Harvey Fineberg: Are we ready for neo-evolution?

Prevoditelj: Veronika Rasic Recezent: Tilen Pigac - EFZG

How would you like to be better than you are?

Da li bi voljeli biti bolji nego što jeste?

Suppose I said

Zamislite da vam kažem

that, with just a few changes in your genes,

da sa samo par promjena u vašim genima,

you could get a better memory --

vi bi mogli imati bolju memoriju --

more precise,

više preciznu,

more accurate and quicker.

točniju i bržu.

Or maybe you'd like to be more fit, stronger,

Ili bi možda htjeli biti u boljoj formi, jači,

with more stamina.

više izdržljivi.

Would you like to be more attractive and self-confident?

Da li bi htjeli biti privlačniji i vise samouvjereni?

How about living longer with good health?

A da možete življeti dulje s dobrim zdravljem?

Or perhaps you're one of those

Ili možda ste jedni od onih

who's always yearned for more creativity.

koji su od uvijek željeli biti više kreativni.

Which one would you like the most?

Što od ovoga bi najviše voljeli?

Which would you like, if you could have just one?

Što bi vi izabrali, da možete imati samo jedno?

(Audience Member: Creativity.)

(Član publike: Kreativnost.)

Creativity.

Kreativnost.

How many people would choose creativity?

Koliko bi ljudi izabralo kreativnost?

Raise your hands. Let me see.

Podignite ruke. Da vidim.

A few. Probably about as many as there are creative people here.

Nekoliko vas. Vjerojatno onoliko koliko i ima ovdje kreativnih ljudi.

(Laughter) That's very good.

To je jako dobro.

How many would opt for memory?

Koliko vas bi izabralo memoriju?

Quite a few more.

Više vas.

How about fitness?

A dobru formu?

A few less.

Malo manje.

What about longevity?

Što je s dugovječnosti?

Ah, the majority. That makes me feel very good as a doctor.

Ah, većina. To me kao liječnika čini vrlo sretnim.

If you could have any one of these,

Da možete imati bilo koju od ovih osobina,

it would be a very different world.

bio bi to sasvim drugačiji svijet.

Is it just imaginary?

Da li je samo imaginaran?

Or, is it, perhaps, possible?

Ili je možda moguć?

Evolution has been a perennial topic

Evolucija je trajna tema

here at the TED Conference,

ovdje na TED konferenciji,

but I want to give you today

ali vam ja danas želim dati

one doctor's take on the subject.

stajalište jednog liječnika na ovu temu.

The great 20th-century geneticist,

Veliki genetičar 20. stoljeća,

T.G. Dobzhansky,

T.G. Dobzhansky,

who was also a communicant

koji je bio pričesnik

in the Russian Orthodox Church,

u ruskoj ortodoksnoj crkvi

once wrote an essay that he titled

jednom je napisao esej kojem je dao naslov

"Nothing in Biology Makes Sense

"Ništa u biologiji nema smisla

Except in the Light of Evolution."

osim u svijetlu evolucije."

Now if you are one of those

Sada, ako ste Vi jedan od onih

who does not accept the evidence for biological evolution,

koji ne prihvaća dokaze za biološku evoluciju,

this would be a very good time to turn off your hearing aid,

ovo bi bio pravi trenutak da isključite svoje slušne aparate,

take out your personal communications device --

izvadite vaš osobni komunikacijski uređaj --

I give you permission --

dajem vam dopuštenje --

and perhaps take another look at Kathryn Schultz's book on being wrong,

i možda ponovo pogledate knjigu od Kathryn Schultz o tome "kada si u krivu",

because nothing in the rest of this talk

zato što ništa u ostatku ovog govora

is going to make any sense whatsoever to you.

vam neće biti jasno.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

But if you do accept

Ali ako prihvaćate

biological evolution,

biološku evoluciju

consider this:

rezmotrite ovo:

is it just about the past,

da li je to samo o prošlosti,

or is it about the future?

ili je o budućnosti?

Does it apply to others,

Da li se odnosi na druge,

or does it apply to us?

ili na nas?

This is another look at the tree of life.

Ovo je još jedan prikaz drva života.

In this picture,

Na ovoj slici,

I've put a bush with a center branching out in all directions,

stavio sam grm sa središtem koji se grana u svim smjerovima,

because if you look at the edges

zato što ako pogledate rubove

of the tree of life,

drva života,

every existing species

svaka postojeća vrsta

at the tips of those branches

na vrhovima tih grana

has succeeded in evolutionary terms:

je uspjela u evolucijskom smislu:

it has survived;

preživjela je;

it has demonstrated a fitness

pokazala je fizičku spremu

to its environment.

za svoj okoliš.

