Alejandro Aravena: My architectural philosophy? Bring the community into the process

720,510 views ใƒป 2014-11-06

TED


ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ.

ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…: Eman Abdel-Gawad ุงู„ู…ุฏู‚ู‘ู‚: Mohamed Gouraizim
00:12
If there's any power in design,
0
12724
2704
ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฃูŠ ู‚ูˆุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุตู…ูŠู…
00:15
that's the power of synthesis.
1
15428
2343
ูู‡ูŠ ุชูƒู…ู†ู ููŠ ู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุชูˆู„ูŠู.
00:17
The more complex the problem,
2
17771
1695
ูƒู„ู…ุง ุงุดุชุฏ ุชุนู‚ูŠุฏ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉุŒ
00:19
the more the need for simplicity.
3
19466
2501
ูƒุงู†ุช ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจุณุงุทุฉ.
00:21
So allow me to share three cases
4
21967
2337
ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงุณู…ุญูˆุง ู„ูŠ ุฃู† ุฃูุดุฑูƒูƒูู… ููŠ
00:24
where we tried to apply
5
24304
1810
ุงู„ุชุทุฑู‘ูู‚ ุฅู„ู‰ ุซู„ุงุซ ุญุงู„ุงุชูุŒ
00:26
design's power of synthesis.
6
26114
3003
ุญุงูˆู„ู†ุง ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง ุฅุนู…ุงู„ ุฏูู‚ู‘ุฉ ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุจ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุชุตู…ูŠู….
00:29
Let's start with the global challenge of urbanization.
7
29117
4101
ูู„ู†ุจุฏุฃ ู…ุน ุงู„ุชู‘ุญุฏูŠ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠ ู„ู„ุชู‘ู‹ู…ุฏู‘ูู†:
00:33
It's a fact that people are moving towards cities.
8
33218
3678
ุฅู†ู‡ุง ู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ู†ุฒูˆุญ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ู†ุญูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ุŒ
00:36
and even if counterintuitive, it's good news.
9
36896
3465
ูˆู‡ูŠ ุจูุดุฑู‰ ูˆุฅู†ู’ ุฌุงู†ุจุช ุงู„ุจุฏุงู‡ุฉ.
00:40
Evidence shows that people are better off in cities.
10
40361
4083
ุฅุฐ ุชูุดูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฏู„ุงุฆู„ู ุฃู†ู‘ ุงู„ู†ู‘ุงุณูŽ ุฃุญุณู†ู ุญุงู„ุงู‹ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูุฏู†ู.
00:44
But there's a problem that I would call
11
44444
2149
ู„ูƒู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉูŒ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุฃูุณู…ู‘ูŠู‡ุง
00:46
the "3S" menace:
12
46593
2306
ุจุงู„ุชู‡ุฏูŠุฏุงุช ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ:
00:48
The scale, speed, and scarcity of means
13
48899
2733
ุญุฌู… ุงู„ูˆุณุงุฆู„ ูˆุณุฑุนุชู‡ุง ูˆู†ูุฏุฑุชู‡ุง
00:51
with which we will have to respond to this phenomenon
14
51632
3195
ุงู„ุชูŠ ู„ุงุจุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู„ู…ูุฌุงุจู‡ุฉู ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุธุงู‡ุฑุฉุŒ
00:54
has no precedence in history.
15
54827
2638
ู„ูŠุณุช ู„ู‡ุง ุณุงุจูู‚ุฉูŒ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ.
00:57
For you to have an idea,
16
57465
1189
ู„ูƒูŠ ุชูƒูˆู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒู… ููƒุฑุฉุŒ
00:58
out of the three billion people living in cities today,
17
58654
3226
ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู…ู„ูŠุงุฑุงุช ุดุฎุต ุจุงู„ู…ุฏู† ุงู„ูŠูˆู…ุŒ
01:01
one billion are under the line of poverty.
18
61880
3391
ู…ู„ูŠุงุฑ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ูŠุนูŠุด ุชุญุช ุฎุท ุงู„ูู‚ุฑ.
01:05
By 2030, out of the five billion people
19
65271
3939
ุจุญู„ูˆู„ ุณู†ุฉ (ูขู ูฃู )ุŒ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฎู…ุณุฉ ู…ู„ูŠุงุฑุงุช ุดุฎุต
01:09
that will be living in cities,
20
69210
2270
ุงู„ุชูŠ ุณุชู‚ุทูู†ู ุงู„ู…ูุฏู†ูŽุŒ
01:11
two billion are going to be under the line of poverty.
21
71480
3357
ู…ู„ูŠุงุฑุงู† ุณูŠุนูŠุดูˆู† ุชุญุช ุฎุท ุงู„ูู‚ุฑ.
01:14
That means that we will have to build
22
74837
4429
ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ู‘ู‡ู ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุจู†ุงุกู
01:21
a one million-person city per week
23
81605
6840
ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ู„ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุดุฎุต ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน
01:30
with 10,000 dollars per family
24
90114
5558
ุจู…ู‚ุฏุงุฑ (ูกู ู ู ู ) ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ู„ู„ุนุงุฆู„ุฉู ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ
01:35
during the next 15 years.
25
95672
1810
ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุฃุนูˆุงู… ุงู„ู€ (ูกูฅ) ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ.
01:37
A one million-person city per week
26
97482
2724
ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉูŒ ู„ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุดุฎุต ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน
01:40
with 10,000 dollars per family.
27
100206
2124
ุจู…ู‚ุฏุงุฑ(ูกู ู ู ู ) ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ู„ู„ุนุงุฆู„ุฉู ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ!
01:42
If we don't solve this equation,
28
102330
1665
ุฅู† ู„ู… ู†ูŽุญูู„ู‘ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉุŒ
01:43
it is not that people will stop coming to cities.
29
103995
2048
ูู‡ุฐุง ู„ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู† ู†ูุฒููˆุญ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ู„ู„ู…ุฏู† ุณูŠุชูˆู‚ูู.
01:46
They will come anyhow,
30
106043
1909
ุฅุฐู’ ุณูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ุจุฐู„ูƒ ุจุฃูŠู‘ู ุดูƒู„ูุŒ
01:47
but they will live in slums, favelas
31
107952
3006
ู„ูƒู†ู‘ู‡ู… ุณูŠุนูŠุดูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงุก ุงู„ูู‚ูŠุฑุฉ ูˆุฃุญูŠุงุก ุงู„ุตู‘ููŠุญ
01:50
and informal settlements.
32
110958
1410
ูˆุงู„ุจู†ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ุนุดูˆุงุฆูŠุฉ.
01:52
So what to do? Well, an answer may come
33
112368
2878
ู…ุง ุงู„ุนู…ู„ู ุฅุฐู‹ุงุŸ ุญุณู†ู‹ุงุŒ ุฑูุจู‘ู…ุง ุชุฃุชูŠ ุงู„ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ
01:55
from favelas and slums themselves.
34
115246
4594
ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงุก ุงู„ูู‚ูŠุฑุฉ ูˆุฃุญูŠุงุก ุงู„ุตููŠุญ ู†ูุณู‡ุง.
01:59
A clue could be in this question we were asked
35
119840
3593
ูˆู„ุนู„ู‘ ู…ูุชุงุญูŽ ุงู„ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ ูŠูƒู…ูู† ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุทู‘ู„ุจ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู‚ูุฏู‘ูู… ุฅู„ูŠู†ุง
02:03
10 years ago.
36
123433
1457
ู…ู†ุฐ (ูกู ) ุณู†ูˆุงุชู.
