Why design should include everyone | Sinéad Burke

Translator: Crtomir Erzen Reviewer: Nika Kotnik

I want to give you a new perspective.

Želim vam pokazati nov pogled na svet.

That sounds grandiose, and it is.

To se sliši veličastno, in tudi je.

I left Ireland yesterday morning.

Irsko sem zapustila včeraj zjutraj.

I traveled from Dublin to New York

Potovala sem iz Dublina v New York,

independently.

samostojno.

But the design of an airport,

Ampak oblika letališča,

plane and terminal

letala in terminala

offers little independence when you're 105 and a half centimeters tall.

ti nudi zelo malo samostojnosti, ko si visok 105 centimetrov in pol.

For Americans, that's 3' 5".

Za Američane, to je 3' 5''.

I was whisked through the airport by airline assistants in a wheelchair.

Skozi letališče sem odbrzela na invalidskem vozičku s pomočjo letalskega asistenta.

Now, I don't need to use a wheelchair,

No, v resnici ne potrebujem invalidskega vozička,

but the design of an airport

ampak zasnova letališča

and its lack of accessibility

in njegovo pomanjkanje prilagojenosti

means that it's my only way to get through.

povzroči, da je to edini način, da pridem skozi.

With my carry-on bag between my feet,

S svojo prtljago med nogami,

I was wheeled through security, preclearance

so me odpeljali skozi varnostni pregled, carino

and I arrived at my boarding gate.

in prispela sem do vrat.

I use the accessibility services in the airport

Pomoč za invalide na letališču uporabljam,

because most of the terminal is just not designed with me in mind.

ker večina terminala enostavno ni primerno oblikovana zame.

Take security, for example.

Vzemimo za primer varnostni pregled.

I'm not strong enough to lift my carry-on bag

Nisem dovolj močna, da bi vzdignila svojo torbo

from the ground to the carousel.

od tal, do tekočega traku.

I stand at eye level with it.

Le-ta je na nivoju mojih oči.

And those who work in that space for safety purposes cannot help me

In ljudje, ki delajo tam, mi zaradi varnostnih razlogov ne smejo pomagati

and cannot do it for me.

in tega ne morejo narediti namesto mene.

Design inhibits my autonomy and my independence.

Oblika ovira mojo samostojnost, in mojo neodvisnost.

But traveling at this size, it isn't all bad.

Ampak potovanje, ko si velik kot jaz, nima samo slabe plati.

The leg room in economy is like business class.

V ekonomskem razredu imaš toliko prostora za noge kot v poslovnem.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

I often forget that I'm a little person.

Pogosto pozabim, da sem mala oseba.

It's the physical environment and society that remind me.

Fizično okolje in družba me spomnijo na to.

Using a public bathroom is an excruciating experience.

Uporaba javnega stranišča je res boleča izkušnja.

I walk into the cubicle

Stopim v kabino,

but I can't reach the lock on the door.

ampak ne dosežem ključavnice na vratih.

I'm creative and resilient.

Sem kreativna in trmasta.

I look around and see if there's a bin that I can turn upside down.

Pogledam naokoli in poizkušam najti koš, ki bi ga lahko obrnila okoli.

Is it safe?

Je varno?

Not really.

Niti ne.

Is it hygienic and sanitary?

Je higienično in čisto?

Definitely not.

Definitivno ne.

But the alternative is much worse.

Ampak alternativa je veliko hujša.

If that doesn't work, I use my phone.

Če to ne uspe, uporabim svoj telefon.

It gives me an additional four- to six-inch reach,

Z njim pridobim dodatnih 10 do 15 centimetrov dosega,

and I try to jam the lock closed with my iPhone.

in poizkušam zagozditi zapah z mojim iPhonom.

Now, I imagine that's not what Jony Ive had in mind when he designed the iPhone,

Mislim, da Jony Ive ni imel tega v mislih, ko je oblikoval iPhone,

but it works.

ampak deluje.

The alternative is that I approach a stranger.

Alternativa je, da pristopim k neznancu.

I apologize profusely

Se na veliko opravičim

and I ask them to stand guard outside my cubicle door.

in jih prosim, če lahko popazijo pred mojo kabino.

They do

To tudi storijo

and I emerge grateful

in jaz izstopim hvaležna,

but absolutely mortified,

a popolnoma ponižana,

and hope that they didn't notice

in upam, da niso opazili,

that I left the bathroom without washing my hands.

da sem stranišče zapustila, ne da bi si umila roke.

I carry hand sanitizer with me every single day

S seboj vsak dan nosim razkužilo za roke,

because the sink, soap dispenser, hand dryer and mirror

ker so umivalnik, milnik, sušilnik rok in ogledalo

are all out of my reach.

postavljeni izven mojega dosega.

Now, the accessible bathroom is somewhat of an option.

No, stranišče za invalide je, recimo da, boljša možnost.

In this space, I can reach the lock on the door,

V tem prostoru lahko dosežem ključavnico od vrat,

the sink, the soap dispenser, the hand dryer and the mirror.

umivalnik, milnik, sušilnik rok in ogledalo.

