Karima Bennoune: The side of terrorism that doesn't make headlines

151,385 views ใƒป 2014-07-10

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Shlomo Adam ืžื‘ืงืจ: Oren Szekatch
00:12
Could I protect my father
0
12621
1372
ื”ืื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื’ื•ื ืŸ ืขืœ ืื‘ื™
00:13
from the Armed Islamic Group with a paring knife?
1
13993
3175
ืžืคื ื™ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื ื”ื—ืžื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืกื›ื™ืŸ ืงื™ืœื•ืฃ?
00:17
That was the question I faced
2
17168
1561
ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉืขืžื“ื” ื‘ืคื ื™
00:18
one Tuesday morning in June of 1993,
3
18729
2768
ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืื—ื“ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1993,
00:21
when I was a law student.
4
21497
1842
ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื.
00:23
I woke up early that morning
5
23339
1938
ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจืชื™ ื”ืฉื›ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ,
00:25
in Dad's apartment
6
25277
1120
ื‘ื“ื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™
00:26
on the outskirts of Algiers, Algeria,
7
26397
2298
ื‘ืคืจื‘ืจื™ ืืœื’'ื™ืจ ืฉื‘ืืœื’'ื™ืจื™ื”,
00:28
to an unrelenting pounding on the front door.
8
28695
3274
ืœืฉืžืข ื“ืคื™ืงื•ืช ืชืงื™ืคื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื“ืœืช ื”ืงื“ืžื™ืช.
00:31
It was a season as described by a local paper
9
31969
2760
ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืขื•ื ื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืชื™ืืจ ื–ืืช ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื™,
00:34
when every Tuesday a scholar fell
10
34729
2856
ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืžืœื•ืžื“ ื›ืœืฉื”ื• ื ืคืœ ื—ืœืœ
00:37
to the bullets of fundamentalist assassins.
11
37585
3183
ืžื›ื“ื•ืจื™ ื”ืžืชื ืงืฉื™ื ื”ืงื ืื™ื™ื.
00:40
My father's university teaching of Darwin
12
40768
2362
ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืื‘ื™ ืœื™ืžื“ ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ืืช ืชื•ืจืช ื“ืจื•ื•ื™ืŸ
00:43
had already provoked a classroom visit
13
43130
2000
ื›ื‘ืจ ื’ืจืžื” ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ื‘ื›ื™ืชื”
00:45
from the head of the so-called Islamic Salvation Front,
14
45130
3471
ืžืฆื“ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ืชืงืจื "ื”ื—ื–ื™ืช ืœื”ืฆืœืช ื”ืื™ืกืœื",
00:48
who denounced Dad as an advocate of biologism
15
48601
3056
ืฉื”ื•ืงื™ืข ืืช ืื‘ื™ ื›ืชื•ืžืš ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช
00:51
before Dad had ejected the man,
16
51657
2666
ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ืฉืœื™ื›ื• ืžื”ื›ื™ืชื”,
00:54
and now whoever was outside
17
54323
1487
ื•ื›ืขืช, ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืขืžื“ ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ
00:55
would neither identify himself nor go away.
18
55810
3100
ืœื ื”ืกื›ื™ื ืœื”ื–ื“ื”ื•ืช ืื• ืœื”ืกืชืœืง,
00:58
So my father tried to get the police on the phone,
19
58910
2972
ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื‘ื™ ื ื™ืกื” ืœื”ื–ืขื™ืง ื‘ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”,
01:01
but perhaps terrified by the rising tide
20
61882
2098
ืื‘ืœ ืื•ืœื™ ืžืื™ืžืช ื”ื’ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืื” ืฉืœ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื–ื•ื™ื™ื ืช,
01:03
of armed extremism that had already claimed
21
63980
2424
ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืชื‘ืข ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืืœื’'ื™ืจื™ื™ื ื›ื” ืจื‘ื™ื,
01:06
the lives of so many Algerian officers,
22
66404
2533
01:08
they didn't even answer.
23
68937
2126
ื”ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืขื ื•.
01:11
And that was when I went to the kitchen,
24
71063
2339
ื•ืื– ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืžื˜ื‘ื—,
01:13
got out a paring knife,
25
73402
1375
ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ ืกื›ื™ืŸ ืงื™ืœื•ืฃ
01:14
and took up a position inside the entryway.
26
74777
2978
ื•ืชืคืกืชื™ ืขืžื“ื” ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื”.
01:17
It was a ridiculous thing to do, really,
27
77755
1547
ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืขืฉื” ืžื’ื•ื—ืš, ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืืžืช.
01:19
but I couldn't think of anything else,
28
79302
1849
ืื‘ืœ ื–ื”ื• ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืขืœื” ื‘ื“ืขืชื™,
01:21
and so there I stood.
29
81151
2589
ืื– ื ืขืžื“ืชื™ ืฉื.
01:23
When I look back now, I think that that was the moment
30
83740
2507
ื›ืฉืื ื™ ื ื–ื›ืจืช ื‘ื›ืš, ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื’ืข
01:26
that set me on the path was to writing a book
31
86247
2514
ืฉื‘ื• ื ื•ืœื“ ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉื›ืชื‘ืชื™:
01:28
called "Your Fatwa Does Not Apply Here:
32
88761
2652
"ืคืกืง ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉืœื›ื ืื™ื ื• ืงื‘ื™ืœ ื›ืืŸ:
01:31
Untold Stories from the Fight Against Muslim Fundamentalism."
33
91413
4037
"ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืขืœื•ืžื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื ื’ื“ ื”ืงื ืื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ืช."
01:35
The title comes from a Pakistani play.
34
95450
2966
ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืžืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืžื—ื–ื” ืคืงื™ืกื˜ื ื™.
01:38
I think it was actually that moment
35
98416
2850
ืœื“ืขืชื™ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืจื’ืข ื”ื”ื•ื
01:41
that sent me on the journey
36
101266
1744
ืฉื’ืจื ืœื™ ืœืฆืืช ืœื“ืจืš
01:43
to interview 300 people of Muslim heritage
37
103010
2950
ื•ืœืจืื™ื™ืŸ 300 ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ืจืฉืช ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ืช
01:45
from nearly 30 countries,
38
105960
1534
ืž-30 ืืจืฆื•ืช ื›ืžืขื˜,
01:47
from Afghanistan to Mali,
39
107494
2416
ืžืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ ื•ืขื“ ืžืืœื™,
01:49
to find out how they fought fundamentalism
40
109910
2341
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืื™ืš ื”ื ื ืื‘ืงื• ื‘ืงื ืื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ืช
01:52
peacefully like my father did,
41
112251
2228
ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™-ืฉืœื•ื, ื›ืžื• ืื‘ื™,
01:54
and how they coped with the attendant risks.
42
114479
3735
ื•ืื™ืš ื”ื ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื• ืขื ื”ืกื›ื ื•ืช ื”ื ืœื•ื•ืช.
01:58
Luckily, back in June of 1993,
43
118214
2217
ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืžื–ืœ, ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ 1993,
02:00
our unidentified visitor went away,
44
120431
2832
ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืœื-ืžื–ื•ื”ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ืกืชืœืง,
02:03
but other families were so much less lucky,
45
123263
3045
ืื‘ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืœื ื–ื›ื• ืœืžื–ืœ ื›ื–ื”,
02:06
and that was the thought that motivated my research.
46
126308
3853
ื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœื™.
02:10
In any case, someone would return
47
130161
1530
ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคื ื™ื, ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื—ื–ืจ ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืกืคืจ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื
02:11
a few months later and leave a note
48
131691
1584
ื•ื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืคืชืง ืขืœ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ืžื˜ื‘ื— ืฉืœ ืื‘ื,
02:13
on Dad's kitchen table,
49
133275
1452
02:14
which simply said, "Consider yourself dead."
50
134727
4130
ื•ื‘ื• ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช: "ืืชื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ืžืช."
02:18
Subsequently, Algeria's fundamentalist armed groups
51
138857
2988
ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš, ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืงื ืื™ื ื”ื—ืžื•ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืœื’'ื™ืจ
02:21
would murder as many as 200,000 civilians
52
141845
3063
ืจืฆื—ื• ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืž-200,000 ืื–ืจื—ื™ื
02:24
in what came to be known
53
144908
1352
ื‘ืžื” ืฉื ื•ื“ืข ืื—"ื› ื›ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ืืคืœ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-90,
02:26
as the dark decade of the 1990s,
54
146260
2878
02:29
including every single one
55
149138
1872
ื›ื•ืœืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ื•ืื—ืช ืžื”ื ืฉื™ื ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ื›ืืŸ.
