po malo, naselje po naselje,

block by block,

blok po blok,

we began to set height limits

počeli smo da definišemo granične visine

so that all new development

kako bi nova gradnja

would be predictable and near transit.

mogla da bude predvidiva i blizu tranzita.

Over the course of 12 years,

Tokom 12 godina

we were able to rezone

uspeli smo da promenimo zone

124 neighborhoods,

u 124 naselja,

40 percent of the city,

na 40% gradske površine,

12,500 blocks, so that now,

u 12.500 blokova, tako da je sada

90 percent of all new development of New York

90% nove gradnje u Njujorku

is within a 10-minute walk of a subway.

na 10 minuta hoda od podzemne železnice.

In other words, nobody in those new buildings

Drugim rečima: nikom u tim novim zgradama

needs to own a car.

automobil nije potreban.

Well, those rezonings were exhausting

Te izmene zona su bile iscrpljujuće

and enervating and important,

i iscrpne i važne,

but rezoning was never my mission.

ali izmene zona nikad nisu bile moj cilj.

You can't see zoning and you can't feel zoning.

Zone ne možete videti i osetiti.

My mission was always to create

Moj cilj je uvek bio da napravim

great public spaces.

odlična javna mesta.

So in the areas where we zoned for significant development,

Tako sam u delovima gde smo zonirali zbog značajne izgradnje,

I was determined to create places

bila odlučna da stvorim mesta

that would make a difference in people's lives.

koja bi donela promenu u ljudske živote.

Here you see what was

Ovde možete videti ono što je bilo

two miles of abandoned, degraded waterfront

tri kilometra napuštene i uništene rečne obale.

in the neighborhoods of Greenpoint

U naseljima Grinpoint

and Williamsburg in Brooklyn,

i Vilijamsburg u Bruklinu,

impossible to get to and impossible to use.

bilo je nemoguće doći do obale i koristiti je.

Now the zoning here was massive,

Tadašnje zone su tu bile mnogobrojna,

so I felt an obligation to create

i osećala sam obavezu da napravim

magnificent parks on these waterfronts,

divne parkove na tim obalama,

and I spent an incredible amount of time

i provela sam puno vremena

on every square inch of these plans.

na svakom deliću ovih planova.

I wanted to make sure that there were

Htela sam da se postaram da tu budu

tree-lined paths from the upland to the water,

staze sa drvoredima od nasipa ka vodi,

that there were trees and plantings everywhere,

da su svuda zasađeni drveće i zelenilo,

and, of course, lots and lots of places to sit.

i naravno veoma mnogo mesta za sedenje.

Honestly, I had no idea how it would turn out.

Iskreno, nisam znala kako će sve ispasti.

I had to have faith.

Morala sam verovati da će sve biti dobro.

But I put everything that I had studied and learned

Ali sam u planove uložila

into those plans.

sve što sam naučila.

And then it opened,

I kada je to otvoreno,

and I have to tell you, it was incredible.

moram priznati da je bilo neverovatno.

People came from all over the city

Ljudi iz celog grada su došli

to be in these parks.

da provedu vreme u tim parkovima.

I know they changed the lives of the people who live there,

Znam da su promenili živote ljudi koji su tu stanovali,

but they also changed New Yorkers' whole image

ali su takođe promenili kako su Njujorčani videli

of their city.

svoj grad.

I often come down and watch people

Često dolazim i posmatram ljude kako se penju na taj mali trajekt

get on this little ferry

that now runs between the boroughs,

koji sada vozi među naseljima,

and I can't tell you why,

i ne mogu reći zašto,

but I'm completely moved

ali me je potpuno ganula

by the fact that people are using it

činjenica da to ljudi koriste

as if it had always been there.

kao da je oduvek tamo.

And here is a new park in lower Manhattan.

A ovo je novi park u donjem delu Menhetna.

Now, the water's edge in lower Manhattan

Rečna obala u donjem Menhetnu

was a complete mess before 9/11.

je pre 11. septembra bila sva u neredu.

Wall Street was essentially landlocked

Vol strit je u suštini ograničen kopnom

because you couldn't get anywhere near this edge.

jer se nije moglo prići ovoj ivici.

And after 9/11, the city had very little control.

A nakon 11. septembra, grad je imao vrlo malo kontrole.

