What I learned from going blind in space | Chris Hadfield | TED

10,037,265 views ใƒป 2014-03-19

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Tal Dekkers ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:12
What's the scariest thing you've ever done?
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ืžื”ื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืคื—ื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื ืื™ ืคืขื?
00:17
Or another way to say it is,
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ืื• ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืืช ื–ื”,
00:20
what's the most dangerous thing that you've ever done?
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ืžื”ื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ื™ ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืื™ ืคืขื ืขืฉื™ืชื?
00:24
And why did you do it?
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ื•ืœืžื” ืขืฉื™ืชื ืื•ืชื•?
00:28
I know what the most dangerous thing is
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื”ื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ื™ ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ
00:29
that I've ever done
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ืฉืื ื™ ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืžืขื•ืœื
00:31
because NASA does the math.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื ืืกื ืขืฉืชื” ืืช ื”ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘.
00:33
You look back to the first five shuttle launches,
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ืืชื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืื—ื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื—ืžืฉืช ื”ืฉื™ื’ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื,
00:35
the odds of a catastrophic event
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ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืืกื•ืŸ ืงื˜ืกื˜ืจื•ืคืœื™
00:38
during the first five shuttle launches
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื—ืžืฉืช ื”ืฉื™ื’ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื
00:39
was one in nine.
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ื”ื™ื• ืื—ื“ ืœืชืฉืขื”.
00:42
And even when I first flew in the shuttle
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืฉืื ื™ ื˜ืกืชื™ ื‘ืžืขื‘ื•ืจืช ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”
00:44
back in 1995, 74 shuttle flight,
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ื‘ืฉื ืช 1995, 74 ื˜ื™ืกื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ืจืช,
00:47
the odds were still now that we look back
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ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืื—ื•ืจื”,
00:49
about one in 38 or so -- one in 35, one in 40.
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ื‘ืขืจืš ืื—ื“ ืœ-38 ืื• 35, ืื—ื“ ืœ-40.
00:55
Not great odds, so it's a really interesting day
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ืœื ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ืื– ื–ื”ื• ื™ื•ื ืžืžืฉ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ
00:57
when you wake up at the Kennedy Space Center
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ื›ืฉืืชื ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื—ืœืœ ืงื ื“ื™
00:59
and you're going to go to space that day
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ื•ืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื˜ื•ืก ืœื—ืœืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื
01:02
because you realize by the end of the day
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืืชื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”
01:04
you're either going to be floating effortlessly, gloriously in space,
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ืื• ืฉืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืจื—ืฃ ืœืœื ืžืืžืฅ ื‘ื—ืœืœ,
01:07
or you'll be dead.
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ืื• ืฉืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืžื•ืช.
01:10
You go into, at the Kennedy Space Center,
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ืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืชื•ืš, ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื—ืœืœ ืงื ื“ื™,
01:14
the suit-up room,
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ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื”ืœื‘ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื•ืช,
01:16
the same room that our childhood heroes
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ืื•ืชื• ื”ื—ื“ืจ ืฉื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื”ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•
01:20
got dressed in,
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ื”ืชืœื‘ืฉื• ื‘ื•,
01:21
that Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin got suited in
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ื”ื—ื“ืจ ืฉื‘ื• ื ื™ืœ ืืจืžืกื˜ืจื•ื ื’ ื•ื‘ืื– ืืœื“ืจื™ืŸ ื”ืชืœื‘ืฉื• ื‘ื•
01:24
to go ride the Apollo rocket to the moon.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื˜ื•ืก ื‘ืืคื•ืœื• ืœื™ืจื—.
01:26
And I got my pressure suit built around me
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ื•ืื ื™ ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืช ื—ืœื™ืคืช ื”ืœื—ืฅ ืฉื ื‘ื ืชื” ืขืœื™ื™
01:30
and rode down outside in the van
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ื•ื ืกืขืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ื‘ื•ื•ืืŸ
01:34
heading out to the launchpad --
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ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื›ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ื’ื•ืจ --
01:35
in the Astro van -- heading out to the launchpad,
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ื‘ืืกื˜ืจื• ื•ื•ืืŸ -- ื ื•ืกืข ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื›ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ื’ื•ืจ
01:38
and as you come around the corner
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ื•ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืืชื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืคื™ื ื”
01:40
at the Kennedy Space Center,
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ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื—ืœืœ ืงื ื“ื™,
01:42
it's normally predawn, and in the distance,
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ื–ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืœืคื ื™ ืขืœื•ืช ืฉื—ืจ, ื•ื‘ืžืจื—ืง,
01:46
lit up by the huge xenon lights,
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ืžื•ืืจืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืคื ืกื™ ื”ืงืกื ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื ืงื™ื™ื,
01:49
is your spaceship --
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ื ืžืฆืืช ื”ืžืขื‘ื•ืจืช ืฉืœื›ื --
01:52
the vehicle that is going to take you off the planet.
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ื›ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ืฉื”ื•ืœืš ืœืงื—ืช ืืชื›ื ืžื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
01:56
The crew is sitting in the Astro van
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ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ืืกื˜ืจื• ื•ื•ืืŸ
01:58
sort of hushed, almost holding hands,
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ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื—ืจื™ืฉื™, ื›ืžืขื˜ ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ื™ื“ื™ื™ื,
02:01
looking at that as it gets bigger and bigger.
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ืžืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœื™ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ื’ื“ืœื” ื•ื’ื“ืœื”.
02:03
We ride the elevator up
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ื‘ืžืขืœื™ืช ืœืžืขืœื”
02:06
and we crawl in, on your hands and knees
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ื, ืขืœ ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ืจื›ื™ื™ื
02:08
into the spaceship, one at a time,
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ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืžืขื‘ื•ืจืช, ืื—ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื,
02:10
and you worm your way up
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ื•ืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืžืขืœื”
02:11
into your chair and plunk yourself down
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ืœื›ื™ืกื ืฉืœื›ื ื•ืžื•ืฉื›ื™ื ืขืฆืžื›ื ืœืžื˜ื”
02:14
on your back.
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ืขืœ ื”ื’ื‘ ืฉืœื›ื.
