Stefan Larsson: What doctors can learn from each other

57,013 views ใƒป 2013-11-14

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Nathan Chung ๊ฒ€ํ† : K Bang
00:12
Five years ago, I was on a sabbatical,
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5๋…„์ „, ์ €๋Š” ์•ˆ์‹ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
and I returned to the medical university
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๋˜
00:17
where I studied.
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์˜๋Œ€๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™”์ฃ .
00:19
I saw real patients and I wore the white coat
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17๋…„ ๋งŒ์— ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ, ์ „ ํ•˜์–€ ์ฝ”ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ž…๊ณ 
00:24
for the first time in 17 years,
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์‹ค์ œ ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ์ง„๋‹จํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
in fact since I became a management consultant.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ปจ์„คํ„ดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ ์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
There were two things that surprised me
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋‚ธ ํ•œ๋‹ฌ๊ฐ„
00:32
during the month I spent.
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋†€๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
The first one was that the common theme
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๊ทธ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ˆด๋˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋“ค ์ค‘
00:36
of the discussions we had were hospital budgets
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ‘์› ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ๊ณผ
00:39
and cost-cutting,
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๋น„์šฉ ์‚ญ๊ฐ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ 
00:41
and the second thing, which really bothered me,
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๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š”, ์ด๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ๊ดด๋กœ์› ๋Š”๋ฐ,
00:43
actually, was that several of the colleagues I met,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๋˜ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์€
00:46
former friends from medical school,
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์˜๋Œ€์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๋กœ
00:48
who I knew to be some of the smartest,
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์ด์ „์—๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋‚œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์ค‘
00:50
most motivated, engaged and passionate people
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜์š•์ ์ด๊ณ 
00:53
I'd ever met,
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๋Šฅ๋™์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ์—ด์ •์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
many of them had turned cynical, disengaged,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋งŽ์€์ด๋“ค์ด ๋ƒ‰์†Œ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋น„๋Šฅ๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
00:59
or had distanced themselves from hospital management.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ณ‘์› ๊ฒฝ์˜์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
01:02
So with this focus on cost-cutting,
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๋น„์šฉ ์‚ญ๊ฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ˜ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ
01:05
I asked myself, are we forgetting the patient?
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์ œ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ์žŠ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€?
01:09
Many countries that you represent
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์—์„œ๋Š”
01:11
and where I come from
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜จ ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š”
01:13
struggle with the cost of healthcare.
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์˜๋ฃŒ ๋น„์šฉ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
It's a big part of the national budgets.
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์˜ ํฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:19
And many different reforms aim at holding back this growth.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฐœํ˜์•ˆ์€ ์ด ๋น„์šฉ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ง‰๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
In some countries, we have long waiting times
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์–ด๋–ค ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ™˜์ž์˜
01:24
for patients for surgery.
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์ˆ˜์ˆ  ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
In other countries, new drugs are not being reimbursed,
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์–ด๋–ค ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹ ์•ฝ์€ ๋ณดํ—˜์—์„œ ์ง€์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
01:29
and therefore don't reach patients.
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ํ™˜์ž๋“คํ•œํ…Œ ๋ณด๊ธ‰์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
In several countries, doctors and nurses
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด
01:34
are the targets, to some extent, for the governments.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ณผ๋…์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
After all, the costly decisions in health care
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋“œ๋Š” ์˜๋ฃŒ์ƒ ๊ฒฐ์ •์€
01:42
are taken by doctors and nurses.
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์˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
01:44
You choose an expensive lab test,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋น„์‹ผ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ณ 
01:47
you choose to operate on an old and frail patient.
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๋Š™๊ณ  ์•ฝํ•œ ํ™˜์žํ•œํ…Œ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
So, by limiting the degrees of freedom of physicians,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์˜์‚ฌ์˜ ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
01:55
this is a way to hold costs down.
