Bjorn Lomborg: Global priorities bigger than climate change

312,140 views ใƒป 2007-01-12

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Jonghoon JANG ๊ฒ€ํ† : Wonhee Lee
00:25
What I'd like to talk about is really the biggest problems in the world.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
I'm not going to talk about "The Skeptical Environmentalist" --
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ใ€ŽํšŒ์˜์  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์˜์žใ€์–˜๊ธธ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ตฌ์š”. (*๋น„์™ธ๋ฅธ ๋กฌ๋ณด๋ฅด์˜ ์ €์„œ)
00:31
probably that's also a good choice.
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๋ญ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
00:33
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:34
But I am going talk about: what are the big problems in the world?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
And I must say, before I go on, I should ask every one of you
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์‹œ์ž‘์— ์•ž์„œ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜
00:40
to try and get out pen and paper
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ํŽœ๊ณผ ์ข…์ด๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋‚ด์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€ํƒ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
because I'm actually going to ask you to help me to look at how we do that.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์ ฏ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋‚ด๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
00:45
So get out your pen and paper.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์šฐ์„  ํŽœ๊ณผ ์ข…์ด๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋‚ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
00:47
Bottom line is, there is a lot of problems out there in the world.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€, ์„ธ์ƒ์—” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋„๋ ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
I'm just going to list some of them.
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๊ทธ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€์˜ ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณผ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
There are 800 million people starving.
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8์–ต์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ตถ์–ด์ฃฝ์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
There's a billion people without clean drinking water.
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๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ์‹์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด 10์–ต ์ •๋„ ์žˆ๊ตฌ์š”.
00:55
Two billion people without sanitation.
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20์–ต์€ ์œ„์ƒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
There are several million people dying of HIV and AIDS.
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์—์ด์ฆˆ๋กœ ์ฃฝ์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
The lists go on and on.
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๋ชฉ๋ก์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์† ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
There's two billions of people who will be severely affected by climate change -- so on.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ํƒ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ 20์–ต ์ •๋„ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ..
01:07
There are many, many problems out there.
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์„ธ์ƒ์—” ๋งŽ๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
01:09
In an ideal world, we would solve them all, but we don't.
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์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ์„ธ์ƒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ „๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
We don't actually solve all problems.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
And if we do not, the question I think we need to ask ourselves --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ ธ์•ผ ํ•  ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ --
01:19
and that's why it's on the economy session -- is to say,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์„ธ์…˜์—์„œ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑฐ๊ตฌ์š” --
01:22
if we don't do all things, we really have to start asking ourselves,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ์„ ํ•ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด์ฏค์—์„œ ์ž๋ฌธํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
which ones should we solve first?
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
01:27
And that's the question I'd like to ask you.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ๋ฌป๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
If we had say, 50 billion dollars over the next four years to spend
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ 4๋…„๋™์•ˆ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ์ด๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ˆ
01:34
to do good in this world, where should we spend it?
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์ด๋ฅผํ…Œ๋ฉด 500์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ๋ˆ์„ ์–ด๋””์— ์จ์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
01:37
We identified 10 of the biggest challenges in the world,
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‹œ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค 10๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์ถ”๋ ค๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
and I will just briefly read them:
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์งง๊ฒŒ ์ฝ์–ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
climate change, communicable diseases, conflicts, education,
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๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”, ์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘, ๋ถ„์Ÿ, ๊ต์œก
01:44
financial instability, governance and corruption,
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๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•, ๋…์žฌ์™€ ๋ถ€์ •๋ถ€ํŒจ,
01:46
malnutrition and hunger, population migration,
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์˜์–‘๊ฒฐํ•๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๊ทผ, ์ธ๊ตฌ ์ด์ฃผ,
01:49
sanitation and water, and subsidies and trade barriers.
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์œ„์ƒ๊ณผ ์‹์ˆ˜, ์ •๋ถ€๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ๊ณผ ๋ฌด์—ญ์žฅ๋ฒฝ.
01:52
We believe that these in many ways
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์ด ์ •๋„๋ฉด ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ตต์งํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„
01:54
encompass the biggest problems in the world.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ค˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
The obvious question would be to ask,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ผญ ๋˜์ ธ์•ผ ํ•  ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด
01:58
what do you think are the biggest things?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
Where should we start on solving these problems?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ์–ด๋””์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ’€์–ด๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
02:03
But that's a wrong problem to ask.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
That was actually the problem that was asked in Davos in January.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฑด 1์›” ๋‹ค๋ณด์Šค์˜ ํฌ๋Ÿผ์—์„œ ๋˜์ ธ์ง„ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
But of course, there's a problem in asking people to focus on problems.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ์—๋งŒ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
Because we can't solve problems.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
02:14
Surely the biggest problem we have in the world is that we all die.
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์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ณ ๋ฏผ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ฃฝ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
02:17
But we don't have a technology to solve that, right?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋ณผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑด ์—†์ฃ . ์•ˆ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:19
So the point is not to prioritize problems,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์š”์ ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋งค๊ธฐ๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
02:22
but the point is to prioritize solutions to problems.