02:04
We were asked to accommodate 100 families
37
124890
3631
ุญูŠุซ ุทูู„ูุจ ู…ู†ู‘ุง ุฅูŠูˆุงุกูŽ (ูกู ู ) ุนุงุฆู„ุฉ
02:08
that had been occupying illegally
38
128521
2418
ูƒุงู†ุช ู‚ุฏ ุงุญุชู„ุชุŒ ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุบูŠุฑ ู‚ุงู†ูˆู†ูŠุฉุŒ
02:10
half a hectare in the center
39
130939
2295
ู†ุตู ู‡ูƒุชุงุฑ ููŠ ูˆุณุท
02:13
of the city of Iquique in the north of Chile
40
133234
2900
ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ยซุฅูƒูŠูƒูŠยป ุดู…ุงู„ ุชุดูŠู„ูŠุ›
02:16
using a $10,000 subsidy
41
136134
2928
ู…ูุณุชุนูŠู†ูŠู† ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ุจู…ุจู„ุบ (ูกู ู ู ู ) ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠ ูƒุฅุนุงู†ุฉ ู…ุงู„ูŠุฉุŒ
02:19
with which we had to buy the land,
42
139062
3114
ุจู‡ ูƒุงู† ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุดุฑุงุกู ุงู„ุฃุฑุถ
02:22
provide the infrastructure,
43
142176
1733
ูˆุชูˆููŠุฑ ุงู„ุจู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุญุชูŠู‘ุฉ
02:23
and build the houses that, in the best of the cases,
44
143909
3321
ูˆุจู†ุงุกู ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุฒู„ ุงู„ุชูŠุŒ ููŠ ุฃุญุณู† ุงู„ุฃุญูˆุงู„ุŒ
02:27
would be of around 40 square meters.
45
147230
3664
ุณุชูƒูˆู†ู ู…ุณุงุญุชูู‡ุง ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ (ูคู ) ู…ุชุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฑุจุนู‹ุง.
02:30
And by the way, they said,
46
150894
2205
ูˆูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆู†ุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ููƒุฑุฉุŒ
02:33
the cost of the land,
47
153099
1651
ุฃู†ู‘ ุซู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุฑุถุŒ
02:34
because it's in the center of the city,
48
154750
2056
ูƒูˆู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ูˆุณุท ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉุŒ
02:36
is three times more
49
156806
1744
ูŠููˆู‚ ุซู„ุงุซ ู…ุฑู‘ุงุช
02:38
than what social housing can normally afford.
50
158550
3558
ู…ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชูˆูู‘ูุฑู‡ู ู…ุคุณุณุงุช ุงู„ุฅุณูƒุงู† ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠ.
02:42
Due to the difficulty of the question,
51
162108
2226
ูˆู†ุธุฑู‹ุง ู„ุตุนูˆุจุฉ ุงู„ุทู„ุจุŒ
02:44
we decided to include the families
52
164334
2182
ู‚ูŽุฑุฑู†ุง ุฅุดุฑุงูƒ ุงู„ุฃูุณุฑ
02:46
in the process of understanding the constraints,
53
166516
4096
ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ูู‡ู… ุงู„ุนูˆุงุฆู‚.
02:50
and we started a participatory design process,
54
170612
2581
ุญูŠุซู ุจุฏุฃู†ุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุฎุทูŠุท ุชุดุงุฑูƒูŠุฉ
02:53
and testing what was available there in the market.
55
173193
3647
ูˆุงุฎุชุจุงุฑ ู…ุง ุชูˆูู‘ูŽุฑ ุขู†ุฐุงูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ุณูˆู‚:
02:56
Detached houses,
56
176840
1698
ู…ู†ุงุฒู„ูŒ ู…ู†ูุตู„ุฉุŒ
02:58
30 families could be accommodated.
57
178538
2956
ุชู…ูƒู† ู…ู† ุงุณุชูŠุนุงุจ (ูฃู ) ุนุงุฆู„ุฉ.
03:01
Row houses, 60 families.
58
181494
3962
ู…ู†ุงุฒู„ ู…ูุชู‘ุตู„ุฉุŒ (ูฆู ) ุนุงุฆู„ุฉ.
03:05
["100 families"] The only way to accommodate all of them
59
185456
3142
[(ูกู ู ) ุฃุณุฑุฉ] ูˆูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ูˆุญูŠุฏุฉ ู„ุงุณุชูŠุนุงุจู‡ุง ูƒู„ู‘ู‡ุง
03:08
was by building in height,
60
188598
2322
ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุงุฑุชูุงุน ููŠ ุงู„ุจู†ุงุก.
03:10
and they threatened us
61
190920
1632
ุซู… ู‡ุฏุฏูˆู†ุง
03:12
to go on a hunger strike
62
192552
2308
ุจุงู„ุฏุฎูˆู„ ููŠ ุฅุถุฑุงุจ ุนู† ุงู„ุทุนุงู…
03:14
if we even dared to offer this
63
194860
2298
ุฅู† ู„ู… ู†ุฌุฑุค ุญุชู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ุชู‚ุฏูŠู… ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ู‚ุชุฑุญ
03:17
as a solution,
64
197158
1426
ูƒุญู„ุŒ
03:18
because they could not make the tiny apartments
65
198584
3071
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุจุฅู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ู…
03:21
expand.
66
201655
1454
ุชูˆุณูŠุน ุดูู‚ู‚ู‡ู… ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ.
03:23
So the conclusion with the families โ€”
67
203109
2689
ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ุฎู„ุงุตุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ุฃุณุฑ
03:25
and this is important, not our conclusion โ€”
68
205798
1878
-ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู…ูู‡ู…ู‘ุŒ ูู‡ูŠ ู„ูŠุณุช ุฎูู„ุงุตุชู†ุง-
03:27
with the families, was that we had a problem.
69
207676
2531
ุฃู†ู‘ู†ุง ู†ูˆุงุฌู‡ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ.
03:30
We had to innovate.
70
210207
1738
ููƒุงู† ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุงู„ุงุจุชูƒุงุฑ.
03:31
So what did we do?
71
211945
2666
ู…ุงุฐุง ูุนู„ู†ุง ุฅุฐู‹ุงุŸ
03:35
Well, a middle-class family
72
215720
3899
ุญุณู†ู‹ุงุŒ ุชุนูŠุด ุฃุณุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุทุจู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชูˆุณู‘ุทุฉ
03:39
lives reasonably well
73
219619
2880
ุจุดูƒู„ ู…ุนู‚ูˆู„
03:42
in around 80 square meters,
74
222499
2351
ููŠ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ (ูจู ) ู…ุชุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฑุจุนู‹ุง.
03:44
but when there's no money,
75
224850
1672
ู„ูƒู† ุญูŠู† ู„ุง ูŠูˆุฌุฏ ู…ุงู„ุŒ
03:46
what the market does
76
226522
1342
ู…ุง ูŠูุนู„ู‡ ุงู„ุณูˆู‚
03:47
is to reduce the size of the house
77
227864
4258
ู‡ูˆ ุฎูุถ ู…ุณุงุญุฉ ุงู„ู…ู†ุฒู„
03:52
to 40 square meters.
78
232122
2849
ุฅู„ู‰ (ูคู ) ู…ุชุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฑุจุนู‹ุง.
03:54
What we said was,
79
234971
1748
ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุงู‡ ูƒุงู†:
03:56
what if,
80
236719
2520
ู…ุงุฐุง ู„ูˆุŒ
04:00
instead of thinking of 40 square meters
81
240845
4533
ุนูˆุถู‹ุง ุนู† ุงู„ุชููƒูŠุฑ ููŠ (ูคู ) ู…ุชุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฑุจู‘ุนู‹ุง
04:05
as a small house,
82
245378
2681
ูƒู…ุณุงุญุฉ ู„ุจูŠุช ุตุบูŠุฑุŒ
04:08
why don't we consider it
83
248059
2326
ู„ู…ุง ู„ุง ู†ุชุตูˆู‘ุฑู‡ุง ู…ุณุงุญุฉู‹
04:10
half of a good one?
84
250385
2806
ู„ู†ุตู ู…ู†ุฒู„ ุฌูŠู‘ุฏุŸ
04:13
When you rephrase the problem
85
253191
1767
ุนู†ุฏ ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุตูŠุงุบุฉ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ
04:14
as half of a good house
86
254958
2706
ุนู„ู‰ ู†ุตู ู…ู†ุฒู„ ุฌูŠู‘ุฏ
04:17
instead of a small one,
87
257664
1635
ุจุฏู„ุงู‹ ู…ู† ุขุฎุฑ ุตุบูŠุฑุŒ
04:19
the key question is, which half do we do?
