Laura Carstensen: Older people are happier

130,890 views ใƒป 2012-04-19

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Woo Hwang ๊ฒ€ํ† : Inkyu Jang
00:15
People are living longer and societies are getting grayer.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์‚ด๊ณ 
์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
You hear about it all the time.
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์‹ ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๊ด€๋ จ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ 
00:22
You read about it in your newspapers.
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ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „์—์„œ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
You hear about it on your television sets.
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๊ฐ€๋” ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
00:26
Sometimes, I'm concerned
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00:27
that we hear about it so much that we've come to accept longer lives
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์ •๋ง ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์˜ค๋ž˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ถ์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด
00:32
with a kind of a complacency, even ease.
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์•ˆ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„ ๊ฑฑ์ •์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค๋ž˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
00:37
But make no mistake, longer lives can --
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚˜์ด๋Œ€์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์„
00:41
and, I believe, will improve quality of life at all ages.
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๋†’์ผ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
๋†’์ด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ 
๋ฏฟ๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ž. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ์—์„œ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:48
Now to put this in perspective, let me just zoom out for a minute.
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์ž ์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฐœ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ์„œ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20์„ธ๊ธฐ์—
00:53
More years were added to average life expectancy in the 20th century
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ํ‰๊ท ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์ˆ˜๋ช…์— ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋…„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€
๋”ํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ธ๋ฅ˜์ง„ํ™”์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์ด์—ˆ๋˜
01:00
than all years added across all prior millennia
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์•ž์„  ๋ชจ๋“  ์„ธ๊ธฐ๋“ค์— ๊ฑธ์ณ
๋”ํ•ด์ง„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
of human evolution combined.
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๋ˆˆ ๊นœ๋ฐ•ํ•  ์‚ฌ์ด์—,
01:10
In the blink of an eye,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜
01:12
we nearly doubled the length of time that we're living.
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๋‘๋ฐฐ๋กœ ๋Š˜๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
So if you ever feel like you don't have this aging thing quite pegged,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜์ด๋“œ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ด๋Š์ •๋„ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•œ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ
๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ์ž์ฑ…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
don't kick yourself.
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01:21
It's brand new.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฐœ๋…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
And because fertility rates fell across that very same period
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์ˆ˜๋ช…์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
๊ฐ™์€์‹œ๊ธฐ์—
์ถœ์‚ฐ๋ฅ ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์กŒ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
01:28
that life expectancy was going up,
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01:31
that pyramid that has always represented the distribution of age in the population,
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์ธ๊ตฌ์ˆ˜์—์„œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์•„๋ž˜์— ๋‘๊ณ 
์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ๊ผญ์ง€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋…ธ๋ น๊นŒ์ง€ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์€
๋‚˜์ด๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฑธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๋ฉฐ
01:37
with many young ones at the bottom winnowed to a tiny peak of older people
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๋‚˜์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋˜
01:42
who make it and survive to old age,
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๊ทธ ์ธ๊ตฌํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๊ฐ€
01:44
is being reshaped into a rectangle.
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์ง์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜•์œผ๋กœ
๋ชจ์Šต์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งŒ์•ฝ
01:50
And now, if you're the kind of person
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์ธ๊ตฌํ†ต๊ณ„์—์„œ ์˜ค์‹นํ•œ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
01:52
who can get chills from population statistics,
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01:54
(Laughter)
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01:55
these are the ones that should do it.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ์ค„๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
Because what that means
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋œปํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€
01:59
is that for the first time in the history of the species,
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์ข…์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ
์„ ์ง„๊ตญ์—์„œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ
02:03
the majority of babies born in the developed world
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์•„๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด
02:06
are having the opportunity to grow old.
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๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ
์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์„๊นŒ์š”?
02:12
How did this happen?
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02:14
Well, we're no genetically hardier than our ancestors were 10,000 years ago.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์œ ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋…„์ „์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์กฐ์ƒ๋“ค์ด
๊ทธ๋žฌ๋˜๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋‹จ๋‹จํ•œ ์‹ ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ธฐ๋Œ€์ˆ˜๋ช…์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์€
02:19
This increase in life expectancy is the remarkable product of culture --
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๋ฌธํ™”์˜ ๋†€๋ž„๋งŒํ•œ ์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์ธ๋ฐ์š” --
๊ณผํ•™๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„
02:24
the crucible that holds science and technology
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์น˜์—ดํ•œ ์„ธ์ƒ๊ณผ
02:27
and wide-scale changes in behavior that improve health and well-being.