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๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์— ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋งค๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
And that would be -- of course that gets a little more complicated.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ข€ ๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
To climate change that would be like Kyoto.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋ฌธ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ตํ†  ์˜์ •์„œ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ณ ,
02:31
To communicable diseases, it might be health clinics or mosquito nets.
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์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ณด๊ฑด์†Œ๋‚˜ ๋ชจ๊ธฐ์žฅ,
02:34
To conflicts, it would be U.N.'s peacekeeping forces, and so on.
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๋ถ„์Ÿ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋ผ๋ฉด UNํ‰ํ™”์œ ์ง€๊ตฐ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
02:37
The point that I would like to ask you to try to do,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด๋ณด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์š”์ ์€
02:42
is just in 30 seconds -- and I know this is in a sense
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30์ดˆ ์•ˆ์— - ๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ ์ €๋„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค -
02:45
an impossible task -- write down what you think
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์šฐ์„  ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ
02:47
is probably some of the top priorities.
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์จ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
And also -- and that's, of course, where economics gets evil --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  - ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์€ -
02:52
to put down what are the things we should not do, first.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์šฐ์„  ๋ชฉ๋ก ์•„๋ž˜์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋นผ์ฃผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
02:55
What should be at the bottom of the list?
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๊ทธ ๋ชฉ๋ก์˜ ์ œ์ผ ์•„๋ž˜์— ๊ฐ€์•ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ๋ญ˜๊นŒ์š”?
02:57
Please, just take 30 seconds, perhaps talk to your neighbor,
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30์ดˆ ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜†์‚ฌ๋žŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ์˜ํ•˜์…”๋„ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
and just figure out what should be the top priorities
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€์ง€ ์งš์–ด๋‚ด์‹œ๊ณ 
03:02
and the bottom priorities of the solutions that we have
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์  ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ… ์ค‘
03:04
to the world's biggest issues.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์งš์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
03:06
The amazing part of this process -- and of course, I mean,
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์ด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ ์€ - ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ „ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ -
03:09
I would love to -- I only have 18 minutes,
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์ œ๊ฒ 18๋ถ„ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋Š”๋ฐ,
03:11
I've already given you quite a substantial amount of my time, right?
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์ด๋ฏธ ์ œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘์— ์ƒ๋‹น๋ถ„์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋“œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
03:13
I'd love to go into, and get you to think about this process,
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ํ•˜๋‚˜ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์งš์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ , ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:17
and that's actually what we did.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
03:19
And I also strongly encourage you,
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๋˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๊ฒฉ๋ คํ•ด์„œ
03:21
and I'm sure we'll also have these discussions afterwards,
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๊ณ„์† ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ† ๋ก ๋“ค์„ ์ด์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
to think about, how do we actually prioritize?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
03:25
Of course, you have to ask yourself,
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ์ž๋ฌธํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
why on Earth was such a list never done before?
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๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ์™œ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊ป ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„๊นŒ์š”?
03:29
And one reason is that prioritization is incredibly uncomfortable.
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์ฒ™ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
Nobody wants to do this.
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์€๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
03:36
Of course, every organization would love to be on the top of such a list.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์ฒด๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์˜ ๊ผญ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์— ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
But every organization would also hate to be not on the top of the list.
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๋™์‹œ์— ๊ทธ ์ •์ ์— ์„œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊ทธ๋งŒํผ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
And since there are many more not-number-one spots on the list
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๊ทธ ๋ชฉ๋ก์—๋Š” ๋‹จ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ตœ์šฐ์„  ์ˆœ์œ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
03:46
than there is number ones, it makes perfect sense
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์ตœ์šฐ์„ ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์Šˆ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
03:49
not to want to do such a list.
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ชฉ๋ก ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์„๋งŒ๋„ ํ•˜์ฃ . ๋ง ๋˜์ฃ ?
03:51
We've had the U.N. for almost 60 years,
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UN์ด ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚œ์ง€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 60๋…„์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ
03:53
yet we've never actually made a fundamental list
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์•„์ง ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ตต์งํ•œ ์ผ๋“ค์˜
03:56
of all the big things that we can do in the world,
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๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
and said, which of them should we do first?
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฑธ ๋จผ์ € ํ•ด์•ผํ• ๊นŒ? ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง๋งŒ ํ•ด์™”์ฃ .
04:01
So it doesn't mean that we are not prioritizing --
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋งค๊ธฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค -
04:04
any decision is a prioritization, so of course we are still prioritizing,
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์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋งค๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
if only implicitly -- and that's unlikely to be as good
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์–ด๋–ค ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ๋Š” ๋Š˜ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋งค๊ฒจ์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ . ์•”๋ฌต์ ์œผ๋กœ์š”.
04:11
as if we actually did the prioritization,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:13
and went in and talked about it.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒํผ ์ข‹๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†๊ฒ ์ฃ .
04:15
So what I'm proposing is really to say that we have,
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฝค ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ
04:17
for a very long time, had a situation when we've had a menu of choices.