The human part of this branch,

Ljudski dio ove grane,

way out on one end,

skroz vani na jednom kraju,

is, of course, the one that we are most interested in.

je naravno dio koji nas najviše zanima.

We branch off of a common ancestor

Mi se granamo iz zajedničkog predaka

to modern chimpanzees

modernih čimpanzi

about six or eight million years ago.

prije oko šest ili osam milijuna godina.

In the interval,

U tom intervalu,

there have been perhaps 20 or 25

bilo je možda 20 ili 25

different species of hominids.

različitih vrsta hominida.

Some have come and gone.

Neki su došli i prošli.

We have been here for about 130,000 years.

Mi smo ovdje oko 130.000 godina.

It may seem like we're quite remote

Možda izgleda kao da smo dosta udaljeni

from other parts of this tree of life,

od drugih dijelova ovog stabla života,

but actually, for the most part,

ali zapravo, većinski gledano,

the basic machinery of our cells

osnovna mašinerija naših stanica

is pretty much the same.

je manje više ista.

Do you realize that we can take advantage

Da li znate da mi možemo iskoristiti

and commandeer the machinery of a common bacterium

i upravljati mašinerijom jedne obične bakterije

to produce the protein of human insulin

kako bi ona proizvela protein ljudskog insulina

used to treat diabetics?

koji koristimo u liječenju šećerne bolesti?

This is not like human insulin;

Ovo nije kao ljudski insulin;

this is the same protein

ovo je isti protein

that is chemically indistinguishable

koji se kemijski ne razlikuje

from what comes out of your pancreas.

od onoga što izlazi iz vaše gušterače.

And speaking of bacteria,

Kada spominjem već bakterije,

do you realize that each of us carries in our gut

znate li da svatko od nas u svom probavnom sustavu nosi

more bacteria

više bakterija

than there are cells in the rest of our body?

nego što je stanica u ostatku našeg tijela?

Maybe 10 times more.

Možda 10 puta više.

I mean think of it,

Zamislite,

when Antonio Damasio asks about your self-image,

kada vas Antonio Damasio pita o vašoj slici sebe,

do you think about the bacteria?

da li mislite o bakterijama?

Our gut is a wonderfully hospitable environment

Naš je probavni sustav predivno gostoljubljiv okoliš

for those bacteria.

za te bakterije.

It's warm, it's dark, it's moist,

Toplo je, mračno, vlažno,

it's very cozy.

jako je udobno.

And you're going to provide all the nutrition that they could possibly want

Uz to, vi ćete osigurati svu potrebnu ishranu koju bi oni mogli poželjeti

with no effort on their part.

bez bilo kojeg napora s njihove strane.

It's really like an Easy Street for bacteria,

To je lagodni životni put za bakterije,

with the occasional interruption

s povremenom smetnjom

of the unintended forced rush to the exit.

zbog neželjenog prisilnog zaleta prema izlazu.

But otherwise,

Ali inače,

you are a wonderful environment for those bacteria,

vi ste predivan okoliš za te bakterije,

just as they are essential to your life.

kao i što su oni esencijalni u vašem životu.

They help in the digestion of essential nutrients,

Oni pomažu u probavljanju esencijalnih hranjivih tvari.

and they protect you against certain diseases.

I štite vas od određenih bolesti.

But what will come in the future?

Ali što će doći u budućnosti?

Are we at some kind of evolutionary equipoise

Jesmo li došli do nekakve evolucionarne ravnoteže

as a species?

kao vrsta?

Or, are we destined

Ili smo predodređeni

to become something different --

da postanemo nešto drugačije --

something, perhaps, even better adapted

možda nešto još bolje prilagođeno

to the environment?

okolišu?

Now let's take a step back in time

Ajmo sada zakoračiti nazad u vremenu

to the Big Bang, 14 billion years ago --

do Velikog Praska, prije 14 milijardi godina --

the Earth, the solar system,

Zemlja, Sunčev sustav,

about four and a half billion years --

prije oko četiri i pol milijardi godina --

the first signs of proto-life,

prvi znakovi proto-života,

maybe three to four billion years ago on Earth --

na Zemlji možda prije tri do četiri milijardi godina --

the first multi-celled organisms,

prvi višestanični organizmi,

perhaps as much

možda prije

as 800 or a billion years ago --

800 ili milijardu godina --

and then the human species,

i onda ljudska vrsta,

finally emerging

se konačno pojavila

in the last 130,000 years.

u zadnjih 130.000 godina.

