Why design should include everyone | Sinéad Burke

Translator: Grace Lai Reviewer: Sylvia He

I want to give you a new perspective.

我想帶畀你哋一個新嘅視野

That sounds grandiose, and it is.

聽起來好壯觀，佢的確係

I left Ireland yesterday morning.

我勤日上晝離開愛爾蘭

I traveled from Dublin to New York

從都柏林飛到紐約

independently.

自己一個人

But the design of an airport,

但係個飛機場

plane and terminal

飛機同機場侯機樓嘅設計

offers little independence when you're 105 and a half centimeters tall.

為身高只有 105.5 厘米嘅人 提供好少嘅獨立空間

For Americans, that's 3' 5".

對美國人嚟講，即係3英尺5英寸

I was whisked through the airport by airline assistants in a wheelchair.

我坐住輪椅，俾工作人員 推住穿過飛機場

Now, I don't need to use a wheelchair,

其實，我唔使坐輪椅

but the design of an airport

但係飛機場嘅設計

and its lack of accessibility

加上佢冇障礙輔助功能

means that it's my only way to get through.

使到我唯有咁來過個飛機場

With my carry-on bag between my feet,

我嘅隨身行李放喺腳邊

I was wheeled through security, preclearance

我被人推過安檢，境外入境審查

and I arrived at my boarding gate.

之後來佐入機口

I use the accessibility services in the airport

我利用無障礙輔助服務

because most of the terminal is just not designed with me in mind.

因為多數侯機設計 都無考慮到我咁嘅人

Take security, for example.

就攞安檢舉個例

I'm not strong enough to lift my carry-on bag

我根本就唔夠大隻將我個隨身行李

from the ground to the carousel.

從地下抬上個運輸帶

I stand at eye level with it.

我同運輸帶差唔多高矮

And those who work in that space for safety purposes cannot help me

係嗰個崗位嘅工作人員 因為安全性嘅緣故

and cannot do it for me.

唔可以幫我

Design inhibits my autonomy and my independence.

設計約束到我嘅自主同獨立能力

But traveling at this size, it isn't all bad.

但係我咁嘅體型去旅遊，都唔係壞事

The leg room in economy is like business class.

經濟艙對我類講，就寬敞到好似商務艙

(Laughter)

(笑聲)

I often forget that I'm a little person.

我經常都會唔記得我係一位矮人

It's the physical environment and society that remind me.

係物理環境同社會提醒我

Using a public bathroom is an excruciating experience.

去公共廁所係一個好痛苦嘅經驗

I walk into the cubicle

我行入去厠所間

but I can't reach the lock on the door.

但係我手掂唔到個門鎖

I'm creative and resilient.

我係有創意同適應能力

I look around and see if there's a bin that I can turn upside down.

我睇下有冇垃圾桶可以畀我反過做凳

Is it safe?

安全？

Not really.

唔係

Is it hygienic and sanitary?

乾淨同衛生？

Definitely not.

肯定唔係

But the alternative is much worse.

但係另外嘅選擇仲衰

If that doesn't work, I use my phone.

如果嗰個方法行唔通，我用手機

It gives me an additional four- to six-inch reach,

佢將我加長四到六英寸

and I try to jam the lock closed with my iPhone.

我試著用我嘅蘋果手機去鎖上個門鎖

Now, I imagine that's not what Jony Ive had in mind when he designed the iPhone,

我惗喬納森艾維 當初設計蘋果唔係畀我咁用嘅

but it works.

但係呢招真係得

The alternative is that I approach a stranger.

另一個辦法就係去搵生普人幫手

I apologize profusely

我會猛咁道歉

and I ask them to stand guard outside my cubicle door.

叫佢哋企喺我廁所間前邊幫我睇住

They do

佢哋就企

and I emerge grateful

之後我猛咁講多謝

but absolutely mortified,

又覺得好尷尬

and hope that they didn't notice

希望佢哋當時冇睇到

that I left the bathroom without washing my hands.

我冇洗手就走咗

I carry hand sanitizer with me every single day

我日日都會隨身帶消毒洗手液

because the sink, soap dispenser, hand dryer and mirror

因為我都唔夠高用

are all out of my reach.

洗手盤，肥皂機，烘乾機，同埋鏡

Now, the accessible bathroom is somewhat of an option.

宜家，無障礙廁所係我另一個選擇

In this space, I can reach the lock on the door,

喺呢個空間裡邊，我可以踮到個門鎖，

the sink, the soap dispenser, the hand dryer and the mirror.

