Noel Bairey Merz: The single biggest health threat women face

65,003 views ใƒป 2012-03-21

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Karine Jospe ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:15
One out of two of you women
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ืื—ืช ืžื›ืœ ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืžื›ืŸ,
00:18
will be impacted by cardiovascular disease
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ืชื•ืฉืคืข ืžืžื—ืœืช ืœื‘ ื•ื›ืœื™ ื“ื
00:20
in your lifetime.
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื—ื™ื™ื”.
00:23
So this is the leading killer of women.
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ื›ืš ืฉื–ื”ื• ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืœืžื•ื•ืช ื‘ื ืฉื™ื,
00:27
It's a closely held secret
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ื–ื” ืกื•ื“ ืฉืžื•ืจ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘,
00:29
for reasons I don't know.
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ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช.
00:32
In addition to making this personal --
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ืœื ืจืง ืฉื ื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืœืื™ืฉื™
00:35
so we're going to talk about your relationship with your heart
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ื›ืš ืฉื ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉืœืš ืขื ืœื‘ืš
00:37
and all women's relationship with their heart --
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ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืœื‘ืŸ,
00:40
we're going to wax into the politics.
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ื ืคืœื•ืฉ ื’ื ืœืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื”.
00:42
Because the personal, as you know, is political.
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ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืื™ืฉื™, ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข, ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™.
00:45
And not enough is being done about this.
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ื•ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ืžืกืคื™ืง ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.
00:48
And as we have watched women
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ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ื ืฉื™ื
00:50
conquer breast cancer
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ืฆื•ืœื—ื•ืช ืืช ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“
00:52
through the breast cancer campaign,
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ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ืœืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“
00:54
this is what we need to do now with heart.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื ื”ืœื‘.
00:57
Since 1984,
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ืžืื– 1984
00:59
more women die in the U.S. than men.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืฉื™ื ืžืชื•ืช, ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘, ืžื’ื‘ืจื™ื
01:03
So where we used to think of heart disease
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ื ื• ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื—ืœืช ืœื‘
01:06
as being a man's problem primarily --
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ื›ื‘ืขื™ื”, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ, ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื,
01:09
which that was never true,
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ืžื” ืฉืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ,
01:11
but that was kind of how everybody thought in the 1950s and '60s,
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-50 ื•ื”-60,
01:14
and it was in all the textbooks.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช.
01:16
It's certainly what I learned when I was training.
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ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืœืžื“ืชื™ ื‘ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช.
01:19
If we were to remain sexist, and that was not right,
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ืื ื ืฉืืจ ืกืงืกื™ืกื˜ื™ื, ืžื” ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
01:22
but if we were going to go forward and be sexist,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื ื”ื™ื” ืกืงืกื™ืกื˜ื™ื,
01:25
it's actually a woman's disease.
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ื–ืืช ื‘ืขืฆื, ืžื—ืœื” ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื.
01:27
So it's a woman's disease now.
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ืื– ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื–ืืช ืžื—ืœื” ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื.
01:29
And one of the things that you see
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ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืชืŸ ืจื•ืื•ืช
01:31
is that male line,
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ื–ื” ื”ืงื• ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื
01:33
the mortality is going down, down, down, down, down.
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ื”ืชืžื•ืชื” ื™ื•ืจื“ืช ื•ื™ื•ืจื“ืช ื•ื™ื•ืจื“ืช...
01:35
And you see the female line since 1984,
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ื•ืืชืŸ ืจื•ืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืงื• ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืžืื– 1984,
01:38
the gap is widening.
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ื”ืคืขืจ ื’ื“ืœ.
01:40
More and more women, two, three, four times more women,
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืฉื™ื, ืคื™ 2, ืคื™ 3 ื•ืคื™ 4 ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืฉื™ื,
01:43
dying of heart disease than men.
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ืžืชื•ืช ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ ืœืขื•ืžืช ื’ื‘ืจื™ื.
01:46
And that's too short of a time period
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ื•ื–ืืช ืชืงื•ืคืช ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจื” ืžื™ื“ื™ื™
01:48
for all the different risk factors that we know
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ืœื›ืœ ืžืฉืชื ื™ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื
01:50
to change.
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ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช.
01:52
So what this really suggested to us
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืื•ืžืจ ืœื ื•,
01:54
at the national level
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ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช
01:56
was that diagnostic and therapeutic strategies,
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ื–ื” ืฉืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื•ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ,
02:00
which had been developed in men, by men, for men
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ืฉืคื•ืชื—ื• ื‘ื’ื‘ืจื™ื, ืข"ื™ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื,
02:03
for the last 50 years --
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ื‘-50 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช
02:05
and they work pretty well in men, don't they? --
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ืืฉืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืืฆืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื, ืœื?
02:08
weren't working so well for women.
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ืœื ืขื‘ื“ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื˜ื•ื‘ ืืฆืœ ื ืฉื™ื.
02:11
So that was a big wake-up call
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ื–ืืช ื”ื™ืชื” ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืฉืงืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”
02:13
in the 1980's.
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ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-80.
