Jon Gosier: The problem with "trickle-down techonomics"

76,348 views ใƒป 2015-03-02

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ido Dekkers ืžื‘ืงืจ: Tal Dekkers
00:13
As a software developer and technologist,
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ื›ืžืคืชื— ืชื•ื›ื ื” ื•ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’,
00:16
I've worked on a number of civic technology projects
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ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื
00:19
over the years.
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื.
00:20
Civic tech is sometimes referred to as tech for good,
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ืœื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื›ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื”,
00:24
using technology to solve humanitarian problems.
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ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืžื ื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ืช.
00:27
This is in 2010 in Uganda,
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ื–ื” 2010 ื‘ืื•ื’ื ื“ื”,
00:29
working on a solution that allowed local populations
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ื›ืฉืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืขืœ ืคื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช
00:32
to avoid government surveillance on their mobile phones
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ืœื”ืžื ืข ืžืžืขืงื‘ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ื”ืกืœื•ืœืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื
00:36
for expressing dissent.
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ืœื”ื‘ืขืช ืžื—ืื”.
00:38
That same technology was deployed later in North Africa
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ืื•ืชื” ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืืคืจื™ืงื”
00:41
for similar purposes to help activists stay connected
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ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืืจ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื
00:44
when governments were deliberately shutting off connectivity
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ื›ืฉืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื• ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืืช ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื•ืช
00:48
as a means of population control.
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ื›ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื”.
00:51
But over the years, as I have thought about these technologies
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ืืš ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื, ื›ืฉื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•
00:54
and the things that I work on,
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ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืขืœื™ื”ื,
00:56
a question kind of nags in the back of my mind, which is,
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ืฉืืœื” ืฉื”ืฆื™ืงื” ืœื™ ื‘ืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืจืืฉ, ื”ื™ื,
00:59
what if we're wrong about the virtues of technology,
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ืžื” ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื˜ื•ืขื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืขืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”,
01:02
and if it sometimes actively hurts
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ื•ืื ืžืฉื”ื• ืคื•ื’ืข ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช
01:04
the communities that we're intending to help?
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ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืŸ?
01:07
The tech industry around the world tends to operate under similar assumptions
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ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื ื ื•ื˜ื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืชื—ืช ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช
01:11
that if we build great things,
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ืฉืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื,
01:13
it will positively affect everyone.
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ื–ื” ื™ืฉืคื™ืข ื‘ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ื•ืœื.
01:16
Eventually, these innovations will get out and find everyone.
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ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื”ื”ืžืฆืื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื™ืฆืื• ื•ื™ืžืฆืื• ืืช ื›ื•ืœื.
01:19
But that's not always the case.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ืžืงืจื”.
01:22
I like to call this blind championing of technology "trickle-down techonomics,"
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ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื–ื” ื˜ื™ืขื•ืŸ ืขื™ื•ื•ืจ ืฉืœ "ื˜ืคื˜ื•ืฃ ืœืžื˜ื”" ืฉืœ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.
01:27
to borrow a phrase. (Laughter)
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ืื ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืžื•ืฉื’. (ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:30
We tend to think that if we design things for the select few,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืื ื ืขืฆื‘ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื,
01:33
eventually those technologies will reach everyone,
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ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื›ื•ืœื,
01:35
and that's not always the case.
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ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ืžืงืจื”.
01:37
Technology and innovation behaves a lot like wealth and capital.
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ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื•ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืžืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื” ืžืื•ื“ ื›ืžื• ืขื•ืฉืจ ื•ื”ื•ืŸ.
01:42
They tend to consolidate in the hands of the few,
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ื”ืŸ ื ื•ื˜ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืงื‘ืฅ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžืขื˜ื™ื,
01:44
and sometimes they find their way out into the hands of the many.
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ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืŸ ืžื•ืฆืื•ืช ืืช ื“ืจื›ืŸ ืœื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ื.
01:48
And so most of you aren't tackling oppressive regimes on the weekends,
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ื•ื›ืš ืจื•ื‘ื›ื ืœื ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืžืฉื˜ืจื™ื ืžื“ื›ืื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื™ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข,
01:53
so I wanted to think of a few examples that might be a little bit more relatable.
