Amanda Burden: How public spaces make cities work

553,743 views ใƒป 2014-04-07

TED


ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ.

ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…: Abd Al-Rahman Al-Azhurry ุงู„ู…ุฏู‚ู‘ู‚: khalid marbou
00:13
When people think about cities,
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ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠููƒุฑ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†
00:14
they tend to think of certain things.
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ูุฅู†ู‡ู… ูŠู…ูŠู„ูˆู† ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชููƒูŠุฑ ููŠ ุฃุดูŠุงุก ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ.
00:17
They think of buildings and streets
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ูู‡ู… ูŠููƒุฑูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุจุงู†ูŠ ูˆุงู„ุดูˆุงุฑุน
00:19
and skyscrapers, noisy cabs.
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ูˆู†ุงุทุญุงุช ุงู„ุณุญุงุจุŒ ูˆุถุฌูŠุฌ ุณูŠุงุฑุงุช ุงู„ุฃุฌุฑุฉ.
00:21
But when I think about cities,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุฃููƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†
00:23
I think about people.
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ูุฃู†ุง ุฃูููƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ.
00:25
Cities are fundamentally about people,
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ุงู„ู…ุฏู† ู…ุฑุชูƒุฒุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ
00:29
and where people go
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ูˆุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชูˆุฌู‡ูˆู† ุฅู„ูŠู‡ุง
00:31
and where people meet
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ูˆุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠู„ุชู‚ูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง
00:32
are at the core of what makes a city work.
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ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ู„ู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ.
00:35
So even more important than buildings in a city
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ุงู„ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุฃู‡ู…ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุจุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุชุฎู„ู„ู‡ุง
00:39
are the public spaces in between them.
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ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ููŠู…ุง ุจูŠู†ู‡ุง.
00:42
And today, some of the most transformative
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ูˆุงู„ูŠูˆู…ุŒ ูุฅู† ู…ุนุธู… ุงู„ุชุบูŠุฑุงุช
00:44
changes in cities
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ุงู„ุชุญูˆูŠู„ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†
00:46
are happening in these public spaces.
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ุชุญุฏุซ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ.
00:49
So I believe that lively, enjoyable public spaces
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ู„ูŠุฆุฉ ุจุงู„ุญูŠูˆูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ู…ุชุนุฉ
00:53
are the key to planning a great city.
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ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูุชุงุญ ู„ุชุฎุทูŠุท ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ุฑุงุฆุนุฉ.
00:56
They are what makes it come alive.
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ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุฌุนู„ ุงู„ู…ุฏู† ุชู†ุจุถ ุจุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ.
01:00
But what makes a public space work?
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ู„ูƒู† ู…ุง ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุฌุนู„ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ุชุฒุฏู‡ุฑุŸ
01:03
What attracts people to successful public spaces,
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ู…ุง ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุฌุฐุจ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุงุฌุญุฉุŸ
01:07
and what is it about unsuccessful places
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ูˆู…ุงุฐุง ุนู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ู†ุงุฌุญุฉ
01:09
that keeps people away?
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ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชูุจู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุจุนูŠุฏู‹ุงุŸ
01:12
I thought, if I could answer those questions,
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ุงุนุชู‚ุฏุช ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ุงุณุชุทุนุช ุงู„ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ ุนู† ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ
01:15
I could make a huge contribution to my city.
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ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ูŠ ุฃู† ุฃูุณุงู‡ู… ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ููŠ ู…ุฏูŠู†ุชูŠ.
01:19
But one of the more wonky things about me
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุฒุนุฒุนู†ูŠ
01:21
is that I am an animal behaviorist,
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ู‡ูˆ ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ุนุงู„ู…ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุณู„ูˆูƒ ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ูŠ
01:25
and I use those skills not to study animal behavior
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ูˆุฃู†ุง ู„ุง ุฃุณุชุฎุฏู… ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ู‡ุงุฑุงุช ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุงู„ุณู„ูˆูƒ ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ูŠ
01:29
but to study how people in cities
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ูƒูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ู„ู†ุงุณ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†
01:31
use city public spaces.
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ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ.
01:34
One of the first spaces that I studied
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ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฏุฑุณุชู‡ุง
01:37
was this little vest pocket park called Paley Park
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ูƒุงู†ุช ุญุฏูŠู‚ุฉ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ุชุฏุนู‰ ุจุงู„ูŠ ุจุงุฑูƒ
01:40
in midtown Manhattan.
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ููŠ ูˆุณุท ู…ุงู†ู‡ุงุชู†.
01:43
This little space became a small phenomenon,
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ุฃุตุจุญุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุญุฉ ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ุธุงู‡ุฑุฉ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉุŒ
01:47
and because it had such a profound impact
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ูˆู„ุฃู†ู‡ ูƒุงู† ู„ู‡ุง ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃุซุฑ ุงู„ุนู…ูŠู‚
01:50
on New Yorkers,
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ุนู„ู‰ ุณูƒุงู† ู†ูŠูˆูŠูˆุฑูƒ
01:51
it made an enormous impression on me.
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ูƒูˆู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู†ุทุจุงุนู‹ุง ู‚ูˆูŠู‹ุง ู„ุฏูŠ
01:55
I studied this park very early on in my career
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ุฏุฑุณุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠู‚ุฉ ููŠ ูˆู‚ุช ู…ุจูƒุฑ ู…ู† ู…ุณูŠุฑุชูŠ ุงู„ู…ู‡ู†ูŠุฉ
01:58
because it happened to have been built
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ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุจูู†ูŠุช
01:59
by my stepfather,
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ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ุฒูˆุฌ ุฃู…ูŠ
02:01
so I knew that places like Paley Park
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ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูุฃู†ุง ุฃุนุฑู ุฃู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุดุจู‡ ุจุงู„ูŠ ุจุงุฑูƒ
02:04
didn't happen by accident.
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ู„ู… ุชู†ุดุฃ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุตุฏูุฉ.
02:06
I saw firsthand that they required
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ุฑุฃูŠุช ู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชุชุทู„ุจ
02:09
incredible dedication
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ุชูุงู†ูŠู‹ุง ูƒุจูŠุฑู‹ุง ุฌุฏู‹ุง
02:10
and enormous attention to detail.
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ูˆุงู‡ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุง ู‡ุงุฆู„ู‹ุง ุจุงู„ุชูุงุตูŠู„.
02:13
But what was it about this space
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ู…ุง ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ
02:15
that made it special and drew people to it?
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ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุฌุนู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ู…ู…ูŠุฒู‹ุงุŒ ูˆูˆุฌู‡ุฉู‹ ู„ู„ู†ุงุณุŸ
02:19
Well, I would sit in the park and watch very carefully,
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุงุŒ ูƒู†ุช ุฃุฌู„ุณ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠู‚ุฉ ูˆุฃุฑุงู‚ุจ ุจุชู…ุนู†ุŒ
02:21
and first among other things
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ุฃูˆู„ู‹ุง ู…ู† ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุกู ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰
02:23
were the comfortable, movable chairs.
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ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ูƒุฑุงุณูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุญุฉ ูˆุงู„ู‚ุงุจู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุชุญุฑูƒ.
02:26
People would come in, find their own seat,
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ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ูŠุฃุชูˆู† ูˆูŠุฌุฏูˆู† ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุนุฏ ุงู„ุฎุงุตุฉ ุจู‡ู…ุŒ
02:29
move it a bit, actually, and then stay a while,
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ูŠุญุฑูƒูˆู†ู‡ุง ู‚ู„ูŠู„ู‹ุงุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุนุŒ ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ูŠู…ุถูˆู† ุจุนุถ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุชุŒ
02:32
and then interestingly,
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ุซู… ุงู„ู…ุซูŠุฑ ู„ู„ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ
02:34
people themselves attracted other people,
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ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุฃู†ูุณู‡ู… ูŠุฌุฐุจูˆู† ุฃู†ุงุณู‹ุง ุขุฎุฑูŠู†ุŒ
02:37
and ironically, I felt more peaceful
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ูˆุงู„ู…ูุงุฑู‚ุฉ ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ุฃุดุนุฑ ุจุงู„ุฃู…ุงู† ุฃูƒุซุฑ
02:40
if there were other people around.
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ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุขุฎุฑูŠู† ุญูˆู„ูŠ.