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ ์›ฐ๋น™์„ ์ฆ์ง„์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค๋Š”
ํ–‰๋™์—์„œ์˜ ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ฌธํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ,
02:34
Through cultural changes, our ancestors largely eliminated early death
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์กฐ์ƒ๋“ค์€
์š”์ ˆ์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ค„์ด๊ณ 
02:40
so that people can now live out their full lives.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด์ œ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์‚ถ์„ ์‚ด์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
Now there are problems associated with aging --
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์ด์   ๋…ธํ™”์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•ด์„œ ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค--
02:47
diseases, poverty, loss of social status.
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์งˆ๋ณ‘, ๊ฐ€๋‚œ, ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ง€์œ„์˜ ์ƒ์‹ค์ด์ฃ .
02:50
It's hardly time to rest on our laurels.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ๊ณต์— ์•ˆ์ฃผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์‹œ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋…ธํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐฐ์šธ์ˆ˜๋ก
02:53
But the more we learn about aging,
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์ „๋ฉด์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜ํ–ฅ์„ธ์ธ ๋…ธํ™”์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์ด
02:55
the clearer it becomes that a sweeping downward course
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๊ทน๋„๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
ํ™•์‹คํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
is grossly inaccurate.
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๋…ธํ™”๋Š” ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋†€๋ž„๋งŒํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋Š”๋ฐ์š”. --
03:02
Aging brings some rather remarkable improvements --
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03:05
increased knowledge, expertise --
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์ง€์‹์ด๋‚˜ ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
์‚ถ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋‚˜์•„์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
and emotional aspects of life improve.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
03:15
That's right, older people are happy.
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๋‚˜์ด๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
They're happier than middle-aged people, and younger people, certainly.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ค‘๋…„๋ณด๋‹ค ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ ,
ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
(Laughter)
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€
03:24
Study after study is coming to the same conclusion.
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๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์— ์ด๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
The CDC recently conducted a survey
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์งˆ๋ณ‘ํ†ต์ œ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์„ผํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:30
where they asked respondents simply to tell them
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‘๋‹ต์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
whether they experienced significant psychological distress
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ์— ํฐ ์ •์‹ ์  ๊ณ ํ†ต์„
๊ฒช์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌผ์Œ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
in the previous week.
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03:37
And fewer older people answered affirmatively to that question
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ค‘๋…„๊ณผ ์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์— ๋น„ํ•ด
๋” ์ ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜ ๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค์ด
03:41
than middle-aged people, and younger people as well.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฌ๋ก ์กฐ์‚ฌ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ธฐ๊ด€(Gallup)์—์„œ
03:45
And a recent Gallup poll asked participants
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์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
how much stress and worry and anger they had experienced the previous day.
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๊ทธ ์ „๋‚  ์–ผ๋งˆ๋งŒํผ์˜ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์™€ ๊ฑฑ์ •,
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ–ˆ๋ƒ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
And stress, worry, anger
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค, ๊ฑฑ์ •, ํ™”๋Š”
๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์„์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ฐ์†Œ์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
all decrease with age.
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04:00
Now social scientists call this the paradox of aging.
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์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋…ธํ™”์˜ ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋…์Šค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
I mean, after all, aging is not a piece of cake.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋…ธํ™”๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์‰ฌ์šด ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
So we've asked all sorts of questions to see if we could undo this finding.
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์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋’ค์ง‘์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์˜€์ง€์š”.
04:12
We've asked whether it may be that the current generations of older people
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค์ด ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š”
์„ธ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋„
๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์„ธ๋Œ€์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€
04:18
are and always have been the greatest generations.
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๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
That is that younger people today may not typically experience
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ๋งํ•ด ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐœ์ „์„
04:25
these improvements as they grow older.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
We've asked,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋‚˜์ด๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
04:29
well, maybe older people are just trying to put a positive spin
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์šฐ์šธํ•œ ์ธ์ƒ์„
04:33
on an otherwise depressing existence.