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๋ฉ”๋‰ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋งŒ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
There are many, many things we can do out there,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ(๋ฉ”๋‰ด)์€ ๋งค์šฐ๋งค์šฐ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ
04:23
but we've not had the prices, nor the sizes.
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๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ๋„, ์‚ฌ์ด์ฆˆ๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
We have not had an idea.
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๋ญ˜ ๊ณจ๋ผ์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ๋ชฐ๋ž๋˜๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
04:28
Imagine going into a restaurant and getting this big menu card,
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ํฐ ๋ฉ”๋‰ดํŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
04:31
but you have no idea what the price is.
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๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
04:33
You know, you have a pizza; you've no idea what the price is.
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ํ”ผ์ž๋ฅผ ๋จน์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ.. ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
It could be at one dollar; it could be 1,000 dollars.
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1๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐ–์— ์•ˆํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , 1000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
It could be a family-size pizza;
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ํŒจ๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์ฆˆ ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
04:39
it could be a very individual-size pizza, right?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์กฐ๊ฐ ํ”ผ์ž๊ฑฐ๋‚˜์š”.
04:41
We'd like to know these things.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
And that is what the Copenhagen Consensus is really trying to do --
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์ฝ”ํŽœํ•˜๊ฒ ์ปจ์„ผ์„œ์Šค์—์„œ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์ผ๋“ค๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ๋“ค-
04:45
to try to put prices on these issues.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์Šˆ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์— ๊ฐ’์„ ๋งค๊ธฐ๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
And so basically, this has been the Copenhagen Consensus' process.
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์ฝ”ํŽœํ•˜๊ฒ ์ปจ์„ผ์„œ์Šค์˜ ์ง„ํ–‰๊ณผ์ •์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (*2009๋…„์˜ ์ฝ”ํŽœํ•˜๊ฒ ํšŒ์˜์™€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฆ„)
04:51
We got 30 of the world's best economists, three in each area.
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๊ฐ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ 3๋ช…์”ฉ, ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž 30๋ช…์„ ๋ฝ‘์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
So we have three of world's top economists write about climate change.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋ถ€๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋„ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž 3๋ช…์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
04:58
What can we do? What will be the cost
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”? ๋น„์šฉ์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋“ค๊นŒ์š”?
05:01
and what will be the benefit of that?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์ด๋“์ด ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
05:02
Likewise in communicable diseases.
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์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
Three of the world's top experts saying, what can we do?
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ ๋ช…์ด '๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€'
05:07
What would be the price?
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๋น„์šฉ์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋“œ๋Š”์ง€
05:08
What should we do about it, and what will be the outcome?
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ์–ป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€
05:11
And so on.
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๋“ฑ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃน๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
Then we had some of the world's top economists,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋ช‡ ๋ช… -
05:14
eight of the world's top economists, including three Nobel Laureates,
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๋…ธ๋ฒจ์ƒ ์ˆ˜์ƒ์ž 3๋ช…์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™ ์„ํ•™ 8๋ช…์„
05:18
meet in Copenhagen in May 2004.
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2004๋…„ 5์›” ์ฝ”ํŽœํ•˜๊ฒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:21
We called them the "dream team."
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ด ๋ถ„๋“ค์„ ๋“œ๋ฆผํŒ€์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ €์ฃ .
05:23
The Cambridge University prefects decided to call them
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์บ ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ง€๋ถ€์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด ๋ถ„๋“ค์„
05:26
the Real Madrid of economics.
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๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™๊ณ„์˜ ๋ ˆ์•Œ ๋งˆ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋“œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
That works very well in Europe, but it doesn't really work over here.
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ†ตํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„  ์•ˆํ†ตํ•˜๋„ค์š”. ^_^;
05:30
And what they basically did was come out with a prioritized list.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„ ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
And then you ask, why economists?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์‹œ๊ฒ ์ฃ . ์™œ ํ•˜ํ•„ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž๋ƒ?
05:36
And of course, I'm very happy you asked that question -- (Laughter) --
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ๋งค์šฐ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์›ƒ์Œ)
05:38
because that's a very good question.
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๋งค์šฐ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
The point is, of course, if you want to know about malaria,
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์š”์ ์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก , ๋ง๋ผ๋ฆฌ์•„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š”
05:43
you ask a malaria expert.
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๋ง๋ผ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
If you want to know about climate, you ask a climatologist.
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๊ธฐํ›„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ๋ฉด ๊ธฐํ›„ํ•™์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด์•ผ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
05:47
But if you want to know which of the two you should deal with first,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋จผ์ € ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:50
you can't ask either of them, because that's not what they do.
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๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
05:53
That is what economists do.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
They prioritize.
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์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋งค๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:56
They make that in some ways disgusting task of saying, which one should we do first,
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ข€ ๊ป„๋„๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ผ์ด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ๋จผ์ €ํ•˜๊ณ 
06:01
and which one should we do afterwards?
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
So this is the list, and this is the one I'd like to share with you.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“  ๋ชฉ๋ก์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ตฌ์š”.
06:06
Of course, you can also see it on the website,
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์—์„œ๋„ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
and we'll also talk about it more, I'm sure, as the day goes on.