02:42
And it was green.
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ูˆูƒุงู†ุช ุฎุถุฑุงุก.
02:44
This little park provided what New Yorkers crave:
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ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ุชู‚ุฏู… ู…ุง ูŠุญุชุงุฌ ุฅู„ูŠู‡ ุณูƒุงู† ู†ูŠูˆูŠูˆุฑูƒ
02:48
comfort and greenery.
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ุงู„ุฑุงุญุฉ ูˆุงู„ู…ุณุงุญุงุช ุงู„ุฎุถุฑุงุก.
02:50
But my question was,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุณุคุงู„ูŠ ูƒุงู†ุŒ
02:52
why weren't there more places with greenery
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ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ู„ุง ุชูˆุฌุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุฎุถุฑุงุก
02:55
and places to sit in the middle of the city
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ูˆุฃู…ุงูƒู† ู„ู„ุฌู„ูˆุณ ููŠ ูˆุณุท ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ
02:57
where you didn't feel alone,
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ุญูŠุซ ู„ุง ุชุดุนุฑ ุจุงู„ูˆุญุฏุฉุŒ
03:00
or like a trespasser?
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ุฃูˆ ูƒุดุฎุตู ุขุซู…ุŸ
03:02
Unfortunately, that's not how cities
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ู„ู„ุฃุณูุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ูŠุณุช ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ
03:05
were being designed.
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ุชุตู…ู… ุจู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ุฏู†.
03:07
So here you see a familiar sight.
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ู‡ูู†ุง ุชุดุงู‡ุฏูˆู† ู…ุดู‡ุฏู‹ุง ู…ุฃู„ูˆูู‹ุง.
03:10
This is how plazas have been designed for generations.
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ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ุชูุตู…ู… ุจู‡ุง ุงู„ุณุงุญุงุช ู„ุนุฏุฉ ุฃุฌูŠุงู„.
03:15
They have that stylish, Spartan look
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ู„ุฏูŠู‡ู… ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุทุฑุงุฒ ุงู„ุฃู†ูŠู‚ุŒ ูˆุงู„ู†ุธุฑุฉ ุงู„ุจุณูŠุทุฉ
03:18
that we often associate with modern architecture,
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ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุฑุจุทู‡ุง ููŠ ู…ุนุธู… ุงู„ุฃูˆู‚ุงุช ุจุงู„ุนู…ุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซุฉ
03:21
but it's not surprising that people
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ูˆู„ูƒู†ู‡ ู„ูŠุณ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุณุชุบุฑุจ ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ
03:24
avoid spaces like this.
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ูŠุชุฌู†ุจูˆู† ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู†.
03:26
They not only look desolate,
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ูู‡ูŠ ู„ุง ุชุจุฏูˆ ู…ู‚ูุฑุฉ ูุญุณุจ
03:28
they feel downright dangerous.
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ูู‡ูŠ ุชุจุฏูˆ ุฎุทูŠุฑุฉ ุจุตุฑุงุญุฉ.
03:30
I mean, where would you sit here?
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ุฃุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ุฃูŠู† ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุฃู† ุชุฌู„ุณ ู‡ู†ุงุŸ
03:34
What would you do here?
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ู…ุงุฐุง ุณุชูุนู„ ู‡ู†ุงุŸ
03:36
But architects love them.
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู…ู‡ู†ุฏุณูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุนู…ุงุฑูŠูŠู† ูŠุญุจูˆู†ู‡ู….
03:40
They are plinths for their creations.
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ู‡ู… ุงู„ู‚ุงุนุฏุฉ ุงู„ุญุฌุฑูŠุฉ ู„ุฅุจุฏุงุนุงุชู‡ู…
03:43
They might tolerate a sculpture or two,
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ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ู‚ุฏ ุชุชุถู…ู† ู…ู†ุญูˆุชุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงุซู†ุชูŠู†
03:45
but that's about it.
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุฐู„ูƒ ูู‚ุท ู…ุง ุชุญุชูˆูŠู‡.
03:47
And for developers, they are ideal.
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ูˆู‡ูŠ ู…ุซุงู„ูŠุฉ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุทูˆุฑูŠู†
03:50
There's nothing to water, nothing to maintain,
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ู„ุง ุญุงุฌุฉ ู„ุณู‚ุงูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุฑุนุงูŠุฉ ุฃูŠ ุดูŠุก
03:52
and no undesirable people to worry about.
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ูˆู„ุง ูŠูˆุฌุฏ ุฃู†ุงุณ ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุฑุบูˆุจ ููŠู‡ู… ู„ู†ู‚ู„ู‚ ุจุดุฃู†ู‡ู…
03:56
But don't you think this is a waste?
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุฃู„ุง ุชุนุชู‚ุฏูˆู† ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุถูŠุนุฉุŸ
04:00
For me, becoming a city planner
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ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ูŠุŒ ุฃู† ุฃุตุจุญ ู…ุฎุทุทุฉ ู…ุฏู†
04:02
meant being able to truly change the city
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ูƒุงู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ุฃุตุจุญุช ู‚ุงุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุนู…ู„ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุฌุฐุฑูŠ ููŠ ู…ุฏูŠู†ุชูŠ
04:05
that I lived in and loved.
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ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฃุญุจุจุชู‡ุง ูˆุนุดุช ููŠู‡ุง.
04:07
I wanted to be able to create places
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ุฃุฑุฏุช ุฃู† ุฃูƒูˆู† ู‚ุงุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุจู†ุงุก ุฃู…ุงูƒู†
04:10
that would give you the feeling that you got
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ู…ู† ุดุฃู†ู‡ุง ุฃู† ุชุนุทูŠูƒ ุงู„ุดุนูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุชุญุตู„
04:12
in Paley Park,
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ุนู„ูŠู‡ ููŠ ุจุงู„ูŠ ุจุงุฑูƒ
04:13
and not allow developers to build bleak plazas like this.
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ูˆู…ู†ุน ุงู„ู…ุทูˆุฑูŠู† ู…ู† ุจู†ุงุก ุณุงุญุงุช ู…ูƒุดูˆูุฉ ูƒู‡ุฐู‡.
04:18
But over the many years,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฏู‰ ุณู†ูˆุงุช ุนุฏูŠุฏุฉ
04:19
I have learned how hard it is
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ุชุนู„ู…ุชู ู…ุฏู‰ ุตุนูˆุจุฉ
04:22
to create successful, meaningful,
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ุฅู†ุดุงุก ุณุงุญุงุชู ุนุงู…ุฉู ู†ุงุฌุญุฉู
04:25
enjoyable public spaces.
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ูˆู…ุฌุฏูŠุฉู ูˆุชุฑููŠู‡ูŠุฉ.
04:27
As I learned from my stepfather,
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ูƒู…ุง ุชุนู„ู…ุช ู…ู† ุฒูˆุฌ ุฃู…ูŠ
04:28
they certainly do not happen by accident,
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ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุจุงู„ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏ ู„ุง ุชู†ุดุฃ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุตุฏูุฉ
04:30
especially in a city like New York,
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ุจุงู„ุฃุฎุต ููŠ ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ูƒู†ูŠูˆูŠูˆุฑูƒ
04:33
where public space has to be fought for to begin with,
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ุญูŠุซ ุชู†ุงุถู„ ุงู„ุณุงุญุงุช ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ู…ู† ุฃุฌู„ ุฃู† ุชูู†ุดุฃ
04:37
and then for them to be successful,
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ู„ุชูƒูˆู† ู†ุงุฌุญุฉ
04:39
somebody has to think very hard
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ุนู„ู‰ ุดุฎุต ู…ุง ุฃู† ูŠููƒุฑ ู…ู„ูŠู‹ุง
04:41
about every detail.
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ุจูƒู„ ุงู„ุชูุงุตูŠู„.
04:43
Now, open spaces in cities are opportunities.
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ุงู„ุขู†ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุญุงุช ุงู„ู…ูุชูˆุญุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏู† ุจู…ุซุงุจุฉ ููุฑุต
04:47
Yes, they are opportunities for commercial investment,
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ู†ุนู… ู‡ูŠ ูุฑุต ู„ุงุณุชุซู…ุงุฑุงุช ุงู„ุชุฌุงุฑูŠุฉ
04:50
but they are also opportunities for the common good
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ู„ูƒู†ู‡ุง ุชุดูƒู„ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ูุฑุตู‹ุง ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ุญุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ
04:54
of the city,
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ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ
04:56
and those two goals are often not aligned with one another,
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ูˆุบุงู„ุจู‹ุง ู…ุง ู„ุง ูŠุชู…ุงุดู‰ ู‡ุฐุงู† ุงู„ู‡ุฏูุงู† ู…ุน ุจุนุถู‡ู…ุง
04:59
and therein lies the conflict.