02:15
Heart disease kills more women
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ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ ื”ื•ืจื’ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืฉื™ื,
02:18
at all ages
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ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื™ืœืื™ื,
02:20
than breast cancer.
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ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“.
02:22
And the breast cancer campaign --
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ื•ื”ืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“ -
02:24
again, this is not a competition.
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ื•ืฉื•ื‘, ื–ืืช ืœื ืชื—ืจื•ืช.
02:26
We're trying to be as good as the breast cancer campaign.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื”ืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ืœืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“.
02:29
We need to be as good as the breast cancer campaign
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื”ืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ืœืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“
02:32
to address this crisis.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ.
02:34
Now sometimes when people see this,
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ืœืขืชื™ื ื›ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื–ื”,
02:36
I hear this gasp.
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ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืžืขืช ื”ืฉืชื ืงื•ืช.
02:38
We can all think of someone,
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื™,
02:40
often a young woman,
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ืœืจื•ื‘ ืืฉื” ืฆืขื™ืจื”,
02:42
who has been impacted by breast cancer.
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ืฉื ืคื’ืขื” ืžืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“.
02:45
We often can't think of a young woman
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ืืš, ืœืจื‘ ืœื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืืฉื” ืฆืขื™ืจื”
02:47
who has heart disease.
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื” ืžื—ืœืช ืœื‘.
02:49
I'm going to tell you why.
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ืื ื™ ืื’ื™ื“ ืœื›ื ืœืžื”.
02:51
Heart disease kills people,
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ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ ื”ื•ืจื’ื•ืช,
02:53
often very quickly.
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ื•ืœืจื•ื‘ ืžื”ืจ.
02:55
So the first time heart disease strikes in women and men,
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ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืžื—ืœืช ื”ืœื‘ ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืืฉื” ืื• ื‘ื’ื‘ืจ,
02:58
half of the time it's sudden cardiac death --
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ื—ืฆื™ ืžื”ื–ืžืŸ ื–ื” ืžื•ื•ืช ืงืจื“ื™ืืœื™ ืคืชืื•ืžื™.
03:01
no opportunity to say good-bye,
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ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื”ืคืจื“,
03:03
no opportunity to take her to the chemotherapy,
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ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืงื—ืช ืื•ืชื” ืœื›ื™ืžื•ืชืจืคื™ื”,
03:05
no opportunity to help her pick out a wig.
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ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืคืื”.
03:08
Breast cancer,
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ื‘ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“,
03:10
mortality is down to four percent.
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ื”ืชืžื•ืชื” ื™ืจื“ื” ืœ-4%.
03:13
And that is the 40 years
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ื•ืืœื• 40 ื”ืฉื ื”
03:15
that women have advocated.
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ืฉื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฆืื• ื•ื“ื‘ืจื•.
03:19
Betty Ford, Nancy Reagan stood up
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ื‘ื˜ื™ ืคื•ืจื“, ื ื ืกื™ ืจื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื ืขืžื“ื•
03:22
and said, "I'm a breast cancer survivor,"
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ื•ืืžืจื• "ืื ื™ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“"
03:24
and it was okay to talk about it.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื”.
03:26
And then physicians have gone to bat.
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ื•ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื™ืฆืื• ืœืžืื‘ืง.
03:28
We've done the research.
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ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจ.
03:30
We have effective therapies now.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื™ืขื™ืœื™ื.
03:32
Women are living longer than ever.
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ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื™ ืคืขื.
03:34
That has to happen in heart disease, and it's time.
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ื–ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืงืจื•ืช ืขื ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘, ื•ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ.
03:37
It's not happening, and it's time.
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ื–ื” ืœื ืงื•ืจื”, ื•ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ.
03:42
We owe an incredible debt of gratitude
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ืื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืชื•ื“ื” ืขื ืงื™ืช
03:44
to these two women.
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ืœืฉืชื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื•.
03:46
As Barbara depicted
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉื‘ืจื‘ืจื” ื”ืฆื™ื’ื”
03:48
in one of her amazing movies, "Yentl,"
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ื‘ืื—ื“ ื”ืกืจื˜ื™ื ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœื” "ื™ื ื˜ืœ",
03:52
she portrayed a young woman
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ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ื—ืงื” ืืฉื” ืฆืขื™ืจื”
03:54
who wanted an education.
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ืฉืจืฆืชื” ื”ืฉื›ืœื”.
03:57
And she wanted to study the Talmud.
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ื”ื™ื ืจืฆืชื” ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืชืœืžื•ื“.
03:59
And so how did she get educated then?
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ืื– ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื ืงื‘ืœื” ื”ืฉื›ืœื”?
04:01
She had to impersonate a man.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืชื—ื–ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ืจ.
04:03
She had to look like a man.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื’ื‘ืจ.
04:05
She had to make other people believe that she looked like a man
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ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืื—ืจื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื ื ืจืืช ื›ืžื• ื’ื‘ืจ.
04:08
and she could have the same rights
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ืื– ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื” ืื•ืชืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช
04:10
that the men had.
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ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื.
04:12
Bernadine Healy, Dr. Healy,
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ื‘ืจื ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืœื™, ื“ืจ' ื”ื™ืœื™,
04:15
was a cardiologist.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืงืจื“ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช.