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ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜๊ฑด๋ฐ, ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์ ์  ๋” ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
They basically came up with a list where they said
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉฐ
06:13
there were bad projects -- basically, projects
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๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
where if you invest a dollar, you get less than a dollar back.
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1๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ํˆฌ์žํ•  ๋•Œ ์ˆ˜์ž…์ด 1๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ๋ชป ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:19
Then there's fair projects, good projects and very good projects.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿญ์ €๋Ÿญ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ, ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ, ๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
And of course, it's the very good projects we should start doing.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ œ์ผ ๋จผ์ € ํ•ด์•ผํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์€ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
06:25
I'm going to go from backwards
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๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋“ค์„ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
06:27
so that we end up with the best projects.
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์ผ๋‹จ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋’ค๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ ์•ˆ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
These were the bad projects.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์•ˆ์ข‹์€ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
As you might see the bottom of the list was climate change.
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์ด ๋ชฉ๋ก ์•„๋žซ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:35
This offends a lot of people, and that's probably one of the things
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์‹ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ธ๋ฐ, ์•„๋งˆ๋„
06:39
where people will say I shouldn't come back, either.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด "์Ÿค ์™œ ๋˜ ์™”๋ƒ"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ด์œ  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ผ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:41
And I'd like to talk about that, because that's really curious.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ € ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด, ์ •๋ง ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ด์„œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:43
Why is it it came up?
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๊ทธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์™œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š๋ƒ?
06:45
And I'll actually also try to get back to this
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์žˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜ฌํ…๋ฐ
06:47
because it's probably one of the things
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋งŒ๋“  ๋ชฉ๋ก ์ค‘์—์„œ ๋™์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š”
06:49
that we'll disagree with on the list that you wrote down.
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๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
The reason why they came up with saying that Kyoto --
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ตํ†  ํ˜‘์•ฝ ํ˜น์€ ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
06:54
or doing something more than Kyoto -- is a bad deal
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์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์„ ํƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
06:56
is simply because it's very inefficient.
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„ํšจ์œจ์ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
It's not saying that global warming is not happening.
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์ง€๊ตฌ ์˜จ๋‚œํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
It's not saying that it's not a big problem.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
But it's saying that what we can do about it
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๋‹ค๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์€
07:04
is very little, at a very high cost.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ ์€๋ฐ ๋น„ํ•ด, ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
What they basically show us, the average of all macroeconomic models,
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฑฐ์‹œ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
07:11
is that Kyoto, if everyone agreed, would cost about 150 billion dollars a year.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค์น˜๋ฉด, ๊ตํ†  ์˜์ •์„œ๋ฅผ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋งค๋…„ 1500์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
That's a substantial amount of money.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์–‘์˜ ๋ˆ์ด์ฃ .
07:18
That's two to three times the global development aid
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งค๋…„ ์ œ 3 ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์ฃผ๋Š”
07:20
that we give the Third World every year.
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์ „์ฒด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์›์กฐ์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ ๋‚ด์ง€ ์„ธ ๋ฐฐ์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:22
Yet it would do very little good.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋“์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
All models show it will postpone warming for about six years in 2100.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ 2100๋…„์— ์˜จ๋‚œํ™”๋ฅผ 6๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋Šฆ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
So the guy in Bangladesh who gets a flood in 2100 can wait until 2106.
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๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ์—์„œ 2100๋…„์— ํ™์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒช์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด 2106๋…„๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
07:32
Which is a little good, but not very much good.
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์ž‘์€ ๋„์›€์€ ๋˜๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ํฐ ๋„์›€์€ ์•ˆ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
So the idea here really is to say, well, we've spent a lot of money doing a little good.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋“์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์— ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋ˆ์„ ์Ÿ์•„๋ถ“๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:39
And just to give you a sense of reference,
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์ฐธ๊ณ  ์‚ผ์•„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฉด
07:41
the U.N. actually estimate that for half that amount,
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UN์˜ ์ถ”์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์ž๊ธˆ์ธ
07:43
for about 75 billion dollars a year,
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๋งค๋…„ 750์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ์ž๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ
07:45
we could solve all major basic problems in the world.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
We could give clean drinking water, sanitation, basic healthcare
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์ง€๊ตฌ ์ƒ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ์‹์ˆ˜, ์œ„์ƒ, ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ณด๊ฑด
07:51
and education to every single human being on the planet.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
So we have to ask ourselves, do we want to spend twice the amount
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ˆ์„
07:58
on doing very little good?
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์–ผ๋งˆ ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์“ฐ๊ธธ ์›ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ž๋ฌธํ•ด๋ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
Or half the amount on doing an amazing amount of good?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์“ธ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์˜ ๋ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์–‘์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋“ ์ง€์š”.
08:02
And that is really why it becomes a bad project.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋Œ€์ฑ…์ด ๋‚˜์œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋œ ์ง„์งœ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
It's not to say that if we had all the money in the world, we wouldn't want to do it.