02:31
of the women that you see here.
56
151010
3247
02:34
In its harsh counterterrorist response,
57
154257
2873
ื‘ืชื’ื•ื‘ืชื” ื”ืคื–ื™ื–ื” ืœื˜ืจื•ืจ,
02:37
the state resorted to torture
58
157130
1997
ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื
02:39
and to forced disappearances,
59
159127
1711
ื•ื‘ื”ืขืœืžืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื,
02:40
and as terrible as all of these events became,
60
160838
3362
ื•ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื ืขืฉื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื™ื•ืžื™ื,
02:44
the international community largely ignored them.
61
164200
3635
ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื“"ื› ื”ืชืขืœืžื” ืžื”ื.
02:47
Finally, my father, an Algerian peasant's son turned professor,
62
167835
3723
ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืื‘ื™, ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืื™ื›ืจ ืืœื’'ื™ืจื™ ืฉื ืขืฉื” ืœืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ,
02:51
was forced to stop teaching at the university
63
171558
2103
ื”ื•ื›ืจื— ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœืœืžื“ ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”
02:53
and to flee his apartment,
64
173661
2189
ื•ืœื”ื™ืžืœื˜ ืœื“ื™ืจืชื•,
02:55
but what I will never forget
65
175850
1373
ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืืฉื›ื—
02:57
about Mahfoud Bennoune, my dad,
66
177223
2235
ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœืžื—ืคื•ื“ ื‘ื ื•ืŸ, ืื‘ื ืฉืœื™,
02:59
was that like so many other Algerian intellectuals,
67
179458
2709
ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ืžื• ืžืฉื›ื™ืœื™ื ืืœื’'ื™ืจื™ื™ื ื›ื” ืจื‘ื™ื,
03:02
he refused to leave the country
68
182167
1774
ื’ื ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืจื‘ ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ
03:03
and he continued to publish pointed criticisms,
69
183941
3058
ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืคืจืกื ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ื•ืงื‘ืช,
03:06
both of the fundamentalists
70
186999
1950
ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืงื ืื™ื ื”ื“ืชื™ื™ื,
03:08
and sometimes of the government they battled.
71
188949
2970
ื•ืœืขืชื™ื ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ืฉื ื’ื“ื• ื ืœื—ืžื•.
03:11
For example, in a November 1994 series
72
191919
3122
ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื‘ืกื“ืจืช ืžืืžืจื™ื ืฉืคื•ืจืกืžื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1994 ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ "ืืœ-ื•ื•ื˜ืืŸ",
03:15
in the newspaper El Watan
73
195041
2154
03:17
entitled "How Fundamentalism
74
197195
1509
ืชื—ืช ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช "ืื™ืš ื”ืงื ืื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ื—ื•ืœืœื” ื˜ืจื•ืจ ื—ืกืจ-ืชืงื“ื™ื",
03:18
Produced a Terrorism without Precedent,"
75
198704
3542
03:22
he denounced what he called
76
202246
1237
ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืงื™ืข ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ื™ื ื”
03:23
the terrorists' radical break with the true Islam
77
203483
3333
"ื”ื”ืชื ืชืงื•ืช ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ืจื•ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืื™ืกืœื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™
03:26
as it was lived by our ancestors.
78
206816
2868
"ื›ืคื™ ืฉื—ื™ื• ืื•ืชื• ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•."
03:29
These were words that could get you killed.
79
209684
2831
ืืœื• ืžืœื™ื ืฉืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ืš ืืช ืžื•ืชืš.
03:32
My father's country taught me
80
212515
1477
ืืจืฆื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™ ืœื™ืžื“ื” ืื•ืชื™, ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืขืฉื•ืจ ืืคืœ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-90,
03:33
in that dark decade of the 1990s that
81
213992
2554
03:36
the popular struggle against Muslim fundamentalism
82
216546
3408
ืฉื”ืžืื‘ืง ื”ืขืžืžื™ ื ื’ื“ ื”ืงื ืื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ืช
03:39
is one of the most important
83
219954
1688
ื”ื•ื ืžื”ืžืื‘ืงื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืฉื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืขืœืžื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
03:41
and overlooked human rights struggles
84
221642
2531
ืœืžืขืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
03:44
in the world.
85
224173
1755
03:45
This remains true today, nearly 20 years later.
86
225928
3611
ื–ื”ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื, ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืžืขื˜ 20 ืฉื ื”.
03:49
You see, in every country
87
229539
1581
ื”ืจื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืืจืฅ ืฉื‘ื” ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืขืœ ื’'ื™ื”ืื“ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื—ืžื•ืฉื™ื ืฉืคื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ืื–ืจื—ื™ื,
03:51
where you hear about armed jihadis
88
231120
1850
03:52
targeting civilians,
89
232970
1756
03:54
there are also unarmed people
90
234726
1675
ื—ื™ื™ื ื’ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื-ื—ืžื•ืฉื™ื
03:56
defying those militants that you don't hear about,
91
236401
2847
ืฉืžืชืจื™ืกื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืœื•ื—ืžื ื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื”, ื•ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื.
03:59
and those people need our support to succeed.
92
239248
4582
ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืืœื” ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืชืžื™ื›ืชื ื• ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื—.
04:03
In the West, it's often assumed
93
243830
1818
ื‘ืžืขืจื‘, ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ื”ื™ื,
04:05
that Muslims generally condone terrorism.
94
245648
3037
ืฉื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™, ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื ืกืœื—ื ื™ื™ื ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ื˜ืจื•ืจ.
04:08
Some on the right think this because they view
95
248685
2002
ื‘ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื›ืืœื” ืฉื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื›ืš
ื›ื™ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ืช ืืœื™ืžื” ืžื˜ื‘ืขื”,
04:10
Muslim culture as inherently violent,
96
250687
2263
04:12
and some on the left imagine this
97
252950
1585
ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืฉืžืืœ ื™ืฉ ื›ืืœื” ืฉืžื“ืžื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื–ื”
04:14
because they view Muslim violence,
98
254535
1788
ื›ื™ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื, ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ืช, ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื ืื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ืช,
04:16
fundamentalist violence,
99
256323
1351
04:17
solely as a product of legitimate grievances.
100
257674
3633
ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืชื•ืฆืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืžืจืžืจื•ืช ืžื•ืฆื“ืงืช.
04:21
But both views are dead wrong.
101
261307
2497
ืื‘ืœ ืฉืชื™ ื”ื”ืฉืงืคื•ืช ื›ืื—ื“ ืฉื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ.
04:23
In fact, many people of Muslim heritage
102
263804
1815
ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ืจืฉืช ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืขื–ื™ื
04:25
around the world are staunch opponents
103
265619
2764
04:28
both of fundamentalism and of terrorism,
104
268383
3261
ื”ืŸ ืœืงื ืื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ืœื˜ืจื•ืจ,
04:31
and often for very good reason.
105
271644
2466
ื•ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช - ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืžืื“,
04:34
You see, they're much more likely to be victims
106
274110
2040
ืฉื”ืจื™ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื”ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืฉืœ ืžื—ื•ืœืœื™ื”.
04:36
of this violence than its perpetrators.
107
276150
3155
04:39
Let me just give you one example.
108
279305
2017
ืืชืŸ ืœื›ื ืจืง ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืื—ืช.
04:41
According to a 2009 survey
109
281322
2843
ืœืคื™ ืกืงืจ ืฉื ืขืจืš ื‘-2009,
04:44
of Arabic language media resources,
110
284165
2340
ืข"ื™ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ ืขืจื‘ื™ืช,
04:46
between 2004 and 2008,
111
286505
3251
ื‘ื™ืŸ 2004 ืœ-2008,
04:49
no more than 15 percent of al Qaeda's victims
112
289756
3124
ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-15% ืžื›ืœ ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช "ืืœ-ืงืขื™ื“ื”"
04:52
were Westerners.
113
292880
1581
ื”ื™ื• ืžืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื.
04:54
That's a terrible toll, but the vast majority
114
294461
2945
ื–ื”ื• ืžื—ื™ืจ-ื“ืžื™ื ื ื•ืจื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ
04:57
were people of Muslim heritage,
115
297406
1769
ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ืจืฉืช ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ืช,
04:59
killed by Muslim fundamentalists.
116
299175
2816
ืฉื ืจืฆื—ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืงื ืื™ื ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื.
05:01
Now I've been talking for the last five minutes
117
301991
2828
ื‘-5 ื”ื“ืงื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™ ืขืœ ืงื ืื•ืช ื“ืชื™ืช,
05:04
about fundamentalism, and you have a right to know
118
304819
2483
ื•ื–ื›ื•ืชื›ื ืœื“ืขืช ืœืžื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื™.
