Juan Enriquez: Will our kids be a different species?

Translator: Timothy Covell Reviewer: Morton Bast

Prevodilac: Radica Stojanović Lektor: Ivana Korom

All right. So, like all good stories,

U redu. Kao sve dobre priče

this starts a long, long time ago

i ova počinje jako, jako davno

when there was basically nothing.

kada praktično nije bilo ničega.

So here is a complete picture of the universe

Evo dakle kompletne slike svemira

about 14-odd billion years ago.

pre otprilike 14 milijardi godina.

All energy is concentrated into a single point of energy.

Sva energija je skoncentrisana u jednoj tački.

For some reason it explodes,

Iz nekog razloga ona eksplodira

and you begin to get these things.

i počinjete da dobijate ove stvari.

So you're now about 14 billion years into this.

Tako ste sada već 14 milijardi godina u ovome.

And these things expand and expand and expand

I te stvari se šire i šire i šire

into these giant galaxies,

u ove ogromne galaksije,

and you get trillions of them.

i dobijate bilione njih.

And within these galaxies

I u tim galaksijama

you get these enormous dust clouds.

imate ove ogromne oblake prašne.

And I want you to pay particular attention

I želim da obratite posebnu pažnju

to the three little prongs

na tri mala kraka

in the center of this picture.

u cenrtu slike.

If you take a close-up of those,

Ako ih pažljivo pogledate,

they look like this.

izgledaju ovako.

And what you're looking at is columns of dust

I to što vidite su stubovi prašine

where there's so much dust --

u kojima ima toliko prašine -

by the way, the scale of this is a trillion vertical miles --

inače, ova skala ima bilion vertikalnih milja -

and what's happening is there's so much dust,

i tu je toliko prašine,

it comes together and it fuses

da se ona spaja

and ignites a thermonuclear reaction.

i usijava do termonuklearne reakcije.

And so what you're watching

I ono što gledate

is the birth of stars.

jeste rođenje zvezda.

These are stars being born out of here.

Ovo su zvezde koje su rođene tamo.

When enough stars come out,

Kada nastane dovoljan broj zvezda,

they create a galaxy.

one stvaraju galaksiju.

This one happens to be a particularly important galaxy,

Ova ovde je jedna posebno značajna galaksija,

because you are here.

jer je naša.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

And as you take a close-up of this galaxy,

I ako pažljivo pogledate ovu galaksiju,

you find a relatively normal,

naći ćete prilično uobičajenu,

not particularly interesting star.

ne posebno interesantnu zvezdu.

By the way, you're now about two-thirds of the way into this story.

Inače, sada ste na dve trećine puta u ovoj priči.

So this star doesn't even appear

Znači ova zvezda se ne pojavljuje

until about two-thirds of the way into this story.

do otprilike dve trećine ove priče.

And then what happens

I potom se dešava to

is there's enough dust left over

da je preostalo dovoljno prašine

that it doesn't ignite into a star,

da se ona ne usija do zvezde,

it becomes a planet.

već postaje planeta.

And this is about a little over four billion years ago.

To se dešava pre nešto više od četiri milijarde godina.

And soon thereafter

I ubrzo nakon toga

there's enough material left over

postoji dovoljno materijala

that you get a primordial soup,

da se formira praiskonska supa

and that creates life.

i nastaje život.

And life starts to expand and expand and expand,

I život počinje da se širi i širi,

until it goes kaput.

dok ne ode bestraga.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Now the really strange thing

E sad, vrlo čudna stvar

is life goes kaput, not once, not twice,

jeste da je život otišao bestraga, ne jednom, ne dva puta,

but five times.

već pet puta.

So almost all life on Earth

Tako je život na Zemlji

is wiped out about five times.

pet puta u potpunosti zbrisan.

And as you're thinking about that,

I dok razmišljate o tome,

what happens is you get more and more complexity,

dobijate sve veću i veću složenost,

more and more stuff

više i više stvari

to build new things with.

kojima pravite nove stvari.

And we don't appear

I mi se ne pojavljujemo

until about 99.96 percent of the time into this story,

do otprilike 99,96 procenata ove priče,

just to put ourselves and our ancestors in perspective.

taman toliko da uporedimo nas i naše pretke sa pričom.

So within that context, there's two theories of the case

I u tom kontekstu, postoje dve teorije

as to why we're all here.

o tome zašto smo mi svi ovde.

The first theory of the case

Prva teorija

is that's all she wrote.

jeste da je to to.