Yet, I cannot use the toilet.

Vendar, ne morem uporabiti stranišča.

It is deliberately designed higher

Namensko je postavljeno višje,

so that wheelchair users can transfer across with ease.

da se lahko uporabniki vozičkov presedejo brez težav.

This is a wonderful and necessary innovation,

To je odlična in nujna inovacija,

but in the design world, when we describe a new project or idea as accessible,

vendar v svetu oblikovanja, ko projekt ali idejo opišemo kot prilagojeno,

what does that mean?

kaj to pravzaprav pomeni?

Who is it accessible to?

Komu je prilagojeno?

And whose needs are not being accommodated for?

In čigave potrebe niso bile upoštevane?

Now, the bathroom is an example

Stranišče je primer,

of where design impinges upon my dignity,

kjer oblikovanje vpliva na moje dostojanstvo,

but the physical environment impacts upon me in much more casual ways too,

ampak fizično okolje name vpliva tudi v bolj vsakdanjih primerih,

something as simple as ordering a cup of coffee.

nekaj tako enostavnega, kot je naročilo kave.

Now, I'll admit it.

No, priznam.

I drink far too much coffee.

Popijem veliko preveč kave.

My order is a skinny vanilla latte,

Ponavadi naročim lahko belo kavo z vanilijo,

but I'm trying to wean myself off the syrup.

se pa trudim odvaditi od sirupa.

But the coffee shop, it's not designed well,

Ampak kavarna ni dobro oblikovana,

at least not for me.

vsaj ne zame.

Queuing, I'm standing beside the pastry cabinet

Stojim v vrsti, poleg izložbe s pekovskimi izdelki,

and the barista calls for the next order.

in natakar pokliče naslednjega v vrsti.

"Next, please!" they shout.

"Naslednji, prosim!" se zadere.

They can't see me.

Ne more me videti.

The person next to me in the queue points to my existence

Oseba, ki čaka za menoj, pokaže na moj obstoj

and everyone is embarrassed.

in vsem je nerodno.

I order as quick as I can and I move along to collect my coffee.

Naročim, kolikor hitro morem, in se postavim v vrsto za prevzem svoje kave.

Now, think just for a second.

Sedaj pa samo za sekundo pomislite.

Where do they put it?

Kam jo postavijo?

Up high and without a lid.

Visoko gor in brez pokrovčka.

Reaching up to collect a coffee that I have paid for

Seganje gor, da bi vzela kavo, ki sem jo plačala,

is an incredibly dangerous experience.

je izredno nevarna izkušnja.

But design also impinges on the clothes that I want to wear.

Ampak oblikovanje prizadene tudi obleke, ki jih želim obleči.

I want garments that reflect my personality.

Želim si oblačil, ki odsevajo mojo osebnost.

It's difficult to find in the childrenswear department.

Težko jih je najti na otroškem oddelku.

And often womenswear requires far too many alterations.

In pogosto ženska oblačila zahtevajo veliko preveč krojenja.

I want shoes that affect my maturity, professionalism and sophistication.

Želim si čevljev, ki kažejo mojo odraslost, profesionalnost in uglajenost.

Instead, I'm offered sneakers with Velcro straps and light-up shoes.

Namesto tega mi ponudijo teniske na ježke in čevlje z lučkami.

Now, I'm not totally opposed to light-up shoes.

No, nisem popolnoma proti čevljem z lučkami.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

But design also impacts on such simple things,

Ampak oblikovanje vpliva tudi na čisto preproste stvari,

like sitting on a chair.

kot je sedenje na stolu.

I cannot go from a standing to a seating position with grace.

Ne morem se usesti uglajeno.

Due to the standards of design heights of chairs,

Zaradi standardov, ki veljajo pri oblikovanju višine stolov,

I have to crawl on my hands and knees

se moram plaziti po rokah in kolenih,

just to get on top of it,

samo da bi splezala nanj,

whilst also being conscious that it might tip over at any stage.

medtem ko se zavedam, da se lahko vsak trenutek prekucne.

But whilst design impacts on me

Ampak medtem ko oblikovanje vpliva name,

whether it's a chair, a bathroom, a coffee shop, or clothes,

naj bo to stol, stranišče, kavarna ali oblačila,

I rely on and benefit

koristim in se zanašam na

from the kindness of strangers.

prijaznost tujcev.

But not everybody is so nice.

Ampak niso vsi tako prijazni.

I'm reminded that I'm a little person

Da sem mala oseba me opomnijo,

when a stranger points,

ko kažejo s prstom name,

stares,

buljijo,

laughs,

se smejijo,

calls me a name,

me zmerjajo,

or takes a photograph of me.

ali pa me fotografirajo.

This happens almost every day.

To se zgodi skoraj vsak dan.

With the rise of social media, it has given me an opportunity

S porastom socialnih medijev sem dobila možnost

and a platform to have a voice as a blogger and as an activist,

in platformo, da se me sliši kot blogerko in kot aktivistko,

but it has also made me nervous

a me je postalo tudi strah,

that I might become a meme

da bom postala meme

or a viral sensation,

ali viralna senzacija,

all without my consent.

vse to brez mojega privoljenja.