88
259299
3209
ูุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ู‡ูˆ ุฃูŠ ู†ุตู ู†ูุดูŠุฏุŸ
04:22
And we thought we had to do with public money
89
262508
2702
ุงุนุชู‚ุฏู†ุง ุฃู†ู‡ ูƒุงู† ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุงุณุชุนู…ุงู„ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ุงู„ุนุงู…
04:25
the half that families won't be able to do individually.
90
265210
5409
ููŠ ุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ุดุทุฑ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุณูŠุณุชุนุตูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃูุณุฑ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡ ูˆุญุฏู‡ุง.
04:30
We identified five design conditions
91
270619
2528
ุญุฏู‘ุฏู†ุง ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุดุฑูˆุท ู„ู„ุชุตู…ูŠู…
04:33
that belonged to the hard half of a house,
92
273147
2358
ุชุชุนู„ู‚ ุจุงู„ู†ุตู ุงู„ุฃุตุนุจ ู„ู„ู…ุณูƒู†
04:35
and we went back to the families to do two things:
93
275505
3096
ุซู… ุนุฏู†ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู‡ุงู„ูŠ ู„ู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจุดูŠุฆูŠู† ุงุซู†ูŠู†:
04:38
join forces and split tasks.
94
278601
3999
ุฌู…ุนู ุงู„ู‚ูˆู‰ ูˆุชู‚ุณูŠู… ุงู„ู…ู‡ุงู…ู‘ู.
04:42
Our design was something in between
95
282600
2984
ุชุตู…ูŠู…ู†ุง ูƒุงู† ุดูŠุฆู‹ุง ู…ุง ุจูŠู†
04:45
a building and a house.
96
285584
2681
ู…ุจู†ู‰ ูˆู…ู†ุฒู„ูุ›
04:48
As a building, it could pay
97
288265
2092
ูู‡ูˆ ูƒู…ุจู†ู‰ ูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ู‡ ุชุบุทูŠุฉู
04:50
for expensive, well-located land,
98
290357
2992
ุงู„ุชูƒู„ูุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุฃุฑุถ ุฐุงุช ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ุงู„ุฌูŠู‘ุฏุŒ
04:53
and as a house, it could expand.
99
293349
3621
ูˆูƒู…ู†ุฒู„ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุชูˆุณู‘ูุน ููŠู‡.
04:56
If, in the process of not being expelled
100
296970
2584
ูˆู„ูˆุŒ ุฅู† ู„ู… ูŠู‚ุน ุทุฑุฏู‡ู… ู†ุญูˆ
04:59
to the periphery while getting a house,
101
299554
2366
ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ู…ุญูŠุทุฉ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุญุตูˆู„ู‡ู… ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุณูƒู†ุŒ
05:01
families kept their network and their jobs,
102
301920
2813
ุญุงูุธุช ุงู„ุฃูŽุณุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุดุจูƒุฉ ุนู„ุงู‚ุงุชู‡ุง ูˆุฃุนู…ุงู„ู‡ุงุŒ
05:04
we knew that the expansion would begin right away.
103
304733
4247
ูุฅู†ู‘ู†ุง ูƒู†ู‘ุง ู†ุนู„ู…ู ุฃู†ู‘ ุงู„ุชูˆุณู‘ุน ูƒุงู† ุณูŠุจุฏุฃู ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ููˆุฑ.
05:08
So we went from this initial social housing
104
308980
4556
ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู†ุชู‚ู„ู†ุง ู…ู† ููƒุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฅุณูƒุงู† ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ูŠู‘
05:13
to a middle-class unit achieved by families themselves
105
313536
4394
ุฅู„ู‰ ูˆุญุฏุฉ ุณูƒู†ูŠุฉ ู„ุทุจู‚ุฉ ู…ุชูˆุณุทุฉ ุฃู†ุฌุฒุชู‡ุง ุงู„ุฃุณุฑ ุจู†ูุณู‡ุง
05:17
within a couple of weeks.
106
317930
2736
ุฎู„ุงู„ ุจุถุนุฉ ุฃุณุงุจูŠุน.
05:20
This was our first project
107
320666
1773
ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูˆู‘ู„ ู…ุดุฑูˆุน ู„ู†ุง
05:22
in Iquique 10 years ago.
108
322439
2327
ููŠยซ ุฅูƒูŠูƒูŠยป ู‚ุจู„ (ูกู ) ุฃุนูˆุงู….
05:24
This is our last project in Chile.
109
324766
3477
ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุขุฎุฑ ู…ุดุฑูˆุน ู„ู†ุง ููŠ ุชุดูŠู„ูŠ.
05:28
Different designs, same principle:
110
328243
2951
ุชุตุงู…ูŠู… ู…ูุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู…ุจุฏุฃ ู‡ูˆ ุฐุงุชู‡:
05:31
You provide the frame,
111
331194
1566
ุชูˆูู‘ูุฑู ุฃู†ุช ุงู„ุฅุทุงุฑุŒ
05:32
and from then on, families take over.
112
332760
3838
ูˆุงู†ุทู„ุงู‚ู‹ุง ู…ู† ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ุชุชูˆู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃูุณุฑู ุงู„ุจุงู‚ูŠ.
05:36
So the purpose of design,
113
336598
4100
ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูุฅู†ู‘ ุงู„ุบุฑุถ ู…ู† ุงู„ุชุตู…ูŠู…ุŒ
05:40
trying to understand and trying to give an answer
114
340698
3010
ุนู†ุฏ ู…ุญุงูˆู„ุฉ ูู‡ู… ูˆุฅูŠุฌุงุฏ ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ
05:43
to the "3S" menace,
115
343708
1652
ู„ู„ุชู‡ุฏูŠุฏุงุช ุงู„(ูฃ)ุŒ
05:45
scale, speed, and scarcity,
116
345360
1466
ุญุฌู…ู ูˆุณุฑุนุฉู ูˆู†ูุฏุฑุฉู ุงู„ูˆุณุงุฆู„ุŒ
05:46
is to channel people's own building capacity.
117
346826
3483
ู‡ูˆ ุชูˆุฌูŠู‡ู ู‚ุฏูุฑุฉู ุงู„ู†ู‘ุงุณ ุงู„ุฎุงุตุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจู†ุงุก.
05:50
We won't solve the one million people per week equation
118
350309
4405
ูุฅู†ู†ุง ู„ู† ู†ุญูู„ู‘ูŽ ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุดุฎุต ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุนุŒ
05:54
unless we use people's own power for building.
119
354714
4685
ุฅู† ู„ู… ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… ู‚ูุฏุฑุฉ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ุฎุงุตุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจู†ุงุก.
05:59
So, with the right design,
120
359399
2235
ู‡ูƒุฐุงุŒ ู…ุน ุงุณุชุนู…ุงู„ ุงู„ุชุฎุทูŠุท ุงู„ุตู‘ุงุฆุจุŒ
06:01
slums and favelas may not be the problem
121
361634
3401
ุฑูุจู‘ู…ุง ู„ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ุฃุญูŠุงุก ุงู„ุตููŠุญ ูˆุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงุก ุงู„ูู‚ูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉุŒ
06:05
but actually the only possible solution.
122
365035
3749
ุจู„ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุงู„ุญู„ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ูˆุญูŠุฏ ุงู„ู…ู…ูƒู†.
06:08
The second case is how design can contribute
123
368784
3035
ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ูู‡ูŠ ุญูˆู„ ู…ุณุงู‡ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชุฎุทูŠุท
06:11
to sustainability.
124
371819
2052
ููŠ ุงู„ุงุณุชุฏุงู…ุฉ.
06:13
In 2012, we entered the competition
125
373871
2393
ููŠ ุนุงู… (ูขู ูกูข)ุŒ ุฏุฎู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ
06:16
for the Angelini Innovation Center,
126
376264
2566
ุงู„ุฎุงุตุฉ ุจ(ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุฃู†ุฌู„ูŠู†ูŠ ู„ู„ุฅุจุชูƒุงุฑ)ุŒ
06:18
and the aim was to build
127
378830
2012
ูˆุงู„ู‡ุฏู ูƒุงู† ุจู†ุงุก
06:20
the right environment for knowledge creation.