05:07
exactly what I mean.
119
307302
1694
05:08
I cite the definition given by the Algerian sociologist
120
308996
3905
ืื ื™ ืžืฆื˜ื˜ืช ืืช ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืฉื ืชื ื” ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื”ืืœื’'ื™ืจื™ืช
05:12
Marieme Helie Lucas,
121
312901
2039
ืžืจื™ืืžื” ื”ืœื™ ืœื•ืงืืก,
05:14
and she says that fundamentalisms,
122
314940
2396
ื•ื”ื™ื ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ืงื ืื•ืช ื“ืชื™ืช --
05:17
note the "s," so within all of the world's
123
317336
2498
ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืœืœืฉื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื,
ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืกื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื“ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
05:19
great religious traditions,
124
319834
1822
05:21
"fundamentalisms are political movements of the extreme right
125
321656
3971
"ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ืงื ืื•ืช ื“ืชื™ืช ื”ืŸ ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™
05:25
which in a context of globalization
126
325627
2163
"ืฉื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืกื˜ื™,
05:27
manipulate religion in order to achieve
127
327790
2494
"ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ื“ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช."
05:30
their political aims."
128
330284
1649
05:31
Sadia Abbas has called this the radical politicization
129
331933
3683
ืกืขื“ื™ื” ืขื‘ืืก ื›ื™ื ื” ื–ืืช, "ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื”ืจื“ื™ืงืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”."
05:35
of theology.
130
335616
1511
05:37
Now I want to avoid projecting the notion
131
337127
2415
ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืจื•ืฉื
05:39
that there's sort of a monolith out there
132
339542
1786
05:41
called Muslim fundamentalism that is the same everywhere,
133
341328
3213
ืฉืฉืžื” ื”ื•ื "ื”ืงื ืื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ืช" ื•ื”ื™ื ื–ื”ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื,
05:44
because these movements also have their diversities.
134
344541
2716
ื›ื™ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืงื™ื™ื ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืฉืœื”ืŸ.
05:47
Some use and advocate violence.
135
347257
2463
ื™ืฉ ืฉืžืฉืชืžืฉื•ืช ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืชื•ืžื›ื•ืช ื‘ื”
05:49
Some do not, though they're often interrelated.
136
349720
2630
ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ืงืฉืจื™ื.
05:52
They take different forms.
137
352350
1570
ื”ืŸ ืœื•ื‘ืฉื•ืช ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
05:53
Some may be non-governmental organizations,
138
353920
2624
ื—ืœืงืŸ ื”ืŸ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื-ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื,
05:56
even here in Britain like Cageprisoners.
139
356544
2532
ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืืŸ, ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”, ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช "ืืกื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœื•ื‘".
05:59
Some may become political parties,
140
359076
2093
ื—ืœืงืŸ ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช,
06:01
like the Muslim Brotherhood,
141
361169
1571
ื›ืžื• "ื”ืื—ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื",
06:02
and some may be openly armed groups
142
362740
1718
ื•ื—ืœืงืŸ ืชื”ื™ื™ื ื” ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื’ืœื•ื™
06:04
like the Taliban.
143
364458
1725
ื›ืžื• ื”"ื˜ืœื™ื‘ืืŸ".
06:06
But in any case, these are all radical projects.
144
366183
3321
ืืš ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ื›ื–ื”, ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื–ืžื™ื ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื.
06:09
They're not conservative or traditional approaches.
145
369504
3229
ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืžืจื ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื•ืช.
06:12
They're most often about changing people's relationship with Islam
146
372733
3213
ืžื˜ืจืชืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ื”ืื™ืกืœื
06:15
rather than preserving it.
147
375946
1555
ื•ืœื ืœืฉืžืจ ืื•ืชื•.
06:17
What I am talking about is the Muslim extreme right,
148
377501
3390
ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™,
06:20
and the fact that its adherents are
149
380891
1999
ื•ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื• ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื, ืื• ืžืชื™ื™ืžืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืืœื”,
06:22
or purport to be Muslim
150
382890
1840
06:24
makes them no less offensive
151
384730
1410
ืœื ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืื•ืชื ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืชื•ืงืคื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ.
06:26
than the extreme right anywhere else.
152
386140
2491
06:28
So in my view, if we consider ourselves
153
388631
1867
ืื– ืœื”ืฉืงืคืชื™, ืื ืื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืฆืžื ื•
06:30
liberal or left-wing,
154
390498
1750
ืœืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื ืื• ืœืฉืžืืœื ื™ื,
06:32
human rights-loving or feminist,
155
392248
2460
ืœื“ื•ื’ืœื™ื ื‘ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ืื• ืœืคืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ื,
06:34
we must oppose these movements
156
394708
2201
ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชื ื’ื“ ืœืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ืืœื”
06:36
and support their grassroots opponents.
157
396909
2845
ื•ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืžืžื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืœืŸ.
06:39
Now let me be clear
158
399754
1616
ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™:
06:41
that I support an effective struggle
159
401370
2002
ืื ื™ ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืžืื‘ืง ื™ืขื™ืœ ื ื’ื“ ื”ืงื ืื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ืช,
06:43
against fundamentalism,
160
403372
1945
06:45
but also a struggle that must itself
161
405317
2280
ืื‘ืœ ืžืื‘ืง ื›ื–ื” ืฉืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™,
06:47
respect international law,
162
407597
1938
06:49
so nothing I am saying should be taken
163
409535
2429
ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืžื” ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืฆื™ื“ื•ืง
06:51
as a justification for refusals
164
411964
1845
06:53
to democratize,
165
413809
1465
ืœืกืจื‘ ืœื’ื™ืฉื” ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช,
06:55
and here I send out a shout-out of support
166
415274
2675
ื•ื›ืืŸ ืื ื™ ืžืฉืžื™ืขื” ื–ืขืงื” ืœืชืžื™ื›ื”
06:57
to the pro-democracy movement in Algeria today, Barakat.
167
417949
4051
ืืœ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืคืจื•-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืืœื’'ื™ืจื™ื” ื”ื™ื•ื, ื”"ื‘ืจื›ืืช".
07:02
Nor should anything I say be taken
168
422000
2282
ื•ื’ื, ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืžื” ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื—ืฉื‘
07:04
as a justification of violations of human rights,
169
424282
2867
ื›ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ืœื”ืคืจื” ืฉืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช-ืื“ื,
07:07
like the mass death sentences
170
427149
1406
ื›ืžื• ื’ื–ืจื™ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื”ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืคืกืงื• ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข.
07:08
handed out in Egypt earlier this week.
171
428555
2920
07:11
But what I am saying
172
431475
1523
ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื›ืŸ ืื•ืžืจืช
07:12
is that we must challenge these Muslim fundamentalist movements
173
432998
3307
ื”ื•ื ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืงืจื•ื ืชื™ื’ืจ ืขืœ ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื•ืช ืงื ืื™ื•ืช ืืœื”
07:16
because they threaten human rights
174
436305
1818
ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื
07:18
across Muslim-majority contexts,
175
438123
2583
ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ ืžื•ืกืœืžื™,
07:20
and they do this in a range of ways,
176
440706
2381
ื•ื”ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื“ืจื›ื™ื,
07:23
most obviously with the direct attacks on civilians
177
443087
2963
ื›ืฉื”ื’ืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืชืงื™ืคื•ืช ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื
07:26
by the armed groups that carry those out.
178
446050
2239
ืžืฆื“ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื•ืฉื•ืช ืฉืžื‘ืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืชืงืคื•ืช ืืœื”.
07:28
But that violence is just the tip of the iceberg.
179
448289
3047
ืื‘ืœ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืงืฆื” ื”ืงืจื—ื•ืŸ.
07:31
These movements as a whole purvey discrimination
180
451336
2791
ื”ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื‘ื›ืœืœืŸ ืžื ืฆื™ื—ื•ืช ืืคืœื™ื”
07:34
against religious minorities and sexual minorities.
181
454127
3321
ื ื’ื“ ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ื“ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ืžื’ื“ืจื™ื™ื.
07:37
They seek to curtail the freedom of religion
182
457448
2080
ื”ืŸ ืฉื•ืืคื•ืช ืœืฆืžืฆื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื“ืชื™
07:39
of everyone who either practices in a different way
183
459528
2899
ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื“ืชื™ื•ืชื• ืฉื•ื ื”
07:42
or chooses not to practice.
184
462427
1964
ืื• ืฉื‘ื•ื—ืจ ืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ืชื™.
