Why are eating disorders so hard to treat? - Anees Bahji

1,611,387 views ・ 2022-05-19

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Jinyoung Lee κ²€ν† : DK Kim
00:07
Globally, about 10% of people
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μ „ 세계 인ꡬ의 μ•½ 10%λŠ”
00:09
will experience an eating disorder during their lifetime.
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μ‚΄λ©΄μ„œ 섭식 μž₯μ• λ₯Ό κ²½ν—˜ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:13
And yet, eating disorders are profoundly misunderstood.
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κ·ΈλŸΌμ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³  섭식 μž₯μ• λŠ” 근본적으둜 μ˜€ν•΄λ₯Ό λ°›κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:17
Misconceptions about everything from symptoms to treatment,
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μ¦μƒμ—μ„œλΆ€ν„° μΉ˜λ£ŒκΉŒμ§€ λͺ¨λ“  것에 λŒ€ν•œ 잘λͺ»λœ 인식은
00:21
make it difficult to navigate an eating disorder
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섭식 μž₯μ• λ₯Ό κ·Ήλ³΅ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
00:24
or support someone you love as they do so.
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μ‚¬λž‘ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ§€μ§€ν•˜κΈ° μ–΄λ ΅κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:26
So let’s walk through what isβ€” and isn’tβ€” true about eating disorders.
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섭식 μž₯애에 λŒ€ν•œ 사싀과 그렇지 μ•Šμ€ 것을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:31
First, what is an eating disorder?
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첫째, 섭식 μž₯μ• λž€ λ¬΄μ—‡μΌκΉŒμš”?
00:34
Eating disorders are a range of psychiatric conditions
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섭식 μž₯μ• λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬ 가지 μ •μ‹ μ˜ν•™μ  μƒνƒœλ‘œμ„œ
00:38
characterized by these main patterns of behavior:
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λ‹€μŒκ³Ό 같은 행동 양식이 μ£Όμš” νŠΉμ§•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:41
restricting food intake, bingeing, or rapidly consuming large amounts of food,
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μŒμ‹ μ„­μ·¨ μ œν•œ, 폭식 λ˜λŠ” λ§Žμ€ μŒμ‹μ„ κΈ‰ν•˜κ²Œ μ„­μ·¨ν•˜λŠ” 것,
00:46
and purging or eliminating calories
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그리고 μ—΄λŸ‰μ„ μ œκ±°ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ μ—†μ• λŠ” 데에
00:48
through vomiting, laxatives, excessive exercise, and other harmful means.
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ꡬ토, μ™„ν•˜μ œ, κ³Όλ„ν•œ μš΄λ™, λ‹€λ₯Έ ν•΄λ‘œμš΄ 방법듀을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것.
00:53
An eating disorder can involve any one or any combination of these behaviors.
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섭식 μž₯μ• λŠ” 이런 행동 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜ λ˜λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬ 가지가 μ„žμ—¬ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:58
For example, people living with anorexia
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예λ₯Ό λ“€λ©΄ μ‹μš•λΆ€μ§„μ¦μ΄ μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ€
01:00
usually restrict the amount of food they eat,
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보톡 μŒμ‹μ˜ 양을 μ œν•œν•˜λŠ” 반면,
01:03
while bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder
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μ‹ κ²½μ„± ν­μ‹μ¦μ΄λΌλŠ” 섭식 μž₯μ• λŠ”
01:06
characterized by recurrent binges and purges.
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반볡적인 폭식과 κ°λŸ‰μ΄ νŠΉμ§•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:10
Importantly, these behaviors determine whether someone has an eating disorder.
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μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것은 이런 행동듀이 섭식 μž₯μ•  μ—¬λΆ€λ₯Ό κ²°μ •ν•œλ‹€λŠ” μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:15
You can’t tell whether someone has an eating disorder
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섭식 μž₯μ•  μ—¬λΆ€λŠ” μ²΄μ€‘λ§ŒμœΌλ‘œλŠ” μ•Œ 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:17
from their weight alone.
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01:19
People who weigh what medical professionals might consider
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κ±΄κ°•ν•œ λ²”μœ„μ— μ†ν•œλ‹€κ³  의료 전문가듀이 μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
01:22
a healthy range can have eating disorders,
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섭식 μž₯μ• κ°€ μžˆμ„ 수 있고
01:25
including severe ones that damage their long-term health in invisible ways,
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μž₯κΈ°κ°„μœΌλ‘œ 쑰용히 건강을 ν•΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ‹¬κ°ν•œ 것일 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:30
including osteoporosis, anemia, heart damage, and kidney damage.