Under that theory,

Prema toj teoriji,

we are the be-all and end-all

mi smo sve što jeste i kraj svega

of all creation.

što postoji.

And the reason for trillions of galaxies,

I razlog biliona galaksija,

sextillions of planets,

triliona planeta,

is to create something that looks like that

jeste da bi stvorili nešto što izgleda ovako

and something that looks like that.

i nešto što izgleda ovako.

And that's the purpose of the universe;

I to je svrha univerzuma;

and then it flat-lines,

i kada dođe do kraja,

it doesn't get any better.

neće postati ništa bolje.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

The only question you might want to ask yourself is,

Jedino pitanje koje možete sebi postaviti je,

could that be just mildly arrogant?

da to nije možda malo arogantno?

And if it is --

I ako jeste --

and particularly given the fact that we came very close to extinction.

posebno jer znamo da smo došli jako blizu istrebljenju.

There were only about 2,000 of our species left.

Bilo je svega oko 2000 vrsta preostalo.

A few more weeks without rain,

Još par nedelja bez kiše,

we would have never seen any of these.

i nikada ne bismo videli nikog od ovih.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

So maybe you have to think about a second theory

Tako bi možda trebalo da razmotrite drugu teoriju

if the first one isn't good enough.

ako prva nije dovoljno dobra.

Second theory is: Could we upgrade?

Druga teorija je: možemo li se poboljšati?

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Well, why would one ask a question like that?

Zašto bi neko postavio takvo pitanje?

Because there have been at least 29 upgrades so far

Jer do sada je bilo najmanje 29 poboljšanja

of humanoids.

humanoida.

So it turns out that we have upgraded.

Ispostavlja se da se jesmo poboljšali.

We've upgraded time and again and again.

Poboljšavamo se iznova i iznova.

And it turns out that we keep discovering upgrades.

I ispostavlja se da nastavljamo sa otkrivanjem mogućih poboljšanja.

We found this one last year.

Pronašli smo ovu prošle godine.

We found another one last month.

Pronašli smo drugu prošlog meseca.

And as you're thinking about this,

I dok razlišljate o ovome,

you might also ask the question:

možete postaviti pitanje:

So why a single human species?

zašto postoji jedna ljudska vrsta?

Wouldn't it be really odd

Zar ne bi bilo čudno

if you went to Africa and Asia and Antarctica

kad bi otišli do Afrike, Azije ili Antarktika

and found exactly the same bird --

i pronašli identičnu pticu --

particularly given that we co-existed at the same time

posebno jer znamo da smo postojali uporedo

with at least eight other versions of humanoid

sa još najmanje osam različitih vrsta humanoida

at the same time on this planet?

u isto vreme na ovoj planeti?

So the normal state of affairs

Normalno stanje stvari

is not to have just a Homo sapiens;

nije da imamo samo Homo sapiensa;

the normal state of affairs

normalno stanje stvari je

is to have various versions of humans walking around.

da imamo različite varijante humanoida naokolo.

And if that is the normal state of affairs,

I ako je to normalno stanje stvari,

then you might ask yourself,

možete se zapitati,

all right, so if we want to create something else,

u redu, ako želimo da stvorimo nešto drugo,

how big does a mutation have to be?

koliko velika bi mutacija morala da bude?

Well Svante Paabo has the answer.

Pa Svante Pabo ima odgovor.

The difference between humans and Neanderthal

Razlika između ljudi i Neandertalaca

is 0.004 percent of gene code.

je 0,004 procenta genetskog koda.

That's how big the difference is

Toliko je velika razlika

one species to another.

između dve vrste.

This explains most contemporary political debates.

Ovo objašnjava najskorije političke debate.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

But as you're thinking about this,

Ali dok razmišljate o ovome,

one of the interesting things

jedna od zanimljivih stvari

is how small these mutations are and where they take place.

je koliko su te mutacije male i gde se dešavaju.

Difference human/Neanderthal

Razlika između ljudi i Neandertalaca

is sperm and testis,

je u spermi i testisima,

smell and skin.

mirisu i koži.

And those are the specific genes

A to su specifični geni

that differ from one to the other.

koji se međusobno razlikuju.

So very small changes can have a big impact.

Tako da veoma male promene dovode do velikih posledica.

And as you're thinking about this,

I dok razmišljate o tome,

we're continuing to mutate.

mi nastavljamo da mutiramo.

