What is a coronavirus? - Elizabeth Cox

1,892,417 views ใƒป 2020-05-14

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Jae Rim Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:07
For almost a decade, scientists chased the source of a deadly new virus
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๊ฑฐ์˜ 10๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ธ ์ƒˆ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์˜ ๊ทผ์›์„ ์ถ”์ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
through Chinaโ€™s tallest mountains and most isolated caverns.
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์ค‘๊ตญ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ์‚ฐ๊ณผ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ๋œ ๋™๊ตด ์†์—์„œ
00:16
They finally found it here: in the bats of Shitou Cave.
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์‹œํ„ฐ์šฐ ๋™๊ตด์˜ ๋ฐ•์ฅ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
The virus in question was a coronavirus
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๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋Š” ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
that caused an epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome,
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์ค‘์ฆ ๊ธ‰์„ฑ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ ์ฆํ›„๊ตฐ์„ ์œ ํ–‰์‹œ์ผฐ๋Š”๋ฐ
00:27
or SARS, in 2003.
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2003๋…„ ์‚ฌ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
Coronaviruses are a group of viruses
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ
00:32
covered in little protein spikes that look like a crownโ€”
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์™•๊ด€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์ŠคํŒŒ์ดํฌ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ๋กœ ๋ฎ์—ฌ์žˆ์ฃ .
00:36
or "corona" in Latin.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋ผํ‹ด์–ด๋กœ "์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:38
There are hundreds of known coronaviruses.
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๋ ค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
Seven of them infect humans, and can cause disease.
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๊ทธ ์ค‘ 7๊ฐœ๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ์—ผ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ์งˆ๋ณ‘์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
The coronavirus SARS-CoV causes SARS, MERS-CoV causes MERS,
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SARS-CoV๋Š” ์‚ฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ , MERS-CoV๋Š” ๋ฉ”๋ฅด์Šค๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
and SARS-CoV-2 causes the disease COVID-19.
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SARS-CoV-2๋Š” COVID-19 ๊ฐ์—ผ์ฆ์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
Of the seven human coronaviruses, four cause colds,
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์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ์—ผ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” 7๊ฐœ์˜ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ค‘ 4๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ 
01:01
mild, highly contagious infections of the nose and throat.
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์ฝ”์™€ ๋ชฉ์— ๊ฐ€๋ณ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ „์—ผ์„ฑ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ฐ์—ผ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:05
Two infect the lungs, and cause much more severe illnesses.
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2๊ฐœ๋Š” ํ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์—ผ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
The seventh, which causes COVID-19, has features of each:
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COVID-19๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๊ณฑ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŠน์ง•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
01:14
it spreads easily, but can severely impact the lungs.
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์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํผ์ง€์ง€๋งŒ ํ์— ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
When an infected person coughs, droplets containing the virus spray out.
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๊ฐ์—ผ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ธฐ์นจํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋ฌผ๋ฐฉ์šธ์ด ํผ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
The virus can infect a new person when the droplets enter their nose or mouth.
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๋ฌผ๋ฐฉ์šธ์ด ์ฝ”๋‚˜ ์ž…์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ฐ์—ผ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
Coronaviruses transmit best in enclosed spaces,
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋Š” ๋ฐ€ํ๋œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ์ „ํŒŒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
where people are close together.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ์š”.
01:33
Cold weather keeps their delicate casing from drying out,
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์ถ”์šด ๋‚ ์”จ๋Š” ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด ๋งˆ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
enabling the virus to survive for longer between hosts,
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์ˆ™์ฃผ๊ฐ„์— ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ƒ์กดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:40
while UV exposure from sunlight may damage it.
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ํ–‡๋น›์˜ ์ž์™ธ์„ ์€ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
These seasonal variations matter more for established viruses.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณ„์ ˆ์  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์— ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
But because no one is yet immune to a new virus,
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์•„์ง ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์ƒˆ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์— ๋ฉด์—ญ์„ฑ์ด ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
01:50
it has so many potential hosts that it doesnโ€™t need ideal conditions to spread.
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์ž ์žฌ์ ์ธ ์ˆ™์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์„œ ์ „ํŒŒํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
In the body, the protein spikes embed in the hostโ€™s cells and fuse with themโ€”
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋ชธ์—์„œ, ์ŠคํŒŒ์ดํฌ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ˆ™์ฃผ์„ธํฌ์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
enabling the virus to hijack the host cellโ€™s machinery
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์ˆ™์ฃผ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์„ธํฌ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์ฑ„์„œ
02:02
to replicate its own genes.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ๋ณต์ œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
Coronaviruses store their genes on RNA.
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋Š” ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ RNA์— ์ €์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
All viruses are either RNA viruses or DNA viruses.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋Š” RNA ๋˜๋Š” DNA ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
RNA viruses tend to be smaller, with fewer genes,
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RNA ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋Š” ์œ ์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ์ ๊ณ , ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ž‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
meaning they infect many hosts and replicate quickly in those hosts.
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์ฆ‰, ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ™์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์—ผ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ณต์ œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
In general, RNA viruses donโ€™t have a proofreading mechanism,
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ RNA ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์—๋Š” ๊ต์ • ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
whereas DNA viruses do.