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๋น„์šฉ ์ ˆ๊ฐ์˜ ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
And ultimately, some physicians will say today
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๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ค ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์€
02:01
that they don't have the full liberty
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์š”์ฆ˜์€ ์ž๊ธฐ ์†Œ๊ฒฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
02:03
to make the choices they think are right for their patients.
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ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ์˜จ์ „ํ•œ ์ž์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
So no wonder that some of my old colleagues
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์ œ ์˜›๋‚  ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ต๋‹ตํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„
02:09
are frustrated.
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๋†€๋ž„ ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
At BCG, we looked at this,
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BCG[๋ณด์Šคํ„ด ์ปจ์„คํŒ… ๊ทธ๋ฃน]์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด ์ ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ 
02:14
and we asked ourselves,
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์ €ํฌ ์ž์‹ ํ•œํ…Œ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
this can't be the right way of managing healthcare.
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์ด๊ฑด ์˜๋ฃŒ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ๊ฒฝ์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ผ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค.
02:19
And so we took a step back and we said,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
"What is it that we are trying to achieve?"
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€?"
02:25
Ultimately, in the healthcare system,
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์˜๋ฃŒ๊ณ„์˜ ์ตœ์ข…์ ์ธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š”
02:27
we're aiming at improving health for the patients,
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ํ™˜์ž์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
02:31
and we need to do so at a limited,
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ์ œํ•œ๋œ
02:34
or affordable, cost.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ ๋‹นํ•œ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์— ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
We call this value-based healthcare.
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ์‚ฌ์—…์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
On the screen behind me, you see what we mean
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์ œ ๋’ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™”๋ฉด์„ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€
02:40
by value:
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
outcomes that matter to patients
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ˆ์— ๋น„ํ•ด
02:44
relative to the money we spend.
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ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ.
02:47
This was described beautifully in a book in 2006
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งˆ์ดํด ํฌํ„ฐ์™€ ์—˜๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฒ ์Šค ํƒ€์ด์Šค๋ฒ„๊ทธ๊ฐ€ 2006๋…„์— ์“ด ์ฑ…์—
02:50
by Michael Porter and Elizabeth Teisberg.
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๋ฉ‹์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
On this picture, you have my father-in-law
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์—๋Š” ์ œ ์žฅ์ธ ์–ด๋ฅธ์ด
02:57
surrounded by his three beautiful daughters.
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์„ธ ๋ช…์˜ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๋”ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์—ฌ ๊ณ„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
When we started doing our research at BCG,
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ BCG์—์„œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
03:04
we decided not to look so much at the costs,
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๋น„์šฉ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์งˆ์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋กœ
03:06
but to look at the quality instead,
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๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
and in the research, one of the things
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ค‘ ์‹ ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
03:11
that fascinated us was the variation we saw.
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
You compare hospitals in a country,
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ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ๋ณ‘์›๋“ค์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด
03:17
you'll find some that are extremely good,
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์ง€๋งŒ
03:19
but you'll find a large number that are vastly much worse.
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๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ณ‘์›์€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ์งˆ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
The differences were dramatic.
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์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ๊ทน์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
Erik, my father-in-law,
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์ œ ์žฅ์ธ ์–ด๋ฅธ ์—๋ฆญ์”จ๋Š”
03:27
he suffers from prostate cancer,
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์ „๋ฆฝ์„  ์•”์„ ์•“๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
and he probably needs surgery.
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์•„๋งˆ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ํ•˜์…”์•ผ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
Now living in Europe, he can choose to go to Germany
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์— ์‚ฌ์‹œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ช…์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€
03:34
that has a well-reputed healthcare system.
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๋…์ผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
If he goes there and goes to the average hospital,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์…”์„œ ํ‰๊ท ์ ์ธ ๋ณ‘์›์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์‹œ๋ฉด
03:42
he will have the risk of becoming incontinent
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์š”์‹ค๊ธˆ ์ฆ์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋  ์œ„ํ—˜์œจ์ด
03:46
by about 50 percent,
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์•ฝ 50ํผ์„ผํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
so he would have to start wearing diapers again.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ธฐ์ €๊ท€๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์…”์•ผ ๋˜๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
03:51
You flip a coin. Fifty percent risk. That's quite a lot.