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์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ตฌ์š”.
(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:36
(Laughter)
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋’ค์ง‘์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก
04:38
But the more we've tried to disavow this finding,
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04:40
the more evidence we find to support it.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Š™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
์ž…์ฆํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
Years ago, my colleagues and I embarked on a study
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๋ช‡๋…„์ „์— ์ €์™€ ์ œ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋Š”
10๋…„๋™์•ˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ง€์ผœ๋ณด๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์ฐฉ์ˆ˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
where we followed the same group of people over a 10-year period.
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๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์€ 18์„ธ์—์„œ 94์„ธ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
Originally, the sample was aged 18 to 94.
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04:53
And we studied whether and how their emotional experiences changed
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ
๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์  ๊ฒฝํ—˜์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์œ ๋ฌด์™€ ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
as they grew older.
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์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์„ ํ˜ธ์ถœ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ๋™์•ˆ
04:59
Our participants would carry electronic pagers
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๋“ค๊ณ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋‚ฎ์ด๋‚˜ ์ €๋…,
05:02
for a week at a time,
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05:03
and we'd page them throughout the day and evenings at random times.
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์ •ํ•ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ํ˜ธ์ถœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ˜ธ์ถœํ• ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
05:07
And every time we paged them,
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๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค--
05:09
we'd ask them to answer several questions --
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1์—์„œ 7์˜ ์ˆซ์ž๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ• ๋•Œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์–ด๋Š์ •๋„ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:11
"On a one to seven scale, how happy are you right now?"
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์Šฌํ”•๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:14
"How sad are you right now?"
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05:15
"How frustrated are you right now?" --
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ์ขŒ์ ˆ๊ฐ์€ ์–ด๋Š์ •๋„ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? --
05:17
so that we could get a sense of the kinds of emotions and feelings they were having
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด
์‹ค์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ์ •์—
๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
in their day-to-day lives.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๊ฐœ์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
05:24
And using this intense study of individuals,
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์‹ฌ๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด์„œ,
05:27
we find that it's not one particular generation
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์„ธ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋ณด๋‹ค
05:31
that's doing better than the others,
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๋” ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
05:33
but the same individuals over time
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๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
05:36
come to report relatively greater positive experience.
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์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ
๊ฒฝํ—˜๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ณ ๋ น์— ๋‹ค๋‹ค๋ฅผ๋•Œ
05:41
Now you see this slight downturn at very advanced ages.
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์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์†Œ์„ธ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์„  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณด์ด์‹ค๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ž‘์€ ๊ฐ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
And there is a slight downturn.
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05:47
But at no point does it return to the levels we see in early adulthood.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋Š ์ง€์ ์„ ๋ด๋„
์ด ์„ ์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์„ฑ์ธ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ
๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
Now it's really too simplistic to say that older people are "happy."
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๋‚˜์ด๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด "ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
In our study, they are more positive.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋” ๊ธ์ •์ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •์„
06:05
But they're also more likely than younger people
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๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. --
06:07
to experience mixed emotions --
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06:09
sadness at the same time you experience happiness;
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๊ธฐ์จ๊ณผ ์Šฌํ””์„ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ ;
์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์›ƒ์–ด์ค„๋•Œ
06:12
you know, that tear in the eye when you're smiling at a friend.
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๋ˆˆ์— ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์ด ๊ณ ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
And other research has shown that older people seem to engage with sadness
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์€
๋‚˜์ด๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์Šฌํ””์„ ๋” ์ˆ˜์›”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ
๊ฒช๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
more comfortably.
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06:22
They're more accepting of sadness than younger people are.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ์Šฌํ””์„ ๋” ์ž˜ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
And we suspect that this may help to explain
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์™œ ๋‚˜์ด๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
06:28
why older people are better than younger people
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๋œจ๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๊ถˆ์ง„ ๊ฐ์ •์  ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ๋•Œ
06:31
at solving hotly charged emotional conflicts and debates.
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์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚˜์€์ง€๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ• ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค์€ ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•จ์„
06:37
Older people can view injustice with compassion,
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์ ˆ๋ง์ด ์•„๋‹Œ,
์—ฐ๋ฏผ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
but not despair.