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DNA ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์—๋Š” ๊ต์ • ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
02:27
So when an RNA virus replicates,
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RNA ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์ œ๋˜๋ฉด
02:29
itโ€™s much more likely to have mistakes called mutations.
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๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ดํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
Many of these mutations are useless or even harmful.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด ์ค‘ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ์“ธ๋ชจ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•ด๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
But some make the virus better suited for certain environmentsโ€”
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ํŠน์ • ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋” ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
like a new host species.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ™์ฃผ ์ข…์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
02:42
Epidemics often occur when a virus jumps from animals to humans.
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์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘์€ ์ข…์ข… ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋™๋ฌผ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด์˜ฌ ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
This is true of the RNA viruses that caused
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RNA ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
02:49
the Ebola, Zika, and SARS epidemics, and the COVID-19 pandemic.
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์—๋ณผ๋ผ, ์ง€์นด, ์‚ฌ์Šค ์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  COVID-19 ๋Œ€์œ ํ–‰๋ณ‘์ด ํ•ด๋‹นํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
Once in humans, the virus still mutatesโ€”
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ชธ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋ฉด ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋Š” ์ฆ์‹ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
usually not enough to create a new virus,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ,
03:00
but enough to create variations, or strains, of the original one.
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๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์˜ ๋ณ€ํ˜•, ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณ€์ข…์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ฃ .
03:05
Coronaviruses have a few key differences from most RNA viruses.
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ RNA ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์™€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
Theyโ€™re some of the largest, meaning they have the most genes.
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ํฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ฃ . ์ฆ‰, ๋งŽ์€ ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
That creates more opportunity for harmful mutations.
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ํ•ด๋กœ์šด ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
To counteract this risk, coronaviruses have a unique feature:
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๋ณ€ํ˜•์„ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋Š” ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
03:21
an enzyme that checks for replication errors and corrects mistakes.
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๋ณต์ œ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ํšจ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ฃ .
03:25
This makes coronaviruses much more stable,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋Š” ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
with a slower mutation rate, than other RNA viruses.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ RNA ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด ์†๋„๋„ ๋Š๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
While this may sound formidable,
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๋Œ€๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ,
03:33
the slow mutation rate is actually a promising sign
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๋Š๋ฆฐ ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด ์†๋„๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค ํฌ์†Œ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
when it comes to disarming them.
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๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์น˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š”์š”.
03:38
After an infection, our immune systems can recognize germs
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๊ฐ์—ผ์ด ๋˜๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฉด์—ญ ์ฒด๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์„ธ๊ท ์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
and destroy them more quickly if they infect us again
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฐ์—ผ๋˜๋ฉด ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
03:45
so they donโ€™t make us sick.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์•„ํ”„์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
But mutations can make a virus less recognizable to our immune systemsโ€”
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋ฉด์—ญ ์ฒด๊ณ„์— ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
and therefore more difficult to fight off.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ์—ผ์„ ์ด๊ฒจ๋‚ด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์–ด๋ ต์ฃ .
03:53
They can also make antiviral drugs and vaccines less effective,
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๋˜ํ•œ ํ•ญ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์ œ์™€ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
because theyโ€™re tailored very specifically to a virus.
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ํŠน์ • ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์— ๋งž์ถ˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
04:01
Thatโ€™s why we need a new flu vaccine every yearโ€”
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งค๋…„ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋…๊ฐ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
the influenza virus mutates so quickly that new strains pop up constantly.
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์ธํ”Œ๋ฃจ์—”์ž ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋Š” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋ณ€์ด๋˜์–ด ๊ณ„์† ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณ€ํ˜•์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
The slower mutation rate of coronaviruses means
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์˜ ๋Š๋ฆฐ ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด ์†๋„๋Š”
04:11
our immune systems, drugs, and vaccines
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๋ฉด์—ญ ์ฒด๊ณ„, ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด
04:14
might be able to recognize them for longer after infection,
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๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€ ์ธ์‹ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
and therefore protect us better.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
04:21
Still, we donโ€™t know how long our bodies remain immune to different coronaviruses.
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์•„์ง ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์— ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฉด์—ญ์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
Thereโ€™s never been an approved treatment or vaccine for a coronavirus.
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์— ์Šน์ธ๋œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋‚˜ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
We havenโ€™t focused on treating the ones that cause colds,
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๊ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํž˜์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ฃ .
04:32
and though scientists began developing treatments for SARS and MERS,
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์Šค์™€ ๋ฉ”๋ฅด์Šค ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
04:36
the epidemics ended before those treatments completed clinical trials.
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์ž„์ƒ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘์ด ์ข…์‹๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
As we continue to encroach on other animalsโ€™ habitats,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์˜ ์„œ์‹์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ž ์‹ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
04:43
some scientists say a new coronavirus jumping to humans is inevitableโ€”
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์—๊ฒŒ ํผ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
but if we investigate these unknowns, it doesnโ€™t have to be devastating.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฏธ์ง€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•ด๋‚˜๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ”ผํ•ด๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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