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๋™์ „์„ ๋˜์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 50ํŽด์„ผํŠธ ์œ„ํ—˜์œจ์ด์ฃ . ๊ฝค ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
If he instead would go to Hamburg,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋Œ€์‹ ์— ํ•จ๋ถ€๋ฅดํฌ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์…”์„œ
03:57
and to a clinic called the Martini-Klinik,
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๋งˆํ‹ฐ๋‹ˆ-ํด๋ฆฌ๋‹‰์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ณ‘์›์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์‹œ๋ฉด
04:00
the risk would be only one in 20.
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์œ„ํ—˜์œจ์€ 20๋ถ„์˜ 1๋ฐ–์— ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
Either you a flip a coin,
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๋™์ „ ๋˜์ง€๋Š” ํ™•๋ฅ ,
04:04
or you have a one in 20 risk.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด 20๋ถ„์˜ 1 ํ™•๋ฅ .
04:06
That's a huge difference, a seven-fold difference.
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์•„์ฃผ ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 7๋ฐฐ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
When we look at many hospitals
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ
04:12
for many different diseases,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ณ‘์„
04:13
we see these huge differences.
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์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
But you and I don't know. We don't have the data.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ์ €๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ฃ . ์ €ํฌํ•œํ…Œ๋Š” ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
And often, the data actually doesn't exist.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
Nobody knows.
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:23
So going the hospital is a lottery.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ณ‘์›์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณต๊ถŒ์„ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
Now, it doesn't have to be that way. There is hope.
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์ด๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํฌ๋ง์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
In the late '70s, there were a group
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70๋…„๋Œ€ ๋ง, ํ•œ ์—ฐ๋ก€ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ
04:34
of Swedish orthopedic surgeons
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ํ•œ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ์˜ ์Šค์›จ๋ด ์ •ํ˜•์™ธ๊ณผ ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด
04:37
who met at their annual meeting,
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๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
and they were discussing the different procedures
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์ž๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€
04:40
they used to operate hip surgery.
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์—‰๋ฉ์ด ๊ด€์ ˆ ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
To the left of this slide, you see a variety
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์ด ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์™ผ์ชฝ์„ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด
04:45
of metal pieces, artificial hips that you would use
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์ƒˆ ์—‰๋ฉ์ด ๊ด€์ ˆ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ
04:48
for somebody who needs a new hip.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์‡ ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ์ธ์กฐ ์—‰๋ฉ์ด ๊ด€์ ˆ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
They all realized they had their individual way of operating.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
They all argued that, "My technique is the best,"
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ "๋‚ด ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์ œ์ผ์ด๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
04:57
but none of them actually knew, and they admitted that.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ž์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ธ์ •์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:00
So they said, "We probably need to measure quality
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๋ง์ด "์งˆ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•ด์„œ
05:04
so we know and can learn from what's best."
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์ œ์ผ ์ข‹์€์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค."์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
So they in fact spent two years debating,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 2๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ํ† ๋ก ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
"So what is quality in hip surgery?"
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"์—‰๋ฉ์ด ๊ด€์ ˆ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ์˜ ์ •์˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€?"
05:13
"Oh, we should measure this." "No, we should measure that."
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"์˜ค, ์ด๊ฑธ ์ธก์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค." "์•„๋‹ˆ, ์ €๊ฑธ ์ธก์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค."
05:16
And they finally agreed.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ํ•ฉ์˜๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
And once they had agreed, they started measuring,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ์˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ž ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ธก์ •์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
and started sharing the data.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
05:23
Very quickly, they found that if you put cement
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ํ™˜์ž์˜ ๋ผˆ์— ์ฒ ์‹ฌ์„ ๋„ฃ๊ธฐ ์ „์—
05:25
in the bone of the patient
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์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋จผ์ € ๋„ฃ์œผ๋ฉด
05:27
before you put the metal shaft in,
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ์˜ค๋ž˜๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
05:29
it actually lasted a lot longer,
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์•„์ฃผ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
and most patients would never have to be
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์€
05:33
re-operated on in their lifetime.