So let's take a moment right now

Vzemimo si sedaj trenutek

to make something very clear.

in razjasnimo nekaj.

The word "midget" is a slur.

Beseda "pritlikavec" je žaljivka.

It evolved from PT Barnum's era of circuses and freak shows.

Razvila se je v času cirkusov in razkazovanja pokvek.

Society has evolved.

Družba se je razvila.

So should our vocabulary.

Moral bi se tudi naš besednjak.

Language is a powerful tool.

Jezik je močno orodje.

It does not just name our society.

Ne samo, da označuje našo družbo.

It shapes it.

Oblikuje jo.

I am incredibly proud to be a little person,

Izredno ponosna sem, da sem mala oseba,

to have inherited the condition of achondroplasia.

da sem podedovala to stanje, imenovano ahondroplazija.

But I am most proud to be Sinead.

Ampak najbolj ponosna sem, da sem Sinead.

Achondroplasia is the most common form of dwarfism.

Ahondroplazija je najbolj pogosta oblika pritlikavosti.

Achondroplasia translates as "without cartilage formation."

Ahondroplazija v prevodu pomeni "brez hrustanca."

I have short limbs and achondroplastic facial features,

Imam kratke okončine in ahondroplastične obrazne poteze,

my forehead and my nose.

moje čelo in moj nos.

My arms do not straighten fully,

Moje roke se ne iztegnejo popolnoma,

but I can lick my elbow.

lahko pa se z jezikom dotaknem komolca.

I'm not showing you that one.

Tega vam ne bom pokazala.

Achondroplasia occurs in approximately one in every 20,000 births.

Ahondroplazija se pojavi približno na vsakih 20.000 porodov.

80 percent of little people are born to two average-height parents.

80 odstotkov malih ljudi se rodi dvema povprečno velikima staršema.

That means that anybody in this room could have a child with achondroplasia.

To pomeni, da se lahko vsakemu v tej sobi rodi otrok z ahondroplazijo.

Yet, I inherited my condition from my dad.

Vendar, jaz sem jo podedovala po svojem očetu.

I'd like to show you a photo of my family.

Rada bi vam pokazala sliko svoje družine.

My mother is average height,

Moja mama je povprečne velikosti,

my father is a little person

moj oče je mala oseba

and I am the eldest of five children.

in jaz sem najstarejša od petih otrok.

I have three sisters and one brother.

Imam tri sestre in enega brata.

They are all average height.

Vsi so povprečne velikosti.

I am incredibly fortunate to have been born into a family

Neverjetno sem srečna, da sem se rodila v družino,

that cultivated my curiosity and my tenacity,

ki je spodbujala mojo zvedavost in mojo trmo,

that protected me from the unkindness and ignorance of strangers

ki me je varovala pred neprijaznostjo in nevednostjo tujcev,

and that armed me with the resilience, creativity and confidence

ki me je oborožila z vztrajnostjo, kreativnostjo in zaupanjem,

that I needed to survive and manipulate the physical environment and society.

ki sem ga potrebovala za preživetje in upravljanje s fizičnim okoljem in družbo.

If I was to pinpoint any reason why I am successful,

Če bi želela izpostaviti en razlog, zakaj sem uspešna,

it is because I was and I am a loved child,

je to zato, ker sem bila in še vedno sem ljubljen otrok,

now, a loved child with a lot of sass and sarcasm,

no, ljubljen otrok z veliko zbadanja in sarkazma,

but a loved child nonetheless.

ampak vseeno ljubljen otrok.

In giving you an insight into who I am today

S tem, ko sem vam dala vpogled v to, kdo sem danes,

I wanted to offer you a new perspective.

sem vam želela ponuditi nov pogled na svet.

I wanted to challenge the idea

Želela sem izzvati idejo,

that design is but a tool to create function and beauty.

da oblikovanje ni samo orodje za ustvarjanje uporabnosti in lepote.

Design greatly impacts upon people's lives,

Oblikovanje v veliki meri vpliva na življenja ljudi,

all lives.

vsa življenja.

Design is a way in which we can feel included in the world,

Oblikovanje je način, s katerim se lahko počutimo vključene v svet,

but it is also a way in which we can uphold a person's dignity

a tudi način, s katerim lahko osebi ohranimo dostojanstvo

and their human rights.

in njihove človeške pravice.

Design can also inflict vulnerability

Oblikovanje lahko tudi zada rane

on a group whose needs aren't considered.

skupini, katere potrebe niso upoštevane.

So today, I want your perceptions challenged.

Zato danes hočem izzvati vaše dojemanje.

Who are we not designing for?

Za koga ne oblikujemo?

How can we amplify their voices

Kako lahko ojačamo njihove glasove

and their experiences?

in njihove izkušnje?

What is the next step?

Kakšen je naslednji korak?

Design is an enormous privilege,

Oblikovanje je velikanski privilegij,

but it is a bigger responsibility.

a je še večja odgovornost.

I want you to open your eyes.

Želim, da odprete oči.

Thank you so much.

Najlepša hvala.

(Applause)

(Aplavz)