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ูˆู‡ู†ุง ูŠูƒู…ู† ุงู„ุตุฑุงุน.
05:02
The first opportunity I had to fight
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ุฃูˆู„ ูุฑุตุฉ ุฃุชูŠุญุช ู„ูŠ ู„ู„ู…ู†ุงุถู„ุฉ
05:05
for a great public open space was in the early 1980s,
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ู„ุฃุฌู„ ู…ุณุงุญุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ูุชูˆุญุฉ ูƒุงู†ุช ููŠ ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุงุช
05:08
when I was leading a team of planners
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ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ูƒู†ุช ู‚ุงุฆุฏุฉ ูุฑูŠู‚ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฎุทุทูŠู†
05:10
at a gigantic landfill called Battery Park City
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ููŠ ู…ูƒุจ ุถุฎู… ู„ู„ู†ูุงูŠุงุช ูŠุฏุนู‰ ุจุงุชุฑูŠ ุจุงุฑูƒ ุณูŠุชูŠ
05:13
in lower Manhattan on the Hudson River.
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ููŠ ู…ุงู†ู‡ุงุชู† ุงู„ุณูู„ู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ู‡ุฑ ู‡ุฏุณูˆู†.
05:16
And this sandy wasteland had lain barren
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ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ูุงุฑ ุงู„ุฑู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู‚ุฏ ุตุงุฑุช ุฌุฑุฏุงุก
05:19
for 10 years,
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ู„ุนุดุฑ ุณู†ูˆุงุช
05:20
and we were told, unless we found a developer
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ูˆู‚ูŠู„ ู„ู†ุงุŒ ุฅู„ุง ุฅุฐุง ูˆุฌุฏู†ุง ู…ุทูˆุฑ
05:23
in six months, it would go bankrupt.
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ููŠ ุบุถูˆู† ุณุชุฉ ุฃุดู‡ุฑุŒ ูุฅู†ู‡ุง ุณูˆู ุชูู„ุณ
05:25
So we came up with a radical,
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ุญุชู‰ ุชูˆุตู„ู†ุง ู„ููƒุฑุฉ ู…ุชุทุฑูุฉ
05:27
almost insane idea.
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ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ููƒุฑุฉ ุฌู†ูˆู†ูŠุฉ
05:29
Instead of building a park
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ุจุฏู„ุง ู…ู† ุจู†ุงุก ุญุฏูŠู‚ุฉ
05:31
as a complement to future development,
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ูƒุชูƒู…ู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุชู†ู…ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„
05:34
why don't we reverse that equation
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ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ู„ุง ู†ุนูƒุณ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ
05:36
and build a small but very high-quality
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ูˆู†ุจู†ูŠ ุจู†ุงุก ุตุบูŠุฑ ูˆู„ูƒู† ุฐุงุช ุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ
05:39
public open space first,
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ู„ุญุฏูŠู‚ุฉ ุนุงู…ุฉ ู…ูุชูˆุญุฉ ูƒุดูŠุก ุฃูˆู„ูŠ
05:41
and see if that made a difference.
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ูˆู†ุฑู‰ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุณูŠุญุฏุซ ูุฑู‚ู‹ุง
05:44
So we only could afford to build a two-block section
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ูˆู„ุฐุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุฃู† ุชุถุน ุงู„ู„ุจู†ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ
05:48
of what would become a mile-long esplanade,
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ู„ู…ู†ุชุฒู‡ ุทูˆู„ู‡ ู…ูŠู„
05:51
so whatever we built had to be perfect.
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ู„ุฐุง ุฃูŠุง ูƒุงู† ู…ุง ุจู†ูŠู†ุงู‡ ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุซุงู„ูŠู‹ุง
05:54
So just to make sure, I insisted
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ูˆุฐู„ูƒ ูู‚ุท ู„ู„ุชุฃูƒุฏุŒ ูˆุฃู†ุง ุฃุตุฑ ุนู„ู‰
05:57
that we build a mock-up
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ุฃู† ู†ุจู†ูŠ ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌุง
05:59
in wood, at scale, of the railing and the sea wall.
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ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎุดุจุŒ ูˆุนู„ู‰ ู†ุทุงู‚ ูˆุงุณุนุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฌ ูˆุงู„ุฃุณูˆุงุฑ ุงู„ุจุญุฑูŠุฉ
06:03
And when I sat down on that test bench
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ูˆุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุฌู„ุณุช ุนู„ู‰ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุนุฏ ุงู„ุชุฌุฑูŠุจูŠุฉ
06:06
with sand still swirling all around me,
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ูˆุงู„ุฑู…ุงู„ ู„ุง ูŠุฒุงู„ ูŠู†ุณุงุจ ู…ู† ุญูˆู„ูŠุŒ
06:09
the railing hit exactly at eye level,
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ุฑุคูŠุฉ ุถุจุงุจูŠุฉ ุชุดูˆุด ุงู„ุจุตุฑ
06:12
blocking my view and ruining my experience
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ุชุญุฌุจ ุฑุคูŠุชูŠ ูˆุชุฏู…ุฑ ุฎุจุฑุชูŠ
06:15
at the water's edge.
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ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุทุงู
06:18
So you see, details really do make a difference.
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุชุฑู‰ ุชูุงุตูŠู„ ุชุญุฏุซ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุฑุถ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน
06:21
But design is not just how something looks,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุชุตู…ูŠู… ู„ูŠุณ ูู‚ุท ูƒูŠู ุชุจุฏูˆ ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก
06:25
it's how your body feels on that seat in that space,
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ุฅู†ู‡ุง ูƒูŠู ูŠุดุนุฑ ุฌุณู…ูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ู‚ุนุฏ ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู†
06:31
and I believe that successful design always depends
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ูˆุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู† ุงู„ุชุตู…ูŠู… ุงู„ู†ุงุฌุญ ูŠุนุชู…ุฏ ุฏุงุฆู…ุง
06:34
on that very individual experience.
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ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฎุจุฑุฉ ุงู„ูุฑุฏูŠุฉ
06:37
In this photo, everything looks very finished,
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ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉุŒ ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ูŠุจุฏูˆ ู…ูƒุชู…ู„
06:42
but that granite edge, those lights,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุญุงูุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฑุงู†ูŠุชุŒ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฃุถูˆุงุก
06:44
the back on that bench,
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ุฎู„ููŠุฉ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุนุฏ
06:46
the trees in planting,
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ุงู„ุฃุดุฌุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฒุฑูˆุนุฉ
06:48
and the many different kinds of places to sit
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ูˆุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู„ู„ุฌู„ูˆุณ
06:51
were all little battles that turned this project
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ูƒุงู†ุช ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู…ุนุงุฑูƒ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ุชุญูˆู„ุช ุฅู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุดุฑูˆุน
06:54
into a place that people wanted to be.
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ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ูƒุงู† ูŠุฑูŠุฏ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุฃู† ูŠุชูˆุงุฌุฏูˆุง ููŠู‡
06:58
Now, this proved very valuable 20 years later
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ุงู„ุขู†ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃุซุจุช ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ุงู„ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠุฉ
07:02
when Michael Bloomberg asked me to be
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ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุทู„ุจ ู…ู†ูŠ ู…ุงูŠูƒู„ ุจู„ูˆู…ุจุฑุฌ ุฃู† ุฃูƒูˆู†
07:04
his planning commissioner
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ู…ููˆุถุฉ ุงู„ุชุฎุทูŠุท
07:05
and put me in charge of shaping
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ูˆุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุชุฎุทูŠุท
07:07
the entire city of New York.
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ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ู†ูŠูˆูŠูˆุฑูƒ ุจุงู„ูƒุงู…ู„
07:09
And he said to me on that very day,
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ูˆู‚ุงู„ ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
07:11
he said that New York was projected
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ู‚ุงู„ "ูƒุงู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุชูˆู‚ุน ู†ู…ูˆ ุณูƒุงู† ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ู†ูŠูˆูŠูˆุฑูƒ
07:13
to grow from eight to nine million people.