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ํ‰์ƒ ์žฌ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์ฃ .
05:35
They published the data,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•˜๊ณ 
05:37
and it actually transformed clinical practice in the country.
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๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์ž„์ƒ ์‹ค๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๋’ค๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
Everybody saw this makes a lot of sense.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ง์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ์ฃ .
05:43
Since then, they publish every year.
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๊ทธ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ๋งค๋…„ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
Once a year, they publish the league table:
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๋งค๋…„ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์”ฉ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์„ฑ์ ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
05:47
who's best, who's at the bottom?
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๊ณ ์ด๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ตœ์•…์ธ๊ฐ€?
05:50
And they visit each other to try to learn,
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๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์„œ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
so a continuous cycle of improvement.
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์ง€์†๋œ ๊ฐœ์„ ์˜ ์ˆœํ™˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
For many years, Swedish hip surgeons
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์ˆ˜๋…„๋™์•ˆ ์Šค์›จ๋ด ์—‰๋ฉ์ด ๊ด€์ ˆ ์™ธ๊ณผ์˜์˜
05:59
had the best results in the world,
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
at least for those who actually were measuring,
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์ตœ์†Œํ•œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ธก์ •๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
and many were not.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ธก์ •์„ ์•ˆ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
06:07
Now I found this principle really exciting.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์›๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ฃผ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:09
So the physicians get together,
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์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ชจ์—ฌ์„œ
06:11
they agree on what quality is,
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์งˆ์˜ ์ •์˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—ˆ์ธ์ง€์— ํ•ฉ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ 
06:13
they start measuring, they share the data,
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์ธก์ •์„ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
they find who's best, and they learn from it.
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๊ณ ์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
Continuous improvement.
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์ง€์†๋œ ๊ฐœ์„ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
Now, that's not the only exciting part.
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์ž, ๊ทธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋งŒ์ด ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
06:26
That's exciting in itself.
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๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ๋„ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์ง€๋งŒ
06:28
But if you bring back the cost side of the equation,
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๋น„์šฉ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€์„œ
06:31
and look at that,
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๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๋ฉด
06:32
it turns out, those who have focused on quality,
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์งˆ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜
06:35
they actually also have the lowest costs,
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๋น„์šฉ์ด ์ œ์ผ ๋‚ฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
although that's not been the purpose in the first place.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์›๋ž˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
So if you look at the hip surgery story again,
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์—‰๋ฉ์ด ๊ด€์ ˆ ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด
06:43
there was a study done a couple years ago
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๋ช‡ ๋…„์ „์— ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์Šค์›จ๋ด์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ
06:45
where they compared the U.S. and Sweden.
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:49
They looked at how many patients have needed
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๋ช‡ ๋ช…์˜ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์ด ์žฌ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์„
06:51
to be re-operated on seven years after the first surgery.
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๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ 7๋…„ ํ›„์— ์ฐพ์•„๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
In the United States, the number was three times
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ์Šค์›จ๋ด๋ณด๋‹ค
06:58
higher than in Sweden.
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3๋ฐฐ ๋†’์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
So many unnecessary surgeries,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ 7๋…„์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ
07:04
and so much unnecessary suffering
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์ด
07:07
for all the patients who were operated on
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ๊ณผ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„
07:08
in that seven year period.
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๋ฐ›์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:11
Now, you can imagine how much savings
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์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„์šฉ์„
07:12
there would be for society.
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์ ˆ์•ฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
We did a study where we looked at OECD data.
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ OECD ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
OECD does, every so often,
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OECD๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋”
07:21
look at quality of care
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ํšŒ์›๊ตญ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ํ†ตํ•ด
07:23
where they can find the data across the member countries.