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06:44
And all things being equal,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋™๋“ฑํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
06:46
older people direct their cognitive resources, like attention and memory,
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๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค์€ ์ฃผ์˜๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์–ต๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ธ์ง€์ ์ธ ์ž์›์„
๋ถ€์ •์ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด
06:50
to positive information more than negative.
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
If we show older, middle-aged, younger people images,
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๋…ธ๋…„, ์ค‘๋…„, ์ฒญ๋…„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์Šคํฌ๋ฆฐ์—์„œ ๋ณด์‹œ๋Š”
์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ,
06:57
like the ones you see on the screen,
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06:59
and we later ask them to recall all the images that they can,
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ง„๋“ค์ด
๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•ด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
07:05
older people, but not younger people,
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07:07
remember more positive images than negative images.
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๋‚˜์ด๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์ง„๋“ค์„
๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:11
We've asked older and younger people to view faces in laboratory studies,
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๋‚˜์ด๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
์–ผ๊ตด์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ฐŒํ‘ธ๋ฆฐ ์–ผ๊ตด๊ณผ ์›ƒ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์–ผ๊ตด ์‚ฌ์ง„๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
07:16
some frowning, some smiling.
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07:17
Older people look toward the smiling faces and away from the frowning, angry faces.
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๋‚˜์ด๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ฐŒํ‘ธ๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ™”๋‚œ ์‚ฌ์ง„๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
์›ƒ๋Š” ์–ผ๊ตด์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ผ์ƒ ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ,
07:24
In day-to-day life, this translates into greater enjoyment and satisfaction.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์€ ๋” ํฐ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€๊ณผ
๋งŒ์กฑ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:31
But as social scientists, we continue to ask about possible alternatives.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณผํ•™์ž์ธ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€
๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ„์† ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‚˜์ด๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‡Œ์˜ ์ธ์ง€๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด
07:36
We've said, well, maybe older people report more positive emotions
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์†์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ
07:39
because they're cognitively impaired.
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๊ฐ์ •๋งŒ์„ ๋งํ• ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์„๊นŒ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
๋˜ํ•œ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ •์ด ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ •๋ณด๋‹ค
07:46
We've said, could it be
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07:47
that positive emotions are simply easier to process than negative emotions,
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ˆ˜์›”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์ • ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด
๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹๊นŒ๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:51
and so you switch to the positive emotions?
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋Š™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜
07:54
Maybe our neural centers in our brain
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๋‡Œ์†์˜ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ •์€ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๋ชปํ•˜๋„๋ก
07:56
are degraded such that we're unable to process negative emotions anymore.
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๋‡Œ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ €ํ•˜์‹œํ‚จ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹๊นŒ๋„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
But that's not the case.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
The most mentally sharp older adults
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์ •์‹ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜ˆ๋ฆฌํ•œ ๋…ธ๋…„์ธต์ด
์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ธ์ •์  ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:06
are the ones who show this positivity effect the most.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์กฐ๊ฑดํ•˜์—์„œ
08:10
And under conditions where it really matters,
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08:12
older people do process the negative information
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๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ •๋ณด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
just as well as the positive information.
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08:17
So how can this be?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ด์˜จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ฉด,
08:21
Well, in our research,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋“ค์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ๋…ํŠนํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
08:23
we've found that these changes are grounded fundamentally
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„
๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
in the uniquely human ability to monitor time --
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๊ทธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์‹œ๊ณ„๋‚˜ ๋‹ฌ๋ ฅ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
08:30
not just clock time and calendar time, but lifetime.
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์ธ์ƒ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:34
And if there's a paradox of aging,
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๋…ธํ™”์˜ ์—ญ์„ค์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
08:36
it's that recognizing that we won't live forever
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜์›ํžˆ ์‚ด์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
08:39
changes our perspective on life in positive ways.
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์ธ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ธ์ ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ
์ธ์ƒ์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พผ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ Š์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
08:45
When time horizons are long and nebulous, as they typically are in youth,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์ด ๊ธธ๊ณ  ํ๋ฆฟ ํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š”,
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ 
08:50
people are constantly preparing,
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08:52
trying to soak up all the information they possibly can,
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„ ๋“ค์ด๊ณ 
์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ฌด๋ฆ…์“ฐ๋ฉด์„œ ๋Š์ž„ ์—†์ด ํƒํ—˜์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
taking risks, exploring.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ๋„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
08:58
We might spend time with people we don't even like
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋Š์ •๋„๋Š” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šธ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
09:01
because it's somehow interesting.