02:16
And the hatch is closed,
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ื•ื”ืคืชื— ื ืกื’ืจ,
02:20
and suddenly,
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ื•ืคืชืื•ื,
02:22
what has been a lifetime of both dreams and denial
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ื•ื’ื ื”ื›ื—ืฉื”
02:27
is becoming real,
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ื”ื•ืคืš ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช,
02:28
something that I dreamed about,
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ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื—ืœืžืชื™ ืขืœื™ื•,
02:29
in fact, that I chose to do when I was nine years old,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื‘ื—ืจืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืŸ 9,
02:32
is now suddenly within not too many minutes
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ื”ื•ืคืš ืคืชืื•ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืœื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ืงื•ืช
02:35
of actually happening.
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ืœืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืžืžืฉ ืงื•ืจื”.
02:37
In the astronaut business --
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ื‘ืขืกืงื™ ื”ืืกื˜ืจื•ื ืื•ื˜ื™ื --
02:40
the shuttle is a very complicated vehicle;
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ื”ืžืขื‘ื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื ืจื›ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืกื•ื‘ืš
02:42
it's the most complicated flying machine ever built.
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ื–ื” ื›ืœื™ ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ื”ื›ื™ ืžืกื•ื‘ืš ืฉืื™ ืคืขื ื ื‘ื ื”.
02:45
And in the astronaut business, we have a saying, which is,
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ื•ื‘ืขืกืงื™ ื”ืืกื˜ืจื•ื ืื•ื˜ื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืื™ืžืจื”, ืฉืื•ืžืจืช,
02:49
there is no problem so bad
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ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื‘ืขื™ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืจืขื”
02:51
that you can't make it worse.
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ืฉืืชื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืชื” ื’ืจื•ืขื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
02:53
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
02:54
And so you're very conscious in the cockpit;
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ืื– ืืชื ืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ื‘ืชื ื”ื˜ื™ื™ืก;
02:57
you're thinking about all of the things
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ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
02:59
that you might have to do,
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ืฉืืชื ืชืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
03:00
all the switches and all the wickets you have to go through.
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ื›ืœ ื”ืžืชื’ื™ื ื•ื›ืœ ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ.
03:02
And as the time gets closer and closer,
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืžืชืงืจื‘,
03:05
this excitement is building.
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ื”ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื ื‘ื ื™ืช.
03:06
And then about three and a half minutes before launch,
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ื•ืื– ื‘ืขืจืš ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื•ื—ืฆื™ ื“ืงื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื™ื’ื•ืจ,
03:08
the huge nozzles on the back,
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ื ื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ื” ื”ืขื ืงื™ื™ื ืžืื—ื•ืจื”,
03:10
like the size of big church bells,
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ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ืคืขืžื•ืŸ ื›ื ืกื™ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ,
03:12
swing back and forth
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ืžืชื ื“ื ื“ื™ื ืงื“ื™ืžื” ื•ืื—ื•ืจื”
03:13
and the mass of them is such
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ื•ื”ืžืกื” ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื™ื ื›ื–ืืช
03:14
that it sways the whole vehicle,
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ืฉื–ื” ืžื ื“ื ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘,
03:16
like the vehicle is alive underneath you,
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ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉื”ืจื›ื‘ ื—ื™ ืชื—ืชื™ื›ื,
03:19
like an elephant getting up off its knees or something.
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ื›ืžื• ืคื™ืœ ืžืชืจื•ืžื ืžื”ื‘ืจื›ื™ื™ื ืื• ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื–ื”.
03:23
And then about 30 seconds before launch,
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ื•ืื– ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื™ื’ื•ืจ,
03:25
the vehicle is completely alive --
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ื”ืจื›ื‘ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื --
03:27
it is ready to go --
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ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืžืจืื” --
03:28
the APUs are running,
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ื” APU ืคื•ืขืœื™ื,
03:29
the computers are all self-contained,
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ื›ืœ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืขืฆืžืื™ืช,
03:31
it's ready to leave the planet.
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ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
03:32
And 15 seconds before launch, this happens:
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ื•-15 ืฉื ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื™ื’ื•ืจ:
03:36
(Video) Voice: 12, 11, 10,
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(ื•ื™ื“ืื•) ืงื•ืœ: 12, 11, 10,
03:40
nine, eight, seven, six --
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9, 8, 7, 6 --
03:44
(Space shuttle preparing for takeoff)
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(ืžืขื‘ื•ืจืช ื—ืœืœ ืžืชื›ื•ื ื ืช ืœื”ืžืจืื”)
03:47
-- start, two, one,
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-- ื”ืชื—ืœ, 2, 1,
03:50
booster ignition, and liftoff of the space shuttle Discovery,
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ื”ืฆืชืช ืžืื™ืฅ, ื•ืฉื™ื’ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืขื‘ื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืœืœ ื“ื™ืกืงื‘ืจื™,
03:54
returning to the space station, paving the way ...
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ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืœืชื—ื ืช ื”ื—ืœืœ, ื•ืกื•ืœืœืช ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ...
03:58
(Space shuttle taking off)
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(ืžืขื‘ื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืœืœ ืžืžืจื™ืื”)
04:10
Chris Hadfield: It is incredibly powerful
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ื›ืจื™ืก ื”ื“ืคื™ืœื“: ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืขื•ืฆืžืชื™
04:13
to be on board one of these things.
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื•.
04:14
You are in the grip of something
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ืืชื ืื•ื—ื–ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื”ื•
04:16
that is vastly more powerful than yourself.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ื–ืง ืžื›ื.
04:19
It's shaking you so hard you can't focus
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ื–ื” ืžืจืขื™ื“ ืืชื›ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื—ื–ืง ืฉืืชื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืจื›ื–
04:21
on the instruments in front of you.
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ื‘ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืฉืžื•ืœื›ื.
04:23
It's like you're in the jaws of some enormous dog
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ื–ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉืืชื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืžืœืชืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœื‘ ืขืฆื•ื
04:26
and there's a foot in the small of your back
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืจื’ืœ ื‘ื’ื‘ ืฉืœื›ื
04:28
pushing you into space,
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ื“ื•ื—ืคืช ืืชื›ื ืœื—ืœืœ,
04:30
accelerating wildly straight up,
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ืžืื™ืฆื” ื‘ืคืจืื•ืช ืœืžืขืœื”,
04:32
shouldering your way through the air,
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ืžืคืœืกืช ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉืœื›ื ื“ืจืš ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ,
04:34
and you're in a very complex place --
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ื•ืืชื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ --
04:36
paying attention, watching the vehicle
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ืฉืžื™ื ืœื‘, ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ื‘
04:38
go through each one of its wickets
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ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช
04:40
with a steadily increasing smile on your face.