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ืื– ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืžื” ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืฉืื•ืœื™ ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืงืฉืจ ืืœื™ื”ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
01:57
In the world of wearables and smartphones and apps,
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ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืœื‘ื™ืฉื” ื•ืกืžืจื˜ืคื•ื ื™ื ื•ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื•ืช,
02:02
there's a big movement to track people's personal health
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ื™ืฉ ืชื ื•ืขื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื
02:05
with applications that track the number of calories that you burn
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ืขื ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉืขื•ืงื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงืœื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืืชื ืฉื•ืจืคื™ื
02:08
or whether you're sitting too much or walking enough.
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ืื• ืื ืืชื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ืื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืง.
02:13
These technologies make patient intake in medical facilities much more efficient,
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ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืขื•ืฉื•ืช ืืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืชืงื ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืœื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ืขื™ืœื”,
02:19
and in turn, these medical facilities
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ื•ื‘ืชืžื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืชืงื ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื”
02:23
are starting to expect these types of efficiencies.
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ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื ื›ืืœื” ืฉืœ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช.
02:26
As these digital tools find their way into medical rooms,
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ื›ืฉื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืืช ื“ืจื›ื ืœื—ื“ืจื™ ืจืคื•ืื”,
02:28
and they become digitally ready,
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ื•ื”ื ื ื”ืคื›ื™ื ืœืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช,
02:30
what happens to the digitally invisible?
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ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ืœื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื™ื ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช?
02:33
What does the medical experience look like
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ืื™ืš ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื ืจืื”
02:35
for someone who doesn't have the $400 phone or watch
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ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืฉืขื•ืŸ ืื• ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื‘ 400$
02:38
tracking their every movement?
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ืฉืขื•ืงื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืœ ืชื ื•ืขื” ืฉืœื•?
02:40
Do they now become a burden on the medical system?
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ื”ืื ื”ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื ื”ืคื›ื™ื ืœื ื˜ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช?
02:43
Is their experience changed?
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ื”ืื ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœื”ื ืžืฉืชื ื”?
02:46
In the world of finance, Bitcoin and crypto-currencies
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ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื, ื‘ื™ื˜ืงื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ืžื•ืฆืคื ื™ื
02:49
are revolutionizing the way we move money around the world,
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ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ื›ืกืฃ ื ืข ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื,
02:52
but the challenge with these technologies
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืืชื’ืจ ืขื ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•
02:54
is the barrier to entry is incredibly high, right?
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื—ืกื•ื ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืœื”ืคืœื™ื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
02:57
You need access to the same phones, devices, connectivity,
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ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืื•ืชื ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื, ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื, ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื•ืช,
03:01
and even where you don't, where you can find a proxy agent,
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืืชื ืœื, ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืฉืจื•ืชื™ ืคืจื•ืงืกื™,
03:04
usually they require a certain amount of capital to participate.
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ื ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืกื›ื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช.
03:09
And so the question that I ask myself is, what happens to the last community
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉืื ื™ ืฉื•ืืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ื”ื™ื, ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”
03:14
using paper notes when the rest of the world moves to digital currency?
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ืฉืžืฉืชืžืฉืช ื‘ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ืžื ื™ื™ืจ ื›ืฉืฉืืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื ืข ืœืžื˜ื‘ืข ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™?
03:20
Another example from my hometown in Philadelphia:
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ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืžืขื™ืจ ื”ื•ืœื“ืชื™ ื‘ืคื™ืœื“ืœืคื™ื”:
03:23
I recently went to the public library there,
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ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืกืคืจื™ื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉื,
03:25
and they are facing an existential crisis.
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ื•ื”ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ืžืฉื‘ืจ ืงื™ื•ืžื™.
03:27
Public funding is dwindling,
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ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืžืชื“ืœื“ืœ,
03:29
they have to reduce their footprint to stay open and stay relevant,
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ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœื”ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืืจ ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื,
03:34
and so one of the ways they're going about this
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ื•ื›ืš ืื—ืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช
03:37
is digitizing a number of the books and moving them to the cloud.
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ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืœื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ืœืขื ืŸ.
03:40
This is great for most kids. Right?
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ื–ื” ืžืขื•ืœื” ืœืจื•ื‘ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
03:42
You can check out books from home,
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืกืคืจ ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช,
03:44
you can research on the way to school or from school,
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืื• ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ,
03:47
but these are really two big assumptions,
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ืื‘ืœ ืืœื” ื‘ืืžืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช,
03:49
that one, you have access at home,
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ืฉืื—ื“, ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื’ื™ืฉื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช,
03:51
and two, that you have access to a mobile phone,
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ื•ืฉืชื™ื™ื, ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ื™ื“,
03:53
and in Philadelphia, many kids do not.