04:17
And right around that time, in the 1980's,
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ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื”, ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-80,
04:20
that we saw women and heart disease deaths
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ื›ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ืชืžื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘
04:22
going up, up, up, up, up,
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ืขื•ืœื”, ืขื•ืœื”, ืขื•ืœื”, ืขื•ืœื” ื•ืขื•ืœื”
04:24
she wrote an editorial
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ื”ื™ื ื›ืชื‘ื” ืžืืžืจ
04:26
in the New England Journal of Medicine
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ื‘ืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ืฉืœ ื ื™ื• ืื™ื ื’ืœื ื“
04:28
and said, the Yentl syndrome.
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ื•ืืžืจื”, ืกื™ื ื“ืจื•ื ื™ื ื˜ืœ.
04:31
Women are dying of heart disease,
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ื ืฉื™ื ืžืชื•ืช ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘,
04:33
two, three, four times more than men.
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ืคื™ 2, ืคื™ 3 ื•ืคื™ 4 ืžื’ื‘ืจื™ื
04:36
Mortality is not going down, it's going up.
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ื”ืชืžื•ืชื” ืœื ื™ื•ืจื“ืช, ื”ื™ื ืขื•ืœื”.
04:39
And she questioned,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืฉืืœื”,
04:41
she hypothesized,
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ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืขืจื”,
04:43
is this a Yentl syndrome?
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ืกื™ื ื“ืจื•ื ื™ื ื˜ืœ?
04:45
And here's what the story is.
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ื•ื›ื›ื” ื–ื” ื”ื•ืœืš:
04:47
Is it because women don't look like men,
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืœื ื ืจืื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื’ื‘ืจื™ื,
04:50
they don't look like that male-pattern heart disease
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ื”ืŸ ืœื ืชื•ืืžื•ืช ืืช ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ื’ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘
04:53
that we've spent the last 50 years understanding
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ืฉื‘-50 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœืžื“ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ
04:56
and getting really good diagnostics
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ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืื™ื‘ื—ื•ื ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš
04:58
and really good therapeutics,
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ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš,
05:00
and therefore, they're not recognized for their heart disease.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ, ื”ืŸ ืœื ืžืื•ื‘ื—ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœื”ืŸ.
05:02
And they're just passed.
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ื•ื”ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช.
05:04
They don't get treated, they don't get detected,
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ื”ืŸ ืœื ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื, ื”ืŸ ืœื ืžืื•ื‘ื—ื ื•ืช,
05:07
they don't get the benefit of all the modern medicines.
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ื”ืŸ ืœื ื ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช.
05:10
Doctor Healy then subsequently became
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ื“ืจ' ื”ื™ืœื™ ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื”,
05:12
the first female director
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ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœื ื”ืœ ืืช
05:14
of our National Institutes of Health.
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ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื•.
05:16
And this is the biggest biomedical enterprise research
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ื–ื” ื”ืžื™ื–ื ื”ืžื—ืงืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื•-ืจืคื•ืื™
05:19
in the world.
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ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
05:21
And it funds a lot of my research.
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ื”ื•ื ืžื™ืžืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœื™.
05:23
It funds research all over the place.
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ื”ืŸื ืžืžืžืŸ ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
05:25
It was a very big deal
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืฆื™ื ื™ ืžืื•ื“
05:27
for her to become director.
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ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืคื›ื” ืœืžื ื”ืœืช.
05:29
And she started,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื”,
05:31
in the face of a lot of controversy,
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ืžื•ืœ ื—ื™ืœื•ืงื™ ื“ืขื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื,
05:33
the Women's Health Initiative.
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ืืช ื”ืžื™ื–ื ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื”.
05:35
And every woman in the room here
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ื•ื›ืœ ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื–ื”
05:37
has benefited from that Women's Health Initiative.
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ื ื”ื ื™ืช ืžื”ืžื™ื–ื ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื”.
05:39
It told us about hormone replacement therapy.
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ื–ื” ื™ื“ืข ืื•ืชื ื• ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ื•ืจืžื•ื ืœื™ ืชื—ืœื™ืคื™.
05:42
It's informed us about osteoporosis.
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ื–ื” ื ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ื—ืช ืกื™ื“ืŸ.
05:44
It informed us about breast cancer, colon cancer in women.
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ืขืœ ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“ ื•ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืžืขื™ ื”ื’ืก ื‘ื ืฉื™ื.
05:47
So a tremendous fund of knowledge
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื›ืžื•ืช ืื“ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื™ื“ืข
05:50
despite, again,
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ืฉื•ื‘, ืœืžืจื•ืช
05:52
that so many people told her not to do it,
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ืฉื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืืžืจื• ืœื” ืœื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”,
05:54
it was too expensive.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื™ืงืจ ืžื™ื“ื™ื™.
05:56
And the under-reading was women aren't worth it.
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ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ืจื•ืช, ื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืฉื•ื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”.
05:59
She was like, "Nope. Sorry. Women are worth it."
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”: "ืœื, ืกืœื™ื—ื”, ื ืฉื™ื ื›ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”."