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골닀곡증, 빈혈,
심μž₯ 손상, μ‹ μž₯ μ†μƒμ²˜λŸΌμš”.
01:36
Just as we can’t tell whether someone has an eating disorder
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μ²΄μ€‘λ§ŒμœΌλ‘œλŠ” 섭식 μž₯μ•  μ—¬λΆ€λ₯Ό μ•Œ 수 없듯이,
01:39
based on their weight alone,
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01:41
we can’t get rid of these disorders simply by eating differently.
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λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ 식단을 λ°”κΎΈλŠ” κ²ƒλ§ŒμœΌλ‘œλŠ” 섭식 μž₯μ• λ₯Ό 없앨 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:45
That’s because eating disorders are, at their core, psychiatric illnesses.
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 섭식 μž₯μ• μ˜ 근원은 μ •μ‹  μ§ˆν™˜μ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:50
From what we understand,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ•„λŠ” λ°”λ‘œλŠ” 섭식 μž₯μ• λŠ” μžμ•„ 인식에 지μž₯을 μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:51
they involve a disruption to someone’s self-perception.
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01:55
Most people who experience them are severely critical of themselves
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섭식 μž₯μ• κ°€ μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ€ μžμ‹ μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λͺΉμ‹œ λΉ„νŒμ μ΄κ³ 
01:58
and report many self-perceived flaws.
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슀슀둜 단점이 λ§Žλ‹€κ³  μΈμ‹ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:02
They may use eating to try to regain some control
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그듀은 λ¨ΉλŠ” ν–‰μœ„λ₯Ό 톡해 내적 ν˜Όλž€μ— λŒ€ν•œ
02:05
over an internal sense of chaos.
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ν†΅μ œλ ₯을 되찾으렀 ν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:09
We still don’t know exactly what causes eating disorders.
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섭식 μž₯μ• λ₯Ό μΌμœΌν‚€λŠ” μ •ν™•ν•œ 원인은 μ—¬μ „νžˆ μ•Œ 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:12
There likely isn’t a single cause, but a combination
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원인은 ν•œ 가지가 μ•„λ‹ˆκ³ 
μœ μ „κ³Ό ν™˜κ²½ μœ„ν—˜ μš”μΈμ΄ κ²°ν•©ν•˜μ—¬ μž‘μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ„ κ°€λŠ₯성이 ν½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:15
of genetic and environmental risk factors that contribute.
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02:19
Sometimes, other mental illnessesβ€” like depression or anxietyβ€”
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λ•Œλ‘œλŠ” 우울증 λ˜λŠ” λΆˆμ•ˆ 같은 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ •μ‹  μ§ˆν™˜μ΄
02:23
can cause symptoms of eating disorders.
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섭식 μž₯μ•  증상을 μœ λ°œν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:26
In addition, certain psychological factors,
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κ²Œλ‹€κ°€ μ–΄λ–€ 정신적인 μš”μΈλ“€,
02:29
such as perfectionism and body image dissatisfaction,
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μ™„λ²½μ£Όμ˜λ‚˜ 신체 뢈만쑱 같은 것듀도
02:32
are risk factors for eating disorders.
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섭식 μž₯μ• μ˜ μœ„ν—˜ μš”μΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:36
Several social factors contribute, too,
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μ‚¬νšŒμ  μš”μΈλ“€λ„ μ—­μ‹œ 원인이 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:38
including internalized weight stigma, exposure to bullying,
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λ‚΄μž¬ν™”λœ 체쀑 낙인, 집단 κ΄΄λ‘­νž˜μ„ κ²ͺλŠ” 것,
02:43
racial and ethnic assimilation, and limited social networks.
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인쒅 및 λ―Όμ‘± 동화, 쒁은 인간 관계 같은 κ²ƒλ“€μ΄μš”.
02:48
Although there is a common misconception that only women
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μ—¬μ„±λ“€λ§Œ 섭식 μž₯μ• λ₯Ό κ²ͺλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” μ˜€ν•΄κ°€ ν”ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
02:51
experience eating disorders,
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02:53
people of all genders can be affected.
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λͺ¨λ“  성이 영ν–₯을 받을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:56
As these disorders intimately affect the development
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섭식 μž₯μ• λŠ” 정체성과 자쑴감의 λ°œλ‹¬μ— λ°€μ ‘ν•˜κ²Œ 영ν–₯을 미치기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
02:58
of one’s identity and self-esteem,
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03:01
people are particularly vulnerable to developing them during adolescence.