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๋ˆ์ด ์•„๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ๋งŽ์•„๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑธ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
But it's to say, when we don't, it's just simply not our first priority.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ตœ์šฐ์„  ์ˆœ์œ„๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
The fair projects -- notice I'm not going to comment on all these --
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๊ทธ๋Ÿญ์ €๋Ÿญ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ - ์ „๋ถ€ ๋‹ค ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜์ง„ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค -
08:15
but communicable diseases, scale of basic health services -- just made it,
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๊ทธ ์ค‘ ์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ๋ณด๊ฑด ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ๋ณด๊ธ‰๋งŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:19
simply because, yes, scale of basic health services is a great thing.
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ๋ณด๊ฑด ์„œ๋น„์Šค ๋ณด๊ธ‰์€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:22
It would do a lot of good, but it's also very, very costly.
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ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ˆ์ด ๋งค์šฐ๋งค์šฐ ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:25
Again, what it tells us is suddenly
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๋‹ค์‹œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š” ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ
08:27
we start thinking about both sides of the equation.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์˜ ์–‘์ชฝ ์ธก๋ฉด์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
If you look at the good projects, a lot of sanitation and water projects came in.
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์ข‹์€ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ž๋ฉด, ์œ„์ƒ๊ณผ ์‹์ˆ˜ ๋ณด๊ธ‰ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:33
Again, sanitation and water is incredibly important,
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์œ„์ƒ๊ณผ ์‹์ˆ˜๋„ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
but it also costs a lot of infrastructure.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์˜ ์ธํ”„๋ผ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:38
So I'd like to show you the top four priorities
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ธ์ƒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๋•Œ
08:40
which should be at least the first ones that we deal with
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์ ์–ด๋„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š”
08:43
when we talk about how we should deal with the problems in the world.
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์ƒ์œ„ 4์œ„๊ถŒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆด๊นŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
The fourth best problem is malaria -- dealing with malaria.
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4์œ„๋Š” ๋ง๋ผ๋ฆฌ์•„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
The incidence of malaria is about a couple of [million] people get infected every year.
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๋งค๋…„ ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐฑ๋งŒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ง๋ผ๋ฆฌ์•„์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
It might even cost up towards a percentage point of GDP
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๋ง๋ผ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๊ฐ์—ผ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ๋Š”
08:58
every year for affected nations.
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๋งค๋…„ GDP์˜ ์ˆ˜ ํผ์„ผํŠธ์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„์šฉ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:00
If we invested about 13 billion dollars over the next four years,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ 4๋…„ ์ •๋„ 130์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ํˆฌ์žํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
09:04
we could bring that incidence down to half.
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๊ฐ์—ผ์œจ์„ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
We could avoid about 500,000 people dying,
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๋งค๋…„ 50๋งŒ๋ช…์„ ์‚ฌ๋ง์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ตฌํ•ด๋‚ด๊ณ 
09:09
but perhaps more importantly, we could avoid about a [million] people
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๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค๋…„ 100๋งŒ๋ช…์˜
09:12
getting infected every year.
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๊ฐ์—ผ์„ ๋ง‰์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
We would significantly increase their ability
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ง๋ผ๋ฆฌ์•„์— ์‹œ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด์„œ ์†๋Œ€์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜
09:15
to deal with many of the other problems that they have to deal with --
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋„ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
of course, in the long run, also to deal with global warming.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋ฉด, ์ง€๊ตฌ ์˜จ๋‚œํ™”์—๋„ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
09:22
This third best one was free trade.
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3์œ„๋Š” ์ž์œ  ๋ฌด์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
Basically, the model showed that if we could get free trade,
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๋ชจ๋ธ์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž์œ  ๋ฌด์—ญ์ด ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ๋˜๋ฉด
09:28
and especially cut subsidies in the U.S. and Europe,
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์˜ ์ •๋ถ€ ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ์„ ์ฒ ํํ•  ์‹œ์—
09:31
we could basically enliven the global economy
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๋งค๋…„ 2์กฐ 4์ฒœ์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜
09:35
to an astounding number of about 2,400 billion dollars a year,
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ํ™œ์„ฑ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ 
09:39
half of which would accrue to the Third World.
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๊ทธ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์ด์ต์ด ์ œ 3 ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
Again, the point is to say that we could actually pull
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
09:44
two to three hundred million people out of poverty,
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2๋…„์—์„œ 5๋…„ ์ •๋„์˜ ๋งค์šฐ ์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์•ˆ์—
09:47
very radically fast, in about two to five years.
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2, 3์–ต์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋‚œ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ตฌ์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:50
That would be the third best thing we could do.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ ์ค‘ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
The second best thing would be to focus on malnutrition.
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2์œ„๋Š” ์˜์–‘์‹ค์กฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
Not just malnutrition in general, but there's a very cheap way
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์˜์–‘์‹ค์กฐ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
09:59
of dealing with malnutrition, namely, the lack of micronutrients.
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๋ฏธ๋Ÿ‰ ์˜์–‘์†Œ ๊ฒฐํ•์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ๊ฐ’์‹ผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:02
Basically, about half of the world's population is lacking in
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์ด
10:05
iron, zinc, iodine and vitamin A.