But I thought if we went

Ali ja sam pomislila da, ako bismo otišli

to the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation

u korporaciju Louer Menhetn Development

and got money to reclaim this two miles

i pribavili novac za povraćaj ova tri kilometra

of degraded waterfront

degradirane obale

that it would have an enormous effect

to bi imalo ogroman uticaj

on the rebuilding of lower Manhattan.

na ponovnu izgradnju donjeg Menhetna.

And it did.

I tako je bilo.

Lower Manhattan finally has a public waterfront

Donji Menhetn konačno ima javnu obalu

on all three sides.

na sve tri strane.

I really love this park.

Zaista volim ovaj park.

You know, railings have to be higher now,

Ograde treba da su sada više,

so we put bar seating at the edge,

tako da smo postavili barske stolice na ivicu,

and you can get so close to the water

tako da možete toliko prići vodi

you're practically on it.

da ste praktično zagazili u nju.

And see how the railing widens

I vidite kako se ograda proširuje

and flattens out so you can lay down

i postaje ravna da biste na nju moguli postaviti

your lunch or your laptop.

svoj ručak ili laptop.

And I love when people come there

Volim kada ljudi dođu ovde

and look up and they say,

razgledaju i kažu,

"Wow, there's Brooklyn, and it's so close."

"Vidi, tamo je Bruklin, i tako je blizu."

So what's the trick?

I gde je tu trik?

How do you turn a park

Kako pretvoriti park

into a place that people want to be?

u mesto na kom ljudi žele biti?

Well, it's up to you,

Pa, to je na vama,

not as a city planner but as a human being.

ne kao urbanisti, već kao ljudskom biću.

You don't tap into your design expertise.

Za ovo ne koristite dizajnerska znanja.

You tap into your humanity.

Ovde se radi sa humanošću.

I mean, would you want to go there?

Zaista, da li biste voleli otići tamo?

Would you want to stay there?

Da li biste tamo voleli da ostanete?

Can you see into it and out of it?

Možete li videti ka unutra i ka spolja?

Are there other people there?

Da li su tamo i drugi ljudi?

Does it seem green and friendly?

Da li se čini zelenim i prijateljskim?

Can you find your very own seat?

Da li možete sebi naći mesto za sedenje?

Well now, all over New York City,

Sada se širom Njujorka

there are places where you can

nalaze mesta gde možete

find your very own seat.

sebi naći mesto za sedenje.

Where there used to be parking spaces,

Tamo gde su nekada bili parkinzi,

there are now pop-up cafes.

sada su mali kafei.

Where Broadway traffic used to run,

Tamo kuda je saobraćaj Brodveja nekada prolazio,

there are now tables and chairs.

sada su stolovi i stolice.

Where 12 years ago, sidewalk cafes were not allowed,

Gde su pre 12 godina kafei na trotoaru bili zabranjeni,

they are now everywhere.

sada se nalaze svuda.

But claiming these spaces for public use

A pretvaranje ovih mesta u javna

was not simple,

nije bilo jednostavno,

and it's even harder to keep them that way.

i čak je teže održati ih.

So now I'm going to tell you a story

Sada ću vam ispričati priču

about a very unusual park called the High Line.

o veoma neobičnom parku Haj Lajn.

The High Line was an elevated railway.

Haj Lajn je bio uzdignuta pruga.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

The High Line was an elevated railway

Haj Lajn je bio uzdignuta pruga

that ran through three neighborhoods

koja je tekla kroz tri naselja

on Manhattan's West Side,

na zapadnoj strani Menhetna,

and when the train stopped running,

i kada je voz prestao da ide,

it became a self-seeded landscape,

ovo je zaraslo

a kind of a garden in the sky.

u nekakvu baštu na nebu.

And when I saw it the first time,

Kada sam to prvi put videla,

honestly, when I went up on that old viaduct,

iskreno, kada sam se prvi put popela,

I fell in love the way you fall in love with a person,

zaljubila sam se kao što se da zaljubiti u osobu,

honestly.

iskreno.

And when I was appointed,

I kada sam se zaposlila,

saving the first two sections of the High Line

spašavanje prve dve trase Haj Lajna

from demolition became my first priority

od rušenja je postao moj prioritet

and my most important project.

i moj najvažniji projekat.

I knew if there was a day that I didn't

Znala sam da kada samo jedan dan

worry about the High Line, it would come down.

ne bih brinula o Haj Lajnu, to bi bilo srušeno.

And the High Line,

A Haj Lajn,

even though it is widely known now

iako je to mesto slavno danas

and phenomenally popular,

i izuzetno popularno,

it is the most contested public space in the city.

je najosporeniji javni prostor u gradu.