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ืขื ื—ื™ื•ืš ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื” ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื›ื.
04:42
After two minutes, those solid rockets explode off
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ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืชื™ ื“ืงื•ืช, ืฉืชื™ ืจืงื˜ื•ืช ื”ื“ืœืง ื”ืžื•ืฆืง ืžืชืคื•ืฆืฆื•ืช
04:45
and then you just have the liquid engines,
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ื•ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืจืง ืืช ืžื ื•ืขื™ ื”ื“ืœืง ื”ื ื•ื–ืœื™,
04:48
the hydrogen and oxygen,
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ื”ืžื™ืžืŸ ื•ื”ื—ืžืฆืŸ,
04:49
and it's as if you're in a dragster
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ื•ื–ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉืืชื ื‘ืจื›ื‘ ืžื”ื™ืจ
04:51
with your foot to the floor
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ืขื ื”ืจื’ืœ ืฉืœื›ื ืขืœ ื”ืจื™ืฆืคื”
04:52
and accelerating like you've never accelerated.
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ื•ืžืื™ืฆื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ืืฆืชื.
04:55
You get lighter and lighter,
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ืืชื ื ืขืฉื™ื ืงืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ,
04:56
the force gets on us heavier and heavier.
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ื”ื›ื•ื— ืžืขืœื™ื ื• ื”ื•ืคืš ื›ื‘ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:59
It feels like
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ื–ื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืื™ืœื•
05:00
someone's pouring cement on you or something.
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื•ืคืš ืขืœื™ื›ื ื‘ื˜ื•ืŸ ืื• ืžืฉื”ื•.
05:02
Until finally,
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ืขื“ ืฉืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ,
05:03
after about eight minutes and 40 seconds or so,
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ืื—ืจื™ ื‘ืขืจืš ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื“ืงื•ืช ื•ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื–ื”,
05:06
we are finally at exactly the right altitude,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืกื•ืฃ ืกื•ืฃ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžืชืื™ื
05:08
exactly the right speed,
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื”,
05:10
the right direction, the engine shut off,
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ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื”ืžื ื•ืข ื›ื‘ื”,
05:13
and we're weightless.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ืกืจื™ ืžืฉืงืœ.
05:16
And we're alive.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.
05:18
It's an amazing experience.
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ื–ืืช ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”.
05:20
But why would we take that risk?
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืžื” ืฉื ื™ืงื— ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”?
05:23
Why would you do something that dangerous?
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ืœืžื” ืฉื ืขืฉื” ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื–ื” ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ?
05:27
In my case the answer is fairly straightforward.
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ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ื“ื™ ื—ื“ ืžืฉืžืขื™ืช.
05:29
I was inspired as a youngster
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ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ื”ืฉืจืื” ื›ื ืขืจ
05:32
that this was what I wanted to do.
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ืฉื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
05:34
I watched the first people walk on the moon
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ืฆืคื™ืชื™ ื‘ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ืœื›ื• ืขืœ ื”ื™ืจื—
05:36
and to me, it was just an obvious thing --
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ื•ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื•ืจ --
05:38
I want to somehow turn myself into that.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ืœื–ื”.
05:41
But the real question is,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื,
05:42
how do you deal with the danger of it
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ืื™ืš ืืชื ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืขื ื”ืกื›ื ื” ืฉื‘ื–ื”
05:45
and the fear that comes from it?
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ื•ื”ืคื—ื“ ืฉืžื’ื™ืข ืžื–ื”?
05:47
How do you deal with fear versus danger?
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ืื™ืš ืืชื ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืขื ืคื—ื“ ื›ื ื’ื“ ืกื›ื ื”?
05:51
And having the goal in mind, thinking about where it might lead,
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ื•ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื˜ืจื” ื‘ืจืืฉ, ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืœืืŸ ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ,
05:54
directed me to a life of
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ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื™ ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ
05:56
looking at all of the small details to allow
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ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืชื™ืจื• ืœื™
05:59
this to become possible,
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ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื™ื”ืคื•ืš ืœืืคืฉืจื™,
06:01
to be able to launch and go help build a space station
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชื’ืจ ื•ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืชื—ื ืช ื—ืœืœ
06:04
where you are on board a million-pound creation
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ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉืืชื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืขืœ ืกื™ืคื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื—ืžืฉ ืžืื•ืช ื˜ื•ืŸ
06:06
that's going around the world at five miles a second,
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ืฉืกื•ื‘ื‘ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžื™ื™ืœื™ื ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื”
06:09
eight kilometers a second,
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ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจ ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื”,
06:10
around the world 16 times a day,
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ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื 16 ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื,
06:13
with experiments on board that are teaching us
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ืขื ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•
06:17
what the substance of the universe is made of
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ืžื”ื• ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžืžื ื• ืขืฉื•ื™ ื”ื™ืงื•ื
06:19
and running 200 experiments inside.
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ื•ืœืขืจื•ืš 200 ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ื.
06:21
But maybe even more importantly,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘,
06:23
allowing us to see the world in a way
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ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื“ืจืš
06:27
that is impossible through any other means,
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ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™ืช ื‘ืฉื•ื ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช
06:30
to be able to look down
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื›ืœ ืœืžื˜ื”
06:31
and have -- if your jaw could drop, it would --
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ื•ืื ื”ืœืกืช ืฉืœื›ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื™ืคื•ืœ, ื”ื™ื ืชื™ืคื•ืœ
06:34
the jaw-dropping gorgeousness of the turning orb
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ื”ืœืกืช ื ื•ืคืœืช ืœืžืจืื” ื”ืžืฉื’ืข ืฉื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘
06:38
like a self-propelled art gallery of fantastic,
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ื›ืžื• ื’ืœืจื™ื™ืช ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ื ื”ื“ืจืช ื”ืžื•ื ืขืช ืขืฆืžืื™ืช
06:43
constantly changing beauty that is the world itself.
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ื™ื•ืคื™ ืžืฉืชื ื” ื‘ืขื™ืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืขื•ืœื ืขืฆืžื•.
06:47
And you see, because of the speed,
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ื•ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช,
06:48
a sunrise or a sunset every 45 minutes
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ื–ืจื™ื—ื” ืื• ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื‘ื›ืœ 45 ื“ืงื•ืช
06:52
for half a year.
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ื”.
06:55
And the most magnificent part of all that
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ื•ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื›ื™ ืžื“ื”ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”
06:58
is to go outside on a spacewalk.
