It's time for women to run for office | Halla Tómasdóttir

譯者: Melody Tang

I feel incredibly lucky

我感到非常的幸運，

to be from a country

因為我來自一個

that's generally considered to be the best place in the world

被國際間公認為

對女性而言最好的國家。

to be a woman.

In 1975, when I was seven years old,

在 1975 年，那時我七歲，

women in Iceland went on a strike.

冰島的女性舉行了一次罷工。

They did no work that day,

那一天她們什麼工作都沒有做，

whether they held professional jobs

無論她們是從事專業工作的職業女性，

or had the work of the home.

還是在家料理家務的主婦。

They marched into the center of Reykjavík --

她們去到雷科威亞克的市中心 進行遊行示威，

90 percent of women participated --

──有百分之九十的女性參與──

and peacefully and in solidarity

她們和平地並且團結地，

asked for equality.

要求平等對待女性。

Nothing worked in Iceland that day,

那一天，在冰島沒有任何事情完成。

because nothing works when women are not at work.

因為當女性離開了工作崗位時 沒有任何事會有成效。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Five years later, Icelanders had the courage

五年後，冰島人有了勇氣

to be the first country in the world

成為世界上第一個

to democratically elect a woman as their president.

通過民主選舉產生一位女性 來擔任他們總統的國家。

I will never forget this day,

我永遠都不會忘記這一天，

that President Vigdís, as we know her by her first name,

那天總統 Vigdís， 我們都直接稱呼她的名字，

stepped out on the balcony of her own home,

在贏得選舉後， 她走出來到她自己家的陽台上，

a single mom with her daughter by her side as she had won.

她是一位單身母親， 身邊是她的女兒。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

This woman was an incredible role model

這位女性是一位了不起的榜樣，

for me and everyone growing up at that time,

對於我以及每一個 成長在那個年代的人，

including boys.

也包括男孩子。

She frequently shares the story of how a young boy approached her

她經常分享一個故事 是關於一個年輕的男孩

after a couple of terms in office

在她多任當選總統後接近她

and asked, "Can boys really grow up to be president?"

問她：「男孩們真的能夠 長大後成為一位總統嗎？」

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

Role models really matter,

榜樣真的很重要。

but even with such strong role models

但是即使有這樣一些強大的

who I am so grateful for,

我所感激的榜樣，

當我被勸說去就任總統時，

when I was encouraged to run for president,

my first reaction was, "Who am I to run for president?

我的第一個反應是 「我是能競選總統的人嗎？」

Who am I to be president?"

「我是能夠成為總統的人嗎？」

It turns out that women

事實證明，

女性比男性更少考慮參與選舉，

are less likely to consider running than men.

So a study done in the US in 2011

2011 年，在美國做的一項研究

顯示 62% 的男性曾考慮過競選公職，

showed that 62 percent of men had considered running for office,

but 45 percent of women.

而女性只有 45%。

That's gap of 16 percentage points,

這可是16個百分點的差距，

and it's the same gap that existed a decade earlier.

並且和十年前的差距一樣。

And it really is a shame,

這事真的令人羞愧，

because I am so convinced that the world is in real need for women leaders

因為我確信這個世界 急需女性領袖，

and more principle-based leadership

以及，就一般而言， 更多有原則的領導。

in general.

So my decision to run

所以我參選的決定

ultimately came down to the fact

最後是因為

that I felt

我覺得

that I had to do my bit,

我必須盡自己的一份力量，

even if I had no political experience,

就算我沒有從政的經驗，

to step up and try to be part of creating the world

也要站出來

嘗試為我們的孩子

創造一個合理而能持續的世界，

that will make sense and be sustainable

for our kids,

and a world where we truly allow both our boys and girls

一個可以讓我們的男孩女孩

可以成為他們想要成為的樣子的世界。

to be all they can be.

而這是我人生最重要的旅程。

And it was the journey of my life.

It was amazing.

它是那麼的不可思議。

The journey started with potentially as many as 20 candidates.

在這旅程的開展的時候， 我有 20 位可能的對手。

It boiled down to nine candidates qualifying,

後來只有九位符合資格。

and ultimately the race came down to four of us,

而最後，參選人是我們四位，

three men and me.