06:02
Well there was a little piece of that Women's Health Initiative
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ืื– ื—ืœืง ืงื˜ืŸ ืžื”ืžื™ื–ื ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื”
06:05
that went to National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute,
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ื”ืœืš ืœืžื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืœืœื‘, ืจื™ืื” ื•ื“ื,
06:07
which is the cardiology part of the NIH.
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ืฉื–ื” ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืงืจื“ื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืฉืœ ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™.
06:10
And we got to do the WISE study --
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ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ืžื—ืงืจ WISE
06:12
and the WISE stands for Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation --
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ืจืืฉื™ ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ: ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืกื™ื ื“ืจื•ื ืื™ืกื›ื™ืžื™ื” ื‘ื ืฉื™ื.
06:16
and I have chaired this study for the last 15 years.
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ืขืžื“ืชื™ ื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ื–ื” ื‘-15 ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช.
06:18
It was a study to specifically ask,
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ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื ื•ืขื“ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง
06:21
what's going on with women?
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ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ืขื ื”ื ืฉื™ื?
06:23
Why are more and more women dying
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ืœืžื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืฉื™ื ืžืชื•ืช
06:25
of ischemic heart disease?
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ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ ืื™ืกื›ื™ืžื™ื•ืช?
06:27
So in the WISE, 15 years ago,
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ืื– ื‘-WISE, ืœืคื ื™ 15 ืฉื ื”,
06:30
we started out and said, "Well wow, there's a couple of key observations
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ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืขื "ื˜ื•ื‘, ื™ืฉ ืฉืชื™ ืชืฆืคื™ื•ืช ืขื™ืงืจื™ื•ืช
06:33
and we should probably follow up on that."
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ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื•ืชื."
06:35
And our colleagues in Washington, D.C.
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ื•ืงื•ืœื’ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื” ื•ื•ืฉื™ื ื’ื˜ื•ืŸ
06:38
had recently published
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ืคืจืกืžื• ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”
06:41
that when women have heart attacks and die,
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ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื ืฉื™ื ืžืชื•ืช ืžื”ืชืงืฃ ืœื‘,
06:44
compared to men who have heart attacks and die --
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ืœืขื•ืžืช ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžืชื™ื ืžื”ืชืงืฃ ืœื‘ -
06:47
and again, this is millions of people,
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ื•ืฉื•ื‘, ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื,
06:49
happening every day --
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ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื -
06:52
women, in their fatty plaque --
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ืœื•ื—ื™ืช ื”ืฉื•ืžืŸ ืืฆืœ ื ืฉื™ื -
06:54
and this is their coronary artery,
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ื•ื–ื” ืขื•ืจืง ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœื”ืŸ,
06:56
so the main blood supply going into the heart muscle --
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ืืกืคืงืช ื”ื“ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช ืœืฉืจื™ืจ ื”ืœื‘ -
06:58
women erode,
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ื ืฉื™ื ื ืฉื—ืงื•ืช,
07:00
men explode.
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ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืชืคื•ืฆืฆื™ื.
07:03
You're going to find some interesting analogies
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ืืชืŸ ืชืžืฆืื• ืื ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช
07:05
in this physiology.
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ื‘ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื–ืืช.
07:07
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:10
So I'll describe the male-pattern heart attack first.
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืืชืืจ ืืช ื”ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ืช ืœื”ืชืงืฃ ืœื‘ ืงื•ื“ื.
07:13
Hollywood heart attack. Ughhhh.
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ื”ืชืงืฃ ืœื‘ ื”ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื“ื™.
07:15
Horrible chest pain.
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ื›ืื‘ ื—ื–ื” ื ื•ืจืื™.
07:17
EKG goes pbbrrhh,
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ื”-ืืง"ื’ ืžืชืคื•ืฆืฅ.
07:19
so the doctors can see this hugely abnormal EKG.
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ืื– ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืจื•ืื™ื ืื’"ืง ืžืื•ื“ ืื‘ื ื•ืจืžืœื™.
07:22
There's a big clot in the middle of the artery.
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ื™ืฉ ื’ื•ืฉ ื—ื•ืกื ืขื ืง ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืขื•ืจืง.
07:24
And they go up to the cath lab
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ื”ื ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœื—ื“ืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ,
07:26
and boom, boom, boom get rid of the clot.
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ื•ื‘ื•ื ื‘ื•ื ื‘ื•ื ื ืคืชืจื™ื ืžื”ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ืกื.
07:28
That's a man heart attack.
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ื–ื” ื”ืชืงืฃ ืœื‘ ื’ื‘ืจื™.
07:30
Some women have those heart attacks,
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ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉ ื”ืชืงืฃ ืœื‘ ื›ื–ื”,
07:32
but a whole bunch of women have this kind of heart attack,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื—ืœืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉ ื”ืชืงืฃ ืœื‘ ื›ื–ื”:
07:34
where it erodes,
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ืฉื–ื” ื ืฉื—ืง.
07:36
doesn't completely fill with clot, symptoms are subtle,
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ื–ื” ืœื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื ืกืชื ืžื’ื•ืฉ, ื”ืชืกืžื ื™ื ืžืชื•ื ื™ื,
07:39
EKG findings are different --
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ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ืืง"ื’ ืฉื•ื ื™ื
07:41
female-pattern.