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ื–ื” ืœืฆืืช ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืœื™ื›ืช ื—ืœืœ.
07:01
You are in a one-person spaceship
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ืืชื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื—ืœืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉ ืื—ื“
07:06
that is your spacesuit,
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื—ืœื™ืคืช ื”ื—ืœืœ ืฉืœื›ื,
07:08
and you're going through space with the world.
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืœื—ืœืœ ืขื ื”ืขื•ืœื.
07:11
It's an entirely different perspective,
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืคืจืกืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืฉื•ื ื” ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ,
07:13
you're not looking up at the universe,
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ืืชื ืœื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืœืžืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ืงื•ื,
07:14
you and the Earth are going through the universe together.
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ืืชื ื•ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ืงื•ื ื™ื—ื“.
07:18
And you're holding on with one hand,
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ื•ืืชื ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื™ื ืขื ื™ื“ ืื—ืช,
07:20
looking at the world turn beside you.
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ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ืœื™ื“ื›ื.
07:22
It's roaring silently
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืื’ ื‘ืฉืงื˜
07:26
with color and texture as it pours by
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ืขื ืฆื‘ืข ื•ืžืจืงื ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื™ืฆืง
07:28
mesmerizingly next to you.
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ื‘ื”ืคื ื•ื˜ ืœื™ื“ื›ื
07:30
And if you can tear your eyes away from that
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ื•ืื ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืกื™ืจ ืืช ืขื™ื ื™ื›ื ืžื–ื”
07:33
and you look under your arm
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ื•ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืชื—ืช ื”ื–ืจื•ืข ืฉืœื›ื
07:35
down at the rest of everything,
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ืœืžื˜ื” ืขืœ ืฉืืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื,
07:37
it's unfathomable blackness,
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ื–ืืช ื—ืฉื›ื” ืชื”ื•ืžื™ืช,
07:42
with a texture you feel like you could stick your hand into.
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ืขื ืžืจืงื ืฉืืชื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ื—ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื™ื“ ืœืชื•ื›ื•.
07:45
and you are holding on with one hand,
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ื•ืืชื ืื•ื—ื–ื™ื ืขื ื™ื“ ืื—ืช,
07:48
one link to the other seven billion people.
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ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืื—ื“ ืขื ืฉื‘ืขื” ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืื ืฉื™ื.
07:50
And I was outside on my first spacewalk
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ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ืช ื”ื—ืœืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื™
07:52
when my left eye went blind,
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ื›ืฉื”ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ื”ืชืขื•ื•ืจื”,
07:56
and I didn't know why.
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ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืœืžื”.
07:58
Suddenly my left eye slammed shut
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ืคืชืื•ื ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ื ืกื’ืจื”
07:59
in great pain
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ื‘ื›ืื‘ ืขืฆื•ื
08:00
and I couldn't figure out why my eye wasn't working.
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ื•ืœื ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืžื” ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ืช ืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช
08:05
I was thinking, what do I do next?
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™, ืžื” ืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื•?
08:06
I thought, well maybe that's why we have two eyes,
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™, ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ืื•ืœื™ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืฉืชื™ ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื,
08:08
so I kept working.
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ืื– ื”ืžืฉื›ืชื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“.
08:09
But unfortunately, without gravity,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืจื•ืข ืžื–ืœื™, ืœืœื ื›ื‘ื™ื“ื”,
08:13
tears don't fall.
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ื“ืžืขื•ืช ืœื ื™ื•ืจื“ื•ืช.
08:15
So you just get a bigger and bigger ball of whatever that is
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ืื– ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื’ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื”
08:18
mixed with your tears on your eye
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ืžืขื•ืจื‘ ืขื ื”ื“ืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ืขื™ืŸ
08:20
until eventually, the ball becomes so big
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ืขื“ ืฉืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœ
08:22
that the surface tension takes it across the bridge of your nose
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ืฉืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื— ืฉืœื• ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืžืขืœ ื’ืฉืจ ื”ืืฃ ืฉืœื›ื
08:25
like a tiny little waterfall
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ื›ืžื• ืžืคืœ ืงื˜ื ื˜ืŸ
08:26
and goes "goosh" into your other eye,
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ื•ื ื›ื ืก ื™ืฉืจ ืœืขื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื›ื,
08:29
and now I was completely blind
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืขื™ื•ื•ืจ
08:32
outside the spaceship.
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ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื—ืœืœื™ืช.
08:35
So what's the scariest thing you've ever done?
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ืื– ืžื”ื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืื™ ืคืขื ืขืฉื™ืชื?
08:38
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:41
Maybe it's spiders.
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ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื.
08:43
A lot of people are afraid of spiders.
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืคื—ื“ื™ื ืžืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื.
08:44
I think you should be afraid of spiders --
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืคื—ื“ ืžืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื --
08:46
spiders are creepy and they've got long, hairy legs,
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ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื”ื ืžืคื—ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ืฉืขื™ืจื•ืช,
08:49
and spiders like this one, the brown recluse --
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ื•ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื›ืžื• ื–ื”, ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืžืชื‘ื•ื“ื“ ื—ื•ื --
08:52
it's horrible. If a brown recluse bites you,
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ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืจืื™. ืื ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืžืชื‘ื•ื“ื“ ื—ื•ื ืขื•ืงืฅ ืืชื›ื,
08:54
you end with one of these horrible, big necrotic things
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ืืชื ื’ื•ืžืจื™ื ืขื ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืžืงื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื ื•ืจืื™ื™ื
08:56
on your leg
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ืขืœ ื”ืจื’ืœ ืฉืœื›ื
08:57
and there might be one right now
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ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉ ืื—ื“ ืžืžืฉ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•
08:58
sitting on the chair behind you, in fact.
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ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื™ืกื ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ื›ื, ืœืžืขืฉื”.
09:02
And how do you know?
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ื•ืื™ืš ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื?
09:03
And so a spider lands on you,
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ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื ื•ื—ืช ืขืœื™ื›ื,
09:04
and you go through this great, spasmy attack
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ื•ืืชื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืชืงืคื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”
09:06
because spiders are scary.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ืžืคื—ื™ื“ื™ื.
09:08
But then you could say, well is there a brown recluse
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ืื‘ืœ ืื– ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื“, ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืžืชื‘ื•ื“ื“ ื—ื•ื
09:10
sitting on the chair beside me or not?