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ู…ู† ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุชุณุนุฉ ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ู†ุณู…ุฉ"
07:16
And he asked me,
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ูˆุณุฃู„ู†ูŠ
07:18
"So where are you going to put
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ู„ุฐุง ุฃูŠู† ุณูˆู ุชุถุนูŠู†
07:20
one million additional New Yorkers?"
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ุงู„ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุงู„ุฅุถุงููŠ ู…ู† ุณูƒุงู† ู†ูŠูˆูŠูˆุฑูƒ
07:22
Well, I didn't have any idea.
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุงุŒ ู„ู… ุชูƒู† ู„ุฏูŠ ุฃูŠ ููƒุฑุฉ.
07:25
Now, you know that New York does
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ุงู„ุขู†ุŒ ุชุนู„ู…ูˆู† ุฃู† ู†ูŠูˆูŠูˆุฑูƒ
07:28
place a high value on attracting immigrants,
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ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ุชุฌุฐุจ ุงู„ู…ู‡ุงุฌุฑูŠู†
07:31
so we were excited about the prospect of growth,
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูƒู†ุง ู…ุชุญู…ุณูˆู† ู„ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆ
07:34
but honestly, where were we going to grow
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุจุตุฑุงุญุฉุŒ ุฃูŠู† ุณูŠุชุฒุงูŠุฏ ุงู„ุนุฏุฏ
07:37
in a city that was already built out to its edges
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ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุจู†ูŠุช ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุญุฏูˆุฏู‡ุง
07:40
and surrounded by water?
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ูˆู…ุญุงุทุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ูŠุงู‡
07:43
How were we going to find housing
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ูƒูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู„ุนุซูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒู†
07:44
for that many new New Yorkers?
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ู„ู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุณูƒุงู† ู†ูŠูˆูŠูˆุฑูƒ ุงู„ุฌุฏุฏุŸ
07:47
And if we couldn't spread out,
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ูˆุฅุฐุง ู„ู… ู†ุชู…ูƒู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุงู†ุชุดุงุฑ
07:49
which was probably a good thing,
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ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ุฑุจู…ุง ูƒุงู† ุฃู…ุฑู‹ุง ุฌูŠุฏู‹ุง
07:50
where could new housing go?
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ุฃูŠู† ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชุฐู‡ุจ ุงู„ูˆุญุฏุงุช ุงู„ุณูƒู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉุŸ
07:53
And what about cars?
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ูˆู…ุงุฐุง ุนู† ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุงุชุŸ
07:55
Our city couldn't possibly handle any more cars.
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ู…ุฏูŠู†ุชู†ุง ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุงุช.
07:59
So what were we going to do?
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ู„ุฐุง ู…ุง ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡ุŸ
08:02
If we couldn't spread out, we had to go up.
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ุฅุฐุง ู„ู… ู†ุชู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุชู…ุฏุฏ ุนุฑุถูŠุงุŒ ูุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุงู„ุชู…ุฏุฏ ุทูˆู„ูŠุง
08:06
And if we had to go up,
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ูˆูŠุฌุจ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุงู„ุชู…ุฏุฏ ุทูˆู„ูŠุง
08:07
we had to go up in places
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ูˆูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุชู…ุฏุฏ ุทูˆู„ูŠุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู†
08:09
where you wouldn't need to own a car.
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ุญูŠุซ ู„ู† ุชุญุชุงุฌ ู„ุงู…ุชู„ุงูƒ ุณูŠุงุฑุฉ.
08:11
So that meant using one of our greatest assets:
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ุจุญูŠุซ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ุฃุนุธู… ุฃุตูˆู„ู†ุง
08:13
our transit system.
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ู†ุธุงู… ุงู„ู†ู‚ู„ ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง.
08:16
But we had never before thought
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ู„ูƒู†ู†ุง ู„ู… ู†ูููƒุฑ ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„
08:17
of how we could make the most of it.
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ููŠ ูƒูŠููŠุฉ ุงุณุชุบู„ุงู„ู†ุง ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุจุฃู‚ุตู‰ ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู†ุฉ
08:20
So here was the answer to our puzzle.
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู‡ู†ุง ุชูƒู…ู† ุงู„ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุญุฌูŠุฉ.
08:23
If we were to channel and redirect
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ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุง ุจุฅู…ูƒุงู†ู†ุง ุชูˆุฌูŠู‡ ูˆุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ
08:27
all new development around transit,
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ูƒู„ ุงู„ุชุทูˆุฑุงุช ุงู„ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ู†ู‚ู„
08:29
we could actually handle that population increase,
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ุจุฅู…ูƒุงู†ู†ุง ุงู„ุชุนุงู…ู„ ู…ุน ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุณูƒุงู†ูŠุฉ
08:32
we thought.
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ุญุณุจ ุงุนุชู‚ุงุฏู†ุง.
08:34
And so here was the plan,
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ูˆู„ุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ุฎุทุฉ
08:36
what we really needed to do:
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ู…ุง ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุฌุจ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุนู…ู„ู‡ ุจุงู„ูุนู„
08:38
We needed to redo our zoning --
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ู†ุญู† ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุชู‚ุณูŠู… ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง
08:41
and zoning is the city planner's regulatory tool --
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ูˆุชู‚ุณูŠู… ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ู‡ูˆ ุฃุฏุงุฉ ุชู†ุธูŠู…ูŠุฉ ู„ู…ุฎุทุท ุงู„ู…ุฏู†
08:44
and basically reshape the entire city,
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ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณ ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุชุดูƒูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ุจุฃูƒู…ู„ู‡ุง
08:47
targeting where new development could go
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ุจุงุณุชู‡ุฏุงู ุฃูŠู† ุณุชู‚ุน ุงู„ุชุทูˆุฑุงุช ุงู„ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ
08:50
and prohibiting any development at all
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ูˆู…ู†ุน ุฃูŠ ุชุทูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฅุทู„ุงู‚
08:52
in our car-oriented,
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ููŠ ู…ู†ุญู‰ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุงุช
08:54
suburban-style neighborhoods.
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ุนู„ู‰ ุบุฑุงุฑ ุฃุญูŠุงุก ุงู„ุถูˆุงุญูŠ
08:56
Well, this was an unbelievably ambitious idea,
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ุญุณู†ุงุŒ ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ููƒุฑุฉ ุทู…ูˆุญุฉ ู„ุง ุชุตุฏู‚
08:59
ambitious because communities
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ุทู…ูˆุญ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุนุงุช
09:02
had to approve those plans.
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ูŠุฌุจ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุฃู† ุชูˆุงูู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฎุทุท
09:06
So how was I going to get this done?
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ู„ุฐุง ูƒูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ูŠ ุฃู† ุฃูุนู„ ุฐู„ูƒุŸ
09:09
By listening. So I began listening,
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ุจุงู„ุงุณุชู…ุงุนุŒ ู„ุฐุง ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏุฃุช ุจุงู„ุงุณุชู…ุงุน
09:12
in fact, thousands of hours of listening
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ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉุŒ ุขู„ุงู ุงู„ุณุงุนุงุช ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุณุชู…ุงุน
09:15
just to establish trust.
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ูู‚ุท ู…ู† ุฃุฌู„ ุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ุซู‚ุฉ
09:17
You know, communities can tell
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ุชุนู„ู…ูˆู†ุŒ ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุนุงุช ุชูˆุถุญ ู„ู†ุง
09:19
whether or not you understand their neighborhoods.
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ู…ุง ุฅู† ูƒู†ุช ุชูู‡ู… ุฃุญูŠุงุฆู‡ุง
09:21
It's not something you can just fake.
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ู‡ูˆ ุดูŠุก ู„ุง ุชุณุชุทูŠุน ุฃู† ุชุฒูŠูู‡
09:24
And so I began walking.
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ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ุจุฏุฃุช ุงู„ู…ุดูŠ.