07:44
And most definingly, they lead an all-out war
185
464391
3424
ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื—ืœืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืชืŸ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช
07:47
on the rights of women.
186
467815
2081
ื ื’ื“ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื.
07:49
Now, faced with these movements
187
469896
1796
ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืืœื”, ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืฉื™ื— ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™
07:51
in recent years, Western discourse
188
471692
1572
07:53
has most often offered
189
473264
1635
ื”ืฆื™ืข ืขืœ ืคื™ ืจื•ื‘ ืฉืชื™ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ื—ืกืจ.
07:54
two flawed responses.
190
474899
2257
07:57
The first that one sometimes finds on the right
191
477156
2563
ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ืฉื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ืŸ,
07:59
suggests that most Muslims are fundamentalist
192
479719
2542
ื˜ื•ืขื ืช ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื ื”ื ืงื ืื™ื ื“ืชื™ื™ื,
08:02
or something about Islam is inherently fundamentalist,
193
482261
3346
ืื• ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืื™ืกืœื ื”ื•ื ืžื˜ื‘ืขื• ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™,
08:05
and this is just offensive and wrong,
194
485607
3291
ื•ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžืขืœื™ื‘ ื•ื’ื ืœื-ื ื›ื•ืŸ,
08:08
but unfortunately on the left one sometimes encounters
195
488898
2408
ืืš ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ, ืœืขืชื™ื ื ืชืงืœื™ื ื‘ืฉืžืืœ
08:11
a discourse that is too politically correct
196
491306
2182
ื‘ืฉื™ื— ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ืชืงื™ืŸ ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช
08:13
to acknowledge the problem of Muslim fundamentalism at all
197
493488
3802
ืžื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืฉืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœ ืงื ืื•ืช ื“ืชื™ืช ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ืช
08:17
or, even worse, apologizes for it,
198
497290
2361
ืื•, ื—ืžื•ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉื™ื— ืฉืžืชื ืฆืœ ืขืœ ื›ืš,
08:19
and this is unacceptable as well.
199
499651
2548
ื•ื’ื ื–ื” ืœื ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช.
08:22
So what I'm seeking is a new way
200
502199
2062
ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื™ ืžื—ืคืฉืช ื“ืจืš ื—ื“ืฉื” ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืœืฉื•ื—ื— ืขืœ ื›ืš,
08:24
of talking about this all together,
201
504261
2121
08:26
which is grounded in the lived experiences
202
506382
2728
ื“ืจืš ืฉืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ื—ื–ื™ืช.
08:29
and the hope of the people on the front lines.
203
509110
2949
08:32
I'm painfully aware that there has been
204
512059
1951
ืื ื™ ืžื•ื“ืขืช ืขื“ ื›ืื‘ ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ืืคืœื™ื” ื ื’ื“ ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช
08:34
an increase in discrimination against Muslims in recent years
205
514010
3181
08:37
in countries like the U.K. and the U.S.,
206
517191
2471
ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื” ื•ืืจื”"ื‘,
08:39
and that too is a matter of grave concern,
207
519662
3054
ื•ื’ื ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื“ืื’ื” ืจื‘ื”,
08:42
but I firmly believe
208
522716
1139
ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ
08:43
that telling these counter-stereotypical stories
209
523855
2961
ืฉืœืกืคืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืœื-ืกื˜ืจื™ืื•ื˜ื™ืคื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื”
08:46
of people of Muslim heritage
210
526816
1326
ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ืจืฉืช ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ืช
08:48
who have confronted the fundamentalists
211
528142
2172
ืฉื”ืชื™ื™ืฆื‘ื• ื ื’ื“ ื”ืงื ืื™ื ื”ื“ืชื™ื™ื
08:50
and been their primary victims
212
530314
2015
ื•ื”ื™ื• ืœืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื,
08:52
is also a great way of countering that discrimination.
213
532329
4577
ื’ื ื”ื™ื ื“ืจืš ืžืขื•ืœื” ืœื”ืชื ื’ื“ ืœืืคืœื™ื” ื–ื•.
08:56
So now let me introduce you
214
536906
1780
ืื– ื›ืขืช ื”ื‘ื” ื•ืืฆื™ื’ ืœื›ื 4 ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื”ื
08:58
to four people whose stories
215
538686
1656
09:00
I had the great honor of telling.
216
540342
3216
ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘ ืœืกืคืจ.
09:03
Faizan Peerzada and the Rafi Peer Theatre
217
543558
2233
ืคื™ื™ื–ืืŸ ืคื™ืจ-ื–ืื“ื” ื•"ืกื“ื ืช ื”ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ืจืืคื™ ืคื™ืจ", ืข"ืฉ ืื‘ื™ื•,
09:05
workshop named for his father
218
545791
2002
09:07
have for years promoted the performing arts
219
547793
2138
ืขื•ื“ื“ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื ืืช ืืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืžื” ื‘ืคืงื™ืกื˜ืŸ.
09:09
in Pakistan.
220
549931
1732
09:11
With the rise of jihadist violence,
221
551663
1461
ืขื ื”ืชื’ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’'ื™ื”ืื“ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื”ื ื”ื—ืœื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื™ื•ืžื™ื
09:13
they began to receive threats
222
553124
1576
09:14
to call off their events, which they refused to heed.
223
554700
3250
ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื, ื•ื”ื ืกื™ืจื‘ื• ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื›ืš.
09:17
And so a bomber struck their 2008
224
557950
3270
ื•ืื– ื‘ื•ืฆืข ื‘-2008 ืคื™ื’ื•ืข ื‘ืคืกื˜ื™ื‘ืœ ื”ืืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”-8 ืฉืœื”ื, ื‘ืœืื”ื•ืจ,
09:21
eighth world performing arts festival in Lahore,
225
561220
2884
09:24
producing rain of glass
226
564104
1688
ื•ืžื˜ืจ ืฉืœ ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ื•ืช ื ืคืœ ืœืชื•ืš ืžืงื•ื ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข
09:25
that fell into the venue
227
565792
1665
09:27
injuring nine people,
228
567457
1935
ื•ืคืฆืข ืชืฉืขื” ืื ืฉื™ื,
09:29
and later that same night,
229
569392
1568
ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืื•ืชื• ืขืจื‘
09:30
the Peerzadas made a very difficult decision:
230
570960
2751
ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ืคื™ืจ-ื–ืื“ื” ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืงืฉื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ:
09:33
they announced that their festival
231
573711
1869
ื”ื ื”ื›ืจื™ื–ื• ืฉื”ืคืกื˜ื™ื‘ืœ ืฉืœื”ื ื™ื™ืžืฉืš ืœืžื—ืจืช ื›ืžืชื•ื›ื ืŸ.
09:35
would continue as planned the next day.
232
575580
3407
09:38
As Faizan said at the time,
233
578987
1451
ื›ืคื™ ืฉืคื™ื™ื–ืืŸ ืืžืจ ืื–:
09:40
if we bow down to the Islamists,
234
580438
1942
"ืื ื ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ืจืืฉื™ื ื• ืžื•ืœ ื”ืื™ืกืœืžื™ืกื˜ื™ื,
09:42
we'll just be sitting in a dark corner.
235
582380
3111
"ื ืžืฆื ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื• ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืคื™ื ื” ื—ืฉื•ื›ื”."
09:45
But they didn't know what would happen.
236
585491
1658
ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืžื” ื™ืงืจื”.
09:47
Would anyone come?
237
587149
2437
ื”ืื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืื ืฉื™ื?
09:49
In fact, thousands of people came out the next day
238
589586
2889
ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืืœืคื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฆืื• ืœืžื—ืจืช
09:52
to support the performing arts in Lahore,
239
592475
2402
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืคืกื˜ื™ื‘ืœ ื”ืืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœืื”ื•ืจ,
09:54
and this simultaneously thrilled
240
594877
1845
ื•ื–ื” ื’ื ืฉื™ืžื— ื•ื’ื ื”ืคื—ื™ื“ ืืช ืคื™ื™ื–ืืŸ,
09:56
and terrified Faizan,
241
596722
1822
09:58
and he ran up to a woman
242
598544
1453
ื•ื”ื•ื ืจืฅ ืืœ ืืฉื” ืื—ืช,
09:59
who had come in with her two small children,
243
599997
2217
ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืขื ืฉื ื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื” ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื,
10:02
and he said, "You do know there was a bomb here yesterday,
244
602214
3194
ื•ืืžืจ: "ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœืš ื”ืจื™ ืฉืืชืžื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื›ืืŸ ืคื™ื’ื•ืข,
10:05
and you do know there's a threat here today."