128
380842
4334
ุงู„ุจูŠุฆุฉ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณุจุฉ ู„ุฎู„ู‚ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูุฉ.
06:25
It is accepted that for such an aim,
129
385176
2484
ูˆู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูุณู„ู‘ูŽู… ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู† ุฃุฌู„ ุชุญู‚ูŠู‚ ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ุฏูุŒ
06:27
knowledge creation,
130
387660
1536
-ุฎู„ู‚ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูุฉ-
06:29
interaction among people, face-to-face contact,
131
389196
2587
ุฃู† ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‘ูู‚ุงุก ูˆุฌู‡ุง ู„ูˆุฌู‡ุŒ
06:31
it's important, and we agreed on that.
132
391783
2197
ู…ูู‡ู…ู‘ูŒ ูˆุงุชู‘ูู‚ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ.
06:33
But for us, the question of the right environment
133
393980
3576
ู„ูƒู† ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู†ุงุŒ ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ุณุฃู„ุฉ ุงู„ุจูŠุฆุฉ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณุจุฉ
06:37
was a very literal question.
134
397556
2166
ู…ุณุฃู„ุฉ ุฌูุฏู‘ู ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ.
06:39
We wanted to have a working space
135
399722
2120
ุญูŠุซ ุฃุฑุฏู†ุง ุฅู†ุดุงุก ูุถุงุกุงุช ุนู…ู„ ุชุชูˆูู‘ุฑู ููŠู‡ุง
06:41
with the right light, with the right temperature,
136
401842
2753
ุงู„ุฅู†ุงุฑุฉ ูˆุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ
06:44
with the right air.
137
404595
1882
ูˆุงู„ุชู‡ูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณุจุฉ.
06:46
So we asked ourselves:
138
406477
2078
ู„ุฐุง ุณุฃู„ู†ุง ุฃู†ููุณู†ุง:
06:48
Does the typical office building
139
408555
2590
ยซู‡ู„ ุฃู†ู‘ ุจูู†ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ูƒุชุจ ุงู„ู†ู…ุทููŠู‘ุฉูŽ
06:51
help us in that sense?
140
411145
2111
ุชูุณุงุนุฏู†ุง ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงุชุฌุงู‡ุŸยป
06:53
Well, how does that building look, typically?
141
413256
3614
ุญุณู†ู‹ุงุŒ ูƒูŠู ุชุธู‡ุฑู ู„ู†ุง ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุจู†ุงูŠุฉ ุนุงุฏุฉู‹ุŸ
06:56
It's a collection of floors,
142
416870
2584
ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุทูˆุงุจู‚
06:59
one on top of each other,
143
419454
1907
ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏู ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑุŒ
07:01
with a core in the center
144
421361
3040
ูˆุฌูุฒู’ุกูŒ ุฃุณุงุณูŠู‘ูŒ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุณุท
07:04
with elevators, stairs, pipes, wires, everything,
145
424401
4689
ูŠุถูู…ู‘ู ุงู„ู…ุตุงุนุฏ ูˆุงู„ุณู„ุงู„ู… ูˆุงู„ุฃุณู„ุงูƒ ูˆูƒู„ู‘ ุดูŠุก.
07:09
and then a glass skin on the outside
146
429090
3587
ุซูู…ู‘ ุบู„ุงููŒ ุฒูุฌุงุฌูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌุŒ
07:12
that, due to direct sun radiation,
147
432677
3876
ูˆู†ุธุฑู‹ุง ู„ุชุนุฑู‘ูุถู‡ ุงู„ู…ุจุงุดุฑ ู„ุฃุดุนุฉ ุงู„ุดู…ุณุŒ
07:16
creates a huge greenhouse effect inside.
148
436553
5208
ูุฅู†ู‘ู‡ ูŠูุญุฏูุซ ู…ูุนูˆู„ุงู‹ ู‡ุงุฆู„ุงู‹ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุญุชุจุงุณ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑูŠ ุจุงู„ุฏู‘ุงุฎู„.
07:21
In addition to that, let's say a guy
149
441761
1934
ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ูู„ู†ู‚ูู„ู’ ุฃู†ู‘ ุดุฎุตู‹ุง ู…ุง
07:23
working on the seventh floor
150
443695
1736
ูŠุนู…ู„ ุจุงู„ุทู‘ุงุจู‚ ุงู„ุณู‘ุงุจุนุŒ
07:25
goes every single day through the third floor,
151
445431
2711
ูˆูŠู…ุฑู‘ู ูƒู„ู‘ ูŠูˆู… ุนุจุฑ ุงู„ุทู‘ุงุจู‚ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุŒ
07:28
but has no idea what the guy on that floor
152
448142
3038
ู„ูƒู† ู„ูŠุณุช ู„ุฏูŠู‡ ุฃูŠ ููƒุฑุฉ ุนู…ุง ูŠูŽูุนู„ูู‡
07:31
is working on.
153
451180
1729
ุงู„ุดุฎุต ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุทู‘ุงุจู‚.
07:32
So we thought, well, maybe we have to turn this scheme
154
452909
3396
ู‡ูƒุฐุง ุงุนุชู‚ุฏู†ุง ุฃู†ู‘ู‡ ุฑุจู‘ู…ุง ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ู‚ู„ุจู ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุบู„ุงู
07:36
inside out.
155
456305
1801
ุฑุฃุณุง ุนู„ู‰ ุนู‚ุจ.
07:38
And what we did was,
156
458106
1822
ูˆู…ุง ู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจู‡ ุชู…ุซู‘ูŽู„ ููŠ
07:39
let's have an open atrium,
157
459928
4182
ุฅู†ุดุงุก ุฑูŽุฏู‡ุฉ ู…ูุชูˆุญุฉ
07:44
a hollowed core,
158
464110
1889
-ุฃูŠ ูุถุงุก ูุงุฑุบ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุณุท-
07:45
the same collection of floors,
159
465999
1614
ูˆู†ูุณู ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ุทู‘ูˆุงุจู‚.
07:47
but have the walls and the mass in the perimeter,
160
467613
4440
ู„ูƒู† ู†ุฌุนู„ ุงู„ุฌุฏุฑุงู† ูˆูƒุชู„ุฉ ุงู„ุจู†ุงุก ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญูŠุท ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠุŒ
07:52
so that when the sun hits,
161
472053
4264
ุญุชู‘ู‰ ุฅุฐุง ู…ุง ุณุทุนุช ุงู„ุดู…ุณุŒ
07:56
it's not impacting directly glass, but a wall.
162
476317
6127
ูุฅู†ู‘ ุฃุดุนู‘ุชู‡ุง ู„ุง ุชุคุซุฑ ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฒู‘ูุฌุงุฌ ุจู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฏุงุฑ.
08:02
When you have an open atrium inside,
163
482444
2737
ูˆุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฑูŽุฏู‡ุฉ ูุงุฑุบุฉ ุจุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ุŒ
08:05
you are able to see what others are doing
164
485181
2149
ูุฅู†ู‘ูƒ ุชูŽู‚ุฏุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุฑุคูŠุฉ ู…ุง ูŠูŽูุนู„ู‡ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑูˆู†
08:07
from within the building, and you have
165
487330
1851
ู…ู† ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ู…ุจู†ู‰ุŒ ูˆูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ
08:09
a better way to control light,
166
489181
2199
ู†ุธุงู… ุฃูุถู„ ู„ู„ุชุญูƒู‘ู… ุจุงู„ุถูˆุก.
08:11
and when you place the mass and the walls
167
491380
3403
ูˆุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชุฌุนู„ ุงู„ุฌุฏุฑุงู† ูˆูƒุชู„ุฉ ุงู„ุจู†ุงุก
08:14
in the perimeter,
168
494783
1656
ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญูŠุท ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠุŒ
08:16
then you are preventing direct sun radiation.