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ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื ืฉื™ืช.
07:43
So what do you think happens to these gals?
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ืื– ืžื” ืืชืŸ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉืงื•ืจื” ืขื ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•?
07:46
They're often not recognized, sent home.
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ื”ืŸ ืœื ืžืื•ื‘ื—ื ื•ืช, ื ืฉืœื—ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”
07:48
I'm not sure what it was. Might have been gas.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืžื” ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”, ืื•ืœื™ ื’ื–ื™ื.
07:51
So we picked up on that
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ืื– ืขืœื™ื ื• ืขืœ ื–ื”.
07:53
and we said, "You know, we now have the ability
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ื•ืืžืจื ื• "ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช
07:56
to look inside human beings
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ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืœืชื•ืš ืื ืฉื™ื
07:59
with these special catheters called IVUS:
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ืขื ืงื˜ื˜ืจ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉื ืงืจื IVUS
08:01
intravascular ultrasound."
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ืื•ืœื˜ืจืืกืื•ื ื“ ืชื•ืš ืขื•ืจืงื™."
08:03
And we said, "We're going to hypothesize
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ื•ืืžืจื ื• "ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื ื™ื—
08:06
that the fatty plaque in women
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ืฉื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ืžืŸ ื‘ื ืฉื™ื
08:09
is actually probably different,
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ื”ื™ื, ื›ื ืจืื”, ืฉื•ื ื”
08:11
and deposited differently, than men."
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ื•ืžืชืคื–ืจืช ืื—ืจืช ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ื’ื‘ืจื™ื."
08:13
And because of the common knowledge
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ื›ืœืœื™
08:17
of how women and men get fat.
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ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ื”ืฉืžื ื” ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ื‘ืจื™ื.
08:19
When we watch people become obese,
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ื›ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ืฉืžื ืช ื™ืชืจ
08:23
where do men get fat?
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ืื™ืคื” ืžืฉืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื?
08:26
Right here, it's just a focal -- right there.
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ื›ืืŸ, ื–ื” ืžืžื•ืงื“ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืืŸ.
08:30
Where do women get fat?
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ืื™ืคื” ื ืฉื™ื ืžืฉืžื™ื ื•ืช?
08:33
All over.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
08:35
Cellulite here, cellulite here.
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ืฆืœื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืก ืคื”, ืฆืœื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืก ืคื”.
08:38
So we said, "Look, women look like they're pretty good
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ื•ืื– ืืžืจื ื• "ื ืจืื” ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ืฆืœื—ื•ืช
08:40
about putting kind of the garbage away,
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ื‘ืกื™ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื‘ืœ
08:42
smoothly putting it away.
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ืžืกื“ืจื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ื—ืœืง.
08:44
Men just have to dump it in a single area."
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ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืื—ื“."
08:47
So we said, "Let's look at these."
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ื•ืื– ืืžืจื ื• "ื‘ื ื ืจืื” ืืช ื–ื”."
08:49
And so the yellow is the fatty plaque,
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ืื–, ื”ืฆื”ื•ื‘ ื–ื” ื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ืžืŸ,
08:52
and panel A is a man.
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ืื™ื•ืจ A ื–ื” ื”ื’ื‘ืจ
08:54
And you can see, it's lumpy bumpy.
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื–ื” ื’ื•ืฉื™.
08:56
He's got a beer belly in his coronary arteries.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื›ืจืก ื‘ืขื•ืจืง ื”ืœื‘ื‘ื™
08:59
Panel B is the woman, very smooth.
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ืื™ื•ืจ B ื–ื” ื”ืื™ืฉื”, ืžืื•ื“ ื—ืœืง.
09:01
She's just laid it down nice and tidy.
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ื”ื™ื ืคื–ืจื” ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ืœืง ื•ืžืกื•ื“ืจ
09:03
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:05
And if you did that angiogram,
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ื•ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชืŸ ืขื•ืฉื•ืช ืืช ืฆื ืชื•ืจ
09:07
which is the red,
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ืฉื–ื” ื”ืื“ื•ื,
09:09
you can see the man's disease.
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ืืชืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื—ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืจ.
09:11
So 50 years
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ืื– 50 ืฉื ื”
09:13
of honing and crafting these angiograms,
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ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื•ื—ื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืฆื ืชื•ืจื™ื
09:15
we easily recognize
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื–ื”ื™ื ื‘ืงืœื•ืช
09:17
male-pattern disease.
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ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื‘ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื’ื‘ืจื™ืช.
09:19
Kind of hard to see that female-pattern disease.
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ื“ื™ ืงืฉื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ืช.
09:21
So that was a discovery.
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ืื– ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชื’ืœื™ืช.
09:23
Now what are the implications of that?
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ืื– ืžื” ื”ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื”?
09:26
Well once again, women get the angiogram
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ืฉื•ื‘, ื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฆื ืชื•ืจ
09:28
and nobody can tell that they have a problem.
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ื•ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืจื•ืื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื”.
09:31
So we are working now on a non-invasive --
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื—ืงืจ ืœื ื—ื•ื“ืจื ื™
09:34
again, these are all invasive studies.