245
605408
2327
"ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœืš ืฉืงื™ื™ื ืื™ื•ื ืฉื–ื” ื™ืงืจื” ื’ื ื”ื™ื•ื."
10:07
And she said, "I know that,
246
607735
1883
ื•ื”ื™ื ืขื ืชื”: "ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืืช ื–ื”,
10:09
but I came to your festival
247
609618
1564
"ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืืชื™ ืœืคืกื˜ื™ื‘ืœ ืฉืœื›ื ืขื ืืžื™, ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื’ื™ืœื,
10:11
with my mother when I was their age,
248
611182
2430
10:13
and I still have those images in my mind.
249
613612
3048
"ื•ืื ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื›ืจืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืจืื•ืช.
10:16
We have to be here."
250
616660
2138
"ืื ื• ืžื•ื›ืจื—ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืืŸ."
10:18
With stalwart audiences like this,
251
618798
1857
ื‘ืขื–ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืงื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืฃ ื›ื–ื”
10:20
the Peerzadas were able to conclude
252
620655
1654
ื‘ื ื™ ืคื™ืจ-ื–ืื“ื” ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืกื˜ื™ื‘ืœ ืฉืœื”ื ื›ืžืชื•ื›ื ืŸ.
10:22
their festival on schedule.
253
622309
2460
10:24
And then the next year,
254
624769
1237
ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ื‘ืื” ื”ื ืื™ื‘ื“ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื ื•ืชื ื™ ื”ื—ืกื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื
10:26
they lost all of their sponsors
255
626006
1883
10:27
due to the security risk.
256
627889
2369
ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™.
10:30
So when I met them in 2010,
257
630258
2300
ืื– ื›ืฉืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืื•ืชื ื‘-2010,
10:32
they were in the middle of the first subsequent event
258
632558
2286
ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžืื–,
10:34
that they were able to have in the same venue,
259
634844
3066
ืฉืื•ืชื• ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืื•ืœื,
10:37
and this was the ninth youth performing arts festival
260
637910
3264
ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืคืกื˜ื™ื‘ืœ ื”ืืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื™ืขื™ ืœื ื•ืขืจ
10:41
held in Lahore in a year when that city
261
641174
2975
ืฉื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืœืื”ื•ืจ ื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ื—ื•ื•ืชื” ื›ื‘ืจ 44 ืคื™ื’ื•ืขื™ื.
10:44
had already experienced 44 terror attacks.
262
644149
4070
10:48
This was a time when the Pakistani Taliban
263
648219
2103
ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”"ื˜ืœื™ื‘ืืŸ" ื”ืคืงื™ืกื˜ื ื™
ื”ื—ืœ ืœืคื’ืข ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™-ืกืคืจ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช,
10:50
had commenced their systematic targeting
264
650322
1817
10:52
of girls' schools that would culminate
265
652139
2208
ื•ื–ื” ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ืชื ืงืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืœืืœื” ื™ื•ืกืคื–ืื™.
10:54
in the attack on Malala Yousafzai.
266
654347
2759
10:57
What did the Peerzadas do in that environment?
267
657106
4395
ืื– ืžื” ืขืฉื• ื‘ื ื™ ืคื™ืจ-ื–ืื“ื” ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื›ื–ื•?
11:01
They staged girls' school theater.
268
661501
3173
ื”ื ื”ืขืœื• ืžื—ื–ื” ื‘ื‘ื™"ืก ืœื‘ื ื•ืช.
11:04
So I had the privilege of watching "Naang Wal,"
269
664674
2812
ื•ื›ืš ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘"ื ืื ื’ ื•ื•ืืœ",
11:07
which was a musical in the Punjabi language,
270
667486
2632
ืžื—ื–ืžืจ ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ืคื•ื ื’'ืื‘ื™ืช,
11:10
and the girls of Lahore Grammar School
271
670118
1762
ื•ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื”"ืก ืœื“ืงื“ื•ืง ื‘ืœืื”ื•ืจ ืฉื™ื—ืงื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื.
11:11
played all the parts.
272
671880
1726
11:13
They sang and danced,
273
673606
1234
ื”ืŸ ืฉืจื• ื•ืจืงื“ื•,
11:14
they played the mice and the water buffalo,
274
674840
2658
ื”ืŸ ื’ื™ืœืžื• ืืช ื”ืขื›ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืืช ืชืื•ืื™ ื”ืžื™ื,
11:17
and I held my breath, wondering,
275
677498
2464
ื•ืื ื™ ืขืฆืจืชื™ ืืช ื ืฉื™ืžืชื™ ื‘ืชื”ื™ื™ื”
11:19
would we get to the end
276
679962
1267
ืื ื ื–ื›ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ื”ืฆื’ื” ื ืคืœืื” ื–ื• ืขื“ ืกื•ืคื”?
11:21
of this amazing show?
277
681229
2286
11:23
And when we did, the whole audience
278
683515
2556
ื•ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื”, ื”ืงื”ืœ ื›ื•ืœื• ื ืฉื ืœืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื›ืื™ืฉ ืื—ื“,
11:26
collectively exhaled,
279
686071
1738
11:27
and a few people actually wept,
280
687809
2264
ื•ื”ื™ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžืžืฉ ื‘ื›ื•,
11:30
and then they filled the auditorium
281
690073
2523
ื•ืื– ื”ื ืžื™ืœืื• ืืช ื”ืื•ืœื
11:32
with the peaceful boom of their applause.
282
692596
2839
ื‘ืจืขืžื™ ื”ืฉืœื•ื ืฉืœ ืชืฉื•ืื•ืชื™ื”ื.
11:35
And I remember thinking in that moment
283
695435
2987
ื•ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจืช ืฉื‘ืื•ืชื• ืจื’ืข ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™
11:38
that the bombers made headlines here
284
698422
2431
ืฉื”ื˜ืจื•ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื–ื›ื• ื›ืืŸ ืœื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ,
11:40
two years before
285
700853
1663
11:42
but this night and these people
286
702516
2364
ืื‘ืœ ื”ืขืจื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื•ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื”
11:44
are as important a story.
287
704880
3291
ื”ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืชื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื”-ื‘ืžื™ื“ื”.
11:50
Maria Bashir is the first and only
288
710488
2480
ืžืจื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื™ื ื”ืืฉื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”
11:52
woman chief prosecutor in Afghanistan.
289
712968
3124
ืฉืžื›ื”ื ืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ืขืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ืฉืœ ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ.
11:56
She's been in the post since 2008
290
716092
2214
ื”ื™ื ืžื›ื”ื ืช ืžืื– 2008,
11:58
and actually opened an office to investigate
291
718306
2186
ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืงื™ืžื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืงืจื™ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื ืฉื™ื,
12:00
cases of violence against women,
292
720492
1826
12:02
which she says is the most important area
293
722318
2258
ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื”, ื–ื”ื• ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”.
12:04
in her mandate.
294
724576
1734
12:06
When I meet her in her office in Herat,
295
726310
3065
ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืคื•ื’ืฉืช ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื” ืฉื‘ื”ืจืื˜,
12:09
she enters surrounded by
296
729375
1745
ื”ื™ื ื ื›ื ืกืช, ืžื•ืงืคืช ื‘-4 ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื’ื•ื“ืœื™ื ืขื 4 ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืขื ืงื™ื™ื.
12:11
four large men with four huge guns.
297
731120
3366
12:14
In fact, she now has 23 bodyguards,
298
734486
2964
ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื” ื›ื™ื•ื 23 ืฉื•ืžืจื™-ืจืืฉ,
12:17
because she has weathered bomb attacks
299
737450
1420
ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉืจื“ื” ืคื™ื’ื•ืขื™ื
12:18
that nearly killed her kids,
300
738870
1678
ืฉื›ืžืขื˜ ื”ืจื’ื• ืืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื”,
12:20
and it took the leg off of one of her guards.
301
740548
3351
ื•ืงื˜ืขื• ืืช ืจื’ืœื• ืฉืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืฉื•ืžืจื™ ื”ืจืืฉ ืฉืœื”.
12:23
Why does she continue?
302
743899
2110
ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื”?
12:26
She says with a smile that that is the question
303
746009
2654
ื”ื™ื ืื•ืžืจืช ื‘ื—ื™ื•ืš ืฉื–ื• ื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืฉื•ืืœื™ื --
12:28
that everyone asksโ€”
304
748663
2047
12:30
as she puts it, "Why you risk not living?"