169
496439
3433
ูุฅู†ูƒ ุชู…ู†ุน ุฅุดุนุงุน ุงู„ุดู…ุณ ุงู„ู…ุจุงุดุฑ.
08:19
You may also open those windows
170
499872
1920
ูˆูŠูู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุฃูŠุถุง ูุชุญู ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู†ูˆุงูุฐ
08:21
and get cross-ventilation.
171
501792
2896
ูˆุงู„ุญุตูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุชู‡ูˆูŠุฉ ู…ุชู‚ุงุทุนุฉ.
08:24
We just made those openings
172
504688
2935
ู„ู‚ุฏ ุฌุนู„ู†ุง ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ููŽุชุญุงุช
08:27
of such a scale that they could work
173
507623
2092
ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุญุฌู… ู„ุชูƒูˆู† ุจู…ุซุงุจุฉ
08:29
as elevated squares,
174
509715
2013
ู…ุณุงุญุงุช ู…ุฑุชูุนุฉ
08:31
outdoor spaces throughout
175
511728
1744
ุฃูˆ ูุถุงุกุงุช ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠู‘ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู…ุชุฏุงุฏ
08:33
the entire height of the building.
176
513472
3663
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ู…ุจู†ู‰ ูƒู„ู‘ู‡.
08:37
None of this is rocket science.
177
517135
1849
ูˆู„ุง ุดูŠุก ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุจุนู„ู…ู ู…ูุนุฌุฒู.
08:38
You don't require sophisticated programming.
178
518984
2699
ุฅุฐ ุฃู†ุช ู„ุง ุชุญุชุงุฌ ุฅู„ู‰ ุจุฑู…ุฌุฉ ู…ุชุทูˆุฑุฉุŒ
08:41
It's not about technology.
179
521683
1733
ูˆู„ุงูŠุชุนู„ู‘ู‚ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุจุงู„ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง.
08:43
This is just archaic, primitive common sense,
180
523416
5422
ูู‡ุฐุง ู…ูุฌุฑู‘ุฏ ุงู„ุญูุณู‘ู ุงู„ุณู‘ู„ูŠู… ุงู„ุจุฏุงุฆูŠู‘ู ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุŒ
08:48
and by using common sense,
181
528838
1968
ูˆุจุงุณุชุนู…ุงู„ ุงู„ุญุณู‘ ุงู„ุณู‘ู„ูŠู…
08:50
we went from 120 kilowatts
182
530806
2981
ุงู†ุชู‚ู„ู†ุง ู…ู† (ูกูขู ) ูƒูŠู„ูˆูˆุงุช
08:53
per square meter per year,
183
533787
2340
ุจุงู„ู…ุชุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฑุจู‘ุน ููŠ ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ
08:56
which is the typical energy consumption
184
536127
2171
- ูˆู‡ูˆ ู…ูุนุฏู‘ู„ ุงู„ุงุณุชู‡ู„ุงูƒ ุงู„ู…ุนุชุงุฏ ู„ู„ุทู‘ุงู‚ุฉ
08:58
for cooling a glass tower,
185
538298
1992
ู„ุชุจุฑูŠุฏ ุจูุฑุฌ ุฒูุฌุงุฌูŠ-
09:00
to 40 kilowatts per square meter per year.
186
540290
4330
ุฅู„ู‰ (ูคู ) ูƒูŠู„ูˆูˆุงุช ุจุงู„ู…ุชุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฑุจู‘ุน ููŠ ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ.
09:04
So with the right design,
187
544620
2277
ูุจุงุฎุชูŠุงุฑ ุงู„ุชุตู…ูŠู… ุงู„ุตู‘ุงุฆุจุŒ
09:06
sustainability is nothing but the rigorous use
188
546897
2544
ู„ุงุชูŽุนุฏูˆุง ุงู„ุงุณุชุฏุงู…ุฉ ุณูˆู‰ ุงู„ุงุณุชุนู…ุงู„ ุงู„ุฏู‘ู‚ูŠู‚
09:09
of common sense.
189
549441
3733
ู„ู„ุญุณู‘ ุงู„ุณู„ูŠู….
09:13
Last case I would like to share is how design
190
553174
2973
ุฃู…ู‘ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉุŒ ูุฅู†ู‘ูŠ ุฃูˆุฏู‘ู ุงุทู„ุงุนูƒู… ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ูุฏุฑุฉ ุงู„ุชุฎุทูŠุท
09:16
can provide more comprehensive answers
191
556147
2295
ุนู„ู‰ ุชู‚ุฏูŠู… ุญู„ูˆู„ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุดู…ูˆู„ุง
09:18
against natural disasters.
192
558442
2388
ู„ู„ุชู‘ุนุงู…ู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ูƒูˆุงุฑุซ ุงู„ุทู‘ุจูŠุนูŠุฉ.
09:20
You may know that Chile, in 2010,
193
560830
3065
ุฑุจู‘ู…ุง ุชุนู„ู…ูˆู† ุจุฃู†ู‘ ุชุดูŠู„ูŠุŒ ุณู†ุฉ (ูขู ูกู )ุŒ
09:23
was hit by an 8.8 Richter scale
194
563895
3805
ุชุนุฑู‘ุถุช ุฅู„ู‰ ุฒู„ุฒุงู„ ุจู‚ูˆุฉ (ูจุŒูจ) ุจู…ู‚ูŠุงุณ ุฑูŠุฎุชุฑ
09:27
earthquake and tsunami,
195
567700
2123
ูˆุฅู„ู‰ ุชุณูˆู†ุงู…ูŠ.
09:29
and we were called to work
196
569823
1875
ูˆู„ู‚ุฏ ุฏูุนูŠู†ุง ู„ู„ุนู…ู„
09:31
in the reconstruction of the Constituciรณn,
197
571698
2242
ููŠ ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุฅุนู…ุงุฑุงู„(ูƒูˆู†ุณุชุชุซูŠูˆู†)ุŒ
09:33
in the southern part of the country.
198
573940
1910
ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฌู†ูˆุจูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจู„ุฏ.
09:35
We were given 100 days, three months,
199
575850
3497
ูˆุฃูู…ู‡ูู„ู†ุง (ูกู ู ) ูŠูˆู…. ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฃุดู‡ุฑ
09:39
to design almost everything,
200
579347
1916
ู„ุชุตู…ูŠู… ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง:
09:41
from public buildings to public space,
201
581263
2317
ู…ู† ุงู„ุจู†ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ุนู…ูˆู…ูŠุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุญุงุช ุงู„ุนู…ูˆู…ูŠุฉุŒ
09:43
street grid, transportation, housing,
202
583580
2090
ุชุญุฏูŠุฏู‹ุง ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽู‚ู„ ูˆุงู„ุฅุณูƒุงู†ุŒ
09:45
and mainly how to protect the city
203
585670
2754
ูˆุจุงู„ุฃุณุงุณ ูƒูŠููŠุฉ ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ
09:48
against future tsunamis.
204
588424
2255
ู…ู† ู…ูˆุฌุงุช ุงู„ุชุณูˆู†ุงู…ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„.
09:50
This was new in Chilean urban design,
205
590679
3150
ูˆูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุฌุฏูŠุฏู‹ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุชุตู…ูŠู… ุงู„ุญุถุฑูŠ ุงู„ุชุดูŠู„ูŠุŒ
09:53
and there were in the air a couple of alternatives.
206
593829
3373
ูˆูƒุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฃูู‚ ุจุฏูŠู„ูŠู† ุงุซู†ูŠู†.
09:57
First one:
207
597202
1252
ุฃูˆู‘ู„ู‡ู…ุง:
09:58
Forbid installation on ground zero.
208
598454
2649
ู…ู†ุนู ุงู„ุฅู†ุดุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุฑุถ ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ.
10:01
Thirty million dollars spent mainly
209
601103
2037
ูุซู„ุงุซูˆู† ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ุฃูู†ูู‚ุช ุฃุณุงุณู‹ุง
10:03
in land expropriation.
210
603140
2384
ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูุตุงุฏุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฑุงุถูŠ.