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ื›ืœ ืืœื• ื”ื ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื—ื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื.
09:36
Ideally you would love to do all this non-invasively.
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ื”ืื™ื“ืืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœื ื—ื•ื“ืจื ื™.
09:39
And again, 50 years
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ื•ืฉื•ื‘, 50 ืฉื ื”
09:41
of good non-invasive stress testing,
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ืฉืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืœื—ืฅ ืœื ื—ื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช,
09:43
we're pretty good at recognizing male-pattern disease
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื–ื”ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื‘ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื’ื‘ืจื™ืช
09:45
with stress tests.
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ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ ืœื—ืฅ.
09:47
So this is cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.
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ื–ื” ื”ื“ืžื™ื™ืช ืชื”ื•ื“ื” ืžื’ื ื˜ื™ืช ืœื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
09:49
We're doing this at the Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืœื‘ ืกื™ื“ืจ-ืกื™ื ื™
09:52
in the Women's Heart Center.
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ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืœืœื‘ ื”ืื™ืฉื”.
09:54
We selected this for the research.
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ื‘ื—ืจื ื• ืืช ื–ื” ืœืžื—ืงืจ.
09:57
This is not in your community hospital,
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ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื,
09:59
but we would hope to translate this.
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ืืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื•ื•ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื”.
10:01
And we're about two and a half years
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ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื•ื—ืฆื™
10:03
into a five-year study.
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ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœ ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื
10:05
This was the only modality
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ื–ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืืคืฉืจ
10:07
that can see the inner lining of the heart.
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ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื ื” ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืœื‘
10:09
And if you look carefully, you can see
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ื•ืื ืชืกืชื›ืœื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช
10:11
that there's a black blush right there.
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ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืชื ืฉื—ื•ืจ ื›ืืŸ
10:13
And that is microvascular obstruction.
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ื•ื–ืืช ื—ืกื™ืžื” ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื.
10:16
The syndrome, the female-pattern
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ืœืกื™ื ื“ืจื•ื, ืœืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ืช
10:19
now is called microvascular coronary dysfunction, or obstruction.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื, ืื™ ืชืคืงื•ื“ ืื• ื—ืกื™ืžื” ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ ื”ืœื‘.
10:23
The second reason we really liked MRI
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ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื” ืื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”-MRI
10:26
is that there's no radiation.
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ื–ื” ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ื ื”.
10:28
So unlike the CAT scans, X-rays, thalliums,
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ืื– ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœ-CT, ืฆื™ืœื•ืžื™ ืจื ื˜ื’ืŸ, ืชืœื™ื•ื
10:31
for women
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ืืฆืœ ื ืฉื™ื
10:33
whose breast is in the way
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ืฉื”ืฉื“ ืฉืœื”ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš
10:35
of looking at the heart,
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ื›ืฉืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืœื‘,
10:37
every time we order something that has even a small amount of radiation,
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ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืขื ืจืžืช ืงืจื™ื ื” ืงื˜ื ื”
10:40
we say, "Do we really need that test?"
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืืœื™ื "ื‘ืืžืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืืช ื–ื”?"
10:42
So we're very excited about M.R.
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ืื– ื”- MRI ืžืื•ื“ ืžืจื’ืฉ ืื•ืชื ื•.
10:44
You can't go and order it yet,
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ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืืช ื–ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ,
10:46
but this is an area of active inquiry
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ืคืขื™ืœ
10:48
where actually studying women
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ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื‘ื ืฉื™ื
10:50
is going to advance the field for women and men.
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ื™ืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืชื—ื•ื ืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ื‘ืจื™ื
10:54
What are the downstream consequences
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ืžื” ื”ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช
10:57
then, when female-pattern heart disease
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ืžื—ืœื” ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื
11:00
is not recognized?
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ืœื ืžืื•ื‘ื—ื ืช?
11:02
This is a figure
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ื–ื” ืื™ื•ืจ
11:04
from an editorial that I published
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ืžืžืืžืจ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืคืจืกืžื™
11:06
in the European Heart Journal this last summer.
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ื‘ืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ ื”ืœื‘ ื”ืืจื•ืคืื™ืช ืงื™ืฅ ืฉืขื‘ืจ
11:09
And it was just a pictogram
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ื–ื” ืจืง ื”ื™ื” ืื™ื•ืจ
11:11
to sort of show
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช
11:13
why more women are dying of heart disease,
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ืœืžื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืฉื™ื ืžืชื•ืช ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘
11:15
despite these good treatments
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื
11:17
that we know and we have work.
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ืฉืื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื, ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื ื•.
11:20
And when the woman
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืœืื™ืฉื”
11:22
has male-pattern disease --
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ื™ืฉ ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ืžื—ืœื” ื’ื‘ืจื™ืช -
11:24
so she looks like Barbara in the movie --
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ื›ืžื• ื‘ืจื‘ืจื” ื‘ืกืจื˜ -
11:27
they get treated.
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ื”ืŸ ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช.