305
750710
3825
ื‘ื ื™ืกื•ื—ื”: "ืžื“ื•ืข ืืช ืžืกืชื›ื ืช ื‘ืœื-ืœื—ื™ื•ืช?"
12:34
And it is simply that for her,
306
754535
1639
ื•ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื”ื™ื, ืฉืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื”,
12:36
a better future for all the Maria Bashirs to come
307
756174
3469
ืขืชื™ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ืขืชื™ื“
12:39
is worth the risk,
308
759643
1484
ืฉื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ,
12:41
and she knows that if people like her
309
761127
1710
ื•ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉืื ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืžื•ื” ืœื ื™ืกืชื›ื ื•,
12:42
do not take the risk,
310
762837
1915
12:44
there will be no better future.
311
764752
2297
ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ื ืขืชื™ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
12:47
Later on in our interview,
312
767049
1727
ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•,
12:48
Prosecutor Bashir tells me how worried she is
313
768776
2363
ื”ืชื•ื‘ืขืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ืžืกืคืจืช ืœื™ ื›ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืžื•ื“ืื’ืช
12:51
about the possible outcome
314
771139
1519
ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ืืคืฉืจื™ืช
12:52
of government negotiations with the Taliban,
315
772658
2499
ืฉืœ ื”ืžื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœ"ื˜ืœื™ื‘ืืŸ",
12:55
the people who have been trying to kill her.
316
775157
2394
ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื™ืกื• ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ืื•ืชื”.
12:57
"If we give them a place in the government,"
317
777551
1752
"ืื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืžืžืฉืœื”,"
12:59
she asks, "Who will protect women's rights?"
318
779303
3217
ื”ื™ื ืฉื•ืืœืช, "ืžื™ ื™ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื?"
13:02
And she urges the international community
319
782520
2366
ื•ื”ื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืžื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช
13:04
not to forget its promise about women
320
784886
2632
ืœื ืœืฉื›ื•ื— ืืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืชื” ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื ืฉื™ื,
13:07
because now they want peace with Taliban.
321
787518
3827
ืจืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื›ืขืช ื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉืœื•ื ืขื ื”"ื˜ืœื™ื‘ืืŸ".
13:11
A few weeks after I leave Afghanistan,
322
791345
2205
ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืื—ื“ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ื–ื‘ืช ืืช ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ,
13:13
I see a headline on the Internet.
323
793550
2875
ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜.
13:16
An Afghan prosecutor has been assassinated.
324
796425
3605
"ืจืฆื— ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ."
13:20
I google desperately,
325
800030
2136
ืื ื™ ืžื—ืคืฉืช ื ื•ืืฉื•ืช ื‘"ื’ื•ื’ืœ",
13:22
and thankfully that day I find out
326
802166
1674
ื•ืชื•ื“ื” ืœืืœ, ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ืื ื™ ืžื’ืœื”
13:23
that Maria was not the victim,
327
803840
2086
ืฉืžืจื™ื” ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ,
13:25
though sadly, another Afghan prosecutor
328
805926
2223
ืืฃ ืฉืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ, ืชื•ื‘ืข ืืคื’ื ื™ ืื—ืจ
13:28
was gunned down on his way to work.
329
808149
2031
ื”ื•ื ืฉื ืจืฆื— ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ื‘ื“ืจื›ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
13:30
And when I hear headlines like that now,
330
810180
2995
ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืฉื•ืžืขืช ื›ื™ื•ื ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช ื›ืืœื”,
13:33
I think that as international troops
331
813175
2298
ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื‘ืขื•ื“ ื”ืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื
13:35
leave Afghanistan this year and beyond,
332
815473
3048
ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื” ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ื”,
13:38
we must continue to care
333
818521
1906
ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื—ื•ืฉ ืื™ื›ืคืชื™ื•ืช
13:40
about what happens to people there,
334
820427
1433
ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ืœืขื ืฉื,
13:41
to all of the Maria Bashirs.
335
821860
3026
ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจ.
13:44
Sometimes I still hear her voice in my head
336
824886
2613
ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืื ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืžืขืช ื‘ืจืืฉื™ ืืช ืงื•ืœื”
13:47
saying, with no bravado whatsoever,
337
827499
3081
ื‘ืื•ืžืจื”, ืœืœื ืฉื•ื ื”ืชืคืืจื•ืช:
13:50
"The situation of the women of Afghanistan
338
830580
2605
"ืžืฆื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ ื™ืฉืชืคืจ ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“.
13:53
will be better someday.
339
833185
1906
13:55
We should prepare the ground for this,
340
835091
2235
"ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืœื›ืš ืืช ื”ืงืจืงืข,
13:57
even if we are killed."
341
837326
2943
"ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื ื™ื”ืจื’."
14:01
There are no words adequate
342
841854
1648
ืื™ืŸ ืžืœื™ื ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืงื™ืข ืืช ื”ื˜ืจื•ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ "ืืœ-ืฉื‘ืื‘"
14:03
to denounce the al Shabaab terrorists
343
843502
1976
14:05
who attacked the Westgate Mall in Nairobi
344
845478
2262
ืฉืชืงืคื• ืืช ืงื ื™ื•ืŸ "ื•ื•ืกื˜ื’ื™ื™ื˜" ื‘ื ืื™ืจื•ื‘ื™
14:07
on the same day as a children's cooking competition
345
847740
3462
ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ื‘ื• ื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื” ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื
14:11
in September of 2013.
346
851202
2418
ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2013.
14:13
They killed 67, including poets and pregnant women.
347
853620
4499
ื”ื ื”ืจื’ื• 67, ื•ื‘ื”ื ืžืฉื•ืจืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืจื•ืช.
14:18
Far away in the American Midwest,
348
858119
2099
ื”ืจื—ืง ืžืฉื, ื‘ืžืขืจื‘ ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืืžืจื™ืงื”,
14:20
I had the good fortune of meeting Somali-Americans
349
860218
2347
ื”ืชืžื–ืœ ืžื–ืœื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืฉ ืกื•ืžืืœื™ื-ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื,
14:22
who were working to counter the efforts of al Shabaab
350
862565
2848
ืฉืคืขืœื• ืœืกื›ืœ ืืช ืžืืžืฆื™ "ืืœ-ืฉื‘ืื‘"
14:25
to recruit a small number of young people
351
865413
2224
ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ืžืกืคืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจื, ืžื™ื ื™ืืคื•ืœื™ืก,
14:27
from their city of Minneapolis
352
867637
1944
14:29
to take part in atrocities like Westgate.
353
869581
3698
ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ื–ื•ื•ืขื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื‘"ื•ื•ืกื˜ื’ื™ื™ื˜".
14:33
Abdirizak Bihi's studious
354
873279
1960
ืื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ื—ืจื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื“ื•ืœ ืจื–ืืง ื‘ื™ื”ื™,
14:35
17-year-old nephew Burhan Hassan
355
875239
2889
ื‘ื•ืจื”ืืŸ ื—ืกืŸ ื‘ ื”-17,
14:38
was recruited here in 2008,
356
878128
2648
ื’ื•ื™ืก ื›ืืŸ ื‘-2008,
14:40
spirited to Somalia,
357
880776
1760
ื ืฉืœื— ืœืกื•ืžืœื™ื”,
14:42
and then killed when he tried to come home.
358
882536
3370
ื•ืื—ืจ ื ื”ืจื’ ื›ืฉื ื™ืกื” ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”.
14:45
Since that time, Mr. Bihi,
359
885906
1594
ืžืื–, ืžืจ ื‘ื™ื”ื™,
14:47
who directs the no-budget Somali Education and Advocacy Center,
360
887500
4253
ืฉืžื ื”ืœ ืœืœื ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืืช "ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืกื•ืžืœื™ ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืกื™ื•ืข",
14:51
has been vocally denouncing the recruitment
361
891753
2451
ืžื•ืงื™ืข ื‘ื’ืœื•ื™ ืืช ื”ื’ื™ื•ืกื™ื
14:54
and the failures of government
362
894204
1856
ื•ืืช ื›ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ื•ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืกื•ืžืืœื™ื™ื-ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื™ื,
14:56
and Somali-American institutions
363
896060
2219
14:58
like the Abubakar As-Saddique Islamic Center
364
898279
3025
ื›ืžื• ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ ืื‘ื•-ื‘ืืงืจ ืืœ-ืกื“ื™ืง
15:01
where he believes his nephew was radicalized
365
901304
2231
ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื ื“ื—ืฃ ืœืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช
15:03
during a youth program.
366
903535
2106
ื‘ืกื“ื ืช ื ื•ืขืจ ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช.
15:05
But he doesn't just criticize the mosque.
367
905641
2153
ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืง ืžื•ืชื— ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืกื’ื“.