10:05
This is exactly what's being discussed in Japan nowadays,
211
605524
3262
ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจุงู„ุถุจุท ู…ุง ูŠู‚ุน ู…ู†ุงู‚ุดุชู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠุงุจุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ุงู„ุญุงู„ูŠ.
10:08
and if you have a disciplined population
212
608786
2047
ูˆุฅู† ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุณูƒู‘ุงู† ุจุงู†ุถุจุงุท
10:10
like the Japanese, this may work,
213
610833
2340
ุงู„ูŠุงุจุงู†ูŠูŠู†ุŒ ูุฅู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุฑุจู‘ู…ุง ูŠู†ุฌุญุŒ
10:13
but we know that in Chile,
214
613173
1485
ู„ูƒู† ู†ุนู„ู… ุฃู†ู‡ุŒ ููŠ ุชุดูŠู„ูŠุŒ
10:14
this land is going to be occupied illegally anyhow,
215
614658
3813
ุณุชูุญุชูŽู„ู‘ู ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุฑุถ ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุบูŠุฑ ู‚ุงู†ูˆู†ูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูŠู‘ุฉ ุญุงู„.
10:18
so this alternative was unrealistic and undesirable.
216
618471
4072
ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ู‚ุชุฑุญ ุบูŠุฑ ูˆุงู‚ุนูŠ ูˆุบูŠุฑ ู…ุฑุบูˆุจ ููŠู‡.
10:22
Second alternative: build a big wall,
217
622543
3393
ุฃู…ู‘ุง ุงู„ุจุฏูŠู„ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ูู‡ูˆ ุจู†ุงุกู ุฌุฏุงุฑ ูƒุจูŠุฑุŒ
10:25
heavy infrastructure to resist
218
625936
2317
ุจู†ูŠุฉ ุชุญุชูŠู‘ุฉ ุซู‚ูŠู„ุฉ ู„ู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ
10:28
the energy of the waves.
219
628253
1942
ุทุงู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุงุฌ.
10:30
This alternative was conveniently lobbied
220
630195
2119
ูˆุชู…ู‘ ุฏุนู… ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฎูŠุงุฑ ุจุดูƒู„ ู…ู„ุงุฆู…
10:32
by big building companies,
221
632314
1361
ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ุดุฑูƒุงุช ุงู„ุจู†ุงุกุ›
10:33
because it meant 42 million dollars in contracts,
222
633675
4207
ู„ุฃู†ู‘ู‡ ูƒุงู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ู‡ู… ุนู‚ูˆุฏ ุงุณุชุซู…ุงุฑ ู‚ูŠู…ุชู‡ุง (ูคูข) ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ.
10:37
and was also politically preferred,
223
637882
2353
ูˆูƒุงู† ุฃูŠุถุง ู…ููุถู‘ู„ุงู‹ ุณูŠุงุณูŠู‘ู‹ุง
10:40
because it required no land expropriation.
224
640235
3992
ูƒูˆู†ู‡ ู„ุง ูŠุชุทู„ุจ ู…ุตุงุฏุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฑุงุถูŠ.
10:44
But Japan proved that trying to resist
225
644227
2750
ุบูŠุฑ ุฃู†ู‘ ุชุฌุฑุจุฉ ุงู„ูŠุงุจุงู† ุฃุซุจุชุช ุฃู† ู„ุง ุทุงุฆู„ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงูˆู„ุฉ
10:46
the force of nature is useless.
226
646977
3313
ู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ ู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉ.
10:50
So this alternative was irresponsible.
227
650290
3363
ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุจุฏูŠู„ ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุณุคูˆู„.
10:53
As in the housing process,
228
653653
2094
ูˆูƒู…ุง ูุนู„ู†ุง ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฅุณูƒุงู†ุŒ
10:55
we had to include the community
229
655747
1877
ูƒุงู† ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุฅุดุฑุงูƒ ุงู„ุฃู‡ุงู„ูŠ
10:57
in the way of finding a solution for this,
230
657624
3348
ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจุญุซ ุนู† ุญู„ู‘ ู„ู‡ุฐุง.
11:00
and we started a participatory design process.
231
660972
3173
ุญูŠุซ ุจุฏุฃู†ุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุฎุทูŠุท ุชุดุงุฑูƒูŠุฉ.
(ููŠุฏูŠูˆ) ุจุงู„ุฅุณุจุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ ู…ูƒุจุฑุงุช ุตูˆุช: ุฃูŠู‘ ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฏู† ุชุฑูŠุฏูˆู†ุŸ
11:04
(Video) [In Spanish] Loudspeaker: What kind of city do you want?
232
664145
2271
11:06
Vote for Constituciรณn.
233
666416
1542
ุตูˆู‘ุชูˆุง ู„(ูƒู†ุณุชุชุซูŠูˆู†) !
11:07
Go to the Open House and express your options.
234
667958
2305
ุงุฐู‡ุจูˆุง ุฅู„ู‰ ( ุงู„ุฃูˆุจู† ู‡ุงูˆุณ) ูˆุนุจู‘ุฑูˆุง ุนู† ุขุฑุงุฆูƒู… !
11:10
Participate!
235
670263
2173
ุดุงุฑูƒูˆุง!
11:12
Fisherman: I am a fisherman.
236
672436
2074
ุตูŠุงุฏ ุณู…ูƒ: ุฃู†ุง ุตูŠุงุฏ ุณู…ูƒุŒ
11:14
Twenty-five fishermen work for me.
237
674510
2109
ูˆุฃูุดุบู‘ูู„ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ุจุญู‘ุงุฑู‹ุง.
11:16
Where should I take them? To the forest?
238
676619
2339
ุฃูŠู† ุชูุฑูŠุฏูˆู†ู†ูŠ ุฃู† ุขุฎุฐู‡ู…ุŸ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุบุงุจุฉุŸ
11:18
Man: So why can't we have a concrete defense?
239
678958
3385
ุฑุฌูู„ : ยซุฅุฐู‹ุง ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ู„ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ู†ุง ุญุงุฌุฒ ุฏูุงุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุฅุณู…ู†ุชุŸ
11:22
Done well, of course.
240
682343
1908
ู„ูƒุงู† ู†ุฌุญ ุจุงู„ุทุจุน.
11:24
Man 2: I am the history of Constituciรณn.
241
684251
1890
ุงู„ุฑู‘ุฌูู„(ูข) : ุฃู†ุง ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ุงู„(ูƒู†ุณุชุชุซูŠูˆู†)ุŒ
11:26
And you come here to tell me that I cannot keep on living here?
242
686141
3960
ูˆุชู‚ูˆู„ ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ูŠ ุงู„ุงุณุชู…ุฑุงุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠุด ู‡ู†ุง
11:30
My whole family has lived here,
243
690101
2198
ุนุงุฆู„ุชูŠ ูƒู„ู‘ู‡ุง ุนุงุดุช ู‡ู†ุงุŒ
11:32
I raised my children here,
244
692299
1472
ูˆุฑุจู‘ูŠุช ุฃุทูุงู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุงุŒ
11:33
and my children will also raise their children here.
245
693771
2085
ูˆู‡ู… ุจุฏูˆุฑู‡ู… ุณูŠูุฑุจู‘ูˆู† ุฃุจู†ุงุกู‡ู… ู‡ู†ุงุŒ
11:35
and my grandchildren and everyone else will.
246
695856
2508
ู…ุซู„ู…ุง ุณูŠูุนู„ ุฃุญูุงุฏูŠ ูˆูƒู„ู‘ ุงู„ุขุฎูŽุฑูŠู†.
11:38
But why are you imposing this on me?
247
698364
2526
ู„ูƒู† ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ุชูุฑุถู ุนู„ูŠู‘ ู‡ุฐุง ุŸ
11:40
You! You are imposing this on me!
248
700890
1877
ุฃู†ุช! ู†ุนู… ุฃู†ุช ุชูุฑุถู ุนู„ูŠู‘ ู‡ุฐุง!
11:42
In danger zone I am not authorized to build.