11:29
And when you have female-pattern and you look like a woman,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ืžื—ืœื” ื ืฉื™ืช ื•ืืช ื ืจืื™ืช ืื™ืฉื”,
11:32
as Barbara does here with her husband,
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ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ืจื‘ืจื” ื ืจืื™ืช ืขื ื‘ืขืœื”,
11:35
they don't get the treatment.
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ื”ืŸ ืœื ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื•ืช.
11:37
These are our life-saving treatments.
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ืืœื• ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืžืฆื™ืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
11:39
And those little red boxes are deaths.
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ื•ื”ืงื•ืคืกืื•ืช ื”ืื“ื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืžื•ื•ืช.
11:42
So those are the consequences.
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ืื– ืืœื• ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช.
11:44
And that is female-pattern
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ื•ื–ืืช ื”ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ืช
11:46
and why we think the Yentl syndrome
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ื•ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช, ืฉืชืกืžื•ื ืช ื™ื ื˜ืœ
11:48
actually is explaining
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ื‘ืขืฆื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื”
11:50
a lot of these gaps.
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ืืœื•.
11:53
There's been wonderful news also
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ื”ื™ื• ื’ื ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืช
11:56
about studying women,
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ื‘ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ื ืฉื™ื,
11:58
finally, in heart disease.
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ืกื•ืฃ ืกื•ืฃ, ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื”ืœื‘.
12:00
And one of the the cutting-edge areas
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ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื”ื—ื“ื™ืฉื™ื
12:02
that we're just incredibly excited about
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ืฉืžืื•ื“ ืžืจื’ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•
12:04
is stem cell therapy.
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ื–ื” ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชืื™ ื’ื–ืข.
12:06
If you ask, what is the big difference
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ืื ืชืฉืืœื•, ืžื” ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ
12:09
between women and men physiologically?
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ื‘ืคื™ืกื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ื‘ืจื™ื
12:11
Why are there women and men?
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ืœืžื” ื™ืฉ ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ื‘ืจื™ื?
12:14
Because women bring new life into the world.
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ื›ื™ ื ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื.
12:17
That's all stem cells.
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ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœ ืชืื™ ื’ื–ืข.
12:19
So we hypothesized
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ืื– ืฉื™ืขืจื ื• ื”ืฉืขืจื”
12:21
that female stem cells might be better
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ืฉืชืื™ ื”ื’ื–ืข ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืื•ืœื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ
12:24
at identifying the injury,
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ื‘ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืขื”,
12:27
doing some cellular repair
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ื‘ืœื‘ืฆืข ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืชืื™
12:29
or even producing new organs,
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ืื• ื‘ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื,
12:31
which is one of the things
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ื•ื–ื” ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
12:33
that we're trying to do with stem cell therapy.
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ืฉืื ื• ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชืื™ ื’ื–ืข
12:36
These are female and male stem cells.
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ืืœื• ืชืื™ ื’ื–ืข ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ื‘ืจื™ื
12:39
And if you had an injured organ,
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ื•ืื ื”ื™ื” ืœืš ืื™ื‘ืจ ืคื’ื•ืข,
12:41
if you had a heart attack
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ืื ื”ื™ื” ืœืš ื”ืชืงืฃ ืœื‘
12:43
and we wanted to repair that injured area,
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ื•ืจืฆื™ื ื• ืœืชืงืŸ ืœืš ืืช ื”ืื–ื•ืจ,
12:46
do you want those robust,
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ื”ืื ืืช ืจื•ืฆื” ืืช ื”ืชืื™ื
12:48
plentiful stem cells on the top?
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ื”ื—ืกื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืœืื™ื ืฉืœืžืขืœื”
12:51
Or do you want these guys,
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ืื• ืืช ืืœื•
12:53
that look like they're out to lunch?
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ืฉื ืจืื” ืฉื™ืฆืื• ืœื”ืคืกืงืช ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื?
12:55
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
12:57
And some of our investigative teams
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ื•ื—ืœืง ืžืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœื ื•
13:00
have demonstrated
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ื”ืจืื•
13:02
that female stem cells --
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ืฉืชืื™ ื’ื–ืข ืžื ืฉื™ื -
13:04
and this is in animals
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ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื•ืช
13:06
and increasingly we're showing this in humans --
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ื•ืื ื• ืžืจืื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื -
13:08
that female stem cells,
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ืฉืชืื™ ื’ื–ืข ื ืงื‘ื™ื™ื,
13:10
when put even into a male body,
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ื›ืฉืฉืžื™ื ืื•ืชื ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ื–ื›ืจื™ื,
13:12
do better than male stem cells
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ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชืื™ ื’ื–ืข ื–ื›ืจื™ื™ื
13:15
going into a male body.
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ืฉืฉืžื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ื–ื›ืจื™ื
13:17
One of the things that we say
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ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื
13:19
about all of this female physiology --
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ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื ืงื‘ื™ืช -
13:21
because again, as much as we're talking about women and heart disease,
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ื›ืžื” ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ืชืงืคื™ ืœื‘,
13:24
women do, on average,
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ืœื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข
13:26
have better longevity than men --
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ื™ืฉ ืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื’ื‘ืจื™ื -
13:28
is that unfolding the secrets of female physiology
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ื—ืฉื™ืคืช ื”ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ืฉื™ื
13:31
and understanding that
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ื•ื”ื‘ื ืชื
13:33
is going to help men and women.
