Andrew Bastawrous: Get your next eye exam on a smartphone

109,764 views ใƒป 2014-04-30

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Kwangmin Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jeong-Lan Kinser
00:13
There are 39 million people in the world
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—๋Š” 3900๋งŒ๋ช…์˜
00:16
who are blind.
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๋ˆˆ์ด ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
Eighty percent of them
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๊ทธ ์ค‘์— 80%๋Š”
00:20
are living in low-income countries such as Kenya,
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์ผ€๋ƒ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ €์†Œ๋“ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
and the absolute majority
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€
00:25
do not need to be blind.
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๋งน์ธ์ด ๋  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
They are blind from diseases
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์™„๋ฒฝํžˆ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
00:28
that are either completely curable or preventable.
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์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ณ‘๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋งน์ธ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
Knowing this, with my young family,
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์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ๋˜์–ด, ์ €์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
00:34
we moved to Kenya.
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ผ€๋ƒ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
We secured equipment,
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์žฅ๋น„์™€ ์ž๊ธˆ,
00:37
funds, vehicles, we trained a team,
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์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ํŒ€์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
we set up a hundred clinics throughout
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” "์™œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งน์ธ์ด ๋˜์–ด์•ผํ•˜๋‚˜,
00:43
the Great Rift Valley
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ• ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?" ๋ผ๋Š”
00:45
to try and understand a single question:
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
00:48
why are people going blind,
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'The Great Rift Valley' ๋„์ฒ˜์—
00:50
and what can we do?
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100๊ฐœ์˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
The challenges were great.
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์ด๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
When we got to where we were going,
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉ์ ์ง€์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ,
00:58
we set up our high-tech equipment.
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ฒจ๋‹จ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
Power was rarely available.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ „๊ธฐ๋Š” ํฌ๊ท€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
We'd have to run our equipment
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ํœ˜๋ฐœ์œ  ์ „๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด
01:04
from petrol power generators.
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์žฅ๋น„๋“ค์„ ์ž‘๋™์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
And then something occurred to me:
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๊ทธ๋•Œ, ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์ œ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์Šค์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
There has to be an easier way,
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'๋” ์‰ฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ด.
01:11
because it's the patients who are the most in need
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์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ˆ์‹คํ•œ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์ด
01:13
of access to eye care
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๊ทธ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด
01:14
who are the least likely to get it.
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์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์•„.' ๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
01:17
More people in Kenya,
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์‚ฌํ•˜๋ผ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์™€
01:18
and in sub-Saharan Africa,
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์ผ€๋ƒ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
01:20
have access to a mobile phone
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ํ•ธ๋“œํฐ์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€
01:22
than they do clean running water.
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๋ฌผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
So we said, could we harness
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €ํฌ๋Š”, '์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆˆ์„
01:26
the power of mobile technology
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์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ชจ๋ฐ”์ผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ํž˜์„
01:27
to deliver eye care in a new way?
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ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์„๊นŒ?' ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
And so we developed Peek,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” 'Peek'๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
01:31
a smartphone [system] that enables
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'Peek'๋Š” ์˜๋ฃŒ์„œ๋น„์Šค์— ์ข…์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
01:34
community healthcare workers
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์–ด๋””์„œ๋“ ์ง€ ๋ˆˆ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
01:35
and empowers them to deliver eye care everywhere.
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ํ•˜๋Š” ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ (์‹œ์Šคํ…œ)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
We set about replacing traditional hospital equipment,
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€ํ”ผ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ณ , ๋น„์‹ธ๋ฉฐ ๋ถ€์…”์ง€๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด
01:42
which is bulky, expensive and fragile,
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๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๋ณ‘์› ์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ์•ฑ๊ณผ
01:44
with smartphone apps and hardware
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋“ , ์–ด๋Š ์–ธ์–ด๋“ , ๋ช‡์‚ด์ด๋“  ์ƒ๊ด€ ์—†์ด
01:46
that make it possible to test anyone
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๋ˆˆ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด๋กœ
01:48
in any language and of any age.
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๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
Here we have a demonstration
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์„ธ๋‹ฌ ๋œ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€
01:53
of a three-month-old having their vision
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์ €ํฌ์˜ ์–ดํ”Œ๊ณผ ๋ˆˆ ํŠธ๋ž˜์ปค๋กœ
01:55
accurately tested using an app and an eye tracker.