09:27
I can't tell you how many blocks I walked,
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ู„ุณุช ู‚ุงุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุชุญุฏูŠุฏ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงุก ุงู„ุชูŠ ุณุฑุชู‡ุง
09:29
in sweltering summers, in freezing winters,
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ููŠ ุญุฑ ุงู„ุตูŠู ูˆููŠ ุจุฑุฏ ุงู„ุดุชุงุก
09:32
year after year,
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ุณู†ุฉ ุชู„ูˆุง ุฃุฎุฑู‰
09:34
just so I could get to understand
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ูˆูู‚ุท ู‡ูƒุฐุง ุตุฑุช ู‚ุงุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูู‡ู…
09:36
the DNA of each neighborhood
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ุงู„ุชูƒูˆูŠู† ู„ูƒู„ ุญูŠ
09:38
and know what each street felt like.
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ูˆุฃุนู„ู… ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุดุนูˆุฑ ูƒู„ ุดุงุฑุน
09:41
I became an incredibly geeky zoning expert,
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ุฃุตุจุญุช ุฎุจูŠุฑุฉ ุจุชู‚ุณูŠู… ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ุจุดูƒู„ ู‡ุงุฆู„
09:45
finding ways that zoning could address
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ู„ุฅูŠุฌุงุฏ ุทุฑู‚ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุจู‡ุง ู„ู„ุชู†ุทูŠู‚ ุญู„
09:47
communities' concerns.
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ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠุฉ
09:49
So little by little, neighborhood by neighborhood,
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ู„ุฐุง ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‚ู„ูŠุฉ ูˆู…ู† ุญูŠ ู„ุขุฎุฑ
09:51
block by block,
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ูˆู…ู† ุจู†ุงูŠุฉ ู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰
09:53
we began to set height limits
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ุจุฏุฃู†ุง ุจูˆุถุน ุงู„ุญุฏูˆุฏ ุงู„ุทูˆู„ูŠุฉ
09:55
so that all new development
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ูˆุจุฐู„ูƒ ูุฅู† ุฃูŠ ุชุทูˆุฑ ุฌุฏูŠุฏ
09:56
would be predictable and near transit.
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ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุชูˆู‚ุนุง ูˆุนู„ู‰ ูˆุดูƒ ุงู„ุชุญูˆู„
10:00
Over the course of 12 years,
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ุนุจุฑ 12 ุณู†ุฉ
10:02
we were able to rezone
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ูƒู†ุง ู‚ุงุฏุฑูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุชู‚ุณูŠู…
10:04
124 neighborhoods,
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124 ุญูŠ
10:07
40 percent of the city,
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40% ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ
10:09
12,500 blocks, so that now,
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12,500 ุจู†ุงูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฃู†
10:14
90 percent of all new development of New York
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90% ู…ู† ุงู„ุชุทูˆุฑุงุช ุงู„ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ููŠ ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ู†ูŠูˆูŠูˆุฑูƒ
10:17
is within a 10-minute walk of a subway.
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ุชุจุนุฏ 10 ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ู…ุดูŠ ู…ู† ู…ุญุทุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุทุงุฑ
10:20
In other words, nobody in those new buildings
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ูˆุจุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŒ ู„ุง ุฃุญุฏ ููŠ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุจุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ
10:23
needs to own a car.
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ูŠุญุชุงุฌ ู„ุฃู† ูŠู…ุชู„ูƒ ุณูŠุงุฑุฉ
10:24
Well, those rezonings were exhausting
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุงุŒ ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุชู‚ุณูŠู… ุชู„ูƒ ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ุฑู‡ู‚ุฉ
10:29
and enervating and important,
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ู…ู‡ู„ูƒุฉ ูˆู‡ุงู…ุฉ
10:32
but rezoning was never my mission.
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุชู‚ุณูŠู… ู„ู… ุชูƒู† ู…ู‡ู…ุชูŠ
10:34
You can't see zoning and you can't feel zoning.
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ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฑุคูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ูˆู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุดุนูˆุฑ ุจู‡ุง
10:38
My mission was always to create
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ู…ู‡ู…ุชูŠ ูƒุงู† ุฏูˆู…ู‹ุง ููŠ ุชูƒูˆูŠู†
10:40
great public spaces.
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ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุนุงู…ุฉ ุฑุงุฆุนุฉ
10:42
So in the areas where we zoned for significant development,
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ู„ุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฎูุทุทุช ู„ุชุทูˆุฑุงุช ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉุŒ
10:45
I was determined to create places
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ูƒู†ุช ู…ุตู…ู…ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฅู†ุดุงุก ุฃู…ุงูƒู†
10:48
that would make a difference in people's lives.
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ู…ู† ุดุฃู†ู‡ุง ุฃู† ุชุตู†ุน ูุงุฑู‚ ููŠ ุญูŠุงุฉ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ
10:50
Here you see what was
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ู‡ู†ุง ุชุดุงู‡ุฏูˆู† ู…ุง ุญุฏุซ
10:52
two miles of abandoned, degraded waterfront
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ู…ูŠู„ุงู† ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุงุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุจุญุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ู‡ุฌูˆุฑุฉ ูˆุงู„ู…ุชุฏู‡ูˆุฑุฉ
10:55
in the neighborhoods of Greenpoint
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ููŠ ุฃุญูŠุงุก ุฌุฑูŠู† ุจูˆูŠู†ุช
10:57
and Williamsburg in Brooklyn,
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ูˆูˆูŠู„ูŠุงู…ุณุจูˆุฑุบ ููŠ ุจุฑูˆูƒู„ูŠู†ุŒ
10:58
impossible to get to and impossible to use.
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ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุณุชุญูŠู„ ุงู„ูˆุตูˆู„ ู„ู‡ุง ูˆู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุณุชุญูŠู„ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ุง.
11:02
Now the zoning here was massive,
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ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ู†ุง ูƒุงู† ุชู‚ุณูŠู… ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ูˆุงุณุนู‹ุงุŒ
11:04
so I felt an obligation to create
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ู„ุฐุง ุดุนุฑุช ุจุงู„ุงู„ุชุฒุงู… ู„ุฅู†ุดุงุก
11:08
magnificent parks on these waterfronts,
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ุญุฏุงุฆู‚ ุฑุงุฆุนุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูˆุงุฌู‡ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุงุฆูŠุฉุŒ
11:11
and I spent an incredible amount of time
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ูˆู‚ุถูŠุช ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ู„ุง ุชุตุฏู‚ ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช
11:13
on every square inch of these plans.
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ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุจูˆุตุฉ ู…ุฑุจุนุฉ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฎุทุท.
11:16
I wanted to make sure that there were
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ูƒู†ุช ุฃุฑุบุจ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุฃูƒุฏ ู…ู† ุฃู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ
11:18
tree-lined paths from the upland to the water,
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ู…ุณุงุฑุงุช ุชุตุทู ุนู„ู‰ ุฌุงู†ุจูŠู‡ ุงู„ุฃุดุฌุงุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุชูุนุงุช ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุงุกุŒ
11:21
that there were trees and plantings everywhere,
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ุฃู†ู‡ ูƒุงู†ุช ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฃุดุฌุงุฑ ูˆู…ุฒุฑูˆุนุงุช ููŠ ูƒู„ ู…ูƒุงู†ุŒ
11:23
and, of course, lots and lots of places to sit.
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ูˆุจุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุŒ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ู„ู„ุฌู„ูˆุณ.
11:28
Honestly, I had no idea how it would turn out.
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ุจุตุฑุงุญุฉุŒ ู„ู… ุชูƒู† ู„ุฏูŠ ุฃุฏู†ู‰ ููƒุฑุฉ ูƒูŠู ุณูŠุญุตู„ ุฐู„ูƒ.
11:31
I had to have faith.
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ูƒุงู† ุนู„ูŠ ุฃู† ุฃุชุญู„ู‰ ุจุงู„ุฅูŠู…ุงู†.
11:33
But I put everything that I had studied and learned
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ูˆู„ูƒู†ูŠ ูˆุถุนุช ูƒู„ ู…ุง ูƒู†ุช ู‚ุฏ ุฏุฑุณุชู‡ ูˆุชุนู„ู…ุชู‡
11:36
into those plans.
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ููŠ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฎุทุท.
11:37
And then it opened,
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ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุงูุชุชุงุญุŒ
11:39
and I have to tell you, it was incredible.
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ูˆุฃูˆุฏ ุฃู† ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒู…ุŒ ูƒุงู† ู„ุง ูŠุตุฏู‚.
