Paul Kemp-Robertson: Bitcoin. Sweat. Tide. Meet the future of branded currency.

107,453 views ใƒป 2013-07-25

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Zeeva Livshitz ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:12
So if I was to ask you
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ืื– ืœื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื•ืืœ ืื•ืชื›ื
00:15
what the connection between
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ืžื”ื• ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ
00:16
a bottle of Tide detergent and sweat was,
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ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ืฉืœ ื ื•ื–ืœ ื›ื‘ื™ืกื” "ื˜ื™ื™ื“" ืœื–ื™ืขื”
00:19
you'd probably think that's the easiest question
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื–ื• ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืงืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
00:21
that you're going to be asked in Edinburgh all week.
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ืฉืชื™ืฉืืœื• ื‘ืื“ื™ื ื‘ื•ืจื’ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข.
00:24
But if I was to say that they're both examples
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื ืฉืชื™ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช
00:26
of alternative or new forms of currency
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ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื—ืœื•ืคื™ื•ืช ืื• ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื˜ื‘ืข
00:30
in a hyperconnected, data-driven global economy,
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ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช , ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื, ื”ื”ื™ืคืจ-ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ืช,
00:33
you'd probably think I was a little bit bonkers.
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ืืชื ืœื‘ื˜ื— ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื. ืฉืื ื™ ืงืฆืช ืžืฉื•ื’ืข.
00:37
But trust me, I work in advertising.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ืœื™, ืื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ืคื™ืจืกื•ื.
00:39
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:41
And I am going to tell you the answer,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืชืช ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”,
00:43
but obviously after this short break.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืคืกืงื” ืงืฆืจื” ื–ื•.
00:46
So a more challenging question is one
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ืื– ืฉืืœื” ืžืืชื’ืจืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื™ื ืื—ืช
00:48
that I was asked, actually, by one of our writers
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ืฉื ืฉืืœืชื™ ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
00:50
a couple of weeks ago, and I didn't know the answer:
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ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืžื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช , ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”:
00:52
What's the world's best performing currency?
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ืžื”ื• ื”ืžื˜ื‘ืข ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ?
ื–ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” "ื‘ื™ื˜ืงื•ื™ืŸ".
00:55
It's actually Bitcoin.
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00:56
Now, for those of you who may not be familiar,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืœืืœื• ืžื›ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ื›ืจ,
ื‘ื™ื˜ืงื•ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžื˜ื‘ืข- ืงืจื™ืคื˜ื•, ืžื˜ื‘ืข ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืืœื™, ืžื˜ื‘ืข ืกื™ื ืชื˜ื™.
00:59
Bitcoin is a crypto-currency, a virtual currency, synthetic currency.
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01:02
It was founded in 2008 by this anonymous programmer
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ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืกื“ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2008 ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืชื›ื ืช ืื ื•ื ื™ืžื™
01:06
using a pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto.
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืฉื ื‘ื“ื•ื™ ืกืื˜ื•ืฉื™ ื ืงืžื•ื˜ื•.
01:09
No one knows who or what he is.
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ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื™ ืื• ืžื” ื”ื•ื.
01:11
He's almost like the Banksy of the Internet.
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ื”ื•ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืžื• ื‘ื ืงืกื™ (ืืžืŸ ื’ืจืคื™ื˜ื™) ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜.
01:13
And I'm probably not going to do it proper service here,
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ื•ืื ื™ ื›ื ืจืื” ืœื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื ืœื–ื”.
01:17
but my interpretation of how it works is that
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืคืจื•ืฉ ืฉืœื™ ืœืื™ืš ื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“
ื‘ื™ื˜ืงื•ื™ื ื™ื– ืžืฉืชื—ืจืจื™ื ื“ืจืš ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืจื™ื™ื”.
01:19
Bitcoins are released through this process of mining.
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01:21
So there's a network of computers that are challenged
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ืจืฉืช ืฉืœ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืžืื•ืชื’ืจื™ื
01:24
to solve a very complex mathematical problem
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื‘ืขื™ื” ืžืชืžื˜ื™ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช
01:26
and the person that manages to solve it first gets the Bitcoins.
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ื•ื”ืื“ื ืฉืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ืงื•ื™ื ื–.