洗手盤，肥皂機，烘乾機，同埋塊鏡

Yet, I cannot use the toilet.

冇錯，我仲係用唔到個馬桶

It is deliberately designed higher

個馬桶設計專登整高啲

so that wheelchair users can transfer across with ease.

咁樣坐輪椅嘅人可以 好容易咁移到馬桶上面

This is a wonderful and necessary innovation,

設計得非常之好，仲有創意

but in the design world, when we describe a new project or idea as accessible,

設計界裡面嘅無障礙

what does that mean?

其實係咩意思呢？

Who is it accessible to?

受益者又係邊個呢？

And whose needs are not being accommodated for?

邊啲人需要但又冇被列入考慮範圍？

Now, the bathroom is an example

廁所就係一個例子

of where design impinges upon my dignity,

佢嘅設計對我嘅尊嚴帶嚟好大打擊

but the physical environment impacts upon me in much more casual ways too,

物理環境更加隨意咁影響我

something as simple as ordering a cup of coffee.

啲好簡單嘅事，比如叫杯咖啡

Now, I'll admit it.

我承認

I drink far too much coffee.

我飲太多咖啡

My order is a skinny vanilla latte,

我通常叫一杯脫脂雲呢嗱拿鐵

but I'm trying to wean myself off the syrup.

我試緊戒糖漿

But the coffee shop, it's not designed well,

個咖啡店設計得唔係幾好

at least not for me.

至少對我來講

Queuing, I'm standing beside the pastry cabinet

我企喺個甜點壁橱隔離個度排隊

and the barista calls for the next order.

咖啡師叫下一個單時

"Next, please!" they shout.

佢哋叫︰「唔該, 下一位啊。」

They can't see me.

佢哋見唔到我

The person next to me in the queue points to my existence

排喺我後邊嘅人會指出我嘅存在

and everyone is embarrassed.

大家都覺得好尷尬

I order as quick as I can and I move along to collect my coffee.

於是我快啲落單，去旁邊等我杯咖啡

Now, think just for a second.

大家用幾秒去惗下

Where do they put it?

佢哋將杯咖啡放喺邊度

Up high and without a lid.

放喺高處，仲冇蓋

Reaching up to collect a coffee that I have paid for

去攞我畀咗錢嘅咖啡

is an incredibly dangerous experience.

係好危險嘅體驗

But design also impinges on the clothes that I want to wear.

連服裝設計都會打擊到我

I want garments that reflect my personality.

我想買啲可以突顯我嘅個性嘅服裝

It's difficult to find in the childrenswear department.

只不過咁嘅樣式，喺童裝部好難搵到

And often womenswear requires far too many alterations.

好多時候女裝需要修改

I want shoes that affect my maturity, professionalism and sophistication.

我想買會顯得我 成熟，專業，同埋有教養嘅鞋

Instead, I'm offered sneakers with Velcro straps and light-up shoes.

但係我得有魔術貼嘅帆布鞋 同會發光嘅鞋可以簡

Now, I'm not totally opposed to light-up shoes.

我唔係完完全全唔鍾意發光鞋

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

But design also impacts on such simple things,

設計同樣影響到一啲好簡單嘅事

like sitting on a chair.

就比如坐喺個凳度

I cannot go from a standing to a seating position with grace.

從企到坐，我都做唔到優雅

Due to the standards of design heights of chairs,

因為凳高度設計嘅標準

I have to crawl on my hands and knees

我要用手同膝頭哥

just to get on top of it,

爬上個凳度

whilst also being conscious that it might tip over at any stage.

而個凳分分鐘跌

But whilst design impacts on me

設計影響我，無論係凳

whether it's a chair, a bathroom, a coffee shop, or clothes,

廁所，咖啡店，亦或買衫

I rely on and benefit

我依靠

from the kindness of strangers.

生普人嘅善意

But not everybody is so nice.

但唔係人人都係好人

I'm reminded that I'm a little person

生普人

when a stranger points,

指住我

stares,

望住我

laughs,

笑我

calls me a name,

同我起花名

or takes a photograph of me.

或影我相，時時提醒我，我係侏儒

This happens almost every day.

幾乎日日都有咁嘅事

With the rise of social media, it has given me an opportunity

隨著社交媒體變得愈嚟愈廣泛

and a platform to have a voice as a blogger and as an activist,

佢畀咗我個平台做博客同行動家

but it has also made me nervous

佢同樣令我緊張

that I might become a meme

喺無經我同意嘅情況下

or a viral sensation,

我可能變成模因

all without my consent.