11:42
People came from all over the city
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ุฌุงุก ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ
11:44
to be in these parks.
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ู„ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุฏุงุฆู‚.
11:46
I know they changed the lives of the people who live there,
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ุฃู†ุง ุฃุนู„ู… ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุบูŠุฑุช ุญูŠุงุฉ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุนูŠุดูˆู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒุŒ
11:49
but they also changed New Yorkers' whole image
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ู„ูƒู†ู‡ุง ุฃูŠุถุง ุชุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ูƒุงู…ู„ุฉ ู„ุณูƒุงู† ู†ูŠูˆูŠูˆุฑูƒ
11:52
of their city.
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ู…ู† ู…ุฏูŠู†ุชู‡ู….
11:54
I often come down and watch people
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ูƒู†ุช ุบุงู„ุจุง ู…ุง ุฃุฐู‡ุจ ูˆุฃุดุงู‡ุฏ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ
11:55
get on this little ferry
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ุงู„ุฑูƒูˆุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
11:57
that now runs between the boroughs,
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ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠู…ุชุฏ ุงู„ุขู† ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงุกุŒ
11:59
and I can't tell you why,
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ูˆุฃู†ุง ู„ุง ุฃุณุชุทูŠุน ุฃู† ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒู… ู„ู…ุงุฐุงุŒ
12:00
but I'm completely moved
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุฃู†ุง ุงู†ุชู‚ู„ุช ุชู…ุงู…ุง
12:02
by the fact that people are using it
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ู…ู† ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…ูˆู† ุฐู„ูƒ
12:04
as if it had always been there.
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ูƒู…ุง ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ู‡ ูƒุงู† ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ู‡ู†ุงูƒ.
12:06
And here is a new park in lower Manhattan.
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ูˆู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูŠ ุญุฏูŠู‚ุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ููŠ ู…ุงู†ู‡ุงุชู† ุงู„ุณูู„ู‰.
12:09
Now, the water's edge in lower Manhattan
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ุงู„ุขู†ุŒ ุญุงูุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠุงู‡ ููŠ ู…ุงู†ู‡ุงุชู† ุงู„ุณูู„ู‰
12:12
was a complete mess before 9/11.
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ูƒุงู† ููˆุถู‰ ูƒุงู…ู„ุฉ ู‚ุจู„ 9/11.
12:15
Wall Street was essentially landlocked
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ูƒุงู†ุช ูˆูˆู„ ุณุชุฑูŠุช ุบูŠุฑ ุณุงุญู„ูŠุฉ ุจุดูƒู„ ุฃุณุงุณูŠ
12:17
because you couldn't get anywhere near this edge.
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ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ูŠุณ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ู…ูƒู† ู„ูƒ ุงู„ุงู‚ุชุฑุงุจ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุงูุฉ.
12:20
And after 9/11, the city had very little control.
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ูˆุจุนุฏ 9/11ุŒ ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ุชุนุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ูู‚ุฏ ุงู„ุณูŠุทุฑุฉ.
12:23
But I thought if we went
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุงุนุชู‚ุฏุช ุฃู†ู‡ ุฅุฐุง ุฐู‡ุจู†ุง
12:25
to the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation
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ู„ู…ุคุณุณุฉ ู…ุงู†ู‡ุงุชู† ุงู„ุณูู„ู‰ ู„ู„ุชู†ู…ูŠุฉ
12:27
and got money to reclaim this two miles
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ูˆุญุตู„ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ู„ุงุณุชุนุงุฏุฉ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ูŠู„ูŠู†
12:30
of degraded waterfront
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ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุงุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุจุญุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุฏู‡ูˆุฑุฉ
12:32
that it would have an enormous effect
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ุฃู†ู‡ ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ู‡ุง ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ู‡ุงุฆู„
12:34
on the rebuilding of lower Manhattan.
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ุนู„ู‰ ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุจู†ุงุก ู…ุงู†ู‡ุงุชู† ุงู„ุณูู„ู‰.
12:36
And it did.
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ูˆู‚ุฏ ูุนู„ุช
12:37
Lower Manhattan finally has a public waterfront
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ู…ุงู†ู‡ุงุชู† ุงู„ุณูู„ู‰ ู„ุฏูŠู‡ุง ุฃุฎูŠุฑุง ุงู„ูˆุงุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุจุญุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ
12:41
on all three sides.
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ุนู„ู‰ ุฌู…ูŠุน ุงู„ุฃุทุฑุงู ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ.
12:43
I really love this park.
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ุฃู†ุง ุญู‚ุง ุฃุญุจ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠู‚ุฉ.
12:45
You know, railings have to be higher now,
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ูƒู…ุง ุชุนู„ู…ูˆู†ุŒ ุงู„ุณูˆุฑ ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุขู†ุŒ
12:47
so we put bar seating at the edge,
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูˆุถุนู†ุง ุดุฑูŠุทุง ู„ู„ุฌู„ูˆุณ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุญุงูุฉุŒ
12:50
and you can get so close to the water
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ูˆูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ู…ู‚ุฑุจุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุงู‡
12:52
you're practically on it.
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ูˆุชูƒูˆู† ู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ู…ู†ู‡ุง.
12:54
And see how the railing widens
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ูˆู†ุฑู‰ ูƒูŠููŠุฉ ุงุชุณุงุน ุงู„ุญูˆุงุฌุฒ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุฏูŠุฉ
12:56
and flattens out so you can lay down
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ูˆุชุณุทุญู‡ุง ุญุชู‰ ุชุชู…ูƒู† ู…ู† ูˆุถุน
12:57
your lunch or your laptop.
292
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ุบุฐุงุฆูƒ ุฃูˆ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ูƒู…ุจูŠูˆุชุฑ ุงู„ู…ุญู…ูˆู„.
12:59
And I love when people come there
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ูˆุฃู†ุง ุฃุญุจ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠุฃุชูŠ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ
13:01
and look up and they say,
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ูˆูŠุชุทู„ุนูˆู† ูˆูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆู†ุŒ
13:03
"Wow, there's Brooklyn, and it's so close."
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"ู†ุฌุงุญ ุจุงู‡ุฑุŒ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุจุฑูˆูƒู„ูŠู†ุŒ ุฅู†ู‡ุง ู‚ุฑูŠุจุฉ ุฌุฏุง".
13:07
So what's the trick?
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ูู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฎุฏุนุฉุŸ
13:09
How do you turn a park
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ูƒูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุชุญูˆูŠู„ ู…ุชู†ุฒู‡
13:11
into a place that people want to be?
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ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ูƒุงู† ูŠุฑูŠุฏ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุฃู† ูŠุชูˆุงุฌุฏูˆุง ููŠู‡ุŸ
13:14
Well, it's up to you,
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ุญุณู†ุงุŒ ูˆุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ู…ุชุฑูˆูƒ ู„ูƒู…ุŒ
13:17
not as a city planner but as a human being.
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ู„ูŠุณ ูƒู…ุฎุทุท ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ูˆู„ูƒู† ูƒุฅู†ุณุงู†.
13:20
You don't tap into your design expertise.
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ุฃู„ุง ุชุนุฑุถ ุฎุจุฑุงุชูƒ ุงู„ุชุตู…ูŠู…ูŠุฉ.
13:24
You tap into your humanity.
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ูˆู„ูƒู†ูƒ ุชุนุฑุถ ุฅู†ุณุงู†ูŠุชูƒ.
13:27
I mean, would you want to go there?
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ุฃุนู†ูŠุŒ ู‡ู„ ุชุฑูŠุฏ ุงู„ุฐู‡ุงุจ ุฅู„ู‰ ู‡ู†ุงูƒุŸ
13:31
Would you want to stay there?
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ู‡ู„ ุชุฑูŠุฏ ุงู„ุจู‚ุงุก ู‡ู†ุงูƒุŸ
13:33
Can you see into it and out of it?
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ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุฃู† ุชุฑู‰ ู…ุง ุจุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ ูˆู…ุง ุจุฎุงุฑุฌู‡ุŸ
13:35
Are there other people there?
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ู‡ู„ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุขุฎุฑูˆู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒุŸ
13:37
Does it seem green and friendly?