01:29
And the Bitcoins are released,
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ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ืงื•ื™ื ื– ืžืฉืชื—ืจืจื™ื,
01:30
they're put into a public ledger called the Blockchain,
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ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœืชื•ืš ืกืคืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืฉื ืงืจื "ื‘ืœื•ืงืฆ'ื™ื™ืŸ".
01:33
and then they float, so they become a currency,
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ื•ืื– ื”ื ืฆืคื™ื, ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœืžื˜ื‘ืข,
01:36
and completely decentralized, that's the sort of
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ื•ื”ื ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื™ื, ื–ื” ืžื”
01:39
scary thing about this, which is why it's so popular.
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ืฉืžืคื—ื™ื“ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื”, ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื• ื”ื•ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™.
01:41
So it's not run by the authorities or the state.
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ืื– ื–ื” ืœื ืžื ื•ื”ืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืื• ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
01:44
It's actually managed by the network.
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ื–ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžื ื•ื”ืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉืช.
01:46
And the reason that it's proved very successful
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ื•ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื›ืš ืฉื–ื” ื”ื•ื›ื— ื›ืžื•ืฆืœื— ืžืื•ื“
01:48
is it's private, it's anonymous, it's fast, and it's cheap.
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ื”ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ืคืจื˜ื™, ื–ื” ืื ื•ื ื™ืžื™ ื–ื” ืžื”ื™ืจ, ื•ื–ื” ื–ื•ืœ.
01:52
And you do get to the point where there's some wild fluctuations with Bitcoin.
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ื•ืืชื ืชื’ื™ืขื• ืœื ืงื•ื“ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื” ืชื ื•ื“ื•ืช ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ืขื ื‘ื™ื˜ืงื•ื™ืŸ.
01:55
So in one level it went from something like 13 dollars
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ืื– ื‘ืจืžื” ืื—ืช ื–ื” ืขืœื” ืžืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืžื• 13 ื“ื•ืœืจ
01:58
to 266, literally in the space of four months,
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ืœื›ื“ื™ 266, ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ื›ืžืฉืžืขื• ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื,
02:01
and then crashed and lost half of its value in six hours.
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ื•ืื– ื”ืชืจืกืง ื•ืื™ื‘ื“ ื—ืฆื™ ืžืขืจื›ื• ื‘- 6 ืฉืขื•ืช.
ื•ื›ืจื’ืข ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ืกื‘ื™ื‘
02:04
And it's currently around that kind of
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02:05
110 dollar mark in value.
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ืขืจืš ืฉืœ 110 ื“ื•ืœืจ.
02:08
But what it does show is that it's sort of gaining ground,
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื–ื” ืžืจืื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆื•ื‘ืจ ืื—ื™ื–ื”,
02:11
it's gaining respectability.
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ื”ื•ื ืฆื•ื‘ืจ ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช.
02:12
You get services, like Reddit and Wordpress
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ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ื›ืžื• "ืจื“ื™ื˜" ื•"ื•ื•ืจื“ืคืจืก"
02:14
are actually accepting Bitcoin as a payment currency now.
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ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืขืชื” ื‘ื™ื˜ืงื•ื™ืŸ ื›ืžื˜ื‘ืข ืชืฉืœื•ื.
02:17
And that's showing you that people
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืจืื” ืœื›ื ืฉืื ืฉื™ื
02:19
are actually placing trust in technology,
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ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžื‘ืกืกื™ื ืืช ื”ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”,
02:22
and it's started to trump and disrupt
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ื•ืœืฉื‘ืฉ
02:24
and interrogate traditional institutions
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ื•ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื
02:26
and how we think about currencies and money.
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ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื›ืกืฃ.
02:29
And that's not surprising, if you think about
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ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืžืคืชื™ืข, ืื ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ
02:31
the basket case that is the E.U.
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ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™
02:32
I think there was a Gallup survey out recently
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื ืขืจืš ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืกืงืจ ื’ืืœื•ืค.
02:35
that said something like, in America,
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ืฉืืžืจ ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืžื•, ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”.
02:37
trust in banks is at an all-time low, it's something like 21 percent.
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ื”ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืฉืคืœ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื, ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืžื• 21 ืื—ื•ื–.