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09:03
We might learn something unexpected.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:05
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
09:07
We go on blind dates.
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์†Œ๊ฐœํŒ…์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ตฌ์š”.
09:09
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—,
09:12
You know, after all,
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09:13
if it doesn't work out, there's always tomorrow.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ด ์•ˆ๋˜๋ฉด ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‚ด์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
09:17
People over 50 don't go on blind dates.
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์†Œ๊ฐœํŒ…์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:19
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฉด์„œ,
09:27
As we age, our time horizons grow shorter and our goals change.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ถ•์ด ์งง์•„์ง€๊ณ ,
์ธ์ƒ์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
When we recognize that we don't have all the time in the world,
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์ด์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ธ์ง€ ํ• ๋•Œ,
09:36
we see our priorities most clearly.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‘ก๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ๊ฒƒ์—๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
09:39
We take less notice of trivial matters.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์Œ๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
We savor life.
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๋” ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ ,
09:44
We're more appreciative,
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ํ™”ํ•ด์™€ ํƒ€ํ˜‘์— ๋” ๊ธ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:46
more open to reconciliation.
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09:48
We invest in more emotionally important parts of life,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—
09:51
and life gets better,
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ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ธ์ƒ์ด ๋” ๋‚˜์•„์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:54
so we're happier day-to-day.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ๋งค์ผ ๋” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:57
But that same shift in perspective
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€
09:59
leads us to have less tolerance than ever for injustice.
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๋ถ€๋‹นํ•จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์ „๋ณด๋‹ค
๋œ ๊ด€์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
2015๋…„์—๋Š”,
10:05
By 2015,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—๋Š”
10:07
there will be more people in the United States
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15์„ธ ์ดํ•˜๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ 60์„ธ ์ด์ƒ์˜
10:10
over the age of 60 than under 15.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์•„์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋…ธ๋…„์ธต์ด ๋งŽ์•„์ง€๋ฉด
10:15
What will happen to societies that are top-heavy with older people?
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์ด ์‚ฌํšŒ์—๋Š” ๋ฌด์Šจ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด ๋‚ ๊นŒ์š”?
๊ทธ ์ˆซ์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ
10:20
The numbers won't determine the outcome.
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๊ฒฐ์ •์ง“๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
Culture will.
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๋ฌธํ™”๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
10:27
If we invest in science and technology
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผํ•™๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ•ด์„œ
10:30
and find solutions for the real problems that older people face
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๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ
ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ ,
10:35
and we capitalize on the very real strengths of older people,
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๋…ธ๋…„์ธต์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
์‹ค์ œ์˜ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„
์ž๋ณธํ™” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
๋Š˜์–ด๋‚œ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์ˆ˜๋ช…์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€
10:42
then added years of life can dramatically improve quality of life at all ages.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์„ธ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ‹€์–ด์„œ
์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ–ฅ์ƒ ์‹œํ‚ฌ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์žฌ๋Šฅ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ฐ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•ˆ์ •๋œ
10:49
Societies with millions of talented, emotionally stable citizens
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๋“ค๊ณผ
10:53
who are healthier and better educated than any generations before them,
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์ด์ „ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์–‘์งˆ์˜ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ณ 
ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
10:58
armed with knowledge about the practical matters of life
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์ง€์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์žฅํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ,
์ด๋Ÿฐ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„
11:02
and motivated to solve the big issues
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ํ•ด๊ฒฐ ํ•ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋™๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๊ฐ€๋œ
์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ
์‚ฌํšŒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ์•˜๋˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์„ธ๋Œ€๋ณด๋‹ค๋„
11:07
can be better societies than we have ever known.
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๋” ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ง€๊ธˆ 92์„ธ์ด์‹  ์ €ํฌ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š”
11:14
My father, who is 92, likes to say,
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ๋ง์„ ํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
"๋‚˜์ด๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ตฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ 
11:19
"Let's stop talking only about how to save the old folks
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๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ
11:22
and start talking about how to get them to save us all."
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๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•ด์ฃผ๋„๋ก
๋งŒ๋“ค์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜์ž."
๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:29
Thank you.
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11:30
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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