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ู‡ู„ ูŠุจุฏูˆ ุฃุฎุถุฑุง ูˆุญู…ูŠู…ุงุŸ
13:40
Can you find your very own seat?
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ู‡ู„ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุฃู† ุชุฌุฏ ู…ู‚ุนุฏูƒ ุงู„ุฎุงุตุŸ
13:43
Well now, all over New York City,
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ุญุณู†ุง ุงู„ุขู†ุŒ ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ู†ูŠูˆูŠูˆุฑูƒุŒ
13:46
there are places where you can
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ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุญูŠุซ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ
13:47
find your very own seat.
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ุฃู† ุชุฌุฏ ู…ู‚ุนุฏูƒ ุงู„ุฎุงุต.
13:49
Where there used to be parking spaces,
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ุญูŠุซ ูƒุงู†ุช ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู…ูˆุงู‚ู ุณูŠุงุฑุงุชุŒ
13:52
there are now pop-up cafes.
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ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุจุซู‚ุฉ.
13:54
Where Broadway traffic used to run,
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ุญูŠุซ ูƒุงู†ุช ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูˆุฑ ููŠ ุจุฑูˆุฏูˆุงูŠ ุชุฏูˆุฑุŒ
13:56
there are now tables and chairs.
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ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ุทุงูˆู„ุงุช ูˆุงู„ูƒุฑุงุณูŠ.
13:58
Where 12 years ago, sidewalk cafes were not allowed,
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ู‚ุจู„ 12 ุนุงู…ุงุŒ ู„ู… ูŠุณู…ุญ ุจู…ู‚ุงู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฑุตูŠูุŒ
14:02
they are now everywhere.
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ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุขู† ููŠ ูƒู„ ู…ูƒุงู†.
14:04
But claiming these spaces for public use
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุชุฎุตูŠุต ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุญุงุช ู„ู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ุนุงู…
14:07
was not simple,
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ู„ู… ูŠูƒู† ุจุณูŠุทู‹ุงุŒ
14:08
and it's even harder to keep them that way.
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ูˆุณูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุตุนุจ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุงู„ุญูุงุธ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ.
14:10
So now I'm going to tell you a story
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ูˆุงู„ุขู† ุณุฃู‚ูˆู… ุจุฅุฎุจุงุฑูƒู… ู‚ุตุฉ
14:12
about a very unusual park called the High Line.
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ุญูˆู„ ู…ุชู†ุฒู‡ ุบูŠุฑ ุนุงุฏ ุฌุฏุง ูŠุณู…ู‰ "ู‡ุงูŠ ู„ุงูŠู†".
14:16
The High Line was an elevated railway.
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ูƒุงู†"ู‡ุงูŠ ู„ุงูŠู†" ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุณูƒูƒ ุญุฏูŠุฏูŠุฉ ู…ุฑุชูุนุฉ.
14:18
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
14:25
The High Line was an elevated railway
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ูƒุงู†"ู‡ุงูŠ ู„ุงูŠู†" ุณูƒูƒุง ุญุฏูŠุฏูŠุฉ ู…ุฑุชูุนุฉ
14:27
that ran through three neighborhoods
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ุชุนุจุฑ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฃุญูŠุงุก
14:29
on Manhattan's West Side,
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ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจ ุงู„ุบุฑุจูŠ ู…ู† ู…ุงู†ู‡ุงุชู†ุŒ
14:31
and when the train stopped running,
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ูˆุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชูˆู‚ู ุงู„ู‚ุทุงุฑ ุนู† ุงู„ุนู…ู„ุŒ
14:33
it became a self-seeded landscape,
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ุฃุตุจุญ ุงู„ู…ุดู‡ุฏ ู…ุตู†ูุงุŒ
14:35
a kind of a garden in the sky.
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ูƒู…ุซู„ ุญุฏูŠู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุณู…ุงุก.
14:38
And when I saw it the first time,
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ูˆุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุฑุฃูŠุช ุฐู„ูƒ ู„ู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ุŒ
14:40
honestly, when I went up on that old viaduct,
332
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ุจุตุฑุงุญุฉุŒ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุตุนุฏุช ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฌุณุฑ ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุŒ
14:42
I fell in love the way you fall in love with a person,
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ูˆู‚ุนุช ููŠ ุงู„ุญุจ ูƒุฃู†ูƒ ุชู‚ุน ููŠ ุญุจ ุฃุญุฏ ู…ุงุŒ
14:45
honestly.
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ุจุตุฏู‚.
14:46
And when I was appointed,
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ูˆุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชู… ุชุนูŠูŠู†ูŠุŒ
14:48
saving the first two sections of the High Line
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ู„ุฅู†ู‚ุงุฐ ุงู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ูŠู† ู…ู† โ€œู‡ุงูŠ ู„ุงูŠู†"
14:51
from demolition became my first priority
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ู…ู† ุงู„ู‡ุฏู… ุฃุตุจุญ ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ู† ุฃู‡ู… ุฃูˆู„ูˆูŠุงุชูŠ
14:54
and my most important project.
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ูˆุฃู‡ู… ู…ุดุฑูˆุน ู„ุฏูŠ.
14:57
I knew if there was a day that I didn't
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ูƒู†ุช ุฃุนุฑู ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู„ู… ุฃูƒู†
15:00
worry about the High Line, it would come down.
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ู‚ู„ู‚ุฉ ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุงูŠ ู„ุงูŠู†ุŒ ูุฅู†ู‡ ุณูŠุฒูˆู„.
15:03
And the High Line,
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ูˆ"ู‡ุงูŠ ู„ุงูŠู†"ุŒ
15:05
even though it is widely known now
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ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑุบู… ู…ู† ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุนุฑูˆู ุนู„ู‰ ู†ุทุงู‚ ูˆุงุณุน ุงู„ุขู†
15:08
and phenomenally popular,
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ูˆุงู„ุดุนุจูŠุฉ ู‡ุงุฆู„ุฉุŒ
15:10
it is the most contested public space in the city.
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ูƒุงู† ู…ู† ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ุฅุซุงุฑุฉ ู„ู„ุฌุฏู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ.
15:14
You might see a beautiful park,
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ู‚ุฏ ุชุดุงู‡ุฏ ุญุฏูŠู‚ุฉ ุฌู…ูŠู„ุฉุŒ
15:16
but not everyone does.
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ู„ูƒู† ู„ูŠุณ ุงู„ุฌู…ูŠุน ูŠูุนู„ูˆู† ุฐู„ูƒ
15:19
You know, it's true, commercial interests
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ูƒู…ุง ุชุนู„ู…ูˆู†ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุตุญูŠุญุŒ ุงู„ู…ุตุงู„ุญ ุงู„ุชุฌุงุฑูŠุฉ
15:22
will always battle against public space.
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ุณุชุญุงุฑุจ ุฏูˆู…ู‹ุง ุถุฏ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ.
15:25
You might say,
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ุฑุจู…ุง ุณุชู‚ูˆู„
15:27
"How wonderful it is that more than
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"ูƒู… ู‡ูˆ ุฑุงุฆุน ุฃู† ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู†
15:28
four million people come from all over the world
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ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ู…ู„ุงูŠูŠู† ุดุฎุต ูŠุฃุชูˆู† ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…
15:31
to visit the High Line."
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ู„ุฒูŠุงุฑุฉ ู‡ุงูŠ ู„ุงูŠู† ".
15:32
Well, a developer sees just one thing: customers.
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ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŒ ูŠุฑู‰ ุงู„ู…ุทูˆุฑูˆู† ุดูŠุฆุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ูู‚ุท: ุนู…ู„ุงุก.
15:37
Hey, why not take out those plantings
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ู…ู‡ู„ุงุŒ ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ู„ุง ุชุฃุฎุฐ ู…ู† ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุฒุฑูˆุนุงุช
15:40
and have shops all along the High Line?
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ูˆูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุงู„ูƒ ู„ู…ุญู„ุงุช ุชุฌุงุฑูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ โ€œู‡ุงูŠ ู„ุงูŠู†"ุŸ
15:42
Wouldn't that be terrific
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ุฃู„ู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุฑุงุฆุนู‹ุง
15:43
and won't it mean a lot more money for the city?
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ูˆู„ู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ู„ู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉุŸ
15:46
Well no, it would not be terrific.
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ูƒุฐู„ูƒ ู„ุงุŒ ูุฅู†ู‡ ู„ู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฑุงุฆุนู‹ุง.