三位男士和我。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

But that's not all the drama yet.

但這還不是最精彩的部分。

You may think you have drama in the US,

你可能認為美國的選舉己經夠精彩了，

but I can --

但我可以

（笑聲）

(Laughter)

我可以向你保證，

I can assure you we had our own drama in Iceland.

在冰島我們有屬於我們的精華片段。

當時我們那位已經出任了 20 年的總統，

So our sitting president of 20 years

最初宣佈他將不會參與競選。

announced initially that he was not going to run,

which is probably what gave rise

這也許就是一開始 有那麼多人考慮參選的原因。

to so many candidates considering running.

Then later he changed his mind

但後來他卻改變了他的想法，

when our prime minister resigned

當時我們的總理

following the infamous Panama Papers

由於臭名昭著的巴拿馬文件

that implicated him and his family.

牽連到他和他的家人提出辭呈。

And there was a popular protest in Iceland,

當時冰島正在舉行一場 備受關注的抗議遊行。

so the sitting president thought they needed a trusted leader.

在位的總統意識到 人民需要一位他們信任的領袖。

然而幾天後，他的妻子 舆其家族企業之間的關係

A few days later, relations to his wife and her family's companies

亦在巴拿馬文件中曝光，

were also discovered in the Panama Papers,

and so he withdrew from the race again.

所以他再次退出競選。

Before doing so, he said he was doing that

在退出競選之前，他表示他這麼做

because now there were two qualified men

是因為現在已經有兩位夠資格的男士，

who he felt could fill his shoes running for office.

他認為他們有能力接替他 去維持政府的運作。

So on May 9, 45 days before election day,

因此，在五月九日， 選舉的 45 天前，

it was not looking too good for me.

形勢對我來説不太有利。

I did not even make the graph in the newspaper.

在報紙上的競選統計， 没有我的蹤影。

在民意調查中我只有 1% 的支持率，

The polls had me at 1 percent,

這支持率卻是在宣佈參選的 女性候選人中最高的。

but that was still the highest

that any woman announcing her candidacy had earned.

So it would be an understatement to say that I had to work extremely hard

這樣說有點輕描淡寫， 但我必須付出萬分的努力

to get my seat at the table

才能讓我在這選舉中佔一席位，

and access to television,

並擁有上電視的資格。

because the network decided that they would only include

因為在電視台決定他們只邀請

those with 2.5 percent or more in the polls

民意調查中支持率超過 2.5% 的候選人

in the first TV debate.

參加第一次的電視辯論。

I found out on the afternoon of the first TV debate

在第一次電視辯論當天的下午，

我發現我可以與三位男士 一同參與辫論，

that I would participate along with the three men,

and I found out on live TV

當時我在看電視直播發現

that I came in at exactly 2.5 percent on the day of the first TV debate.

我的支持率就在辯論當日 剛好達到 2.5%。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

So, challenges.

挑戰接踵而來。

The foremost challenges I had to face and overcome on this journey

在這旅程中，第一個我要面對的挑戰

和媒體政治、背景、錢有關。

had to do with media, muscle and money.

Let's start with media.

先從媒體説起，

There are those who say gender doesn't matter

有些人說在媒體和政治方面

when it comes to media and politics.

性别是平等的。

I can't say that I agree.

我並不同意這點。

It proved harder for me to both get access and airtime in media.

我較難獲得機會上媒體受訪或曝光。

As a matter of fact, the leading candidate appeared in broadcast media

事實上領先的候選人 一直在媒體上曝光，

87 times in the months leading up to the elections,

在選舉前的一個月内， 他曝光了 87 次，

whereas I appeared 31 times.

而我只有 31 次。

And I am not saying media is doing this consciously.

我不是説媒體故意這麼做。

I think largely this has to do with unconscious bias,

我認為這件事與下意識的偏見有關，

because in media, much like everywhere else,

因為在媒體，其實和其他地方一樣，

we have both conscious and unconscious bias,

我們都有有意識和潛意識的偏見。

and we need to have the courage to talk about it if we want to change it.

如果想要改變這現狀， 我們必須有談論這現狀的勇氣。

When I finally got access to TV,

當我終於有資格上電視，

the first question I got was, "Are you going to quit?"