02:40
And you can see here some photographs from London
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื›ืืŸ ื›ืžื” ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืžืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ
02:42
where Barclays sponsored the city bike scheme,
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ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื‘ืจืงืœื™ืก ื ืชืŸ ื—ืกื•ืช ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ,
02:44
and some activists have done some nice piece
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ื•ื›ืžื” ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืขืฉื• ืžืฉื”ื• ื ื—ืžื“
02:46
of guerrilla marketing here and doctored the slogans.
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ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ื’ืจื™ืœื” ื›ืืŸ, ื•ื˜ื™ืคืœื• ื‘ืกื™ืกืžืื•ืช.
02:49
"Sub-prime pedaling." "Barclays takes you for a ride."
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"ื“ื™ื•ื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ืกื‘-ืคืจื™ื™ื." "ื‘ืจืงืœื™ืก ืœื•ืงื— ืื•ืชืš ืœืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘."
02:52
These are the more polite ones I could share with you today.
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ืืœื• ื”ื ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื ื•ืžืกื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืชืฃ ืื™ืชื›ื ื”ื™ื•ื.
02:56
But you get the gist, so people have really started
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื‘ื ืชื ืืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจ, ืื– ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื•
ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ืœืื‘ื“ ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช.
02:59
to sort of lose faith in institutions.
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03:01
There's a P.R. company called Edelman,
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ื™ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื™ื—ืกื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืื“ืœืžืŸ
03:03
they do this very interesting survey every year
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ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืกืงืจ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืฉื ื”
03:05
precisely around trust and what people are thinking.
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืืžื•ืŸ ื•ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื.
03:09
And this is a global survey, so these numbers are global.
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ื•ื–ื” ืกืงืจ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™, ืื– ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืืœื” ื”ื ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื™ื.
03:11
And what's interesting is that you can see that
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ื•ืžื” ืฉืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช
ืฉื”ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ื” ืžืขื˜ ืžืชื ื“ื ื“ืช,
03:14
hierarchy is having a bit of a wobble,
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03:16
and it's all about heterarchical now,
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. ื•ื”ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ืจืืจื›ื™ื” ื›ืขืช
03:18
so people trust people like themselves more
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ืื– ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืžื•ื”ื ื™ื•ืชืจ
03:21
than they trust corporations and governments.
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ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื ื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช.
03:24
And if you look at these figures for the more developed markets
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ื•ืื ืืชื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืืœื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืคื•ืชื—ื™ื
03:26
like U.K., Germany, and so on, they're actually much lower.
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ื›ืžื• ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”, ื’ืจืžื ื™ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœืื”, ื”ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื.
03:29
And I find that sort of scary.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžื•ืฆื ืฉื–ื” ืžืคื—ื™ื“ ืžืฉื”ื•.
03:30
People are actually trusting businesspeople
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืื ืฉื™ ืขืกืงื™ื
ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื”ื ื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื.
03:32
more than they're trusting governments and leaders.
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03:35
So what's starting to happen, if you think about money,
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืงืจื•ืช, ืื ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืกืฃ,
03:38
if you sort of boil money down to an essence,
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ืื ืืชื” ืžืชืžืฆืชื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ืœื›ื“ื™ ืžื”ื•ืช,
03:40
it is literally just an expression of value, an agreed value.
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ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ื›ืžืฉืžืขื• ืจืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืขืจืš, ืขืจืš ืžื•ืกื›ื.
03:45
So what's happening now, in the digital age,
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™,
ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื›ืžืช ืืช ื”ืขืจืš ื‘ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื•ืช
03:47
is that we can quantify value in lots of different ways
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03:49
and do it more easily,
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ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ,
03:51
and sometimes the way that we quantify those values,
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ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื›ืžืชื™ื ืขืจื›ื™ื ืืœื•,
03:54
it makes it much easier
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ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื–ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงืœ
03:56
to create new forms and valid forms of currency.
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ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื•ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื˜ื‘ืข.
04:00
In that context, you can see that networks like Bitcoin
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ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”, ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉืจืฉืชื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื‘ื™ื˜ืงื•ื™ืŸ
04:03
suddenly start to make a bit more sense.
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ืคืชืื•ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช.