So about 10,000 years ago by the Black Sea,

Pre 10 000 godina pored Crnog Mora,

we had one mutation in one gene

desila se mutacija u jednom genu

which led to blue eyes.

koja je dovela do plavih očiju.

And this is continuing and continuing and continuing.

I to nastavlja da se dešava.

And as it continues,

I dok se to nastavlja,

one of the things that's going to happen this year

jedna od stvari koja će se desiti ove godine

is we're going to discover the first 10,000 human genomes,

je to da ćemo otkriti prvih 10 000 ljudskih genoma,

because it's gotten cheap enough to do the gene sequencing.

jer je sekvencioniranje gena postalo dovoljno jeftino.

And when we find these,

A kada to otkrijemo,

we may find differences.

moći ćemo da pronađemo razlike.

And by the way, this is not a debate that we're ready for,

I inače, ovo nije debata za koju smo još spremni,

because we have really misused the science in this.

jer smo zloupotrebili nauku za ovo.

In the 1920s, we thought there were major differences between people.

1920. smatrali smo da postoje ogromne razlike među ljudima.

That was partly based on Francis Galton's work.

To je delom bila posledica rada Frensisa Galtona.

He was Darwin's cousin.

On je bio Darvinov rođak.

But the U.S., the Carnegie Institute,

Ali SAD, Karnegi Institut,

Stanford, American Neurological Association

Stanford, Američka neurološka asocijacija

took this really far.

otišli su u ovome jako daleko.

That got exported and was really misused.

Ideja je izvezena i veoma zloupotrebljena.

In fact, it led to some absolutely horrendous

Zapravo, dovela je do nekih potpuno užasnih

treatment of human beings.

ophođenja prema ljudskim bićima.

So since the 1940s, we've been saying there are no differences,

I od 1940. tvrdimo da ne postoje razlike,

we're all identical.

da smo svi identični.

We're going to know at year end if that is true.

Do kraja godine znaćemo da li je to tačno.

And as we think about that,

I kako razmišljamo o tome,

we're actually beginning to find things

počinjemo da nalazimo stvari

like, do you have an ACE gene?

kao, da li imate ACE gen?

Why would that matter?

Zašto bi to bilo važno?

Because nobody's ever climbed an 8,000-meter peak without oxygen

Jer niko ne može da se popne na visinu od 8 000 metara bez kiseonika

that doesn't have an ACE gene.

ukoliko nema ACE gen.

And if you want to get more specific,

I ako želite da budete još precizniji,

how about a 577R genotype?

šta je sa 577R genotipom?

Well it turns out that every male Olympic power athelete ever tested

Ispostavilo se da svaki muški olimpijski atletičar koji je ikada testiran

carries at least one of these variants.

ima bar jednu od ovih varijanti.

If that is true,

Ako je to tačno,

it leads to some very complicated questions

to vodi do nekih veoma komplikovanih pitanja

for the London Olympics.

za londonsku Olimpijadu.

Three options:

Tri mogućnosti:

Do you want the Olympics to be a showcase

želite li da Olimpijada bude izložba

for really hardworking mutants?

izuzetno vrednih mutanata?

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Option number two:

Mogućnost broj dva:

Why don't we play it like golf or sailing?

zašto se ne bi takmičili kao u golfu ili jedrenju?

Because you have one and you don't have one,

Zato što ga ti imaš, a ti ga nemaš,

I'll give you a tenth of a second head start.

daću ti prednost od desetine sekunde na startu.

Version number three:

Mogućnost broj tri:

Because this is a naturally occurring gene

zato što je to gen koji se javlja prirodno,

and you've got it and you didn't pick the right parents,

ti ga imaš, a ti si izabrao pogrešne roditelje,

you get the right to upgrade.

ti imaš pravo da se poboljšaš.

Three different options.

Tri različite mogućnosti.

If these differences are the difference

Ukoliko su te razlike zapravo razlike

between an Olympic medal and a non-Olympic medal.

između osvajača olimpijskih medalja i onih koji to nisu.

And it turns out that as we discover these things,

I ispostavlja se da, kako otkrivamo ove stvari,

we human beings really like to change

mi ljudi zaista uživamo da menjamo

how we look, how we act,

način na koji izgledamo, kako se ponašamo,

what our bodies do.

šta naša tela mogu da urade.