問我的第一條問題是 「你會不會退出?」

And that was a hard one.

這是個很難回答的問題。

But of course, with 1 percent to 2.5 percent in the polls,

在支持率只有 1% 到 2.5% 的情況下，

maybe it's understandable.

問這問題是可以被理解的。

But media really matters, and every time I appeared on TV,

媒體的關注度的確相當的重要。

每當我在電視上曝光後，

we saw and experienced a rise in the polls,

支持率都會上升。

so I know firsthand how much this matters

所以我很清楚知道 媒體的影響力有多大，

and why we have to talk about it.

這也是為什麽我們必須討論這件事。

I was the only one out of the final four candidates

在最後四位候選人當中，

that never got a front page interview.

我是唯一一個從來没有頭版採訪的。

I was sometimes left out of the questions asked of all other candidates

在必答題的部分，有時候我會被遺漏，

and out of coverage about the elections.

同樣的事情也發生在 關於選舉的報導上。

So I did face this,

我接受了現實，

but I will say this to compliment the Icelandic media.

而我必須讚揚冰島的傳媒。

I got few if any comments about my hair and pantsuit.

我幾乎沒有在外表上 被大肆評頭品足。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

So kudos to them.

感激他們。

But there is another experience that's very important.

還有—個我必須提及的重要經歷。

I ran as an independent candidate,

我是以獨立候選人的身份參選，

not with any political party or muscle behind me.

我没有政黨支持或是政治背景。

That lack of experience

缺乏經驗，

and lack of access to resources

以及缺乏資源，

probably came at a cost to our campaign,

或許在我們的競選中付出了代價。

but it also allowed us to innovate and do politics differently.

但它也讓我們創新， 以不一樣的形式參舆政治。

We ran a positive campaign,

我們做了正面的競選活動，

and we probably changed the tone of the election for others by doing that.

透過這樣的運作， 我們或許改變了整個選舉的格調。

It may be the reason why I had less airtime on TV,

我在電視上曝光率較低的原因

because I wanted to show other contenders respect.

可能是因為我想 向其他候選人表示尊重。

When access to media proved to be so difficult,

當在媒體難以曝光的時候，

we ran our own media.

我們選擇經營我們自己的媒體。

I ran live Facebook sessions

我在臉書做了幾個直播時段

where I took questions from voters on anything and responded on the spot.

在直播中我會回答任何民眾的提問 並做即時回應。

And we put all the questions I got and all the answers on an open Facebook

我們會把所有的提問 及答覆在臉書上公開。

because we thought transparency is important

因為我們明白當你想要建立信任時，

if you want to establish trust.

透明性很重要。

And when reaching young voters proved to be challenging,

而我們發現很難接觸到年輕的選民時，

I became a Snapchatter.

我開始使用 Snapchat。

I got young people to teach me how to do that,

我請年輕人教我使用 Snapchat，

and I used every filter on Snapchat during the last part of the campaign.

在競選活動的後期， 我用遍了所有 Snapchat 上的濾鏡。

And I actually had to use a lot of humor and humility, as I was very bad at it.

由於我真的不太會用 我必須表現出相當的幽默和人性化。

But we grew the following amongst young people by doing that.

但在過程中， 我們獲得了年輕人的關注。

So it's possible to run a different type of campaign.

所以說不—樣的競選活動 並非只是紙上談兵。

But unfortunately, one cannot talk about politics without mentioning money.

不幸的是， 參與政治需要資金。

I am sad that it is that way, but it's true,

雖然可悲，卻是現實。

and we had less financial resources than the other candidates.

比起其他候選人， 我們的經濟來源明顯不足。

This probably was partly due to the fact

一部分或許是因為

that I think I had a harder time asking for financial support.

對於尋求經濟支援， 我感到相當的尷尬。

And maybe I also had the ambition to do more with less.

又或許因為我有以小博大的野心。

Some would call that very womanly of me.

有人會認為這展現了我女性化的一面。

But even with one third the media, one third the financial resources,

但就算只有三分之一的曝光率， 三分之一的經濟資源，

and only an entrepreneurial team, but an amazing team,

只有一個沒什麼經驗的團隊， 但它是一個很棒的團隊，

we managed to surprise everyone on election night,

我們仍能在投票日的晚上 為大家帶來驚喜。

when the first numbers came in.