249
702767
1791
ู„ุณุชู ู…ูุฎูˆู‘ู„ุงู‹ ู„ู„ุจู†ุงุก ููŠ ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฎุทุฑ.
11:44
He himself is saying that.
250
704558
1587
ู‡ูˆ ู†ูุณู‡ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฐู„ูƒ.
11:46
Man 3: No, no, no, Nieves...
251
706145
2085
ุงู„ุฑู‘ุฌู„ ( ูฃ): ู„ุงุŒ ู„ุงุŒ ู„ุงุŒ (ู†ูŠููŠุณ)...
11:50
Alejandro Aravena: I don't know if you were able
252
710940
2288
(ุฃู„ูŠุฎุงู†ุฏุฑูˆ ุฃุฑูŠูุงู†ุง): ู„ุณุช ุฃุฏุฑูŠ ุฅู† ุงุณุชุทุนุชู…
11:53
to read the subtitles, but you can tell
253
713228
2285
ู‚ุฑุงุกุฉ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉุŒ ู„ูƒู† ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒู…ุŒ
11:55
from the body language
254
715513
1644
ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ู„ุบุฉ ุฃุฌุณุงุฏู‡ู…ุŒ ุฃู† ุชูุฏุฑูƒูˆุง
11:57
that participatory design
255
717157
1278
ุฃู†ู‘ ุงู„ุชุฎุทูŠุท ุงู„ุชุดุงุฑููƒูŠู‘
11:58
is not a hippie, romantic,
256
718435
2324
ู„ู… ูŠูƒู† ุถุฑุจู‹ุง ู…ู† (ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูŠ) ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฑูˆู…ุงู†ุณูŠุฉ
12:00
let's-all-dream-together-about- the-future-of-the-city
257
720759
3251
ุฃูˆ ู†ูˆุนู‹ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุชุดุงูˆุฑ ุงู„ุญุงู„ู… ุงู„ู‡ุงุฏุฆ
12:04
kind of thing.
258
724010
2067
ุญูˆู„ ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ.
12:06
It is actually โ€” (Applause)
259
726077
3493
ู„ู… ูŠูƒู† ูƒุฐู„ูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ-(ุชุตููŠู‚)
12:09
It is actually not even with the families
260
729570
2400
ู„ู… ูŠูƒู† ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉุŒ ุญุชู‰ ู…ุน ุงู„ุฃุณุฑ
12:11
trying to find the right answer.
261
731970
3046
ุงู„ุชูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ุชุญุงูˆู„ ุฅูŠุฌุงุฏ ุงู„ุญู„ู‘ ุงู„ุตุงุฆุจ.
ุฅู†ู‘ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ูŠุชุนู„ู‘ู‚ุŒ ุฃุณุงุณู‹ุงุŒ ุจู…ุญุงูˆู„ุฉ ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ
12:15
It is mainly trying to identify with precision
262
735016
2813
12:17
what is the right question.
263
737829
2071
ู„ุชุญุฏูŠุฏ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ุตุงุฆุจ.
12:19
There is nothing worse than answering well
264
739900
2087
ูู„ุง ุดูŠุก ุฃุณูˆุก ู…ู† ุงู„ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ ุงู„ุฌูŠุฏุฉ
12:21
the wrong question.
265
741987
2104
ุนู† ุงู„ุณู‘ุคุงู„ ุงู„ุฎุงุทุฆ.
12:24
So it was pretty obvious after this process
266
744091
3319
ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูƒุงู† ูˆุงุถุญู‹ุง ุฌุฏู‹ู‘ุง ุจุนุฏ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
12:27
that, well, we chicken out here
267
747410
3531
ุฃู†ู‘ู‡ุŒ ุญุณู†ู‹ุงุŒ ุฅู…ู‘ุง ุฃู† ู†ู†ุณุญุจ ุฎูˆูู‹ุง ู‡ู†ุง
12:30
and go away because it's too tense,
268
750941
2576
ูˆู†ุบุงุฏุฑ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุฌูˆู‘ ู…ูุชูˆุชู‘ุฑ ุฌุฏู‘ู‹ุงุŒ
12:33
or we go even further in asking,
269
753517
2026
ุฃูˆ ุฃู† ู†ุฐู‡ุจ ุฃุจุนุฏ ู…ู† ุฐู„ูƒ ูˆู†ุณุฃู„ู‡ู…
12:35
what else is bothering you?
270
755543
1395
ุนู† ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุฒุนุฌู‡ู….
12:36
What other problems do you have
271
756938
1753
ู…ุงู‡ูŠ ู…ุดุงูƒู„ูƒู… ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰
12:38
and you want us to take care of now that the city
272
758691
2582
ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชูุฑูŠุฏูˆู† ู…ู†ุง ู…ูุนุงู„ุฌุชู‡ุง ุงู„ุขู† ุฎุงุตุฉ ูˆุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ
12:41
will have to be rethought from scratch?
273
761273
4322
ุณูŠูุนุงุฏ ุงู„ู†ุธุฑ ููŠู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุตูุฑุŸ
12:45
And what they said was,
274
765595
2196
ูˆู…ุง ู‚ุงู„ูˆู‡ ูƒุงู†: ุงุณู…ุนุŒ
12:47
look, fine to protect the city against future tsunamis,
275
767791
2786
ุฌูŠู‘ุฏ ุฃู† ุชุญู…ูˆุง ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ู…ู† ู…ูˆุฌุงุช ุงู„ุชุณูˆู†ุงู…ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„.
12:50
we really appreciate, but the next one is going to come in, what, 20 years?
276
770577
4757
ู†ุญู† ุญู‚ู‹ุง ู†ู‚ุฏู‘ุฑ ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ุณุชุฃุชูŠ ุฎู„ุงู„ุŒ ูƒู…ุŒ (ูขู ) ุณู†ุฉุŸ
12:55
But every single year, we have problems
277
775334
2093
ู„ูƒู† ูƒู„ ุณู†ุฉุŒ ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ู…ุดุงูƒู„
12:57
of flooding due to rain.
278
777427
2863
ููŠุถุงู†ุงุช ุจุณุจุจ ุงู„ู…ุทุฑ.
13:00
In addition, we are in the middle
279
780290
2200
ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ู†ุญู† ู†ุนูŠุด ููŠ ูˆุณุท
13:02
of the forest region of the country,
280
782490
1799
ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุบุงุจุงุช ู„ู„ุจู„ุฏุŒ
13:04
and our public space sucks.
281
784289
2820
ูˆูุถุงุกุงุชู†ุง ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ู…ู‚ุฑูุฉุ›
13:07
It's poor and it's scarce.
282
787109
3791
ูู‡ูŠ ูู‚ูŠุฑุฉ ูˆู…ุนุฏูŽู…ุฉ.
13:10
And the origin of the city, our identity,
283
790900
2584
ูˆุฃุตู„ ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉุŒ ู‡ูˆูŠู‘ุชูู†ุงุŒ
13:13
is not really connected to the buildings that fell,
284
793484
2886
ู„ูŠุณุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉุŒ ู…ูู‚ุชุฑู†ู‹ุง ุจุงู„ู…ุจุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุณู‚ุทุชุŒ
13:16
it is connected to the river,
285
796370
1614
ุจู„ ู‡ูˆ ู…ูู‚ุชุฑู† ุจุงู„ู†ู‘ู‡ุฑ.
13:17
but the river cannot be accessed publicly,
286
797984
2814
ู„ูƒู† ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ู„ุนู‘ุงู…ุฉ ูˆูู„ูˆุฌู‡
13:20
because its shores are privately owned.
287
800798
3702
ู„ุฃู†ู‘ ุญูˆุงูู‘ูŽู‡ู ู…ูู„ูƒูŠู‘ุฉ ุฎุงุตู‘ุฉ.
13:24
So we thought that we had to produce a third alternative,
288
804500
4803
ู„ู‡ุฐุงุŒ ุงุนุชู‚ุฏู†ุง ุฃู†ู‘ู‡ ูƒุงู† ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุงู„ุฅุชูŠุงู†ู ุจุจุฏูŠู„ ุซุงู„ุซ.