04:07
So if you think we're starting to question
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ืื– ืื ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ืœืคืงืคืง
04:10
and disrupt and interrogate what money means,
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ื•ืœื ืชืฅ ื•ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืžื”ื™ ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืกืฃ ,
04:12
what our relationship with it is, what defines money,
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ืžื”ื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืืชื•, ืžื” ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ื›ืกืฃ,
04:15
then the ultimate extension of that is,
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ืื– ื”ื”ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื”ืื•ืœื˜ื™ืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื,
04:19
is there a reason for the government to be in charge
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ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืžืžืฉืœื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ
04:21
of money anymore?
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจืื™ืช. ืœื›ืกืฃ?
04:23
So obviously I'm looking at this through a marketing prism,
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ืื– ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืื ื™ ืžืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื“ืจืš ืคืจื™ื–ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ื•ืงื™ืช,
ืื– ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืชื’,
04:26
so from a brand perspective,
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04:27
brands literally stand or fall on their reputations.
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ืžื•ืชื’ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™, ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืื• ื ื•ืคืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื.
04:31
And if you think about it, reputation has now become a currency.
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ื•ืื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื”, ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืš ื›ืขืช ืœืžื˜ื‘ืข.
04:33
You know, reputations are built on trust,
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ื™ ืขืœ ืืžื•ืŸ,
04:35
consistency, transparency.
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ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช, ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช.
04:38
So if you've actually decided that you trust a brand,
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ืื– ืื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื ืฉืืชื ื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืชื’,
04:41
you want a relationship, you want to engage with the brand,
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ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื, ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืžื•ืชื’,
04:43
you're already kind of participating in lots of new forms
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ืืชื ื›ื‘ืจ ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช
04:46
of currency.
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ืฉืœ ืžื˜ื‘ืข.
04:48
So you think about loyalty.
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ืื– ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื ืืžื ื•ืช.
04:50
Loyalty essentially is a micro-economy.
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ื ืืžื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ื•ืชื” ื”ื™ื ืžื™ืงืจื•-ื›ืœื›ืœื”.
04:52
You think about rewards schemes, air miles.
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ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืชื’ืžื•ืœื™ื, ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืื•ื•ื™ืจื™ื™ื.
04:55
The Economist said a few years ago that
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ื”ืืงื•ื ื•ืžื™ืกื˜ ืืžืจ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื
04:57
there are actually more unredeemed air miles in the world
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงื•ืœื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืื•ื•ื™ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื ืคื“ื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื
05:01
than there are dollar bills in circulation.
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ืžืืฉืจ ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ.
05:04
You know, when you are standing in line in Starbucks,
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื , ื›ืฉืืชื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื‘ืกื˜ืืจื‘ืืงืก.
05:07
30 percent of transactions in Starbucks on any one day
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30 ืื—ื•ื– ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื‘ืกื˜ืืจื‘ืืงืก ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื
05:10
are actually being made with Starbucks Star points.
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ืžืชื‘ืฆืขื•ืช ืœืžืขืฉื” ืขื ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืฉืœ ืกื˜ืืจื‘ืงืก.
05:13
So that's a sort of Starbucks currency
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ืื– ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืžื˜ื‘ืข ืกื˜ืืจื‘ืงืก
05:14
staying within its ecosystem.
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ืฉื ืฉืืจ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœื•.
05:16
And what I find interesting is that Amazon
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ืžื” ืฉื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉืืžื–ื•ืŸ
05:19
has recently launched Amazon coins.
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ื”ืฉื™ืงื” ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืžื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ืืžื–ื•ืŸ .
05:22
So admittedly it's a currency at the moment that's purely for the Kindle.
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ืื– ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืจื’ืข ื–ื” ืžื˜ื‘ืข ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืงื™ื ื“ืœ (ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ืœืงืจื™ืืช ืกืคืจื™ื ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื).
05:25
So you can buy apps and make purchases within those apps,
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ื›ืš ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื ื•ืช ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ืฆืข ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืืœื”.
05:28
but you think about Amazon,
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืืžื–ื•ืŸ.
05:30
you look at the trust barometer that I showed you
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ืืชื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืจื•ืžื˜ืจ ื”ืืžื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืจืื™ืชื™ ืœื›ื
05:32
where people are starting to trust businesses,
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ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื
05:35
especially businesses that they believe in and trust
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ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื
ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช.