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์˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ์งˆ์„ ๋ณด์ฃ .
07:28
The United States has, for many diseases,
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ณ‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ์งˆ์€
07:30
actually a quality which is below the average
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์‚ฌ์‹ค OECD๋‚ด์—์„œ ํ‰๊ท ๋ณด๋‹ค
07:32
in OECD.
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๋‚ฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
Now, if the American healthcare system
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ณ„๊ฐ€
07:36
would focus a lot more on measuring quality,
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์งˆ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ 
07:38
and raise quality just to the level of average OECD,
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๋”ฑ OECD ํ‰๊ท ๋งŒํผ๋งŒ ์งˆ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด
07:43
it would save the American people
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์€ ๋งค๋…„
07:45
500 billion U.S. dollars a year.
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5,000์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:49
That's 20 percent of the budget,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์˜
07:52
of the healthcare budget of the country.
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20ํผ์„ผํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
Now you may say that these numbers
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์ด ์ˆ˜์น˜๋“ค์ด ์ฐธ ํ™”๋ คํ•˜๊ณ 
07:57
are fantastic, and it's all logical,
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๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ๊ฐ€
08:00
but is it possible?
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
This would be a paradigm shift in healthcare,
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์ด๊ฑด ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ณ„์˜ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋‹ค์ž„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์ด๋ฉฐ
08:05
and I would argue that not only can it be done,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
08:08
but it has to be done.
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ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
The agents of change are the doctors and nurses
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๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
08:14
in the healthcare system.
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์˜๋ฃŒ๊ณ„์˜ ์˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
In my practice as a consultant,
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์ปจ์„คํ„ดํŠธ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
08:19
I meet probably a hundred or more than a hundred
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์ €๋Š” ๋งค๋…„ ์•„๋งˆ 100๋ช… ํ˜น 100๋ช…์ด ๋„˜๋Š”
08:21
doctors and nurses and other hospital
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์˜์‚ฌ, ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ, ๋˜ ๊ทธ ์™ธ์˜ ๋ณ‘์›๊ณผ
08:24
or healthcare staff every year.
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์˜๋ฃŒ๊ณ„ ์ข…์‚ฌ์ž๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
The one thing they have in common is
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ณตํ†ต์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ ์€
08:29
they really care about what they achieve
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ํ™˜์ž ์น˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ์งˆ์—
08:31
in terms of quality for their patients.
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๊ฐ๋ณ„ํžˆ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ ์“ด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:34
Physicians are, like most of you in the audience,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ณ„์‹œ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
08:36
very competitive.
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์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์•„์ฃผ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
They were always best in class.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•™๋…„๋‚ด ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:41
We were always best in class.
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ํ•™๋…„๋‚ด ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์›ƒ์Œ)
08:44
And if somebody can show them that the result
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“คํ•œํ…Œ
08:47
they perform for their patients
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ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€
08:48
is no better than what others do,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋ณ„ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋ฉด
08:51
they will do whatever it takes to improve.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ํ• ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
But most of them don't know.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
But physicians have another characteristic.
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๊ทผ๋ฐ ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ํŠน์ง•์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋” ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
They actually thrive from peer recognition.
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๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ธ์ •์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
If a cardiologist calls another cardiologist
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ํ•œ ์‹ฌ์žฅ๋ณ‘์ „๋ฌธ์˜๊ฐ€
09:05
in a competing hospital
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๊ฒฝ์Ÿ ๋ณ‘์›์˜ ์‹ฌ์žฅ๋ณ‘์ „๋ฌธ์˜ํ•œํ…Œ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ์–ด์„œ
09:07
and discusses why that other hospital
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์™œ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ๋ณ‘์›์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€
09:09
has so much better results, they will share.
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์›”๋“ฑํ•œ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์œผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณต์œ ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
They will share the information on how to improve.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:15
So it is, by measuring and creating transparency,
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์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ํˆฌ๋ช…์„ฑ์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
09:19
you get a cycle of continuous improvement,
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์ง€์†์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ์„ ์˜ ์ˆœํ™˜์„ ์ด๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:22
which is what this slide shows.