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์ฒ ๋ถ„, ์•„์—ฐ, ์š”์˜ค๋“œ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ A ๋ถ€์กฑ์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
If we invest about 12 billion dollars,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— 120์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ํˆฌ์žํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:09
we could make a severe inroad into that problem.
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๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์— ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
That would be the second best investment that we could do.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
And the very best project would be to focus on HIV/AIDS.
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๋Œ€๋ง์˜ 1์œ„๋Š” ์—์ด์ฆˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:20
Basically, if we invest 27 billion dollars over the next eight years,
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ 8๋…„๊ฐ„ 270์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ํˆฌ์žํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:24
we could avoid 28 new million cases of HIV/AIDS.
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2800๋งŒ๋ช…์˜ ์—์ด์ฆˆ ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:28
Again, what this does and what it focuses on is saying
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š”
10:32
there are two very different ways that we can deal with HIV/AIDS.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—์ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:35
One is treatment; the other one is prevention.
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์น˜๋ฃŒ์ด๊ณ  ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
And again, in an ideal world, we would do both.
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์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
10:41
But in a world where we don't do either, or don't do it very well,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ƒํ™ฉ์ผ ๋•Œ๋Š”
10:44
we have to at least ask ourselves where should we invest first.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— ๋จผ์ € ํˆฌ์žํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ์ž๋ฌธํ•ด ๋ณด์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
And treatment is much, much more expensive than prevention.
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์น˜๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋งค์šฐ๋งค์šฐ ๋ˆ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:51
So basically, what this focuses on is saying, we can do a lot more
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
10:55
by investing in prevention.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋งํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
Basically for the amount of money that we spend,
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋ˆ์˜ ์–‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
10:59
we can do X amount of good in treatment,
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์น˜๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์–ป๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ์˜ ์–‘์ด X๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
11:02
and 10 times as much good in prevention.
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์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ 10๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
So again, what we focus on is prevention rather than treatment,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์— ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘ก๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:08
at first rate.
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๋‘ก๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:09
What this really does is that it makes us think about our priorities.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง„์งœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
I'd like to have you look at your priority list and say,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ ์€ ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:17
did you get it right?
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์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‚˜์š”?
11:19
Or did you get close to what we came up with here?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ฐ€๊น๊ฒŒ ๋๋‚˜์š”?
11:21
Well, of course, one of the things is climate change again.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:25
I find a lot of people find it very, very unlikely that we should do that.
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์ „ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:28
We should also do climate change,
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:30
if for no other reason, simply because it's such a big problem.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์œ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋„, ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋งŒํผ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
But of course, we don't do all problems.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌผ๋ก , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜์ง„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:36
There are many problems out there in the world.
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์„ธ์ƒ์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ์ ํ•ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:38
And what I want to make sure of is, if we actually focus on problems,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ํ•ด๋‘๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถฐ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
11:42
that we focus on the right ones.
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
The ones where we can do a lot of good rather than a little good.
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ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํฐ ๊ฒƒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:47
And I think, actually -- Thomas Schelling,
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋“œ๋ฆผํŒ€์˜ ์ผ์›์ธ
11:50
one of the participants in the dream team, he put it very, very well.
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ํ† ๋งˆ์Šค ์‰˜๋ง์ด ์ดˆ์ ์„ ์ž˜ ๋งž์ถ”์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:54
One of things that people forget, is that in 100 years,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ข…์ข… ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”,
11:57
when we're talking about most of the climate change impacts will be,
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋ ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ์‹œ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” 100๋…„ ๋’ค์—๋Š”
12:00
people will be much, much richer.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋ถ€์œ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:02
Even the most pessimistic impact scenarios of the U.N.
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UN์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น„๊ด€์ ์ธ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์— ๋น„์ถฐ๋ณด๋”๋ผ๋„
12:06
estimate that the average person in the developing world in 2100
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2100๋…„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ์ƒํ™œ์ˆ˜์ค€์€
12:09
will be about as rich as we are today.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋งŒํผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์œ ํ•ด ์งˆ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:11
Much more likely, they will be two to four times richer than we are.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค 2๋ฐฐ์—์„œ 4๋ฐฐ ์ •๋„ ๋” ๋ถ€์œ ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๋„ ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:15
And of course, we'll be even richer than that.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋ถ€์œ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
12:17
But the point is to say, when we talk about saving people,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์š”์ ์€, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ 2100๋…„์˜ ๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
12:21
or helping people in Bangladesh in 2100,
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๋•๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ
12:24
we're not talking about a poor Bangladeshi.
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๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ์ธ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:26
We're actually talking about a fairly rich Dutch guy.
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์ œ๋ฒ• ๋จน๊ณ  ์‚ด๋งŒํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋†“๊ณ  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์…ˆ์ด์ฃ .
12:28
And so the real point, of course, is to say,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ง„์งœ ์š”์ ์€
12:30
do we want to spend a lot of money helping a little,
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์ง€๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 100๋…„ ๋’ค์˜ ์ œ๋ฒ• ๋จน๊ณ  ์‚ด๋งŒํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
12:34
100 years from now, a fairly rich Dutch guy?