15:48
It would be a mall, and not a park.
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ูˆุณูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุฑูƒุฒุง ุชุฌุงุฑูŠุงุŒ ูˆู„ูŠุณ ุญุฏูŠู‚ุฉ.
15:51
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
15:59
And you know what, it might mean
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ูˆุชุนุฑููˆู† ู…ุงุฐุงุŒ ู‚ุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฐู„ูƒ
16:00
more money for the city,
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ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ู„ู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉุŒ
16:03
but a city has to take the long view,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ุชุฃุฎุฐ ู†ุธุฑุฉ ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉุŒ
16:07
the view for the common good.
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ูˆุฌู‡ุฉ ู†ุธุฑ ู…ู† ุฃุฌู„ ุงู„ุตุงู„ุญ ุงู„ุนุงู….
16:10
Most recently, the last section of the High Line,
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ููŠ ุงู„ุขูˆู†ุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉุŒ ูˆุงู„ู‚ุณู… ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ู…ู† ู‡ุงูŠ ู„ุงูŠู†ุŒ
16:13
the third section of the High Line,
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ุงู„ู‚ุณู… ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ู…ู† "ู‡ุงูŠ ู„ุงูŠู†"ุŒ
16:15
the final section of the High Line,
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ุงู„ู‚ุณู… ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ู…ู† โ€œู‡ุงูŠ ู„ุงูŠู†"
16:16
has been pitted against development interests,
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ูˆู‚ุฏ ุญุฑุถ ุถุฏ ู…ุตุงู„ุญ ุงู„ุชู†ู…ูŠุฉุŒ
16:19
where some of the city's leading developers
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ุญูŠุซ ู‚ุงู…ุช ุจุนุถ ุดุฑูƒุงุช ุงู„ุชุทูˆูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนู‚ุงุฑูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ
16:22
are building more than 17 million square feet
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ุจุจู†ุงุก ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 17 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ู‚ุฏู… ู…ุฑุจุน
16:24
at the Hudson Yards.
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ููŠ ุณุงุญุงุช ู‡ุฏุณูˆู†.
16:27
And they came to me and proposed
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ูˆุฌุงุกูˆุง ู„ูŠ ุจุงู‚ุชุฑุงุญ
16:28
that they "temporarily disassemble"
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ุฃู†ู‡ู… ู‚ุงู…ูˆุง ู…ุคู‚ุชุง ุจุชููƒูŠูƒ
16:31
that third and final section.
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ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ูˆุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ.
16:34
Perhaps the High Line didn't fit in
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ุฑุจู…ุง "ู‡ุงูŠ ู„ุงูŠู†" ู„ู… ูŠุชูˆุงูู‚
16:36
with their image of a gleaming city of skyscrapers
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ู…ุน ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ู„ู†ุงุทุญุงุช ุงู„ุณุญุงุจ ุงู„ู„ุงู…ุนุฉ
16:39
on a hill.
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ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชู„ุฉ.
16:41
Perhaps it was just in their way.
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ุฑุจู…ุง ูƒุงู† ูู‚ุท ูŠุนูŠู‚ู‡ู….
16:43
But in any case, it took nine months
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูŠุฉ ุญุงู„ุŒ ุงุณุชุบุฑู‚ ุชุณุนุฉ ุฃุดู‡ุฑ
16:46
of nonstop daily negotiation
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ู…ู† ุงู„ุชูุงูˆุถ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…ูŠ ุฏูˆู† ุชูˆู‚ู
16:48
to finally get the signed agreement
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ุฃุฎูŠุฑุง ู„ู„ุญุตูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงุชูุงู‚ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุนุฉ
16:50
to prohibit its demolition,
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ู„ู…ู†ุน ู‡ุฏู…ู‡ุŒ
16:52
and that was only two years ago.
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ูˆูƒุงู† ุฐู„ูƒ ู‚ุจู„ ุนุงู…ูŠู† ูู‚ุท.
16:56
So you see, no matter how popular
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ู‡ูƒุฐุง ุชุฑูˆู†ุŒ ุจุบุถ ุงู„ู†ุธุฑ ุนู† ู…ุฏู‰ ุดุนุจูŠุฉ
16:59
and successful a public space may be,
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ูˆู†ุฌุงุญ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉุŒ
17:01
it can never be taken for granted.
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ูุฅู†ู‡ ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃุจุฏุง ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃู…ุฑุง ู…ูุฑูˆุบุง ู…ู†ู‡.
17:04
Public spaces always -- this is it saved --
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ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ุฏุงุฆู…ุง - ู‡ุฐุง ุฅู† ุชูˆูุฑุช -
17:06
public spaces always need vigilant champions,
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ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ุชุญุชุงุฌ ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ู„ุจุทู„ ูŠู‚ุธุŒ
17:10
not only to claim them at the outset for public use,
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ู„ูŠุณ ูู‚ุท ู„ู„ู…ุทุงู„ุจุฉ ุจู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ุนุงู…ุŒ
17:14
but to design them for the people that use them,
390
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ู„ุชุตู…ูŠู…ู‡ุง ู„ู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…ูˆู†ู‡ุงุŒ
17:17
then to maintain them to ensure
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ุซู… ุงู„ู…ุญุงูุธุฉ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ู„ุถู…ุงู†
17:19
that they are for everyone,
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ุฃู†ู‡ุง ู„ู„ุฌู…ูŠุนุŒ
17:21
that they are not violated, invaded,
393
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ุฃู†ู‡ุง ู„ู… ุชู†ุชู‡ูƒุŒ ุฃูˆ ูŠุชู… ุบุฒูˆู‡ุงุŒ
17:24
abandoned or ignored.
394
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ุฃูˆ ุฅู‡ู…ุงู„ู‡ุง ุฃูˆ ุชุฌุงู‡ู„ู‡ุง.
17:26
If there is any one lesson
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ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฃูŠ ุฏุฑุณ
17:28
that I have learned in my life as a city planner,
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ู…ุง ุชุนู„ู…ุชู‡ ููŠ ุญูŠุงุชูŠ ูƒู…ุฎุทุทุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉุŒ
17:31
it is that public spaces have power.
397
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ู‡ูˆ ุฃู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ุณู„ุทุฉ.
17:35
It's not just the number of people using them,
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ุฅู†ู‡ุง ู„ูŠุณุช ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…ูˆู†ู‡ุงุŒ
17:38
it's the even greater number of people
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ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุนุฏุฏ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ
17:40
who feel better about their city
400
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ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุดุนุฑูˆู† ุจุดูƒู„ ุฃูุถู„ ู†ุญูˆ ู…ุฏูŠู†ุชู‡ู…
17:42
just knowing that they are there.
401
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ูˆูŠุนู„ู…ูˆู† ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชุชูˆุงุฌุฏ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ.
17:45
Public space can change how you live in a city,
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ูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุฃุณู„ูˆุจ ุนูŠุดูƒ ุจุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉุŒ
17:49
how you feel about a city,
403
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ุฃุญุงุณูŠุณูƒ ุงุชุฌุงู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉุŒ
17:51
whether you choose one city over another,
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ุณูˆุงุก ุงุฎุชุฑุช ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŒ
17:54
and public space is one of the most important reasons
405
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ูˆุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ุฃุญุฏ ุฃู‡ู… ุงู„ุฃุณุจุงุจ
17:57
why you stay in a city.
406
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3121
ู„ู…ูƒูˆุซูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ.
18:00
I believe that a successful city
407
1080642
2465
ุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุงุฌุญุฉ
18:03
is like a fabulous party.
408
1083107
2621
ู‡ูˆ ู…ุซู„ ุญูู„ ุฑุงุฆุน.
18:05
People stay because they are having a great time.
409
1085728
3905
ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ูŠุจู‚ูˆู† ู„ุฃู†ู‡ู… ูŠู‚ุถูˆู† ูˆู‚ุชู‹ุง ู…ู…ุชุนู‹ุง.
18:09
Thank you.
410
1089633
1943
ุดูƒุฑู‹ุง ู„ูƒู…
18:11
(Applause)
411
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5953
(ุชุตููŠู‚)
18:17
Thank you. (Applause)
412
1097529
4630
ุดูƒุฑุง ู„ูƒู…. (ุชุตููŠู‚)
ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

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