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์ด ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
Now, you may say this is a nice idea,
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์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜๋ฌธํ•˜์‹ค์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ
09:28
but this isn't only an idea.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
This is happening in reality.
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ํ˜„์‹ค์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
We're creating a global community,
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ €ํฌ๋“ค์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ณ 
09:35
and a large global community,
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๋น„๊ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
09:37
where we'll be able to measure and compare
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋ฅผ
09:40
what we achieve.
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์„ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
Together with two academic institutions,
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ํ•˜๋ฒ„๋“œ ๊ฒฝ์˜๋Œ€ํ•™์›์˜ ๋งˆ์ดํด ํฌํ„ฐ์”จ์™€
09:44
Michael Porter at Harvard Business School,
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์Šค์›จ๋ด์˜ ์นด๋กค๋ฆฐ์Šค์นด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ
09:46
and the Karolinska Institute in Sweden,
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ•™๋ฌธ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด
09:48
BCG has formed something we call ICHOM.
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BCG๋Š” ICHOM์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
You may think that's a sneeze,
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์žฌ์ฑ„๊ธฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ค์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
09:54
but it's not a sneeze, it's an acronym.
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์žฌ์ฑ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์•ฝ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:57
It stands for the International Consortium
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๊ตญ์ œ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ธก์ • ํ˜‘๋ ฅ๋‹จ์˜
10:00
for Health Outcome Measurement.
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์•ฝ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:03
We're bringing together leading physicians
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์„ ๋‘์ ์ธ ์˜์‚ฌ์™€ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์„
10:05
and patients to discuss, disease by disease,
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ํ•œ ๊ณณ์— ๋ชจ์•„์„œ ๋ณ‘์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์”ฉ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•ด์„œ
10:09
what is really quality,
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์งˆ์˜ ์ง„์งœ ์ •์˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๊ณ 
10:11
what should we measure,
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
10:13
and to make those standards global.
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์ด ํ‘œ์ค€๋“ค์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ธ๊ณ„ํ™” ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
They've worked -- four working groups have worked
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ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž‘๋…„์—๋Š”
10:18
during the past year:
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๋„ค๊ฐœ์˜ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
10:20
cataracts, back pain,
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๋ฐฑ๋‚ด์žฅ, ์š”ํ†ต,
10:23
coronary artery disease, which is, for instance, heart attack,
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์‹ฌ์žฅ ๋งˆ๋น„๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๊ด€์ƒ๋™๋งฅ์˜ ๋ณ‘,
10:27
and prostate cancer.
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์ „๋ฆฝ์„  ์•” ๋“ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:29
The four groups will publish their data
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์ด ๋„ค ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ง‘๋‹จ์€ ๊ธˆ๋…„ 11์›”์—
10:32
in November of this year.
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์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
That's the first time we'll be comparing
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตญ๋‚ด๋ฟ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
10:36
apples to apples, not only within a country,
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๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋น„๊ต ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋Œ€์ƒ์„
10:39
but between countries.
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๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:42
Next year, we're planning to do eight diseases,
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๋‚ด๋…„์—๋Š” 8๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ณ‘์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๊ณ„ํš์ด๊ณ 
10:46
the year after, 16.
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ ํ•ด์—๋Š” 16๊ฐœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
In three years' time, we plan to have covered
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3๋…„ ์•ˆ์— ๋ณ‘์˜ 40ํผ์„ผํŠธ๋ฅผ
10:51
40 percent of the disease burden.
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๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๊ณ„ํš์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
Compare apples to apples. Who's better?
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์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜์€์ง€ ๋น„๊ต ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋Œ€์ƒ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
Why is that?
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์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ˜๊นŒ์š”?