And we had about 10.2 million plastic surgeries in the United States,

Imali smo oko 10,2 miliona plastičnih operacija u Americi,

except that with the technologies that are coming online today,

ne računajući one sa tehnologijama koje se pojavljuju danas,

today's corrections, deletions,

današnje korekcije, brisanja,

augmentations and enhancements

uvećanja i poboljšanja

are going to seem like child's play.

činiće se kao dečja igra.

You already saw the work by Tony Atala on TED,

Već ste na TED-u videli rad Tonija Atale,

but this ability to start filling

ali ova sposobnost za punjenje

things like inkjet cartridges with cells

stvari poput kertridža za mastilo ćelijama

are allowing us to print skin, organs

omogućava nam da štampamo kožu, organe

and a whole series of other body parts.

i čitav niz drugih delova tela.

And as these technologies go forward,

I kako se ove tehnologije razvijaju,

you keep seeing this, you keep seeing this, you keep seeing things --

vi nastavljate da viđate ovo i ovo, nastavljate da viđate stvari --

2000, human genome sequence --

2000, ljudska genetska sekvenca --

and it seems like nothing's happening,

i čini se kao da se ništa ne dešava,

until it does.

dok se ne desi.

And we may just be in some of these weeks.

I možda smo upravo u jednoj od tih sedmica.

And as you're thinking about

I dok razmišljate o

these two guys sequencing a human genome in 2000

ovoj dvojici koji sekvencioniraju ljudski genom 2000.

and the Public Project sequencing the human genome in 2000,

i o javnom projektu sekvencioniranja ljudskog genoma 2000.,

then you don't hear a lot,

onda niste čuli mnogo,

until you hear about an experiment last year in China,

dok ne saznate za prošlogodišnji eksperiment u Kini,

where they take skin cells from this mouse,

gde uzimaju ćelije kože ovog miša,

put four chemicals on it,

dodaju četiri hemikalije,

turn those skin cells into stem cells,

pretvore ih u matične ćelije,

let the stem cells grow

puste ih da rastu

and create a full copy of that mouse.

i stvore potpunu kopiju prvobitnog miša.

That's a big deal.

To je velika stvar.

Because in essence

Jer u suštini

what it means is you can take a cell,

to znači da možete uzeti ćeliju,

which is a pluripotent stem cell,

koja je u suštini pluripotentna matična ćelija,

which is like a skier at the top of a mountain,

koja je poput skijaša na vrhu planine,

and those two skiers become two pluripotent stem cells,

i ova dva skijaša postaju dve pluripotentne matične ćelije,

four, eight, 16,

četiri, osam, 16,

and then it gets so crowded

i potom nastane takva gužva

after 16 divisions

da posle 16 deljenja

that those cells have to differentiate.

moraju da se diferenciraju.

So they go down one side of the mountain,

I tako idu niz jednu stranu planine,

they go down another.

i niz drugu.

And as they pick that,

I kada to odaberu,

these become bone,

ove postaju kosti,

and then they pick another road and these become platelets,

onda odaberu drugi put i postaju trombociti,

and these become macrophages,

onda ove postaju makrofage,

and these become T cells.

i od ovih nastaju T ćelije.

But it's really hard, once you ski down,

Ali veoma je teško, kada se jednom spustite,

to get back up.

da se ponovo vratite gore.

Unless, of course, if you have a ski lift.

Osim, naravno, ako imate žičaru.

And what those four chemicals do

I ono što ova četiri elementa rade

is they take any cell

jeste da uzimaju bilo koju ćeliju

and take it way back up the mountain

i vraćaju je na vrh planine

so it can become any body part.

tako da ona može postati bilo koji deo tela.

And as you think of that,

I dok razmišljate o tome,

what it means is potentially

to može značiti

you can rebuild a full copy

da možete rekonstruisati čitavu kopiju

of any organism

bilo kog organizma

out of any one of its cells.

od bilo koje njegove ćelije.

That turns out to be a big deal

To se ispostavilo da je velika stvar

because now you can take, not just mouse cells,

jer sada možete uzeti, ne samo ćeliju miša,

but you can human skin cells

već ćeliju ljudske kože

and turn them into human stem cells.

i pretvoriti je u ljudsku matičnu ćeliju.

And then what they did in October

Ono što su uradili u oktobru

is they took skin cells, turned them into stem cells

jeste da su uzeli ćeliju kože, pretvorili je u matičnu ćeliju

and began to turn them into liver cells.

i počeli da ih pretvaraju u ćelije jetre.