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๋ˆˆ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
We've got many trials going on
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ์™€ ํ•™๊ต๋“ค ๋‚ด์—์„œ
02:05
in the community and in schools,
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์‹œํ—˜์„ ๊ฑฐ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
and through the lessons that we've learned in the field,
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ์ข…์‚ฌํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ์€,
02:09
we've realized it's extremely important
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ˆˆ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ๋•Œ์˜ ์ฆ์„ธ๋ฅผ
02:11
to share the data in non-medical jargon
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์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
02:14
so that people understand
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์‰ฌ์šด ์šฉ์–ด๋กœ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ
02:15
what we're examining and what that means to them.
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๊ณต์œ ํ•ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
So here, for example,
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์–˜๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ
02:19
we use our sight sim application,
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'์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์‹ฌ' ์–ดํ”Œ๋ฆฌ์ผ€์ด์…˜์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆˆ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด,
02:21
once your vision has been measured,
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๋ณดํ˜ธ์ž์™€ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
02:23
to show carers and teachers
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๋ˆˆ์žฅ์• ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ
02:25
what the visual world is like for that person,
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์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ณด๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
so they can empathize with them and help them.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ˆˆ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ณต๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
Once we've discovered somebody has low vision,
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ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์ €์‹œ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋ฉด,
02:34
the next big challenge is to work out why,
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚œ์ œ๋Š” ์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
and to be able to do that,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”,
02:38
we need to have access to the inside of the eye.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ˆˆ ์•ˆ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
Traditionally, this requires expensive equipment
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์ „ํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๋ง๋ง‰์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
02:43
to examine an area called the retina.
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๊ฐ’๋น„์‹ผ ์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
The retina is the single part of the eye that has
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๋ง๋ง‰์€ ๋ˆˆ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ์จ
02:48
huge amounts of information about the body
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์‹ ์ฒด์™€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€
02:50
and its health.
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์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ•จ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
We've developed 3D-printed,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 3D-ํ”„๋ฆฐํŒ…์œผ๋กœ
02:53
low-cost hardware
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์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ 5๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ์ €๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋“œ๋Š”
02:55
that comes in at less than five dollars to produce,
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ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:57
which can then be clipped onto a smartphone
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์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋Š” ์ด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์— ๋ถ€์ฐฉํ•˜์—ฌ
03:00
and makes it possible to get views
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๋ˆˆ ๋’ท๋ถ€๋ถ„์„
03:01
of the back of the eye
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๋†’์€ ํ™”์งˆ๋กœ
03:03
of a very high quality.
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๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
And the beauty is, anybody can do it.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์˜ ์žฅ์ ์€, ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
In our trials on over two and half thousand people,
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2500 ์ด ๋„˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์‹คํ—˜ํ•ด๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ,
03:10
the smartphone with the add-on clip
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์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์— ๋ถ€์ฐฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฅ๋น„์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด
03:12
is comparable to a camera
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๊ทธ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋น„์‹ธ๊ณ 
03:14
that is hugely more expensive
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์ด๋™ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์žฅ๋น„์™€
03:16
and hugely more difficult to transport.
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๋งž๋จน๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
When we first moved to Kenya,
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ผ€๋ƒ๋กœ ์™”์„ ๋•Œ,
03:21
we went with 150,000 dollars of equipment,
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150,000 ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์–ด์น˜์˜ ์žฅ๋น„์™€
03:24
a team of 15 people,
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15 ๋ช…์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ์ธ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐ”๋Š”๋ฐ,
03:27
and that was what was needed to deliver health care.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜๋ฃŒ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ž์›์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
Now, all that's needed
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„
03:32
is a single person
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๋‹จ ํ•œ๋ช…์ด ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ
03:34
on a bike with a smartphone.
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ํƒ€๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
And it costs just 500 dollars.
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๋‹จ์ง€ 500 ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฐ–์— ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
The issue of power supply
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์ „๊ธฐ๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘์—ด์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
03:43
is overcome by harnessing the power of solar.
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์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
Our healthcare workers travel
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ์ง„์€
03:46
with a solar-powered rucksack
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ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ์ „ํŒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์„ ๋งค๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
03:48
which keeps the phone charged and backed up.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ธ๋“œํฐ์„ ์ถฉ์ „ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
Now we go to the patient
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ
03:53
rather than waiting for the patient never to come.
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์ง์ ‘ ์ฐพ์•„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
We go to them in their homes
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์˜๋ฃŒ์ง„๋“ค์€ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„œ
03:57
and we give them the most comprehensive,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ด„์ ์ด๊ณ 
03:59
high-tech, accurate examination,
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์ตœ์‹ ํ˜•์ด๋ฉฐ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
04:01
which can be delivered by anyone with minimal training.