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ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื›ื™ืกื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืื• ืœื?
09:12
I don't know. Are there brown recluses here?
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข. ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ ืžืชื‘ื•ื“ื“ ื—ื•ื?
09:14
So if you actually do the research, you find out that
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ืื– ืื ืืชื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจ, ืืชื ืžื’ืœื™ื
09:16
in the world there are about 50,000 different types of spiders,
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ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขืจืš 50,000 ืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื,
09:19
and there are about two dozen that are venomous
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขืจืš ืืœืคื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืืจืกื™ื™ื
09:22
out of 50,000.
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ืžืชื•ืš 50,000.
09:23
And if you're in Canada, because of the cold winters
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ื•ืื ืืชื ื‘ืงื ื“ื”, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื—ื•ืจืคื™ื ื”ืงืจื™ื
09:26
here in B.C., there's about 720, 730 different types of spiders
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ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืฉ ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ื”, ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขืจืš 720, 730 ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื
09:30
and there's one -- one --
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืื—ื“ -- ืื—ื“ --
09:32
that is venomous,
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ืฉื”ื•ื ืืจืกื™,
09:33
and its venom isn't even fatal,
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ื•ื”ืืจืก ืฉืœื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืงื˜ืœื ื™,
09:35
it's just kind of like a nasty sting.
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ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืžื• ืขืงื™ืฆื” ื ื•ืจืื™ืช.
09:37
And that spider -- not only that,
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ื•ื”ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื”ื–ื” -- ืœื ืจืง ื–ื”,
09:39
but that spider has beautiful markings on it,
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ืœืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืกื™ืžื ื™ื ื™ืคื™ื,
09:42
it's like "I'm dangerous. I got a big radiation symbol on my back, it's the black widow."
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ื–ื” ื›ืžื• "ืื ื™ ืžืกื•ื›ื ืช. ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืกืžืœ ืฉืœ ืงืจื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ื’ื‘, ื–ืืช ืืœืžื ื” ืฉื—ื•ืจื”."
09:46
So, if you're even slightly careful
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ืื–, ืืคื™ืœื• ื’ื ืื ืงืฆืช ืชื–ื”ืจื•
09:48
you can avoid running into the one spider --
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ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืžื ืข ืžืœืจื•ืฅ ืœืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื”ืื—ื“ ื”ื–ื”
09:51
and it lives close the ground,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืื“ืžื”,
09:53
you're walking along, you are never going to go through
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ืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื™ื“, ืืชื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืชืœื›ื• ื“ืจืš
09:55
a spider web where a black widow bites you.
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ืงื•ืจื™ ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉืืœืžื ื” ืฉื—ื•ืจื” ืชืขืงื•ืฅ ืืชื›ื.
09:57
Spider webs like this, it doesn't build those,
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ืงื•ืจื™ ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื• ืืœื•, ื”ื™ื ืœื ื‘ื•ื ื” ืื•ืชื,
09:59
it builds them down in the corners.
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ื”ื™ื ื‘ื•ื ื” ืื•ืชื ืœืžื˜ื” ื‘ืคื™ื ื•ืช.
10:01
And its a black widow because
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืืœืžื ื” ืฉื—ื•ืจื” ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ
10:02
the female spider eats the male;
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ืฉื”ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉื” ืื•ื›ืœืช ืืช ื”ื–ื›ืจ
10:04
it doesn't care about you.
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ืœื ืื›ืคืช ืœื” ืžื›ื.
10:05
So in fact,
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ืื– ืœืžืขืฉื”,
10:07
the next time you walk into a spiderweb,
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ื‘ืคืขื ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืชืœื›ื• ืœืชื•ืš ืงื•ืจื™ ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉ,
10:09
you don't need to panic and go with your caveman reaction.
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ืืชื ืœื ืชืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœืคื ื™ืงื” ื•ืœืœื›ืช ืขื ืื™ื ืกื˜ื™ืงื˜ ืื™ืฉ ื”ืžืขืจื•ืช.
10:13
The danger is entirely different than the fear.
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ื”ืกื›ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื” ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžื”ืคื—ื“.
10:18
How do you get around it, though?
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ืื ื›ืš, ืื™ืš ืืชื ืขื•ืงืคื™ื ืื•ืชื”?
10:20
How do you change your behavior?
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ืื™ืš ืืชื ืžืฉื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื›ื?
10:21
Well, next time you see a spiderweb,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืคืขื ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืชืจืื• ืงื•ืจื™ ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉ,
10:23
have a good look, make sure it's not a black widow spider,
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ืชืกืชื›ืœื• ื”ื™ื˜ื‘, ืชื•ื•ื“ืื• ืฉื–ืืช ืื™ื ื” ืืœืžื ื” ืฉื—ื•ืจื”,
10:25
and then walk into it.
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ื•ืื– ืชืœื›ื• ืœืชื•ื›ื.
10:27
And then you see another spiderweb
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ื•ืื– ืชืจืื• ืขื•ื“ ืงื•ืจื™ ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉ
10:28
and walk into that one.
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ื•ืชืœื›ื• ื’ื ืœืชื•ื›ื.
10:30
It's just a little bit of fluffy stuff. It's not a big deal.
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ื–ื” ืจืง ืงืฆืช ื—ื•ืžืจ ืจืš, ืœื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
10:32
And the spider that may come out is no more threat to you than a lady bug
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ื•ื”ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืฆืืช ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื ืžืคืจืช ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื•
10:35
or a butterfly.
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ืื• ืžืคืจืคืจ.
10:38
And then I guarantee you if you walk through 100 spiderwebs
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ื•ืื– ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื›ื ืฉืื ืชืœื›ื• ื“ืจืš 100 ืงื•ืจื™ ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉ
10:41
you will have changed
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ืืชื ืฉื™ื ื™ืชื
10:43
your fundamental human behavior,
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ืืช ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื,
10:45
your caveman reaction,
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ืืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ืช ืื™ืฉ ื”ืžืขืจื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื,
10:47
and you will now be able to walk in the park in the morning
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ื•ืืชื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืชื”ื™ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ืคืืจืง ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ
10:50
and not worry about that spiderweb --
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ื•ืœื ืœื“ืื•ื’ ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœืงื•ืจื™ ื”ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื”ืืœื• --
10:51
or into your grandma's attic or whatever,
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ืื• ืœืชื•ืš ืขืœื™ื™ืช ื”ื’ื’ ืฉืœ ืกื‘ืชื ืฉืœื›ื ืื• ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื–ื”,
10:54
into your own basement.