In this vast unfinished symphony of the universe,

U ovom prostranom nedovršenom simfoniju svemira,

life on Earth is like a brief measure;

život na Zemlji je tek kitica;

the animal kingdom,

životinjsko carstvo,

like a single measure;

kao jedan takt;

and human life,

a ljudski život,

a small grace note.

kao mala nota.

That was us.

To smo bili mi.

That also constitutes the entertainment portion of this talk,

Također to konstatira zabavni dio ovog govora,

so I hope you enjoyed it.

nadam se da ste uživali.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Now when I was a freshman in college,

Kada sam bio brucoš na fakultetu,

I took my first biology class.

išao sam na svoj prvi kolegij iz biologije.

I was fascinated

Bio sam fasciniran

by the elegance and beauty of biology.

elegancijom i ljepotom biologije.

I became enamored of the power of evolution,

Postao sam zaljubljen u moć evolucije,

and I realized something very fundamental:

i zaključio sam nešto vrlo fundamentalno:

in most of the existence of life

u većini vremena postojanja života

in single-celled organisms,

u jednostaničnim organizmima,

each cell simply divides,

svaka stanica se jednostavno dijeli,

and all of the genetic energy of that cell

i sva genetička energija te stanice

is carried on in both daughter cells.

se prenosi na obje stanice kćeri.

But at the time multi-celled organisms come online,

Ali u trenutku kada se pojave višestanični organizmi,

things start to change.

stvari se počinju mjenjati.

Sexual reproduction enters the picture.

Javlja se seksualna reprodukcija.

And very importantly,

I što je vrlo bitno,

with the introduction of sexual reproduction

s uvođenjem seksualne reprodukcije

that passes on the genome,

koja prenosi genom,

the rest of the body

ostatak tijela

becomes expendable.

postaje potrošna roba.

In fact, you could say

Zapravo, mogli bi reći

that the inevitability of the death of our bodies

da neizbježna smrt naših tijela

enters in evolutionary time

ulazi u evolucionarno vrijeme

at the same moment

u istom momentu

as sexual reproduction.

kao i seksualna reprodukcija.

Now I have to confess,

Sada, moram priznati,

when I was a college undergraduate,

kada sam bio na fakultetu,

I thought, okay, sex/death, sex/death, death for sex --

mislio sam, ok, seks/smrt, seks/smrt, smrt za seks --

it seemed pretty reasonable at the time,

činilo se dosta razumno u to vrijeme,

but with each passing year,

ali sa svakom godinom,

I've come to have increasing doubts.

počeo sam imati sve veće sumnje.

I've come to understand the sentiments of George Burns,

Sada razumijem sentiment George-a Burns-a,

who was performing still in Las Vegas

koji je još uvijek nastupao u Las Vegasu

well into his 90s.

u svojim 90-tim godinama.

And one night, there's a knock at his hotel room door.

Jedne večeri netko mu pokuca na vrata hotelske sobe.

He answers the door.

Otvara vrata.

Standing before him is a gorgeous, scantily clad showgirl.

Ispred njega stoji predivna oskudno odjevena djevojka.

She looks at him and says,

Ona ga pogleda i kaže,

"I'm here for super sex."

"Ja sam ovdje za super seks."

"That's fine," says George, "I'll take the soup."

"To je u redu," kaže George, "Ja ću uzeti juhu."

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

I came to realize,

Shvatio sam

as a physician,

da sam kao liječnik

that I was working toward a goal

radio prema cilju

which was different from the goal of evolution --

koji je drugačiji od cilja evolucije --

not necessarily contradictory, just different.

ne nužno kontradiktorni, samo drugačiji.

I was trying to preserve the body.

Ja sam pokušavao održati tijelo.

I wanted to keep us healthy.

Htio sam da ostanemo zdravi.

I wanted to restore health from disease.

Htio sam vratiti zdravlje kod bolesti.

I wanted us to live long and healthy lives.

Želio sam da živimo duge i zdrave živote.

Evolution is all about passing on the genome

Evolucija samo želi prenijeti genom

to the next generation,

na slijedeću generaciju,

adapting and surviving

adaptirajući se i preživljavajući

through generation after generation.

iz generacije u generaciju.