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๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ต์œก ์—†์ด ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
We can link global experts
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์„
04:08
with people in the most rural,
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์ด๋ฅด๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“  ์ง€์—ญ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š”
04:10
difficult-to-reach places
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์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค๊ณผ
04:11
that are beyond the end of the road,
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์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
effectively putting those experts in their homes,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์„ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด์„œ
04:15
allowing us to make diagnoses
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๊ฒ€์ง„์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ณ 
04:17
and make plans for treatment.
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์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์žก๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
Project managers, hospital directors,
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ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๋งค๋‹ˆ์ €, ๋ณ‘์› ์ฑ…์ž„์ž๋“ค์€
04:23
are able to search on our interface
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
04:25
by any parameter they may be interested in.
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ํŠน์ • ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
Here in Nakuru, where I've been living,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‚˜์ฟ ๋ฃจ์—์„œ๋Š”
04:29
we can search for people
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ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋ณ‘์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์„
04:30
by whatever condition.
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์ฐพ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
Here are people who are blind
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ, ์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฐฑ๋‚ด์žฅ์— ๊ฑธ๋ ค
04:33
from a curable condition cataract.
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์‹œ๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
Each red pin depicts somebody
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๊ฐ ๋ถ‰์€ ์ ์€ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ณ 
04:37
who is blind from a disease that is curable
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์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
04:40
and treatable, and they're locatable.
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ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
We can use bulk text messaging services
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ž ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
04:44
to explain that we're coming to arrange a treatment.
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์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณต์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
What's more, we've learned that this is something
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๋˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ์€, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
04:50
that we haven't built just for the community
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ,
04:52
but with the community.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
Those blue pins that drop represent
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ํŒŒ๋ž€ ์ ๋“ค์€
04:56
elders, or local leaders,
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์—ฐ์žฅ์ž๋‚˜ ์ง€์—ญ ์ง€๋„์ž๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
04:58
that are connected to those people
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•  ํ™˜์ž์™€
04:59
who can ensure that we can find them
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์—ฐ๋ฝ์ด ๋‹ฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
05:00
and arrange treatment.
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๋„์™€์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
So for patients like Mama Wangari,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งˆ๋งˆ ์™•๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์„ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
05:05
who have been blind for over 10 years
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” 10๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋งน์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ด์•„์™”๊ณ 
05:07
and never seen her grandchildren,
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์†์ž, ์†๋…€๋ฅผ ์•„์ง ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
for less than 40 dollars, we can restore her eyesight.
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40๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ ์€ ๋ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์‹œ๋ ฅ์„ ๋˜์ฐพ์•„์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
This is something that has to happen.
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์ด์ผ์€ ๊ผญ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
It's only in statistics
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์˜ค์ง ํ†ต๊ณ„์ž๋ฃŒ์—์„œ๋งŒ
05:19
that people go blind by the millions.
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๋ฐฑ๋งŒ๋ช…์ด ์‹œ๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
The reality is everyone goes blind on their own.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ๋งŒ์ด ์‹œ๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
But now, they might just be
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
05:28
a text message away from help.
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๋ฌธ์ž๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋„์›€์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
05:37
And now because live demos are always a bad idea,
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์ž, ์‹ค์ œ ์‹œ๋ฒ”์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ์„œ,
05:39
we're going to try a live demo.
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์ด์ œ ์‹ค์ œ ์‹œ๋ฒ”์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:42
So here we have the Peek Vision app.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ, ํ”ผํฌ ๋น„์ „ ์•ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
Okay, and what we're looking at here,
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์ž, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
05:54
this is Sam's optic nerve,
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๋‡Œ๋กœ ์ง์ ‘ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ
05:56
which is a direct extension of her brain,
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์ƒ˜์˜ ์‹œ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
so I'm actually looking at her brain as we look there.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์…ˆ์ด์ฃ .
06:01
We can see all parts of the retina.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ง๋ง‰์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
It makes it possible to pick up diseases
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋ฐœ๋ณ‘ํ•œ ๋ณ‘์ด๋‚˜
06:07
of the eye and of the body
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์‹ ์ฒด์— ๋ฐœ๋ณ‘ํ•œ ๋ณ‘์„ ํƒ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:09
that would not be possible without access to the eye,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆˆ ๋‚ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
06:12
and that clip-on device can be manufactured
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ถ€์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋””๋ฐ”์ด์Šค๋Š”
06:13
for just a few dollars,
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๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฐ’์— ์ œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด
06:15
and people can be cured of blindness,
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‹œ๋ ฅ์„ ๋˜์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
and I think it says a lot about us as a human race
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์ธ๋ฅ˜๋กœ์จ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฒ•์„ ์•„๋Š” ๋ฐ๋„
06:20
if we've developed cures and we don't deliver them.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
์ˆ˜์น˜์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
But now we can.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:24
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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