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ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืžืจืชืฃ ืฉืœื›ื.
10:59
And you can apply this to anything.
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื–ื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ.
11:02
If you're outside on a spacewalk and you're blinded,
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ืื ืืชื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ืช ื—ืœืœ ื•ืืชื ืžืชืขื•ื•ืจื™ื,
11:05
your natural reaction would be to panic, I think.
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ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœืคืื ื™ืงื”, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘.
11:08
It would make you nervous and worried.
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ื–ื” ื™ื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ื ืœืขืฆื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ื“ืื’ื”.
11:10
But we had considered all the venom,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉืงืœื ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืก,
11:12
and we had practiced with a whole variety of different spiderwebs.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืชืืžื ื• ืขื ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืงื•ืจื™ ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉ.
11:15
We knew everything there is to know
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืขืช
11:17
about the spacesuit
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ืขืœ ื—ืœื™ืคืช ื”ื—ืœืœ
11:18
and we trained underwater thousands of times.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืชืืžื ื• ืžืชื—ืช ืœืžื™ื ืืœืคื™ ืคืขืžื™ื.
11:21
And we don't just practice things going right,
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืจืง ื”ืชืืžื ื• ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš,
11:23
we practice things going wrong all the time,
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ื”ืชืืžื ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื’ื ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžืฉืชื‘ืฉื™ื,
11:26
so that you are constantly walking through those spiderwebs.
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ื›ืš ืฉืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื“ืจืš ืงื•ืจื™ ื”ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื”ืืœื•.
11:29
And not just underwater, but also in virtual reality labs
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ื•ืœื ืจืง ืžืชื—ืช ืœืžื™ื, ื’ื ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืžื”
11:32
with the helmet and the gloves
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ืขื ื”ืงืกื“ื” ื•ื”ื›ืคืคื•ืช
11:33
so you feel like it's realistic.
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ื›ืš ืฉืืชื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื–ืืช ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช.
11:35
So when you finally actually get outside on a spacewalk,
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ืื– ื›ืฉืืชื ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื‘ืืžืช ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืœื™ื›ืช ื—ืœืœ,
11:38
it feels much different than it would
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ื–ื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืžืžืฉ ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืืฉืจ
11:40
if you just went out first time.
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ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”.
11:42
And even if you're blinded,
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืืชื ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื™ื.
11:44
your natural, panicky reaction doesn't happen.
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ืชื’ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืคื ื™ืงื” ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืœื ืžืชืจื—ืฉืช.
11:47
Instead you kind of look around and go,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืืชื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื,
11:49
"Okay, I can't see,
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"ืื•ืงื™ื™, ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช,
11:50
but I can hear, I can talk,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืžื•ืข, ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ,
11:53
Scott Parazynski is out here with me.
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ืกืงื•ื˜ ืคืจื–ื™ื ืฆืงื™ ื ืžืฆื ืคื” ืื™ืชื™.
11:54
He could come over and help me."
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ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื•ื ื•ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื™."
11:56
We actually practiced incapacitated crew rescue,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืชืืžื ื• ื‘ื”ืฆืœืช ืฆื•ื•ืช ื ื›ื”,
12:00
so he could float me like a blimp
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ืื– ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฆื™ืฃ ืื•ืชื™ ื›ืžื• ืฆืคืœื™ืŸ
12:02
and stuff me into the airlock if he had to.
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ื•ืœื“ื—ื•ืก ืื•ืชื™ ืœืžื ืขื•ืœ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ืื ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš.
12:04
I could find my own way back.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉืœื™ ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”.
12:06
It's not nearly as big a deal.
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ื–ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื›ื–ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
12:07
And actually, if you keep on crying for a while,
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ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื ืืชื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื›ื•ืช ืœื–ืžืŸ ืžื”,
12:09
whatever that gunk was that's in your eye starts to dilute
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ื›ืœ ื”ืขื™ืกื” ื”ื–ืืช ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื”ืชื“ืœืœ
12:12
and you can start to see again,
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ื•ืืชื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื•ื‘,
12:13
and Houston, if you negotiate with them,
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ื•ื™ื•ืกื˜ื•ืŸ, ืื ืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืื™ืชื ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ,
12:15
they will let you then keep working.
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ื”ื ื™ื™ืชื ื• ืœื›ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืขื‘ื•ื“.
12:18
We finished everything on the spacewalk
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืกื™ื™ืžื ื• ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ืช ื”ื—ืœืœ
12:20
and when we came back inside,
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ื•ื›ืฉื—ื–ืจื ื• ืคื ื™ืžื”,
12:22
Jeff got some cotton batting and took the crusty stuff around my eyes,
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ื’'ืฃ ืœืงื— ืฆืžืจ ื’ืคืŸ ื•ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ืคืจื™ืš ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืขื™ื ื™ื™,
12:26
and it turned out it was just the anti-fog,
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ื•ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืจืง ืื ื˜ื™ ืขืจืคืœ,
12:28
sort of a mixture of oil and soap, that got in my eye.
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ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ืฉืžืŸ ื•ืกื‘ื•ืŸ, ืฉื ื›ื ืกื” ืœื™ ืœืขื™ืŸ.
12:32
And now we use Johnson's No More Tears,
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘"ืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื“ืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’'ื•ืกื•ืŸ",
12:35
which we probably should've been using
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ืฉื‘ื• ื›ื ืจืื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืื– ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ
12:36
right from the very beginning. (Laughter)
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ืžืžืฉ ืžื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”. (ืฆื—ื•ืง)
12:40
But the key to that is
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžืคืชื— ืœื–ื” ื”ื•ื
12:45
by looking at the difference
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ื ื™
12:47
between perceived danger and actual danger,
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ืกื›ื ื” ื•ืกื›ื ื” ืžืžืฉื™ืช,
12:49
where is the real risk?
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ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื ืžืฆื ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™?
12:50
What is the real thing that you should be afraid of?
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ืžื”ื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืคื—ื“ ืžืžื ื•?
12:52
Not just a generic fear of bad things happening.
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ืœื ืจืง ืคื—ื“ ื›ืœืœื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื‘ืฉ.