13:29
and our approach was against geographical threats,
289
809303
4544
ูˆูƒุงู† ู†ู‡ุฌูู†ุง ููŠ ู…ุนุงู„ุฌุฉ ุงู„ุชู‡ุฏูŠุฏุงุช ุงู„ุฌุบุฑุงููŠุฉ
13:33
have geographical answers.
290
813847
3620
ุงุชู‘ุจุงุนู ุญู„ูˆู„ ุฌุบุฑุงููŠุฉู.
13:37
What if, in between the city
291
817467
3787
ู…ุงุฐุง ู„ูˆุŒ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ
13:43
and the sea
292
823600
2383
ูˆุงู„ุจุญุฑ
13:48
we have a forest,
293
828590
3178
ุชูƒูˆู† ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุบุงุจุฉ:
13:51
a forest that doesn't try to resist
294
831768
2586
ุบุงุจุฉ ู„ุง ุชุญุงูˆู„ ุฃู† ุชู‚ุงูˆู…
13:54
the energy of nature,
295
834354
1858
ู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉุŒ
13:56
but dissipates it by introducing friction?
296
836212
4059
ู„ูƒู† ุชุจุฏู‘ุฏู‡ุง ุนุจุฑ ุนุงู…ู„ ุงู„ุงุญุชูƒุงูƒุŸ
14:00
A forest that may be able to laminate the water
297
840271
3893
ุบุงุจุฉ ุฑุจู‘ู…ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ู‚ุงุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒุณุฑ ู…ูˆุฌุงุช ุงู„ู…ุงุก
14:04
and prevent the flooding?
298
844164
2351
ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุญูŠู„ูˆู„ุฉ ุฏูˆู† ุงู„ููŠุถุงู†ุงุชุŸ
14:06
That may pay the historical debt of public space,
299
846515
5084
ู‡ุฐุง ู‚ุฏ ูŠุญู„ู‘ู ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุฉ ู„ู„ูุถุงุกุงุช ุงู„ุนู…ูˆู…ูŠุฉ
14:11
and that may provide, finally,
300
851599
2643
ูˆู‚ุฏ ูŠูˆูู‘ุฑูุŒ ุฃุฎูŠุฑู‹ุงุŒ
14:14
democratic access to the river.
301
854242
2418
ู…ู†ูุฐู‹ุง ุนู…ูˆู…ูŠู‘ู‹ุง ู„ู„ู†ู‡ุฑ.
14:16
So as a conclusion of the participatory design,
302
856660
2941
ู„ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ูƒุฎูู„ุงุตุฉ ู„ู„ุชุตู…ูŠู… ุงู„ุชุดุงุฑููƒูŠุŒ
14:19
the alternative was validated politically and socially,
303
859601
3003
ุชู…ู‘ ุชุฃูŠูŠุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูู‚ุชุฑุญ ุณูŠุงุณูŠู‘ู‹ุง ูˆุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠู‘ู‹ุง.
14:22
but there was still the problem of the cost:
304
862604
3111
ู„ูƒู† ู…ุง ุชุฒุงู„ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชูƒู„ูุฉ:
14:25
48 million dollars.
305
865715
3204
(ูคูจ) ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ.
14:28
So what we did was a survey
306
868919
2404
ู„ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ู…ุง ู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจู‡ ูƒุงู† ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุงุณุชู‚ุตุงุฆูŠุฉ
14:31
in the public investment system,
307
871323
2552
ุญูˆู„ ู†ุธุงู… ุงู„ุงุณุชุซู…ุงุฑ ุงู„ุนู…ูˆู…ูŠุŒ
14:33
and found out that there were three ministries
308
873875
2315
ููˆุฌุฏู†ุง ุฃู†ู‡ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุซู„ุงุซ ูˆุฒุงุฑุช
14:36
with three projects in the exact same place,
309
876190
3143
ู„ู‡ุง ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู…ุดุงุฑูŠุน ุญูˆู„ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ุชุญุฏูŠุฏู‹ุงุŒ
14:39
not knowing of the existence of the other projects.
310
879333
2964
ูˆุฃู†ู‘ ูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุฏุฑูƒุฉ ู„ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู…ุดุงุฑูŠุน ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŒ
14:42
The sum of them: 52 million dollars.
311
882297
4337
ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ุจู„ุบุช ุชูƒู„ูุชู‡ุง ูƒู„ู‡ุง ุงู„(ูฅูข) ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ.
14:46
So design's power of synthesis
312
886634
2676
ู‡ูƒุฐุง ูุฅู†ู‘ ู…ุชุงู†ุฉ ุงู„ุชูˆู„ูŠู ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุชุตู…ูŠู…
14:49
is trying to make a more efficient use
313
889310
2116
ุชูƒู…ู† ููŠ ู…ุญุงูˆู„ุฉ ุชูˆุฎู‘ูŠ ุงุณุชุบู„ุงู„ูุŒ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู†ุฌุงุนุฉุŒ
14:51
of the scarcest resource in cities,
314
891426
2857
ู„ุฃู†ุฏูŽุฑู ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฑุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ุŒ
14:54
which is not money but coordination.
315
894283
3413
ูˆู‡ูŠ ู„ูŠุณุช ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ูˆุฅู†ู‘ู…ุง ุงู„ุชู†ุณูŠู‚.
14:57
By doing so, we were able to save
316
897696
2782
ูˆู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจุฐู„ูƒุŒ ุงุณุชุทุนู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ูˆูู‘ูุฑ
15:00
four million dollars, and that is why the forest
317
900478
2842
ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ู…ู„ุงูŠูŠู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑุŒ ูˆู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุณุจุจ ูุฅู†ู‘ ุงู„ุบุงุจุฉ
15:03
is today under construction.
318
903320
3580
ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู‚ูŠุฏ ุงู„ุฅู†ุดุงุก.
15:06
(Applause)
319
906900
2616
(ุชุตููŠู‚)
15:09
So be it the force of self construction,
320
909516
3624
ุฅุฐู‹ุงุŒ ูƒูˆู†ู‡ุง ู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ูุฑุฏูŠุŒ
15:13
the force of common sense,
321
913140
3105
ุฃูˆู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุญุณู‘ ุงู„ุณู‘ู„ูŠู…ุŒ
15:16
or the force of nature, all these forces
322
916245
3105
ุฃูˆู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉุŒ ูุฅู† ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ูˆู‰
15:19
need to be translated into form,
323
919350
3431
ุชุญุชุงุฌ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃู† ุชูุชุฑุฌู… ุฅู„ู‰ ุตูŠุบุฉ ู…ุงุŒ
15:22
and what that form is modeling and shaping
324
922781
3666
ูˆู…ุง ุชูุฌุณู‘ุฏู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุตูŠุบุฉ ูˆุชูุตูˆู‘ุฑู‡
15:26
is not cement, bricks, or wood.
325
926447
3230
ู„ูŠุณ ุฅุณู…ู†ุชู‹ุงุŒ ุฃูˆุขุฌุฑู‹ุงุŒ ุฃูˆุฎุดุจู‹ุง
15:29
It is life itself.
326
929677
2245
ุฅู†ู‘ู…ุง ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ ู†ูุณู‡ุง.
15:31
Design's power of synthesis
327
931922
2338
ู…ุชุงู†ุฉ ุงู„ุชูˆู„ูŠู ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุชุฎุทูŠุท
15:34
is just an attempt to put
328
934260
2420
ู‡ูŠ ูู‚ุท ู…ุญุงูˆู„ุฉ ู„ูˆุถุน
15:36
at the innermost core of architecture
329
936680
3632
ู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุตู…ูŠู… ุงู„ุฃุนู…ู‚
15:40
the force of life.
330
940312
1868
ู„ู„ู‡ู†ุฏุณุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนู…ุงุฑูŠุฉ.
15:42
Thank you so much.
331
942180
2789
ุดูƒุฑู‹ุง ุฌุฒูŠู„ุงู‹.
15:44
(Applause)
332
944969
3921
(ุชุตููŠู‚)
ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7