So in theory,

Tako u teoriji,

you could grow any organ from any one of your cells.

možete uzgajiti bilo koji organ od bilo koje vaše ćelije.

Here's a second experiment:

Evo drugog eksperimenta:

If you could photocopy your body,

kada biste fotokopirali vaše telo,

maybe you also want to take your mind.

možda biste takođe želeli da uzmete i svoju svest.

And one of the things you saw at TED

Jedna od stvari koju ste videli na TED-u

about a year and a half ago

pre otprilike godinu ipo dana

was this guy.

je ovaj momak.

And he gave a wonderful technical talk.

I on je imao predivan tehnički govor.

He's a professor at MIT.

On je profesor na MIT-u.

But in essence what he said

Ali suština onoga što je on rekao

is you can take retroviruses,

je da možete uzeti retroviruse,

which get inside brain cells of mice.

koji se ubace u moždane ćelije miša.

You can tag them with proteins

Možete ih označiti proteinima

that light up when you light them.

koji zasvetle kada ih upalite.

And you can map the exact pathways

I možete mapirati tačne puteve

when a mouse sees, feels, touches,

kada miš vidi, oseća, dodiruje,

remembers, loves.

pamti, voli,

And then you can take a fiber optic cable

I potom možete uzeti kabl sa optičkim vlaknima

and light up some of the same things.

i upaliti neke od njih.

And by the way, as you do this,

I uzgred, kako to radite,

you can image it in two colors,

možete označiti sa dve boje,

which means you can download this information

što znači da možete preuzeti tu informaciju

as binary code directly into a computer.

u vidu binarnog koda direktno u vaš računar.

So what's the bottom line on that?

I šta je konačna svrha toga?

Well it's not completely inconceivable

Pa, nije potpuno nezamislivo

that someday you'll be able to download your own memories,

da ćete jednoga dana biti u mogućnosti da preuzimate sopstvene uspomene,

maybe into a new body.

možda u novo telo.

And maybe you can upload other people's memories as well.

A možda ćete takođe moći i da učitate uspomene drugih ljudi.

And this might have just one or two

I ovo bi moglo da ima samo jednu ili dve

small ethical, political, moral implications.

male etičke, političke, moralne posledice.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Just a thought.

To je samo ideja.

Here's the kind of questions

Evo pitanja

that are becoming interesting questions

koja postaju interesantna

for philosophers, for governing people,

filozofima, ljudima na vlasti,

for economists, for scientists.

ekonomistima, naučnicima.

Because these technologies are moving really quickly.

Jer se ove tehnologije razvijaju jako brzo.

And as you think about it,

I dok razmišljate o tome,

let me close with an example of the brain.

završiću sa primerom o mozgu.

The first place where you would expect

Prvo mesto na kom biste očekivali

to see enormous evolutionary pressure today,

da vidite ogromni evolutivni pritisak danas,

both because of the inputs,

zbog velike količine

which are becoming massive,

ulaznih informacija,

and because of the plasticity of the organ,

i zbog plastičnosti samog organa s druge strane,

is the brain.

jeste mozak.

Do we have any evidence that that is happening?

Imamo li ikakav dokaz da se to dešava?

Well let's take a look at something like autism incidence per thousand.

Pogledajmo pojavu autizma na 1000 ljudi.

Here's what it looks like in 2000.

Evo kako je to izgledalo 2000.

Here's what it looks like in 2002,

Evo kako je izgledalo 2002.,

2006, 2008.

2006., 2008.

Here's the increase in less than a decade.

Vidimo povećanje za manje od decenije.

And we still don't know why this is happening.

Ali i dalje ne znamo zašto se to dešava.

What we do know is, potentially,

Ono što znamo jeste da, verovatno,

the brain is reacting in

mozak reaguje

a hyperactive, hyper-plastic way,

na hiperaktivan, hiper-plastičan način

and creating individuals that are like this.

i stvara pojedince koji su poput ovoga.

And this is only one of the conditions that's out there.

I ovo je samo jedan od uslova koji su tamo negde.

You've also got people with who are extraordinarily smart,

Imate takođe i ljude koji su natprosečno pametni,

people who can remember everything they've seen in their lives,

ljude koji se mogu setiti svega što su videli u svom životu,

people who've got synesthesia,

ljude koji imaju sinesteziju,

people who've got schizophrenia.

ljude koji imaju šizofreniju.

You've got all kinds of stuff going on out there,

Svakakve stvari se dešavaju tamo,

and we still don't understand

a mi i dalje ne razumemo

how and why this is happening.

kako i zašto se dešavaju.