From an evolutionary point of view,

S evolucionarnog stajališta,

you and I are like the booster rockets

vi i ja smo kao booster rakete

designed to send the genetic payload

dizajnirani kako bi poslali genetički materijal

into the next level of orbit

u slijedeći nivo orbite

and then drop off into the sea.

i onda padnemo u more.

I think we would all understand the sentiment that Woody Allen expressed

Mislim da bi svi mogli razumjeti razmišljanje Woody-a Allena

when he said, "I don't want to achieve immortality through my work.

kada je rekao, "Ja ne želim postići besmrtnost kroz svoj rad.

I want to achieve it through not dying."

Ja je želim postići tako da ne umrem."

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Evolution does not necessarily

Evolucija ne mora nužno

favor the longest-lived.

preferirati najdugovječnijeg.

It doesn't necessarily favor the biggest

Niti nužno mora preferirati najvećeg

or the strongest or the fastest,

niti najjačeg niti najbržeg,

and not even the smartest.

čak niti najpametnijeg.

Evolution favors

Evolucija preferira

those creatures best adapted

ona stvorenja koja su najbolje prilagođena

to their environment.

svome okolišu.

That is the sole test

To je jedini test

of survival and success.

za preživljavanje i uspijeh.

At the bottom of the ocean,

Na dnu oceana,

bacteria that are thermophilic

termofilne bakterije

and can survive at the steam vent heat

mogu preživjeti vrućinu parnog ventila

that would otherwise produce, if fish were there,

koja bi inače proizvela, da su tamo ribe,

sous-vide cooked fish,

sous-vide kuhanu ribu,

nevertheless, have managed

bezobzira na to, oni su uspjeli

to make that a hospitable environment for them.

to pretvoriti u, za njih, gostoljubiv okoliš.

So what does this mean,

Što bi to značilo,

as we look back at what has happened in evolution,

kada pogledamo nazad na događaje u evoluciji,

and as we think about the place again

i kada ponovo pomislimo na mjesto

of humans in evolution,

ljudi u evoluciji,

and particularly as we look ahead

pogotovo kada gledamo u budućnost

to the next phase,

na slijedeću fazu,

I would say

ja bih rekao

that there are a number of possibilities.

da postoje brojne mogućnosti.

The first is that we will not evolve.

Prvo, da nećemo evoluirati.

We have reached

Da smo dosegli

a kind of equipoise.

vrstu ravnoteže.

And the reasoning behind that would be,

Objašnjenje iza ovoga bi bilo,

first, we have, through medicine,

prvo, da smo kroz medicinu,

managed to preserve a lot of genes

uspjeli održati mnoge gene

that would otherwise be selected out

koji bi inače bili odabrani za propast

and be removed from the population.

i bili uklonjeni iz populacije.

And secondly, we as a species

Drugo, mi smo kao vrsta

have so configured our environment

promijenili naš okoliš tako

that we have managed to make it adapt to us

da smo ga prilagodili prema sebi samima

as well as we adapt to it.

kao što se mi prilagođavamo njemu.

And by the way, we immigrate and circulate

Još uz to, mi imigriramo i cirkuliramo

and intermix so much

i mješamo se toliko

that you can't any longer

da se ne može više

have the isolation that is necessary

uspostaviti izolacija koja je potrebna

for evolution to take place.

da bi se desila evolucija.

A second possibility

Druga mogućnost

is that there will be evolution of the traditional kind,

je da će biti evolucija tradicionalne vrste,

natural, imposed by the forces of nature.

prirodna, određena prirodnim silama.

And the argument here would be

Argument za ovo bi bio

that the wheels of evolution grind slowly,

da kotači evolucije se sporo okreću,

but they are inexorable.

ali su neumoljivi.

And as far as isolation goes,

Što se tiće izolacije,

when we as a species

kada mi kao vrsta

do colonize distant planets,

koloniziramo udaljene planete,

there will be the isolation and the environmental changes

biti će izolacije i okolišnih promjena

that could produce evolution

koji bi mogli proizvesti evoluciju

in the natural way.

na prirodan način.

But there's a third possibility,

Ali postoji i treća mogućnost,

an enticing, intriguing and frightening possibility.

namamljiva, intrigantna i zastrašujuća mogućnost.

I call it neo-evolution --

Zovem je neo-evolucija --

the new evolution

nova evolucija

that is not simply natural,

koja nije jednostavno prirodna,

but guided and chosen

nego je vođena i izabrana

by us as individuals

od nas kao pojedinaca

in the choices that we will make.

putem odluka koje radimo.