15:07
He also takes on the government
368
907794
1579
ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืžื’ื ื” ืืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืขืœ ื›ืฉืœื•ื ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ
15:09
for its failure to do more
369
909373
1785
15:11
to prevent poverty in his community.
370
911158
2498
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืขื•ื ื™ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื•.
15:13
Given his own lack of financial resources,
371
913656
2289
ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขื“ืจ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืืฆืœื•,
15:15
Mr. Bihi has had to be creative.
372
915945
2311
ืžืจ ื‘ื™ื”ื™ ื ืืœืฅ ืœื’ืœื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช.
15:18
To counter the efforts of al Shabaab
373
918256
1894
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื›ืœ ืืช ืžืืžืฆื™ "ืืœ-ืฉื‘ืื‘" ืœื”ื“ื™ื— ืขื•ื“ ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืžื ื•ื›ืจื™ื,
15:20
to sway more disaffected youth,
374
920150
2385
15:22
in the wake of the group's 2010 attack
375
922535
2435
ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ื’ื•ืข ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื–ื• ื‘-2010,
15:24
on World Cup viewers in Uganda,
376
924970
2594
ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ื’ื‘ื™ืข ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืื•ื’ื ื“ื”,
15:27
he organized a Ramadan basketball tournament
377
927564
3340
ื”ื•ื ืื™ืจื’ืŸ ื›ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื›ื“ื•ืจืกืœ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืจืžืื“ืŸ, ื‘ืžื™ื ื™ืืคื•ืœื™ืก.
15:30
in Minneapolis in response.
378
930904
2532
15:33
Scores of Somali-American kids came out
379
933436
2684
ื”ืžื•ื ื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืกื•ืžืืœื™ื-ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืกืคื•ืจื˜
15:36
to embrace sport
380
936120
1388
15:37
despite the fatwa against it.
381
937508
2492
ืœืžืจื•ืช ืคืกืง ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื ื’ื“ ื–ื”.
15:40
They played basketball
382
940000
1745
ื”ื ืฉื™ื—ืงื• ื›ื“ื•ืจืกืœ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืจื”ืืŸ ื—ืกืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื™ื–ื›ื” ืœืฉื—ืง.
15:41
as Burhan Hassan never would again.
383
941745
3867
15:45
For his efforts, Mr. Bihi has been ostracized
384
945612
2650
ื›ื’ืžื•ืœ ืขืœ ืžืืžืฆื™ื•, ืžืจ ื‘ื™ื”ื™ ื”ื•ื—ืจื
15:48
by the leadership of the Abubakar As-Saddique Islamic Center,
385
948262
3072
ืข"ื™ ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ ืื‘ื•-ื‘ืืงืจ ืืœ-ืกื“ื™ืง,
15:51
with which he used to have good relations.
386
951334
2565
ืฉืขื™ืžื• ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื.
15:53
He told me, "One day we saw the imam on TV
387
953899
2386
ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื™: "ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืื™ืžืื ื‘ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”,
15:56
calling us infidels and saying,
388
956285
2058
"ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ื™ื ื” ืื•ืชื ื• 'ื›ื•ืคืจื™ื', ื•ืืžืจ,
15:58
'These families are trying to destroy the mosque.'"
389
958343
3569
"'ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืžื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ืจื•ืก ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ื“'."
16:01
This is at complete odds
390
961912
1411
ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื ื•ื’ื“ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ
16:03
with how Abdirizak Bihi understands
391
963323
2533
ืœืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื• ืขื‘ื“ื•ืœ ืจื–ืืง ื‘ื™ื”ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื ื™ืกื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช
16:05
what he is trying to do
392
965856
1800
16:07
by exposing al Shabaab recruitment,
393
967656
2406
ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ืงื™ืข ืืช ื”ื’ื™ื•ืกื™ื ืฉืœ "ืืœ-ืฉื‘ืื‘",
16:10
which is to save the religion I love
394
970062
2422
ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•, ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืช ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœื™
16:12
from a small number of extremists.
395
972484
3126
ืžืคื ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ื–ืขื•ื ืฉืœ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื.
16:16
Now I want to tell one last story,
396
976938
2561
ื›ืขืช ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ,
16:19
that of a 22-year-old law student in Algeria
397
979499
3014
ืขืœ ืกื˜ื•ื ื“ื˜ื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ืช 22 ืžืืœื’'ื™ืจื™ื”,
16:22
named Amel Zenoune-Zouani
398
982513
1946
ื‘ืฉื ืืžืœ ื–ื ื•ืŸ-ื–ื•ืื ื™,
16:24
who had the same dreams of a legal career
399
984459
1879
ืฉื—ืœืžื” ืขืœ ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช, ื›ืžื• ื—ืœื•ืžื™, ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-90.
16:26
that I did back in the '90s.
400
986338
2702
16:29
She refused to give up her studies,
401
989040
1929
ื”ื™ื ืกื™ืจื‘ื” ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื”,
16:30
despite the fact that the fundamentalists
402
990969
1969
ื—ืจืฃ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ืงื ืื™ื ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื
16:32
battling the Algerian state back then
403
992938
2530
ืฉื ืœื—ืžื• ืื– ื ื’ื“ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืืœื’'ื™ืจื™ืช
16:35
threatened all who continued their education.
404
995468
3622
ืื™ื™ืžื• ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื”ื.
16:39
On January 26, 1997, Amel boarded the bus
405
999090
4110
ื‘-26 ืœื™ื ื•ืืจ 1997 ืืžืœ ืขืœืชื” ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืก
16:43
in Algiers where she was studying
406
1003200
1922
ื‘ืืœื’'ื™ืจ, ืฉื ืœืžื“ื”,
16:45
to go home and spend a Ramadan evening
407
1005122
2183
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืกื•ืข ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ื•ืœื‘ืœื•ืช ืขืจื‘ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืจืžืื“ืŸ
16:47
with her family,
408
1007305
1689
ื‘ื—ื™ืง ืžืฉืคื—ืชื”,
16:48
and would never finish law school.
409
1008994
2386
ื•ื”ื™ื ืœื ื–ื›ืชื” ืœืกื™ื™ื ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื.
16:51
When the bus reached the outskirts
410
1011380
1460
ื›ืฉื”ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืก ื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ืคืจื‘ืจื™ ืขื™ืจ ืžื•ืœื“ืชื”,
16:52
of her hometown, it was stopped
411
1012840
1775
16:54
at a checkpoint manned by men
412
1014615
2142
ื”ื•ื ื ืขืฆืจ ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืื•ื™ืฉื” ืข"ื™ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื
16:56
from the Armed Islamic Group.
413
1016757
2294
ืžื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื”ืื™ืกืœืžื™ืช ื”ื—ืžื•ืฉื”.
16:59
Carrying her schoolbag,
414
1019051
1729
ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื•ืฉืืช ืืช ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ื”, ืืžืœ ื”ื•ืจื“ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืก
17:00
Amel was taken off the bus
415
1020780
1986
17:02
and killed in the street.
416
1022766
2589
ื•ื ืจืฆื—ื” ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘.
17:05
The men who cut her throat
417
1025355
1136
ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืฉื™ืกืคื• ืืช ื’ืจื•ื ื” ืืžืจื• ืœื›ื•ืœื:
17:06
then told everyone else,
418
1026491
1850
17:08
"If you go to university,
419
1028341
1894
"ืื ืชืœื›ื• ืœืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”,
17:10
the day will come when we will kill all of you
420
1030235
2554
"ื™ื•ื ื™ื‘ื•ื ื•ื ื”ืจื•ื’ ืืช ื›ื•ืœื›ื
17:12
just like this."
421
1032789
3231
"ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ื›ื”."
17:16
Amel died at exactly 5:17 p.m.,
422
1036020
2700
ืืžืœ ืžืชื” ื‘-5:17 ืื—ื”"ืฆ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง,
17:18
which we know because when she fell in the street,
423
1038720
2848
ื•ืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื–ืืช ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื ืคืœื” ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘,
17:21
her watch broke.
424
1041568
1777
ืฉืขื•ื ื” ื”ืชื ืคืฅ.
17:23
Her mother showed me the watch
425
1043345
1229
ืื™ืžื” ื”ืจืืชื” ืœื™ ืืช ื”ืฉืขื•ืŸ
17:24
with the second hand still aimed
426
1044574
2001
ื›ืฉืžื—ื•ื’ ื”ืฉื ื™ื•ืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืžืขืœื” ื‘ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช,
17:26
optimistically upward
427
1046575
1496
17:28
towards a 5:18 that would never come.