剛開始開票的時候，

I surprised myself, as you may see in that photo.

你可以從照片上看到， 連我自己也被自己嚇到了。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

So the first numbers,

剛開票的時候，

I came in neck to neck to the leading candidate.

我的票數與領先的候選人的票數 幾乎不分軒輊。

(Cheers)

（歡呼聲）（掌聲）

Well, too early, because I didn't quite pull that,

嗯，還太早，因為我最後沒贏，

but I came in second,

但是我是第二名。

and we went a long way from the one percent,

從一個百分點到這裡 我們走了很長的一條路，

with nearly a third of the vote,

幾乎拿到三分之一的票數。

and we beat the polls by an unprecedented margin,

而且我們以前所未有的幅度 擊敗了民意調查，

or 10 percentage points above what the last poll came in at.

比最後的民意調查結果多了百分之十。

Some people call me the real winner of the election because of this,

因此有些人認為 我是這個選舉的真正的贏家，

and there are many people who encouraged me to run again.

有許多人鼓勵我再接再厲

But what really makes me proud

但是讓我真正驕傲的是，

is to know that I earned

我得知

proportionately higher percentage support from the young people,

我在比率上得到更多年輕人的支持，

and a lot of people encouraged my daughter to run in 2040.

許多人鼓勵我女兒在 2040 年參選。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

She is 13,

她 13 歲，

and she had never been on TV before.

從來沒有上過電視。

And on election day, I observed her on TV repeatedly,

在選舉那天， 我一直在電視上看著她，

and she was smart, she was self-confident,

她很聰明，很有自信，

she was sincere, and she was supportive of her mother.

她很真誠，她對她的母親很支持。

This was probably the highlight of my campaign.

這可能是我的選舉的亮點。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

But there was another one.

還有一點。

These are preschool girls out on a walk,

有一些學齡前女孩走在街上，

她們在公車站看到我的海報，

and they found a poster of me on a bus stop,

and they saw the need to kiss it.

她們覺得要親這張海報。

Audience: Aw!

（聽眾）哇！

This picture was really enough of a win for me.

這張相片足夠讓我覺得我贏了。

What we see, we can be.

我們看到的，我們可以做到。

So screw fear and challenges.

管他什麼恐懼和挑戰。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

It matters that women run,

女性參選的意義極其重大，

and it's time for women to run for office,

而且女性掌政的時機也成熟了，

be it the office of the CEO or the office of the president.

不論是在執行長的職位，

或是總統。

I also managed to put an impression on your very own "New Yorker."

我也出現在你們的《紐約人》雜誌上。

I earned a new title, "A living emoji of sincerity."

我得到一個新的頭銜， 「真誠的活代表符號」

(Cheers)

（歡呼聲）

It is possibly my proudest title yet,

這可能是我目前為止 最讓我自豪的頭銜，

and the reason is that women too often get penalized

理由是女性太常

因使用我所謂的情緒資本而被懲罰，

for using what I call their emotional capital,

but I know from experience that we become so good

但我從經驗得知，

就是因為我們那樣做才變得如此好。

when we do just that.

(Applause)

（掌聲）

And we need more of that.

而且我們需要更多的情緒資本。

We celebrated as if we had won on election night,

我們好像選贏了一樣在慶祝，

because that's how we felt.

因為我們覺得是如此。

So you don't necessarily have to reach that office.

所以你不一定要當選。

You just have to go for it,

你只是需要嘗試。

and you, your family, your friends, everyone working with you,

而且你、你的家庭、你的朋友、 與你一起工作的每一個人，

if you do it well, you will grow beyond anything you will experience before.

如果你做得好，你就會成長 並超越所有你曾體驗過的。

So we had a good time,

所以，我們很快樂。

and I learned a lot on this journey,

同時我在這個旅程學到很多，

probably more lessons than I can share here

遠遠多於今天我在這裡的時間內

in the time we have today.

可以和您們分享的。

But rest assured, it was hard work.

確定的是，這件事很難做。

I lost a lot of sleep during those months.