11:00
Five months ago,
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5๊ฐœ์›”์ „
11:03
I led a workshop at the largest university hospital
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์ €๋Š” ๋ถ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ ์ œ์ผ ํฐ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๋ณ‘์› ์—ฐ์ˆ˜ํšŒ๋ฅผ
11:06
in Northern Europe.
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์ด๋Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:07
They have a new CEO, and she has a vision:
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์ƒˆ CEO๊ฐ€ ์™”๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋น„์ „์€ ์ด๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
11:11
I want to manage my big institution much more
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ ํฐ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์„ ํ›จ์”ฌ ์งˆ ์œ„์ฃผ๋กœ,
11:14
on quality, outcomes that matter to patients.
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ํ™˜์ž๋“คํ•œํ…Œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์œ„์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:19
This particular day, we sat in a workshop
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ, ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง์›๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
11:22
together with physicians, nurses and other staff,
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์—ฐ์ˆ˜ํšŒ์—์„œ ์†Œ์•„ ๋ฐฑํ˜ˆ๋ณ‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
11:25
discussing leukemia in children.
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๋…ผ์˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:29
The group discussed,
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๋ชจ์ž„์ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ด๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
how do we measure quality today?
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์š”์ฆ˜์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์งˆ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?
11:33
Can we measure it better than we do?
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์ง€๊ธˆ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ž˜ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?
11:36
We discussed, how do we treat these kids,
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์ด ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?
11:38
what are important improvements?
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์„ ์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€?
11:40
And we discussed what are the costs for these patients,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์น˜๋ฃŒ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ์ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:43
can we do treatment more efficiently?
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๋” ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?
11:45
There was an enormous energy in the room.
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๋ฐฉ ์•ˆ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
There were so many ideas, so much enthusiasm.
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์ƒ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์—ด์ •์ด ๋„˜์ณ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:51
At the end of the meeting,
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ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ๋ฌด๋ ต
11:53
the chairman of the department, he stood up.
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๋ถ€์„œ ํšŒ์žฅ์ด ์ผ์–ด์„ฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:56
He looked over the group and he said --
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๋ชจ์ž„์„ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ๋ณด๊ณ  ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค --
12:01
first he raised his hand, I forgot that --
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์šฐ์„  ์†์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆด ๋ป”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค --
12:03
he raised his hand, clenched his fist,
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์†์„ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ๋จน์„ ์ฅ๊ณ ์„œ๋Š”
12:05
and then he said to the group, "Thank you.
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๋ชจ์ž„ํ•œํ…Œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
Thank you. Today, we're finally discussing
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜์—์„œ์•ผ
12:11
what this hospital does the right way."
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์ด ๋ณ‘์›์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
12:14
By measuring value in healthcare,
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์ €ํฌ๋“ค์€ ๋น„์šฉ๋ฟ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
12:17
that is not only costs
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ํ™˜์ž๋“คํ•œํ…Œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋“ฑ์˜
12:19
but outcomes that matter to patients,
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์˜๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
12:21
we will make staff in hospitals
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๋ณ‘์›์˜ ์ง์›๋“ค๊ณผ
12:23
and elsewhere in the healthcare system
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๊ทธ ์™ธ์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ณ„์˜ ์ง์›๋“ค์„
12:25
not a problem but an important part of the solution.
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๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:29
I believe measuring value in healthcare
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์ €๋Š” ์˜๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
12:31
will bring about a revolution,
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ํ˜๋ช…์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:33
and I'm convinced that the founder
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ํ™˜์ž ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ด์—ˆ๋˜
12:36
of modern medicine, the Greek Hippocrates,
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๊ทผ๋Œ€ ์˜ํ•™์˜ ์ฐฝ์‹œ์ž์ธ ํžˆํฌํฌ๋ผํ…Œ์Šค๊ฐ€
12:39
who always put the patient at the center,
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๋ฌด๋ค์—์„œ๋„ ์›ƒ์„๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š”
12:42
he would smile in his grave.
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ํ™•์‹ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:44
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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