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ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื.
13:36
So this is not a zero-sum game in anyway.
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ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื™ื.
13:39
Okay, so here's where we started.
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ืื– ื›ืืŸ ื”ืชื—ืœื ื•.
13:41
And remember, paths crossed in 1984,
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ืชื–ื›ืจื• ืฉื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ืฆืœื‘ื• ื‘-1984,
13:45
and more and more women
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ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืฉื™ื
13:47
were dying of cardiovascular disease.
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ืžืชื• ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ ื•ื›ืœื™ ื“ื.
13:49
What has happened in the last 15 years with this work?
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ืžื” ืงืจื” ื‘-15 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื–ืืช?
13:52
We are bending the curve.
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ืื ื• ืžืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืข.
13:54
We're bending the curve.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืžืชื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืข.
13:56
So just like the breast cancer story,
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ืื– ื›ืžื• ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขื ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“,
13:59
doing research, getting awareness going,
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ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžื—ืงืจ, ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช,
14:02
it works, you just have to get it going.
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ื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืจืง ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื ื™ืข ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื.
14:05
Now are we happy with this?
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ืžืกืคืง ืื•ืชื ื•?
14:07
We still have two to three more women dying for every man.
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื ืฉื™ื ืžืชื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื’ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“.
14:10
And I would propose,
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ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืฆื™ืขื”,
14:12
with the better longevity
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ืขื ืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”
14:14
that women have overall,
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ,
14:16
that women probably should theoretically do better,
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ื”ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืชื™ืื•ืจืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ
14:18
if we could just get treated.
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ืื ืจืง ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ.
14:20
So this is where we are,
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ืื– ื›ืืŸ ืื ื• ื ืžืฆืื•ืช,
14:23
but we have a long row to hoe.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื“ืจืš ืืจื•ื›ื”.
14:25
We've worked on this for 15 years.
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ืื ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื” 15 ืฉื ื”.
14:27
And I've told you, we've been working on male-pattern heart disease
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ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™, ืื ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ืช
14:30
for 50 years.
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50 ืฉื ื”.
14:32
So we're 35 years behind.
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ืื– ืื ื• ื‘ืคื™ื’ื•ืจ ืฉืœ 35 ืฉื ื”.
14:34
And we'd like to think it's not going to take 35 years.
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ื•ืื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื™ืงื— 35 ืฉื ื”.
14:37
And in fact, it probably won't.
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ื•ื–ื”, ื›ื ืจืื”, ืœื ื™ืงื—.
14:39
But we cannot stop now.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
14:41
Too many lives are at stake.
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ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ื“ื™ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ.
14:44
So what do we need to do?
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ืื– ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช?
14:47
You now, hopefully, have a more personal relationship
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื›ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื—ื™ืกื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
14:49
with your heart.
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ืขื ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœื›ืŸ.
14:51
Women have heard the call
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ื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžืขื• ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื”
14:53
for breast cancer
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“
14:55
and they have come out
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ื”ืŸ, ื™ืฆืื• ื•ื“ื‘ืจื•
14:57
for awareness campaigns.
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ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ืœืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช.
14:59
The women are very good about getting mammograms now.
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ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ืœืžืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ื”.
15:02
And women do fundraising.
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ื•ื”ืŸ ืžื’ื™ื™ืกื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื.
15:04
Women participate.
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ื”ืŸ ืžืฉืชืชืคื•ืช.
15:06
They have put their money where their mouth is
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ื”ืŸ ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื• ื›ืกืฃ ื•ืœื ืจืง ื“ื™ื‘ืจื•
15:08
and they have done advocacy and they have joined campaigns.
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ื”ืŸ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื•, ืฉื›ื ืขื• ื•ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืœืžืื‘ืง.
15:11
This is what we need to do with heart disease now.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘.
15:14
And it's political.
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ื•ื–ื” ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™.
15:16
Women's health, from a federal funding standpoint,
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ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื”, ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืžื“ื™ื ื™,
15:19
sometimes it's popular,
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ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื–ื” ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™,
15:21
sometimes it's not so popular.
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ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื–ื” ืœื.
15:24
So we have these feast and famine cycles.
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ืžืขื’ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืจืขื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ืข.
15:26
So I implore you
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืžืชื—ื ื ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ืŸ
15:28
to join the Red Dress Campaign
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ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืžืœื” ื”ืื“ื•ืžื”
15:30
in this fundraising.
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ื‘ืืจื•ืข ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ื”ื–ื”.
15:32
Breast cancer, as we said,
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ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“, ื›ืืžื•ืจ,
15:34
kills women,
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ื”ื•ืจื’ ื ืฉื™ื,
15:36
but heart disease kills a whole bunch more.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ ื”ื•ืจื’ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
15:39
So if we can be as good as breast cancer
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ืื ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“
15:41
and give women this new charge,
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ื•ืœืชืช ืœื ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ื—ื™ืคื”,
15:43
we have a lot of lives to save.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื—ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ.
15:45
So thank you for your attention.
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ืื– ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื”ืงืฉื‘ื”.
15:47
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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