05:38
more than governments.
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05:39
So suddenly, you start thinking,
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ืื– ืคืชืื•ื, ืืชื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘,
05:41
well Amazon potentially could push this.
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ื—ื•ืฃ ืืช ื–ื”.
05:42
It could become a natural extension,
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ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช,
05:44
that as well as buying stuff --
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ืฉื›ืžื• ืœืงื ื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื --
ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ืžื”ืงื™ื ื“ืœ-- ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืงื ื•ืช ืกืคืจื™ื, ืžื•ืกื™ืงื”,
05:46
take it out of the Kindle -- you could buy books, music,
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05:48
real-life products, appliances and goods and so on.
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ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื, ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื•ืกื—ื•ืจื•ืช ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”.
05:53
And suddenly you're getting Amazon, as a brand,
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ื•ืคืชืื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืืช ืืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื›ืžื•ืชื’,
05:55
is going head to head with the Federal Reserve
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ืฉื”ื•ืœืš ืจืืฉ ื‘ืจืืฉ ืขื ื”ืคื“ืจืœ ืจื™ื–ืจื‘
05:57
in terms of how you want to spend your money,
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ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื™ืš ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื– ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉืœืš,
05:59
what money is, what constitutes money.
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ืžื”ื• ื›ืกืฃ, ืžื” ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ.
06:01
And I'll get you back to Tide, the detergent now,
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ื•ืืงื— ืืชื›ื ื›ืขืช ื—ื–ืจื” ืœ"ื˜ื™ื™ื“" ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ื ื™ืงื•ื™,
06:05
as I promised.
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืชื™.
06:06
This is a fantastic article I came across in New York Magazine,
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ื–ื• ื›ืชื‘ื” ืคื ื˜ืกื˜ื™ืช ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง ืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ,
06:09
where it was saying that drug users across America
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ืฉืืžืจื” ืฉืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ ืกืžื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืืžืจื™ืงื”
06:12
are actually purchasing drugs
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ืœืžืขืฉื” ืจื•ื›ืฉื™ื ืกืžื™ื
06:14
with bottles of Tide detergent.
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ืขื ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื™ ื“ื˜ืจื’ื ื˜ ืฉืœ "ื˜ื™ื™ื“" .
06:16
So they're going into convenience stores,
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ืื– ื”ื ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ื—ื•ืช
06:18
stealing Tide,
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ื’ื•ื ื‘ื™ื "ื˜ื™ื™ื“",
06:20
and a $20 bottle of Tide
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ื•-20 ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ื˜ื™ื™ื“
06:22
is equal to 10 dollars of crack cocaine or weed.
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ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœ-10 ื“ื•ืœืจ ืฉืœ ืงืจืืง ืงื•ืงืื™ืŸ ืื• ื’ืจืืก.
06:27
And what they're saying, so some criminologists
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ื•ืžื” ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื, ื›ืš ืฉืงืจื™ืžื™ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ืื—ื“ื™ื
06:29
have looked at this and they're saying, well, okay,
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ื”ืกืชื›ืœื• ืขืœ ื–ื” ื•ืืžืจื•, ื˜ื•ื‘, ื‘ืกื“ืจ
ื˜ื™ื™ื“ ื›ืžื•ืฆืจ ืžื•ื›ืจืช ื‘ืคืจืžื™ื•ื
06:31
Tide as a product sells at a premium.
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06:33
It's 50 percent above the category average.
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ื–ื” 50 ืื—ื•ื– ืžืขืœ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”.
06:35
It's infused with a very complex cocktail of chemicals,
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ื–ื” ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื‘ ืขื ืงื•ืงื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื,
06:39
so it smells very luxurious and very distinctive,
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืจื™ื— ืžืื“ ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™ ื•ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ืžืื•ื“,
06:41
and, being a Procter and Gamble brand,
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ื•ื›ืžื•ืชื’ "ืคืจื•ืงื˜ืจ ืื ื“ ื’ืžื‘ืœ",
06:43
it's been supported by a lot of mass media advertising.
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ื”ื•ื ื ืชืžืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืจืกื•ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช.