Now how could this come about?

Sada, kako bi moglo doći do ovoga?

How could it be possible that we would do this?

Kako je uopće moguće da bi mi to radili?

Consider, first, the reality

Uzmite u obzir realnost

that people today, in some cultures,

da danas ljudi, u nekim kulturama,

are making choices about their offspring.

odlučuju o svojemu potomstvu.

They're, in some cultures,

U nekim kulturama,

choosing to have more males than females.

odlučuju imati više muške nego ženske djece.

It's not necessarily good for the society,

To nije nužno dobro za društvo,

but it's what the individual and the family are choosing.

ali je to ono što individualac i obitelj biraju.

Think also,

Zamislite isto tako,

if it were possible ever

kada bi bilo moguće

for you to choose, not simply to choose the sex of your child,

ne samo da jednostavno izaberete spol svojeg djeteta,

but for you in your body

nego da i vi u vašem tijelu

to make the genetic adjustments

možete raditi genetička podešavanja

that would cure or prevent diseases.

koja bi izliječila ili prevenirala bolesti.

What if you could make the genetic changes

Što da možete promjeniti gene tako

to eliminate diabetes or Alzheimer's

da eliminirate šečernu bolest ili Alzheimer

or reduce the risk of cancer

ili reducirate rizik za rak

or eliminate stroke?

ili eliminirate moždani udar?

Wouldn't you want

Da li bi htjeli

to make those changes

napraviti te promjene

in your genes?

u svojim genima?

If we look ahead,

Ako pogledamo u budućnost,

these kind of changes

ovakve će promjene

are going to be increasingly possible.

biti sve više moguće.

The Human Genome Project

Projekt ljudskog genoma

started in 1990,

započet je 1990.,

and it took 13 years.

i trajao je 13 godina.

It cost 2.7 billion dollars.

Koštao je 2,7 milijardi dolara.

The year after it was finished in 2004,

Godinu dana nakon završetka, u 2004.,

you could do the same job

mogli bi napraviti isti posao

for 20 million dollars in three to four months.

za 20 milijuna dolara u tri do četiri mjeseca.

Today, you can have a complete sequence

Danas, možemo imati kompletnu sekvencu

of the three billion base pairs in the human genome

od tri milijardi parova baza ljudskog genoma

at a cost of about 20,000 dollars

za cijenu od oko 20.000 dolara

and in the space of about a week.

u vremenskom razdoblju od oko jednog tjedna.

It won't be very long

Uskoro će biti

before the reality will be

realnost

the 1,000-dollar human genome,

ljudski genom za 1.000 dolara,

and it will be increasingly available for everyone.

i postati će više dostupan svima.

Just a week ago,

Prije samo tjedan dana,

the National Academy of Engineering

nacionalna akademija inžinjerstva

awarded its Draper Prize

je podjelila nagradu Draper

to Francis Arnold and Willem Stemmer,

Francis-u Arnold-u i Willem-u Stemmer-u,

two scientists who independently developed techniques

dvjema znanstvenicima koji su samostalno razvili tehnike

to encourage the natural process of evolution to work faster

koje potiču prirodni proces evolucije da radi brže

and to lead to desirable proteins

i da pritom dovodi to stvaranja poželjnih proteina

in a more efficient way --

na više efikasan način --

what Frances Arnold calls "directed evolution."

ovo Frances Arnold naziva "direktna evolucija."

A couple of years ago, the Lasker Prize

Prije par godina, nagrada Lasker

was awarded to the scientist Shinya Yamanaka

je bila dodjeljena znanstveniku Shinya-u Yamanaka-u

for his research

za njegov istaživački rad

in which he took an adult skin cell,

u kojem je uzeo zrelu kožnu stanicu,

a fibroblast,

fibroblast,

and by manipulating just four genes,

i putem manipulacije samo četiri gena,

he induced that cell

inducirao stanicu

to revert to a pluripotential stem cell --

da se vrati u pluripotentnu matičnu stanicu --

a cell potentially capable

stanica koja ima potencijal

of becoming any cell in your body.

postati bilo koja stanica u vašem tijelu.

These changes are coming.

Ove promjene dolaze.

The same technology

Ista tehnologija

that has produced the human insulin in bacteria

koja je proizvela ljudski inzulin u bakteriji

can make viruses

može proizvesti viruse

that will not only protect you against themselves,

koje će ne samo štititi vas od njih samih,

but induce immunity against other viruses.

već će i inducirati imunost protiv drugih virusa.