But one question you might want to ask is,

Ali možete se zapitati

are we seeing a rapid evolution of the brain

da li mi to vidimo ubrzanu evoluciju mozga

and of how we process data?

i toga kako obrađujemo podatke?

Because when you think of how much data's coming into our brains,

Jer kad pomislite koliko podataka dolazi u naš mozak,

we're trying to take in as much data in a day

pokušavamo da primimo toliko podataka na dan

as people used to take in in a lifetime.

koliko su ljudi primali za ceo život.

And as you're thinking about this,

I dok razmišljate o ovome,

there's four theories as to why this might be going on,

postoje četiri teorije zbog čega se to dešava,

plus a whole series of others.

plus čitava serija drugih.

I don't have a good answer.

Nemam dobar odgovor.

There really needs to be more research on this.

Zaista bi moralo da postoji još istraživanja o ovome.

One option is the fast food fetish.

Jedna opcija je strast ka brzoj hrani.

There's beginning to be some evidence

Počinjemo da dobijamo neke podatke

that obesity and diet

da gojaznost i dijeta

have something to do

imaju neke veze

with gene modifications,

sa modifikacijom gena,

which may or may not have an impact

koji mogu ili ne moraju imati uticaj

on how the brain of an infant works.

na to kako mozak novorođenčeta radi.

A second option is the sexy geek option.

Druga opcija je opcija seksi štrebera.

These conditions are highly rare.

Ovi uslovi su izuzetno retki.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

But what's beginning to happen

Ali ono što počinje da se dešava

is because these geeks are all getting together,

jeste da se ovi štreberi približavaju jedni drugima,

because they are highly qualified for computer programming

jer su visoko kvalifikovani za kompjutersko programiranje

and it is highly remunerated,

što je veoma isplativo,

as well as other very detail-oriented tasks,

kao i drugi poslovi koji su orjentisani na detalje,

that they are concentrating geographically

i koncentrišu se geografski

and finding like-minded mates.

i pronalaze slične partnere.

So this is the assortative mating hypothesis

Ovo je hipoteza udruživanja sličnih

of these genes reinforcing one another

prema kojoj geni podržavaju jedni druge

in these structures.

u ovim strukturama.

The third, is this too much information?

Treće, da li je ovo previše informacija?

We're trying to process so much stuff

Pokušavamo da obradimo toliko stvari

that some people get synesthetic

da neki ljudi dobijaju sinesteziju

and just have huge pipes that remember everything.

i imaju ogromne cevi kako bi zapamtili sve.

Other people get hyper-sensitive to the amount of information.

Drugi ljudi postaju preosetljivi na toliku količinu informacija.

Other people react with various psychological conditions

Drugi ljudi reaguju različitim psihološkim stanjima

or reactions to this information.

ili reakcijama na ove informacije.

Or maybe it's chemicals.

Ili je to možda hemijski.

But when you see an increase

Ali kada vidite uvećanje

of that order of magnitude in a condition,

te veličine kod nekih stanja

either you're not measuring it right

to znači da ih ili ne merite dobro

or there's something going on very quickly,

ili da se nešto dešava vrlo brzo

and it may be evolution in real time.

i to bi mogla biti evolucija u stvarnom vremenu.

Here's the bottom line.

Evo zaključka.

What I think we are doing

Ono šta ja mislim da se dešava

is we're transitioning as a species.

jeste da se menjamo kao vrsta.

And I didn't think this when Steve Gullans and I started writing together.

I nisam mislio ovako kada smo Stiv Galans i ja počeli da radimo zajedno.

I think we're transitioning into Homo evolutis

Mislim da se menjamo u Homo Evolutis

that, for better or worse,

koji, u dobru i zlu,

is not just a hominid that's conscious of his or her environment,

nije samo humanoid koji je svestan sebe u okruženju,

it's a hominid that's beginning to directly and deliberately

to je humanoid koji počinje da direktno i namerno

control the evolution of its own species,

kontroliše evoluciju sopstvene vrste,

of bacteria, of plants, of animals.

bakterija, biljaka, životinja.

And I think that's such an order of magnitude change

I mislim da je to promena takvih razmera

that your grandkids or your great-grandkids

da bi vaši unuci i vaši praunuci

may be a species very different from you.

mogli biti vrlo različita vrsta od vas.

Thank you very much.

Hvala vam puno.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)