06:47
So what they're saying is that drug users are consumers too,
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ืฉืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ ืกืžื™ื ื”ื ื’ื ืฆืจื›ื ื™ื
06:49
so they have this in their neural pathways.
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ื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ื”ืขืฆื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
06:51
When they spot Tide, there's a shortcut.
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ื›ืฉื”ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื™ื ื‘"ื˜ื™ื™ื“", ื™ืฉ ื“ืจืš ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ.
06:53
They say, that is trust. I trust that. That's quality.
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ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื, ื–ื” ืืžื•ืŸ. ืื ื™ ืกื•ืžืš ืขืœ ื–ื”. ื–ื• ืื™ื›ื•ืช.
06:56
So it becomes this unit of currency,
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ืื– ื–ื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ืžื˜ื‘ืข,
06:59
which the New York Magazine described
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ืฉื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง ืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ ืชืืจ
07:01
as a very oddly loyal crime wave, brand-loyal crime wave,
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ื›ื’ืœ ืคืฉืข ื ืืžืŸ ืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ื–ืจ, ื’ืœ ืคืฉืข ื ืืžืŸ-ืžื•ืชื’,
07:04
and criminals are actually calling Tide "liquid gold."
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ื”ืคื•ืฉืขื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžื›ื ื™ื ืืช "ื˜ื™ื™ื“" "ื–ื”ื‘ ื ื•ื–ืœื™."
07:07
Now, what I thought was funny was the reaction
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืžืฆื—ื™ืง ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”
ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืคืจื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืื ื“ ื’ืžื‘ืœ.
07:10
from the P&G spokesperson.
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07:11
They said, obviously tried to dissociate themselves from drugs,
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ื ื ื™ืกื• ืœื ืชืง ืืช ืขืฆืžื ืžื”ืกืžื™ื,
ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, "ื–ื” ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื™ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“
07:14
but said, "It reminds me of one thing
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07:16
and that's the value of the brand has stayed consistent." (Laughter)
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. ื•ื–ื” ืฉืขืจืš ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ื ืฉืืจ ืขืงื‘ื™. " (ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:20
Which backs up my point and shows he didn't even
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ืžื” ืฉืžื’ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ ื•ืžืจืื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื
07:22
break a sweat when he said that.
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ื”ื–ื™ืข ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืืช ื–ื”.
07:24
So that brings me back to the connection with sweat.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ื—ื–ืจื” ืืœ ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขื ื–ื™ืขื”.
07:27
In Mexico, Nike has run a campaign recently
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ื‘ืžืงืกื™ืงื•, ื ื™ื™ืงื™ ื ื™ื”ืœ ืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”
07:29
called, literally, Bid Your Sweat.
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ืฉื ืงืจื, ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ื›ืžืฉืžืขื•, ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœืš ืœื–ื™ืขื”.
07:31
So you think about,
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ืื– ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ,
07:32
these Nike shoes have got sensors in them,
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ื”ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืฉืœ ื ื™ื™ืงื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืฉื ื™ื,
07:34
or you're using a Nike FuelBand
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ืื• ืฉืืชื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘-"ืคื™ื•ืืœ ื‘ืื ื“" ืฉืœ ื ื™ื™ืงื™
ืฉื‘ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ืขื•ืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืงืฆื‘ ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืฉืœื›ื, ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืฉืœื›ื,
07:36
that basically tracks your movement, your energy,
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07:38
your calorie consumption.
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ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืงืœื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื.
07:40
And what's happening here, this is where you've actually
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ื•ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื›ืืŸ, ื–ื” ืฉื›ืืŸ ืœืžืขืฉื”
07:42
elected to join that Nike community. You've bought into it.
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ื ื‘ื—ืจืชื ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืงื”ื™ืœืช ื ื™ื™ืงื™. ืจื›ืฉืชื ืืช ื–ื”.
07:45
They're not advertising loud messages at you,
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ื”ื ืœื ืžืคืจืกืžื™ื ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืจืžื•ืช.
07:47
and that's where advertising has started to shift now
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ื•ื–ื” ืื™ืคื” ืฉื”ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ื—ืœ ืœื–ื•ื– ืขื›ืฉื™ื•
07:49
is into things like services, tools and applications.
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ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ื›ืœื™ื ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื.