You might see a beautiful park,

Vama se čini kao divan park,

but not everyone does.

ali ne misle svi tako.

You know, it's true, commercial interests

Znate, istina je, komercijalni interesi

will always battle against public space.

će se uvek boriti protiv javnih prostora.

You might say,

Možete reći:

"How wonderful it is that more than

"Divno je to što više

four million people come from all over the world

od četiri miliona ljudi iz celog sveta

to visit the High Line."

posećuje Haj Lajn."

Well, a developer sees just one thing: customers.

Ali investitor to vidi drugačije: klijenti.

Hey, why not take out those plantings

Zašto ne bismo iskopali ove biljke

and have shops all along the High Line?

i otvorili prodavnice duž Haj Lajna?

Wouldn't that be terrific

Zar ne bi bilo odlično

and won't it mean a lot more money for the city?

i donelo više novca gradu?

Well no, it would not be terrific.

Ne, to ne bi bilo odlično.

It would be a mall, and not a park.

To bi bio tržni centar, a ne park.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

And you know what, it might mean

I moglo bi značiti

more money for the city,

više novca za grad,

but a city has to take the long view,

ali grad mora planirati dugoročno,

the view for the common good.

za opšte dobro.

Most recently, the last section of the High Line,

Nedavno je krajnja trasa Haj Lajna,

the third section of the High Line,

to je treća trasa Haj Lajna,

the final section of the High Line,

krajnja trasa Haj Lajna,

has been pitted against development interests,

bila spašena od interesa investitora,

where some of the city's leading developers

gde je nekoliko vodećih gradskih investitora

are building more than 17 million square feet

gradilo više od 2 kvadratna kilometra

at the Hudson Yards.

na Hadson Jardsu.

And they came to me and proposed

Došli su i predložili mi

that they "temporarily disassemble"

da "privremeno demontiraju"

that third and final section.

tu treću, krajnju trasu.

Perhaps the High Line didn't fit in

Možda se Haj Lajn ne uklapa

with their image of a gleaming city of skyscrapers

u sliku svetlucavih gradskih nebodera

on a hill.

na brdu.

Perhaps it was just in their way.

Možda im je samo smetao.

But in any case, it took nine months

U svakom slučaju, trebalo je devet meseci

of nonstop daily negotiation

neprekidnih svakodnevnih pregovora

to finally get the signed agreement

da bi se konačno potpisala

to prohibit its demolition,

zabrana ovog rušenja,

and that was only two years ago.

i to je bilo pre samo dve godine.

So you see, no matter how popular

Vidite, bez obzira koliko je popularno

and successful a public space may be,

i uspešno neko javno mesto,

it can never be taken for granted.

ne može se uzeti zdravo za gotovo.

Public spaces always -- this is it saved --

Javnim mestima uvek - ako se sačuvaju -

public spaces always need vigilant champions,

javnim mestima su uvek potrebni budni borci,

not only to claim them at the outset for public use,

ne samo da ih sačuvaju za prvenstveno javnu upotrebu,

but to design them for the people that use them,

već da ih projektuju za korisnike,

then to maintain them to ensure

a zatim održavaju da bi bili sigurni

that they are for everyone,

da su za svakog,

that they are not violated, invaded,

da nisu narušena, demolirana,

abandoned or ignored.

napuštena ili zanemarena.

If there is any one lesson

Ako postoji jedna lekcija

that I have learned in my life as a city planner,

koju sam naučila u svom urbanističkom radu,

it is that public spaces have power.

to je da javna mesta imaju moć.

It's not just the number of people using them,

Nju ne čini samo broj korisnika,

it's the even greater number of people

nego mnogo veći broj ljudi

who feel better about their city

koji se osećaju bolje u svom gradu

just knowing that they are there.

samim tim što su tamo.

Public space can change how you live in a city,

Javna mesta mogu promeniti to kako živite u gradu,

how you feel about a city,

kako se u njemu osećate,

whether you choose one city over another,

koji grad ćete odabrati,

and public space is one of the most important reasons

i javno mesto je jedno od najbitnijih razloga

why you stay in a city.

zašto u gradu ostajete.

I believe that a successful city

Verujem da je uspešan grad

is like a fabulous party.

kao odlična žurka.

People stay because they are having a great time.

Ljudi ostaju jer se sjajno provode.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

Thank you. (Applause)

Hvala. (Aplauz)