又或者突然變紅

So let's take a moment right now

所以宜家我哋就用啲時間

to make something very clear.

講清啲事

The word "midget" is a slur.

「侏儒」係個貶義詞

It evolved from PT Barnum's era of circuses and freak shows.

佢係從巴納姆嘅馬戲團 同畸形秀時代演變出嚟

Society has evolved.

社會已經變咗

So should our vocabulary.

所以我咃嘅用詞要跟上

Language is a powerful tool.

語言係一個強大嘅工具

It does not just name our society.

佢唔單止畀我咃社會名義

It shapes it.

佢仲塑造社會

I am incredibly proud to be a little person,

因為軟骨發育不全症遺傳

to have inherited the condition of achondroplasia.

成為矮人，我覺得好自豪

But I am most proud to be Sinead.

我最自豪嘅就係身為西尼德

Achondroplasia is the most common form of dwarfism.

軟骨發育不全症係最常見嘅侏儒症

Achondroplasia translates as "without cartilage formation."

又叫「冇軟骨形成」

I have short limbs and achondroplastic facial features,

我手短腳短 面部有軟骨發育不全嘅特徵

my forehead and my nose.

比如我嘅額頭同鼻

My arms do not straighten fully,

我兩隻手申唔直

but I can lick my elbow.

但係我舔到自己嘅手肘

I'm not showing you that one.

我係唔會秀畀你睇

Achondroplasia occurs in approximately one in every 20,000 births.

每約2萬名新生嬰， 就有一名患上軟骨發育不全症

80 percent of little people are born to two average-height parents.

80% 矮人嘅父母都係中等身高

That means that anybody in this room could have a child with achondroplasia.

即係話任何人都有可能 生軟骨發育不全嘅BB

Yet, I inherited my condition from my dad.

我係因為爸爸嘅遺傳

I'd like to show you a photo of my family.

我畀你哋睇下我嘅全家福

My mother is average height,

我媽咪嘅身高中等

my father is a little person

我爹地係矮人

and I am the eldest of five children.

我係最大嘅家庭成員

I have three sisters and one brother.

我有三個妹，一個細佬

They are all average height.

佢哋都係中等身高

I am incredibly fortunate to have been born into a family

我好幸運生係一個

that cultivated my curiosity and my tenacity,

培養我嘅好奇心同韌力嘅家庭

that protected me from the unkindness and ignorance of strangers

喺陌生人嘅不友善對待， 同愚昧影響下保護我

and that armed me with the resilience, creativity and confidence

令我能屈能伸，

that I needed to survive and manipulate the physical environment and society.

有喺物理環境和社會生存 嘅創意同自信心

If I was to pinpoint any reason why I am successful,

如果我講出我成功嘅一個因素

it is because I was and I am a loved child,

就係，我一直都係一個受寵愛嘅囡囡

now, a loved child with a lot of sass and sarcasm,

一個牙尖嘴利嘅受寵愛囡囡

but a loved child nonetheless.

但無論係點，我都係被寵愛嘅

In giving you an insight into who I am today

我畀咗你哋，一個我係邊個嘅睇法

I wanted to offer you a new perspective.

我想畀你哋一個全新嘅視野

I wanted to challenge the idea

我想要挑戰嘅概念係

that design is but a tool to create function and beauty.

設計係一個創造功能同美麗嘅工具

Design greatly impacts upon people's lives,

設計對人嘅生活影響好大

all lives.

所有人

Design is a way in which we can feel included in the world,

設計係一種令我哋覺得

but it is also a way in which we can uphold a person's dignity

俾世界接納嘅方式

and their human rights.

亦係一個維護尊嚴同人權嘅方式

Design can also inflict vulnerability

設計同樣可以

on a group whose needs aren't considered.

傷害一個需要被忽視嘅群體

So today, I want your perceptions challenged.

所以，今日我想挑戰各位嘅觀念

Who are we not designing for?

我哋設計冇考慮咩人？

How can we amplify their voices

我哋點樣可以放大

and their experiences?

佢哋嘅聲音同經驗？

What is the next step?

下一步係咩？

Design is an enormous privilege,

設計係個龐大嘅特權

but it is a bigger responsibility.

亦係更加大嘅責任

I want you to open your eyes.

我想你哋擘大你哋嘅眼睛

Thank you so much.

多謝大家

(Applause)

（拍手）