428
1048071
3436
ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืฉืขื” 5:18 ืฉืœื ื”ื’ื™ืขื”.
17:31
Shortly before her death,
429
1051507
1149
ืžืขื˜ ืœืคื ื™ ืžื•ืชื”,
17:32
Amel had said to her mother of herself
430
1052656
1855
ืืžืœ ืืžืจื” ืœืื™ืžื” ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื” ื•ืขืœ ืื—ื™ื•ืชื™ื”:
17:34
and her sisters,
431
1054511
1887
17:36
"Nothing will happen to us, Inshallah, God willing,
432
1056398
3617
"ื›ืœื•ื ืœื ื™ืงืจื” ืœื ื•, ืื™ื ืฉืืœืœื”, ื‘ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืืœ,
17:40
but if something happens,
433
1060015
1870
"ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ืงืจื” ืžืฉื”ื•,
17:41
you must know that we are dead for knowledge.
434
1061885
2883
"ื“ืขื™ ืœืš ืฉืื ื• ืžืชื ื• ืขืœ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื™ื“ืข.
17:44
You and father must keep your heads held high."
435
1064768
4210
"ืืช ื•ืื‘ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ืจืืฉ ืžื•ืจื."
17:48
The loss of such a young woman is unfathomable,
436
1068978
3982
ืื•ื‘ื“ื ื” ืฉืœ ืืฉื” ืฆืขื™ืจื” ื›ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ืœืชื™-ื ืชืคืฉ,
17:52
and so as I did my research
437
1072960
1555
ืื– ื›ืฉืขืจื›ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœื™
17:54
I found myself searching for Amel's hope again
438
1074515
3254
ืžืฆืืชื™ ืขืฆืžื™ ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื—ืคืฉืช ืืช ืชืงื•ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืืžืœ,
17:57
and her name even means "hope" in Arabic.
439
1077769
2937
ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืฉืžื” ื‘ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ื•ื "ืชืงื•ื•ื”".
18:00
I think I found it in two places.
440
1080706
3251
ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืžืฆืืชื™ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช.
18:03
The first is in the strength of her family
441
1083957
2295
ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื–ืงื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื”
18:06
and all the other families to continue telling their stories
442
1086252
3266
ื•ื›ืœ ืฉืืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืžืžืฉื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืกืคืจ ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื”ืŸ
18:09
and to go on with their lives despite the terrorism.
443
1089518
3065
ื•ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ืŸ ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ืจื•ืจ.
18:12
In fact, Amel's sister Lamia overcame her grief,
444
1092583
3282
ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื—ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืืžืœ, ืœืืžื™ื”, ื”ืชื’ื‘ืจื” ืขืœ ื™ื’ื•ื ื”,
18:15
went to law school,
445
1095865
1371
ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื,
18:17
and practices as a lawyer in Algiers today,
446
1097236
2754
ื•ื”ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื›ื™ื•ื ื‘ืืœื’ื™'ืจื™ื” ื›ืขื•ืจื›ืช-ื“ื™ืŸ,
18:19
something which is only possible
447
1099990
1601
ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืชืืคืฉืจ ืืš ื•ืจืง ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื›ืš
18:21
because the armed fundamentalists
448
1101591
1189
ืฉืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื ืื™ื ื”ื—ืžื•ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ื‘ืกื• ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
18:22
were largely defeated in the country.
449
1102780
2878
18:25
And the second place I found Amel's hope
450
1105658
2847
ื•ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉื‘ื• ืžืฆืืชื™ ืืช ืชืงื•ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืืžืœ
18:28
was everywhere that women and men
451
1108505
2472
ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื
18:30
continue to defy the jihadis.
452
1110977
2695
ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฆืืช ื ื’ื“ ื”ื’'ื™ื”ืื“ื™ืกื˜ื™ื
18:33
We must support all of those in honor of Amel
453
1113672
3258
ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืœื–ื›ืจื” ืฉืœ ืืžืœ,
18:36
who continue this human rights struggle today,
454
1116930
2633
ืืฉืจ ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื ื‘ืžืื‘ืง ืœืžืขืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื,
18:39
like the Network of Women Living Under Muslim Laws.
455
1119563
3997
ื›ืžื• "ืจืฉืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื•ืช ืชื—ืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืื™ืกืœื".
18:43
It is not enough, as the victims rights advocate
456
1123560
2627
ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ื“ื™,
ื›ืคื™ ืฉืคืขื™ืœืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ืฉืจื™ืคื” ื—ื“ืืจ ืืžืจื” ืœื™ ื‘ืืœื’'ื™ืจ,
18:46
Cherifa Kheddar told me in Algiers,
457
1126187
1887
18:48
it is not enough just to battle terrorism.
458
1128074
3065
ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืจืง ืœื”ื™ืื‘ืง ื‘ื˜ืจื•ืจ.
18:51
We must also challenge fundamentalism,
459
1131139
2544
ืขืœื™ื ื• ื’ื ืœืฆืืช ื ื’ื“ ื”ืงื ืื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ืช,
18:53
because fundamentalism is the ideology
460
1133683
2437
ื›ื™ ื”ืงื ืื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”
18:56
that makes the bed of this terrorism.
461
1136120
2591
ืฉืžืกืคืงืช ืงืจืงืข ืคื•ืจื™ื” ืœื˜ืจื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
18:58
Why is it that people like her, like all of them
462
1138711
3439
ืžื“ื•ืข ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืžื•ื”, ื›ืžื• ื›ืœ ืืœื”,
19:02
are not more well known?
463
1142150
1694
ืื™ื ื ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ?
19:03
Why is it that everyone knows who Osama bin Laden was
464
1143844
3277
ืžื“ื•ืข ื–ื” ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื™ ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืกืžื” ื‘ืŸ-ืœืื“ืŸ,
19:07
and so few know of all of those
465
1147121
1933
ื•ื›ื” ืžืขื˜ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืืœื”,
19:09
standing up to the bin Ladens in their own contexts.
466
1149054
3693
ืฉื”ืชื™ื™ืฆื‘ื• ื ื’ื“ ื”ื‘ืŸ-ืœืื“ื ื™ื ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื?
19:12
We must change that, and so I ask you
467
1152747
2657
ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื–ืืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื™ ืžื‘ืงืฉืช ืžื›ื,
19:15
to please help share these stories
468
1155404
1768
ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”, ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœื”ืคื™ืฅ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื.
19:17
through your networks.
469
1157172
1773
19:18
Look again at Amel Zenoune's watch,
470
1158945
2099
ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื• ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉืขื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืืžืœ ื–ื ื•ืŸ,
19:21
forever frozen,
471
1161044
1660
ืฉืขืฆืจ ืœื ืฆื—,
19:22
and now please look at your own watch
472
1162704
2362
ื•ื›ืขืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื• ื‘ืฉืขื•ื ื™ื›ื
19:25
and decide this is the moment that you commit
473
1165066
3024
ื•ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืฉื‘ืจื’ืข ื–ื” ืืชื ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื
19:28
to supporting people like Amel.
474
1168090
1908
ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ืืžืœ.
19:29
We don't have the right to be silent about them
475
1169998
2381
ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืฉืชื•ืง ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืืœื™ื”ื
19:32
because it is easier
476
1172379
1498
ืจืง ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืงืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ
19:33
or because Western policy is flawed as well,
477
1173877
2861
ืื• ื›ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืœืงื•ื™ื” ื’ื ื”ื™ื,
19:36
because 5:17 is still coming
478
1176738
2336
ื›ื™ ื”ืฉืขื” 5:17 ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื’ื™ืขื”
19:39
to too many Amel Zenounes
479
1179074
1867
ืœื—ื™ื™ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืืžืœ
19:40
in places like northern Nigeria,
480
1180941
1970
ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืฆืคื•ืŸ-ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื”,
19:42
where jihadis still kill students.
481
1182911
2576
ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื’'ื™ื”ื“ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื.
19:45
The time to speak up in support of all of those
482
1185487
3081
ื”ืฉืขื” ืœื”ืจื™ื ืงื•ืœ ื‘ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืืœื”
19:48
who peacefully challenge fundamentalism
483
1188568
2308
ืฉืงื•ืจืื™ื ืชื™ื’ืจ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™-ืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืงื ืื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ืช
19:50
and terrorism in their own communities
484
1190876
2964
ื•ืขืœ ื”ื˜ืจื•ืจ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืชื™ื”ื
19:53
is now.
485
1193840
1536
ื”ื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
19:55
Thank you.
486
1195376
2283
ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
19:57
(Applause)
487
1197659
2506
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7