Believe it or not,

Vjerovali ili ne,

there's an experimental trial going on

provodi se eksperimentalno istraživanje

with vaccine against influenza

sa cjepivom protiv gripe

that has been grown in the cells of a tobacco plant.

koji je proizveden iz stanica biljke duhana.

Can you imagine something good coming out of tobacco?

Možete li zamisliti da bi nešto dobro moglo nastati iz duhana?

These are all reality today,

Ovo je sve danas realnost,

and [in] the future, will be evermore possible.

i u budućnosti biti će sve više toga moguće.

Imagine then

Zamislite onda

just two other little changes.

samo još dvije druge male promjene.

You can change the cells in your body,

Možete mjenjati stanice u svom tijelu,

but what if you could change the cells in your offspring?

ali što bi bilo da možete mjenjati stanice vaših potomaka?

What if you could change the sperm and the ova,

Da možete promjeniti spermu i jajnu stanicu,

or change the newly fertilized egg,

ili promjeniti novo fertiliziranu jajnu stanicu,

and give your offspring a better chance

i dati vašim potomcima bolju šansu

at a healthier life --

za zdraviji život --

eliminate the diabetes, eliminate the hemophilia,

eliminirati šećernu bolest, eliminirati hemofiliju,

reduce the risk of cancer?

smanjiti rizik za rak?

Who doesn't want healthier children?

Tko ne želi imati zdraviju djecu?

And then, that same analytic technology,

I onda, ta ista analitička tehnologija,

that same engine of science

taj isti motor znanosti

that can produce

koji može proizvesti

the changes to prevent disease,

promjene za prevenciju bolesti,

will also enable us

će isto tako nam omogućiti

to adopt super-attributes,

prisvajanje super-atributa,

hyper-capacities --

hiper-mogućnosti --

that better memory.

onu bolju memoriju.

Why not have the quick wit

Zašto ne imati brzu pamet

of a Ken Jennings,

kao Ken Jennings,

especially if you can augment it

pogotovo ako je možete povećati

with the next generation of the Watson machine?

sa slijedećom generacijom Watsonova stroja?

Why not have the quick twitch muscle

Zašto ne bi imali brzo reagirajuće mišiće

that will enable you to run faster and longer?

koji vam omogućuju da trčite brže i duže?

Why not live longer?

Zašto ne bi živjeli duže?

These will be irresistible.

Ove mogućnosti će biti neodoljive.

And when we are at a position

A mi smo u poziciji

where we can pass it on to the next generation,

da ih možemo prenijeti na slijedeću generaciju,

and we can adopt the attributes we want,

i možemo prisvojiti atribute koje želimo,

we will have converted

pretvorili bi

old-style evolution

staromodnu evoluciju

into neo-evolution.

u neo-evoluciju.

We'll take a process

Uzeti ćemo proces

that normally might require 100,000 years,

koji normalno traje možda nekih 100.000 godina,

and we can compress it down to a thousand years --

i možemo ga suzbiti na tisuću godina --

and maybe even in the next 100 years.

ili možda čak u slijedećih 100 godina.

These are choices

Ovo su odluke

that your grandchildren,

koje će vaši unuci,

or their grandchildren,

ili njihovi unuci,

are going to have before them.

imati pred sobom.

Will we use these choices

Hoćemo li koristiti ove odluke

to make a society that is better,

kako bi stvorili bolje društvo,

that is more successful, that is kinder?

koje je uspješnije, koje je više suosjećajno?

Or, will we selectively choose different attributes

Ili ćemo selektivno birati različte atribute

that we want for some of us

koje želimo za samo neke od nas

and not for others of us?

a ne za ostale?

Will we make a society

Hoćemo li stvoriti društvo

that is more boring and more uniform,

koje je dosadno i više uniformirano,

or more robust and more versatile?

ili više robusno i svestrano?

These are the kinds of questions

Ovo su vrste pitanja

that we will have to face.

s kojima ćemo se suočiti.

And most profoundly of all,

I najtemeljitije od svega,

will we ever be able to develop the wisdom,

da li ćemo ikada moći razviti mudrost,

and to inherit the wisdom,

i naslijediti mudrost,

that we'll need to make these choices wisely?

koja će nam trebati kako bi ove odluke mudro donijeli?

For better or worse,

Za bolje ili lošije,

and sooner than you may think,

i prije nego što mislite,

these choices will be up to us.

ove će odluke biti na nama.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)