12:55
You can fundamentally change your reaction to things
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ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืชื›ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ืืช ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœื›ื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื
12:57
so that it allows you to go places
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ื›ืš ืฉื™ืชืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ื ืœืœื›ืช ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช
13:00
and see things and do things
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ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
13:02
that otherwise would be completely denied to you ...
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ืฉืื—ืจืช ื”ื™ื• ื ืฉืœืœื™ื ืžื›ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ...
13:04
where you could see the hardpan south of the Sahara,
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ืฉื‘ื• ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืงืจืงืข ื”ืื˜ื•ืžื” ืžื“ืจื•ื ืœืกื”ืจื”,
13:08
or you can see New York City
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ืื• ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง
13:09
in a way that is almost dreamlike,
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉื”ื™ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ื—ืœื•ืžื™ืช,
13:12
or the unconscious gingham of Eastern Europe fields
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ืื• ื”ืžืฉื‘ืฆื•ืช ื”ืœื ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื“ื•ืช ืžื–ืจื— ืื™ืจื•ืคื”
13:16
or the Great Lakes
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ืื• ื”ืื’ืžื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื
13:18
as a collection of small puddles.
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ื›ืกื™ื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืœื™ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช.
13:21
You can see the fault lines of San Francisco
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ืื• ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืงื•ื•ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืกืŸ ืคืจื ืกื™ืกืงื•
13:24
and the way the water pours out under the bridge,
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ื•ืืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืžื™ื ื ืฉืคื›ื™ื ืžืชื—ืช ืœื’ืฉืจ
13:26
just entirely different
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ืจืง ืฉื•ื ื” ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ
13:28
than any other way that you could have
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ืžื›ืœ ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืœื›ื
13:30
if you had not found a way to conquer your fear.
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ืื ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ื“ืจืš ืœื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืคื—ื“.
13:33
You see a beauty that otherwise
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ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ื™ื•ืคื™ ืฉืื—ืจืช
13:35
never would have happened.
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ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืงื•ืจื”.
13:39
It's time to come home at the end.
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ื–ื” ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ.
13:41
This is our spaceship,
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ื–ืืช ื”ื—ืœืœื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
13:42
the Soyuz, that little one.
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ื”ืกื•ื™ื•ื–, ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ื”ื–ื”.
13:43
Three of us climb in,
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ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื˜ื™ืคืกื ื• ืœืชื•ื›ื•,
13:45
and then this spaceship detaches from the station
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ื•ืื– ื”ื—ืœืœื™ืช ืžืชื ืชืงืช ืžื”ืชื—ื ื”
13:47
and falls into the atmosphere.
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ื•ื ื•ืคืœืช ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืื˜ืžื•ืกืคื™ืจื”.
13:49
These two parts here
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ืฉื ื™ ื”ื—ืœืงื™ื ืคื”
13:51
actually melt, we jettison them and they burn up
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ืœืžืขืฉื” ื ืžืกื™ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ื˜ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•ื”ื ื ืฉืจืคื™ื
13:53
in the atmosphere.
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ื‘ืื˜ืžื•ืกืคื™ืจื”.
13:54
The only part that survives is the little bullet
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืฉื•ืจื“ ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ
13:56
that we're riding in,
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื•,
13:57
and it falls into the atmosphere,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืคืœ ืœืื˜ืžื•ืกืคื™ืจื”,
13:59
and in essence
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ื•ื‘ืžื”ื•ืช
14:01
you are riding a meteorite home,
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ืืชื ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ื‘ืžื˜ืื•ืจื™ื˜
14:04
and riding meteorites is scary,
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ื•ืœื ืกื•ืข ื‘ืžื˜ืื•ืจื™ื˜ ื–ื” ืžืคื—ื™ื“,
14:07
and it ought to be.
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ื•ื–ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช.
14:09
But instead of riding into the atmosphere
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื ืกื•ืข ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืื˜ืžื•ืกืคื™ืจื”
14:11
just screaming, like you would
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ื‘ืฆืขืงื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื
14:12
if suddenly you found yourself riding a meteorite
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ืื ืคืชืื•ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืขืฆืžื›ื ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ืื•ืจื™ื˜
14:15
back to Earth -- (Laughter) --
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ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ -- (ืฆื—ื•ืง) --
14:18
instead, 20 years previously
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื, 20 ืฉื ื” ืงื•ื“ื
14:20
we had started studying Russian,
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ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืจื•ืกื™ืช,
14:23
and then once you learn Russian, then we
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ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืœืžื“ื™ื ืจื•ืกื™ืช, ืื– ืื ื—ื ื•
14:25
learned orbital mechanics in Russian,
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ืœืžื“ื ื• ืžื›ื ื™ืงืช ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื‘ืจื•ืกื™ืช,
14:28
and then we learned vehicle control theory,
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ื•ืื– ืœืžื“ื ื• ืชืื•ืจื™ื™ืช ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืจื›ื‘,
14:31
and then we got into the simulator
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ื•ืื– ื ื›ื ืกื ื• ืœืกื™ืžื•ืœื˜ื•ืจ
14:32
and practiced over and over and over again.
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ื•ื”ืชืืžื ื• ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘.
14:35
And in fact, you can fly this meteorite
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ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื˜ื™ืก ืืช ื”ืžื˜ืื•ืจื™ื˜ ื”ื–ื”
14:37
and steer it and land in about a 15-kilometer circle
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ื•ืœื ื•ื•ื˜ ืื•ืชื• ื•ืœื ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ 15 ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจ
14:39
anywhere on the Earth.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืขืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
14:40
So in fact, when our crew was coming back
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ืื– ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื›ืฉื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื—ื–ืจ
14:43
into the atmosphere inside the Soyuz,
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ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืื˜ืžื•ืกืคื™ืจื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืกื•ื™ื•ื–,
14:46
we weren't screaming, we were laughing;
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืฆืจื—ื ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆื—ืงื ื•;
14:48
it was fun.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ื™ืฃ.
14:49
And when the great big parachute opened,
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ืžืฆื ื— ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื ืคืชื—,
14:51
we knew that if it didn't open
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืฉืื ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ืคืชื—
14:52
there's a second parachute,
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ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื ื— ื ื•ืกืฃ
14:54
and it runs on a nice little clockwork mechanism.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืขืœ ืขืœ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉืขื•ืŸ ืงื˜ืŸ ื•ื ื—ืžื“.