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ื•ื‘ืคื™ืœื“ืœืคื™ื”, ืœื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืื™ืŸ.
03:56
So what does their education experience look like
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ืื– ืื™ืš ื ืจืื™ืช ื—ื•ื•ื™ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉืœื”ื
03:59
in the wake of a completely cloud-based library,
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ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืกืคืจื™ื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืขืœ ืขื ืŸ,
04:03
what used to be considered such a basic part of education?
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื—ืœืง ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš?
04:06
How do they stay competitive?
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ืื™ืš ื”ื ื ืฉืืจื™ื ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ื™ื?
04:09
A final example from across the world in East Africa:
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ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืžื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ืืคืจื™ืงื”:
04:13
there's been a huge movement to digitize land ownership rights,
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ื”ื™ื• ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืœื”ืคื•ืš ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืงืจืงืข ืœื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื•ืช,
04:18
for a number of reasons.
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ืžืžืกืคืจ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช.
04:20
Migrant communities, older generations dying off,
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ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื ื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืฉืžืชื™ื,
04:23
and ultimately poor record-keeping
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืขืœื•ื‘ื”
04:25
have led to conflicts over who owns what.
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ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ืœืžืื‘ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ ื”ื‘ืขืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื”.
04:29
And so there was a big movement to put all this information online,
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ื™ืชื” ืชื ื•ืขื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื” ืœืจืฉืช,
04:33
to track all the ownership of these plots of land,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืœืงื•ืช ืงืจืงืข,
04:37
put them in the cloud, and give them to the communities.
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ืœืฉื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืขื ืŸ, ื•ืœืชืช ืื•ืชื ืœืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช.
04:40
But actually, the unintended consequence of this
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ืœื ืžื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื”
04:43
has been that venture capitalists, investors, real estate developers,
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ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ ื”ื•ืŸ, ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื, ืžืคืชื—ื™ ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ,
04:47
have swooped in and they've begun buying up these plots of land
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ื ื›ื ืกื• ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืงื ื•ืช ืืช ื—ืœืงื•ืช ื”ืื“ืžื” ื”ืืœื•
04:50
right out from under these communities,
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ื™ืฉืจ ืžื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืืœื”,
04:52
because they have access to the technologies
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”
04:54
and the connectivity that makes that possible.
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ื•ืœืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืืคืฉืจืช ืืช ื–ื”.
04:58
So that's the common thread that connects these examples,
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ืื– ื–ื” ื”ื—ื•ื˜ ื”ืžืงืฉืจ ืฉืžื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ื”ืืœื•,
05:01
the unintended consequences of the tools and the technologies that we make.
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ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืœื ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื.
05:04
As engineers, as technologists,
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ื›ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื, ื›ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื,
05:07
we sometimes prefer efficiency over efficacy.
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ืื—ื ื ื• ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืžืฉื”ื• ืœื”ืชืจื—ืฉ.
05:11
We think more about doing things than the outcomes of what we are doing.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื.
05:15
This needs to change.
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ื–ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช.
05:17
We have a responsibility to think about the outcomes of the technologies we build,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืื•ืชืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื•ื ื™ื,
05:21
especially as they increasingly control the world in which we live.
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ืฉื”ืŸ ืฉื•ืœื˜ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื.
05:24
In the late '90s,
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ื‘ืฉืœื”ื™ ืฉื ื•ืช ื” 90,
05:26
there was a big push for ethics in the world of investment and banking.
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ื”ื™ืชื” ื“ื—ื™ืคื” ื—ื–ืงื” ืœืืชื™ืงื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืงืื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช.
05:30
I think in 2014, we're long overdue for a similar movement
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื‘ 2014, ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืžืฉ ืžืื—ืจื™ื ืœืชื ื•ืขื” ื“ื•ืžื”
05:34
in the area of tech and technology.
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ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืฉืœ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.
05:38
So, I just encourage you, as you are all thinking about the next big thing,
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ืื–, ืื ื™ ืจืง ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืืชื›ื, ื›ืฉื›ื•ืœื›ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื‘ื,
05:42
as entrepreneurs, as CEOs, as engineers, as makers,
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ื›ื™ื–ืžื™ื, ื›ืžื ื›"ืœื™ื, ื›ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื, ื›ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื,
05:47
that you think about the unintended consequences
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ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช
05:51
of the things that you're building,
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ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืชื ื‘ื•ื ื™ื.
05:53
because the real innovation is in finding ways to include everyone.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื™ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืืช ื›ื•ืœื.
05:57
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
05:59
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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