07:52
So Nike is literally acting as a well-being partner,
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ืื– ื ื™ื™ืงื™ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžืชื ื”ื’ ื›ืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœืจื•ื•ื—ื”,
07:55
a health and fitness partner and service provider.
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ืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื›ื•ืฉืจ ื•ืกืคืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื.
07:58
So what happens with this is they're saying, "Right,
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ืขื ื–ื” ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื " ื˜ื•ื‘.
08:00
you have a data dashboard. We know how far you've run,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืœื•ื— ื ืชื•ื ื™ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืื™ื–ื” ืžืจื—ืง ืืชื ืจืฆื™ื
08:02
how far you've moved, what your calorie intake, all that sort of stuff.
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ื•ืžื” ื”ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืขื‘ืจืชื, ืžื”ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืงืœื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื, ื•ื›ื•'.
08:05
What you can do is, the more you run, the more points you get,
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ืžื” ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ื” ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืืชื ืจืฆื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืืชื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช,
08:08
and we have an auction where you can buy Nike stuff
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื” ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืงื ื•ืช ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื ื™ื™ืงื™
08:11
but only by proving that you've actually used the product to do stuff."
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ืื‘ืœ ืจืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉืชื•ื›ื™ื—ื• ืฉืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ืฉืชืžืฉืชื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื."
08:15
And you can't come into this. This is purely
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ื•ืืชื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœื–ื”. ื–ื” ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ
08:17
for the community that are sweating
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ืฉืžื–ื™ืขื™ื
08:19
using Nike products. You can't buy stuff with pesos.
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ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื ื™ื™ืงื™. ืืชื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื ืคื–ื•.
08:21
This is literally a closed environment, a closed auction space.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžืžืฉ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืกื’ื•ืจื”, ืžืจื—ื‘ ืกื’ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื›ื™ืจื” ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ืช.
08:26
In Africa, you know, airtime has become
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ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื–ืžืŸ ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื”ืคืš
08:30
literally a currency in its own right.
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ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœืžื˜ื‘ืข ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืขืฆืžื•.
08:32
People are used to, because mobile is king,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœื›ืš, ื›ื™ ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ ื”ื•ื ืžืœืš,
08:34
they're very, very used to transferring money,
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ื”ื ืžืื•ื“, ืžืื•ื“ ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื›ืกืคื™ื,
08:37
making payments via mobile.
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ืœื‘ืฆืข ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื ื™ื™ื“.
08:39
And one of my favorite examples from a brand perspective
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ืื—ืช ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืชื’
08:41
going on is Vodafone, where, in Egypt,
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ื–ื” ื•ื•ื“ืืคื•ืŸ, ืื™ืคื”, ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื,
08:43
lots of people make purchases in markets
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื
08:46
and very small independent stores.
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ื•ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืฆืžืื™ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“.
08:48
Loose change, small change is a real problem,
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ืขื•ื“ืฃ, ื›ืกืฃ ืงื˜ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขื™ื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช.
08:50
and what tends to happen is you buy a bunch of stuff,
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ื•ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื–ื” ืฉืืชื ืงื•ื ื™ื ื›ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื,
ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื›ื, ื ื ื™ื—,
08:53
you're due, say,
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10 ืกื ื˜ื™ื, 20 ืกื ื˜ ืขื•ื“ืฃ.
08:54
10 cents, 20 cents in change.
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08:56
The shopkeepers tend to give you things like an onion
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ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœืชืช ืœืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ื‘ืฆืœ
08:58
or an aspirin, or a piece of gum,
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ืื• ืืกืคื™ืจื™ืŸ ืื• ืคื™ืกืช ืžืกื˜ื™ืง,
09:00
because they don't have small change.
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ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื›ืกืฃ ืงื˜ืŸ.
09:02
So when Vodafone came in and saw this problem,
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ืื– ื›ืฉื•ื•ื“ืืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืื• ื•ืจืื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื–ื•,
09:04
this consumer pain point, they created
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ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื›ืื‘ ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืจื›ืŸ, ื”ื ื™ืฆืจื•
09:05
some small change which they call Fakka,
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ื›ืกืฃ ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื• "ืคืืงื”",
09:07
which literally sits and is given
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืฆื ื ื™ืชืŸ
09:09
by the shopkeepers to people,
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื,
09:11
and it's credit that goes straight onto their mobile phone.