14:56
So we came back, we came thundering back
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ืื– ื—ื–ืจื ื•, ื‘ืื ื• ื‘ืจืขื ื—ื–ืจื”
14:58
to Earth and this is what it looked like
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ืœื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื›ื›ื” ื–ื” ื ืจืื”
15:00
to land in a Soyuz, in Kazakhstan.
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ืœื ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืกื•ื™ื•ื– ื‘ืงื–ื—ืกื˜ืŸ.
15:03
(Video) Reporter: And you can see one of those
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(ื•ื™ื“ืื•) ืžื“ื•ื•ื—: ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืื—ื“
15:05
search and recovery helicopters, once again
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ืžื”ื”ืœื™ืงื•ืคื˜ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ื•ื”ืฆืœื”, ืฉื•ื‘
15:07
that helicopter part of dozen such Russian
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ื”ื”ืœื™ืงื•ืคื˜ืจ ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืžืชืจื™ืกืจ
15:11
Mi-8 helicopters.
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ื”ืœื™ืงื•ืคื˜ืจื™ Mi-8 ืจื•ืกื™ื.
15:15
Touchdown -- 3:14 and 48 seconds,
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ื ื—ื™ืชื” -- 3:14 ื•-48 ืฉื ื™ื•ืช,
15:19
a.m. Central Time.
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ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ. ื–ืžืŸ ืžืจื›ื–.
15:21
CH: And you roll to a stop
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ื›ืจื™ืก ื”ื“ืคื™ืœื“: ื•ืืชื ืžืชื’ืœื’ืœื™ื ืœืขืฆื™ืจื”
15:22
as if someone threw your spaceship at the ground
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ื›ืื™ืœื• ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื–ืจืง ืืช ื”ื—ืœืœื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื ืœืงืจืงืข
15:23
and it tumbles end over end,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืชื’ืœื’ืœืช ืžืงืฆื” ืืœ ืงืฆื”,
15:25
but you're ready for it
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื–ื”
15:26
you're in a custom-built seat,
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ืืชื ื‘ื›ื™ืกื ืฉื ื‘ื ื” ื‘ื”ืชืืžื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช,
15:27
you know how the shock absorber works.
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืื™ืš ื‘ื•ืœืžื™ ื”ื–ืขื–ื•ืขื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื.
15:29
And then eventually the Russians reach in,
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ื•ืื– ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืจื•ืกื™ื ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื”,
15:31
drag you out,
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ืžื•ืฉื›ื™ื ืืชื›ื ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”,
15:32
plunk you into a chair,
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ืžื•ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืืชื›ื ื‘ื›ื™ืกื,
15:33
and you can now look back at
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืื—ื•ืจื”
15:37
what was an incredible experience.
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ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”.
15:40
You have taken the dreams of that
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1967
ืืชื ืœืงื—ืชื ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ื
15:42
nine-year-old boy,
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ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ ื‘ืŸ ื”ืชืฉืข,
15:44
which were impossible
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™
15:45
and dauntingly scary,
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ืžืจืชื™ืข ื•ืžืคื—ื™ื“,
15:48
dauntingly terrifying,
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ืžื˜ื™ืœ ืื™ืžื”,
15:50
and put them into practice,
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ื•ืžื™ืžืฉืชื ืื•ืชื,
15:53
and figured out a way to reprogram yourself,
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ื•ืžืฆืืชื ื“ืจืš ืœืชื›ื ืช ืืช ืขืฆืžื›ื,
15:56
to change your primal fear
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ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคื—ื“ ื”ืงื“ื•ื ืฉืœื›ื
15:58
so that it allowed you to come back
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ื›ืš ืฉื–ื” ื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ
16:01
with a set of experiences and a level of inspiration
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ืขื ืกื˜ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืจืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืจืื”
16:05
for other people
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื
16:06
that never could have been possible otherwise.
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ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืชืืคืฉืจ ืื—ืจืช.
16:11
Just to finish, they asked me to play that guitar.
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ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ื, ื”ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืžืžื ื™ ืœื ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื’ื™ื˜ืจื”.
16:17
I know this song,
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ืื ื™ ืžื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื–ื”,
16:19
and it's really a tribute to the genius
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ื•ื–ืืช ื‘ืืžืช ืžื—ื•ื•ื” ืœื’ืื•ืŸ
16:24
of David Bowie himself,
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ื“ื™ื•ื•ื™ื“ ื‘ื•ืื™ ืขืฆืžื•,
16:26
but it's also, I think,
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื’ื, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘,
16:28
a reflection of the fact that we are not machines
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ื”ืฉืชืงืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช
16:31
exploring the universe,
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ืฉื—ื•ืงืจื•ืช ืืช ื”ื™ืงื•ื,
16:32
we are people,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืื ืฉื™ื,
16:33
and we're taking
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื
16:35
that ability to adapt
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ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืกืชื’ืœ
16:37
and that ability to understand
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ื•ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ
16:39
and the ability to take
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ื•ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืงื—ืช
16:41
our own self-perception into a new place.
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ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ื”ืขืฆืžื™ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœืžืงื•ื ื—ื“ืฉ.
16:46
(Music)
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(ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”)
16:52
โ™ซ This is Major Tom to ground control โ™ซ
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(ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”) ื–ื” ืžื™ื™ื’'ื•ืจ ื˜ื•ื ืœื‘ืงืจืช ืงืจืงืข
16:56
โ™ซ I've left forevermore โ™ซ
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(ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”) ืื ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื–ื‘ืชื™ ืœืขื“
17:01
โ™ซ And I'm floating in a most peculiar way โ™ซ
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(ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”) ื•ืื ื™ ืžืจื—ืฃ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ื–ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
17:08
โ™ซ And the stars look very different today โ™ซ
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(ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”) ื•ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื ืจืื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื
17:15
โ™ซ For here am I floating in the tin can โ™ซ
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(ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”) ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ื™ ืžืจื—ืฃ ื‘ืคื—ื™ืช
17:23
โ™ซ A last glimpse of the world โ™ซ
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(ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”) ื”ืฆืฆื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืœืขื•ืœื
17:30
โ™ซ Planet Earth is blue and there's so much left to do โ™ซ
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(ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”) ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื•ื ื›ื—ื•ืœ ื•ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช
17:37
(Music)
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(ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”)
17:56
Fear not.
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ืืœ ืชืคื—ื“ื•.
17:58
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
18:11
That's very nice of you. Thank you very much.
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ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื ื—ืžื“ ืžืฆื“ื›ื. ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื.
18:14
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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