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์กฐ๊ทธ๋งŒ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ ์ž ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋ˆ์„ ์“ฐ๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€,
12:36
Or do we want to help real poor people, right now, in Bangladesh,
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ์— ์žˆ๋Š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋„์›€์„ ์ ˆ์‹คํžˆ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ 
12:41
who really need the help, and whom we can help very, very cheaply?
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์ ์€ ๋ˆ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋„์™€์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋•๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฑด์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:44
Or as Schelling put it, imagine if you were a rich -- as you will be --
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์‰˜๋ง์ด ์ง€์ ํ•œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด
12:49
a rich Chinese, a rich Bolivian, a rich Congolese, in 2100,
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2100๋…„์— 2005๋…„์„ ๋˜๋Œ์•„๋ณด๋ฉฐ "๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”์—์„œ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋•๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋ฉด์„œ
12:54
thinking back on 2005, and saying, "How odd that they cared so much
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์ •์ž‘ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
13:00
about helping me a little bit through climate change,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋„์›€์„ ๊ทธํ† ๋ก ๊ฐ„์ ˆํžˆ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋˜
13:04
and cared so fairly little about helping my grandfather
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์™€ ์ฆ์กฐ๋ถ€์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”
13:08
and my great grandfather, whom they could have helped so much more,
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์—†์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋‹ค"
13:11
and who needed the help so much more?"
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๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋ถ€์œ ํ•œ ์ค‘๊ตญ์ธ, ๋ณผ๋ฆฌ๋น„์•„์ธ, ์ฝฉ๊ณ ์ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
13:14
So I think that really does tell us why it is
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚œ ์ €๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์™œ
13:17
we need to get our priorities straight.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ด์ค€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:19
Even if it doesn't accord to the typical way we see this problem.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š๋”๋ผ๋„์š”.
13:22
Of course, that's mainly because climate change has good pictures.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ฃผ๋œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ผ๋Š” ์ด์Šˆ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:27
We have, you know, "The Day After Tomorrow" -- it looks great, right?
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์˜ํ™” "ํˆฌ๋ชจ๋กœ์šฐ", ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ฑธ์ž‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ.
13:30
It's a good film in the sense that
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„  ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ์˜ํ™”์ฃ .
13:33
I certainly want to see it, right, but don't expect Emmerich
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ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์˜ํ™”์ง€๋งŒ, ์—๋จธ๋ฆฌํžˆ ๊ฐ๋…์ด
13:36
to cast Brad Pitt in his next movie
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๋‹ค์Œ ์˜ํ™”์— ๋ธŒ๋ž˜๋“œ ํ”ผํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ถœ์—ฐ์‹œ์ผœ์„œ
13:39
digging latrines in Tanzania or something. (Laughter)
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ํƒ„์ž๋‹ˆ์•„์—์„œ ๋ณ€์†Œ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ๊ฒŒํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ข€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒ ์ฃ . (์›ƒ์Œ)
13:41
It just doesn't make for as much of a movie.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑด ์˜ํ™”์— ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:43
So in many ways, I think of the Copenhagen Consensus
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฉด์—์„œ, ์ฝ”ํŽœํ•˜๊ฒ ์ปจ์„ผ์„œ์Šค๋‚˜
13:45
and the whole discussion of priorities
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์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ† ๋ก ๋“ค์„
13:47
as a defense for boring problems.
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์ง€๋ฃจํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋น„์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:50
To make sure that we realize it's not about making us feel good.
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๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
13:54
It's not about making things that have the most media attention,
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์˜ ์ฃผ๋ชฉ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์•„๋‹Œ
13:59
but it's about making places where we can actually do the most good.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ๋“ค์˜ ํ† ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์„ธ์šฐ๋Š” ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:02
The other objections, I think, that are important to say,
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ๊ผญ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ธ๋ฐ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ์˜๊ฒฌ๋“ค์€
14:05
is that I'm somehow -- or we are somehow -- positing a false choice.
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์ € ํ˜น์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์„ ํƒ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
Of course, we should do all things,
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:11
in an ideal world -- I would certainly agree.
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์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š”์š”. ์ €๋„ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:13
I think we should do all things, but we don't.
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์ €๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:15
In 1970, the developed world decided we were going to spend
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1970๋…„์—, ์„ ์ง„๊ตญ๋“ค์€์›๋ž˜ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์›์กฐ์ž๊ธˆ์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ
14:19
twice as much as we did, right now, than in 1970, on the developing world.
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๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์— ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:25
Since then our aid has halved.
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๊ทธ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์›์กฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ค„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:27
So it doesn't look like we're actually on the path
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑธ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์•„๋ฌด๋ž˜๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ตต์งํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์˜
14:30
of suddenly solving all big problems.
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ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:32
Likewise, people are also saying, but what about the Iraq war?
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๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋ผํฌ ์ „์Ÿ์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
14:35
You know, we spend 100 billion dollars --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— 1000 ์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์Ÿ์•„๋ถ€์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:37
why don't we spend that on doing good in the world?