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ื•ื–ื” ื–ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืฉื ื›ื ืก ื”ื™ื™ืฉืจ ืœื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ ืฉืœื”ื.
09:14
So this currency becomes credit, which again,
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ืื– ืžื˜ื‘ืข ื–ื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื–ื™ื›ื•ื™, ืืฉืจ ืฉื•ื‘,
09:16
is really, really interesting.
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ื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช, ื‘ืืžืช ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.
09:18
And we did a survey that backs up the fact that,
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ื•ืขืจื›ื ื• ืกืงืจ ืฉืžื’ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื”,
09:20
you know, 45 percent of people
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ืฉ.. ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, 45 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื
09:22
in this very crucial demographic in the U.S.
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ื‘ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ื” ื”ืžื›ืจืขืช ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช
09:25
were saying that they're comfortable using
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ืืžืจื• ืฉื ื•ื— ืœื”ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ
09:27
an independent or branded currency.
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ื‘ืžื˜ื‘ืข ืขืฆืžืื™ ืื• ืžืžื•ืชื’.
09:30
So that's getting really interesting here,
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ืื– ื–ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืžืžืฉ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ.
ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืงื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืžืชืจื—ืฉืช.
09:32
a really interesting dynamic going on.
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09:34
And you think, corporations
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ื•ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื, ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื
09:35
should start taking their assets and thinking of them
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ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื ื›ืกื™ื”ื ื•ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ื
09:38
in a different way and trading them.
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช ื•ืœืกื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื.
09:40
And you think, is it much of a leap?
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ื•ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื–ื• ืงืคื™ืฆื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”?
09:43
It seems farfetched, but when you think about it,
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ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืžืื•ืœืฅ, ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื”,
09:46
in America in 1860,
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ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื‘-1860,
09:49
there were 1,600 corporations issuing banknotes.
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ื”ื™ื• 1,600 ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืคื™ืงื• ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช.
09:53
There were 8,000 kinds of notes in America.
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ื”ื™ื• 8,000 ืกื•ื’ื™ ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”.
09:56
And the only thing that stopped that,
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ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืขืฆืจ ื–ืืช,
09:57
the government controlled four percent of the supply,
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ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉืœื˜ื” ื‘-4 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืืกืคืงื”.
10:00
and the only thing that stopped it
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ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืขืฆืจ ื–ืืช
ื”ื™ื” ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืฉืคืจืฆื”,
10:02
was the Civil War breaking out,
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10:03
and the government suddenly wanted to take control of the money.
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ื•ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืคืชืื•ื ืจืฆืชื” ืœืงื—ืช ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœ ื”ื›ืกืฃ.
10:06
So government, money, war, nothing changes there, then.
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ืื– ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื›ืกืฃ, ืžืœื—ืžื”, ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžืฉืชื ื” ืฉื, ืื–,
10:10
So what I'm going to ask is, basically,
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื”ื•ื, ื‘ืขืฆื,
10:13
is history repeating itself?
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ื”ืื ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื”?
10:15
Is technology making paper money feel outmoded?
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ื”ืื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื” ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ื›ืกืฃ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื•ืฉื ื•ืช?
10:19
Are we decoupling money from the government?
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ื”ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืคืจื™ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืžื”ืžืžืฉืœื”?
10:21
You know, you think about, brands are starting to fill the gaps.
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืžื•ืชื’ื™ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืžืœื ืืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื.
10:24
Corporations are filling gaps that governments can't afford to fill.
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ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืžืžืœืื™ื ืคืขืจื™ื ืฉืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžืŸ ืœืžืœื.
10:28
So I think, you know, will we be standing on stage
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื”ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืžื”
10:30
buying a coffee -- organic, fair trade coffee -- next year
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ื•ื ืงื ื” ืงืคื” -ืื•ืจื’ื ื™, ืกื—ืจ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ืงืคื”--ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ื‘ืื”
10:34
using TED florins or TED shillings?
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ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคืœื•ืจื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื˜ื“ ืื• ืฉื™ืœื™ื ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ื˜ื“?
10:37
Thank you very much.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
10:39
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
10:41
Thank you. (Applause)
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ืชื•ื“ื”. (ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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