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μ²­μ†Œλ…„κΈ°μ— 그것듀을 ν‚€μš°λŠ” 것에 특히 어렀움이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:06
Although these are among the most challenging
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비둝 이듀은 μΉ˜λ£Œν•˜κΈ° κ°€μž₯ μ–΄λ €μš΄ μ •μ‹  μ§ˆν™˜λ“€ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ§Œ,
03:08
psychiatric disorders to treat,
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03:10
effective therapies and interventions exist,
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효과적인 μΉ˜λ£Œμ™€ μ€‘μž¬κ°€ 있고,
03:13
and many people who receive treatment make a full recovery.
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치료λ₯Ό λ°›μœΌλ©΄ μ™„μ „νžˆ νšŒλ³΅λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:17
Treatment has a higher chance of success the earlier it starts
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μΉ˜λ£ŒλŠ” 병적인 μ‹μŠ΅κ΄€μ΄ 생긴 이후
03:20
after someone develops disordered eating behaviors.
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일찍 μ‹œμž‘ν• μˆ˜λ‘ 성곡할 ν™•λ₯ μ΄ λ†’μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:23
But unfortunately, less than half of people with an eating disorder
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λΆˆν–‰ν•˜κ²Œλ„ 섭식 μž₯μ• κ°€ μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€ 쀑 μ ˆλ°˜λ„ μ•ˆ λ˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
03:27
will seek and receive treatment.
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병원을 μ°Ύκ³  치료λ₯Ό 받을 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:30
Because of the complex effects of eating disorders
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섭식 μž₯μ• κ°€ λͺΈκ³Ό 마음 λͺ¨λ‘μ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 볡합적인 영ν–₯ λ•Œλ¬Έμ—,
03:32
on both the body and the mind,
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03:34
treatment usually includes a combination of nutritional counseling and monitoring,
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μΉ˜λ£ŒλŠ” 보톡 μ˜μ–‘ 상담과 감독,
03:39
psychotherapy, and in some cases, medications.
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심리 치료, 그리고 μ–΄λ–€ κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” μ•½λ¬Ό μš”λ²•λ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:43
Evidence-based psychotherapies exist as treatments for most eating disorders,
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κ·Όκ±°λ₯Ό 기초둜 ν•œ 심리 μΉ˜λ£Œκ°€ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 섭식 μž₯애에 λŒ€ν•œ μΉ˜λ£Œλ²•μ΄λ©°
03:47
including cognitive-behavioral therapy and family-based therapy.
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인지 행동 μΉ˜λ£Œμ™€ κ°€μ‘± 바탕 μΉ˜λ£Œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:52
These are talk-therapies that help people gain the skills
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이듀은 λŒ€ν™” μΉ˜λ£Œλ‘œμ„œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
03:54
to deal with underlying psychological problems
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섭식 μž₯μ•  증상을 μœ λ°œν•˜λŠ” 근본적인 심리적 λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ„
03:57
that drive eating disorder symptoms.
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λ‹€λ£¨λŠ” κΈ°μˆ μ„ μ΅νžˆλ„λ‘ λ•μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:00
Because not all patients will respond to these treatments,
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이런 μΉ˜λ£Œκ°€ λͺ¨λ“  ν™˜μžλ“€μ—κ²Œ 효과λ₯Ό λ³΄μ΄λŠ” 것은 μ•„λ‹ˆκΈ°μ—
04:03
researchers are also investigating treatments outside of psychotherapy,
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연ꡬ원듀은 λ˜ν•œ 심리 치료 μ™Έμ˜ μΉ˜λ£Œλ²•μœΌλ‘œμ„œ
04:07
such as transcranial magnetic stimulation.
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κ²½λ‘κ°œ 자기 자극술 같은 방법도 μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:11
Proper treatment can reduce the chances of dying from a severe eating disorder.
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μ μ ˆν•œ μΉ˜λ£ŒλŠ” μ‹¬κ°ν•œ 섭식 μž₯μ• λ‘œ μΈν•œ 사망 κ°€λŠ₯성을 쀄일 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:17
Eating disorders can provoke a powerful sense of powerlessness,
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섭식 μž₯μ• λŠ” μ‹¬κ°ν•œ 무λ ₯감을 λΆˆλŸ¬μΌμœΌν‚¬ 수 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ,
04:22
but education for individuals, families, and communities
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개인, κ°€μ‘±κ³Ό 곡동체λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ κ΅μœ‘μ€
04:26
helps erode the stigma and improve access to treatment.
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μΉ˜λ£Œμ— λŒ€ν•œ 낙인을 λΆˆμ‹ν•˜κ³  인식을 κ°œμ„ ν•˜λŠ” 데 도움을 μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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