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๊ทธ ๋ˆ์„ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์ข‹์€ ์ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์“ฐ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
14:39
I'm all for that.
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์ €๋Š” ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐฌ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:40
If any one of you guys can talk Bush into doing that, that's fine.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ถ„์ด ๋ถ€์‹œํ•œํ…Œ ๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋“ํ•ด์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๊ตฐ์š”.
14:42
But the point, of course, is still to say,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์š”์ ์€,
14:44
if you get another 100 billion dollars,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ 1000์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„
14:46
we still want to spend that in the best possible way, don't we?
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋ˆ์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
14:49
So the real issue here is to get ourselves back
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ง„์งœ ์ด์Šˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
14:51
and think about what are the right priorities.
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์šฐ์„  ์ˆœ์œ„์ธ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:53
I should just mention briefly, is this really the right list that we got out?
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์งง๊ฒŒ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ด์•ผ๊ฒ ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋ง ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ชฉ๋ก์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
14:57
You know, when you ask the world's best economists,
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์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
15:00
you inevitably end up asking old, white American men.
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๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์ด๋“  ๋ฐฑ์ธ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ ๋‚จ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:03
And they're not necessarily, you know,
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ๋ฐ
15:05
great ways of looking at the entire world.
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๊ผญ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์–‘๋ฐ˜๋“ค๋งŒ ์ •๋‹ต์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
15:09
So we actually invited 80 young people from all over the world
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ฐ์ง€์—์„œ 80๋ช…์˜ ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์„ ์ดˆ์ฒญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:11
to come and solve the same problem.
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์™€์„œ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•ด๋ณด์ž๊ตฌ์š”.
15:13
The only two requirements were that they were studying at the university,
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์กฐ๊ฑด์€, ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ,
15:17
and they spoke English.
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:19
The majority of them were, first, from developing countries.
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๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์šฐ์„ , ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:22
They had all the same material but they could go vastly
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํ† ๋ก ์˜ ์˜์—ญ์„
15:24
outside the scope of discussion, and they certainly did,
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๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐฉ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ† ๋ก ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„œ
15:27
to come up with their own lists.
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๊ทธ๋“ค๋งŒ์˜ ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
And the surprising thing was that the list was very similar --
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๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ ์€ ๊ทธ ๋ชฉ๋ก๋„ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:31
with malnutrition and diseases at the top
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์˜์–‘์‹ค์กฐ์™€ ๋ณ‘์ด ์ƒ์œ„๊ถŒ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
15:34
and climate change at the bottom.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ํ•˜์œ„๊ถŒ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
15:36
We've done this many other times.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:37
There's been many other seminars and university students, and different things.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ์˜ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜์™€ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž๋“ค, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:40
They all come out with very much the same list.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:43
And that gives me great hope, really, in saying that I do believe
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”
15:47
that there is a path ahead to get us to start thinking about priorities,
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ธธ์ด ๋†“์—ฌ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํฐ ํฌ๋ง์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:52
and saying, what is the important thing in the world?
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์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
15:54
Of course, in an ideal world, again we'd love to do everything.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋ผ๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฑธ ๋‹ค ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
15:57
But if we don't do it, then we can start thinking about where should we start?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:01
I see the Copenhagen Consensus as a process.
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์ €๋Š” ์ฝ”ํŽœํ•˜๊ฒ ์ปจ์„ผ์„œ์Šค๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:03
We did it in 2004,
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2004๋…„์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ํ–ˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , 2008๋…„๊ณผ 2012๋…„์˜
16:05
and we hope to assemble many more people,
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ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด
16:06
getting much better information for 2008, 2012.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ดˆ์ฒญํ•˜๊ณ  ๋” ์ข‹์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์œผ๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:10
Map out the right path for the world --
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์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๊ธธ์„ ๊ทธ๋ ค์ฃผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
16:12
but also to start thinking about political triage.
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ •์น˜์ ์ธ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์ฃผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
16:15
To start thinking about saying, "Let's do
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ˆ์„ ๋“ค์—ฌ๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณ„๋กœ ์—†๋Š” ์ผ์ด๋‚˜,
16:17
not the things where we can do very little at a very high cost,
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ผ๋“ค ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
16:20
not the things that we don't know how to do,
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ, ๋ˆ์„ ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋“ค์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„
16:22
but let's do the great things where we can do an enormous
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์„
16:25
amount of good, at very low cost, right now."
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž๊ณ  ๊ถŒ์œ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:29
At the end of the day, you can disagree
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์˜ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ
16:31
with the discussion of how we actually prioritize these,
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๋งค๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ–ˆ๋˜ ํ† ๋ก ์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:33
but we have to be honest and frank about saying,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์†”์งํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •์งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:36
if there's some things we do, there are other things we don't do.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ผ๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
16:39
If we worry too much about some things,
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
16:41
we end by not worrying about other things.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์“ฐ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ฑ„๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„์š”.
16:43
So I hope this will help us make better priorities,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ
16:45
and think about how we better work for the world.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ธ์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋” ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:47
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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