在那幾個月我睡得很少。

It took resilience and perseverance to not quit,

不退出選舉需要回彈力，和堅持，

but I learned something that I knew before on the one percent day,

但得到一個百分點支持率的那天 我再度了解到我以前就知道的，

and that is that you can only be good

那就是當你真正的、真實的 聽你自己的聲音，

when you are truly, authentically listening to your own voice

而且採取一致的行動的時候，

and working in alignment with that.

你就做得很好了。

As a good sister of mine sometimes says,

誠如我的一個好姐妹有時會說，

you may cheat on your intuition,

你可能會欺騙你的直覺，

but your intuition never cheats on you.

但你的直覺永遠不會欺騙你。

I think it's also very important, and you all know this,

我想你們也都知道，

that on any journey you go on,

在你的任何旅途，

it's the team you take along.

與你同行的團隊極其重要。

It's having people around you who share your values, your vision,

讓與你有同樣價值和視野的人圍繞你，

but are different in every other way.

他們可以在其他方面與你不同。

That's the formula for success for me,

那是我成功的配方，

and I am blessed with an amazing husband,

我很幸運有一個很棒的先生，

here today,

今天他在場，

an incredible family --

一個很棒的家庭──

(Applause)

（掌聲）

and great friends,

以及很棒的朋友們，

and we came together as entrepreneurs in the political arena,

我們一起成為政治舞台上的企業家，

and pulled something off that everyone said would be impossible.

並做到了大家都說不可能的事。

As a matter of fact, the leading PR expert told me

事實上，一位知名的公關專家

在我還未決定參選前告訴我，

before I made my decision

that I would do well to get seven percent.

我能拿到百分之七的票數就算很好了。

I appreciated his perspective, because he was probably right,

我感謝他的觀點， 因為他可能是對的，

and he was basing it on valuable experience.

基於他寶貴的經驗。

But on the one percent day,

但是在一個百分點的那天，

I decided here to show him that he was wrong.

我決定要讓他知道他是錯的。

It's very important to mention this, because I did lose a lot of sleep,

我覺得我必須提到這點， 因為我真的睡很少，

and I worked hard, and so did the people with me.

而且我很努力，和我一起的人也是。

We can never go the distance if we forget to take care of ourselves.

如果我們忘記照顧自己。 我們永遠不能走得遠。

And it's two things that I think are very important in that,

對於這點我認為有兩件事非常重要，

in surrounding yourself with people and practices that nourish you,

讓能夠滋養你的人和做法 圍繞著你是很重要，

但同樣重要，或許更重要的是

but it's equally important, maybe even more important,

to have the courage to get rid of people and practices

要有勇氣去除掉 讓你消耗能量的人和做法，

that take away your energy,

including the wonderful bloggers and commentators.

包括美好的博主和評論員。

I took a lot of support from others in doing this,

在做此事時我在別處得到許多支持，

and I made the decision to go high when others went low,

而且我決定在別人 使用不當手段時反向而行，

and that's partly how I kept my energy going throughout all of this.

這可能是支持我 度過這一切的部分原因。

And when I lost my energy for a moment --

在我失去能量的瞬間──

and I did from time to time, it wasn't easy --

我偶而會如此， 因為參選實在不容易──

I went back to why I decided to run,

我就回想我為什麼決定參選，

and how I had decided to run my own race.

以及我決定要如何競選。

I called it a 4G campaign,

我稱它為 4G 選戰，

the G's representing the Icelandic words.

這些 G 代表冰島字。

And the first one is called "Gagn."

第一個是「Gagn」。

I ran to do good,

我為了做好事而參選，

to be of service,

為了服務他人，

and I wanted servant leadership

以及我要公僕領導

to be at the center of how I worked and everybody else in the campaign.

成為我和競選中每個人的工作中心。

Second one is "Gleði," or joy.

第二是「Gleði」，或是喜悅。

I decided to enjoy the journey.

我決定要享受這個旅程。

There was a lot to be taken out of the journey,

這個旅程要做很多事，

no matter if the destination was reached or not.

不管我們是否到達終點。

And I tried my utmost to inspire others to do so as well.

我竭盡所能嘗試去 鼓舞其他人也如此做。

Third is "Gagnsæi."

第三是 「Gagnsæi」。

我接受任何問題。

I was open to any questions.

I kept no secrets,

我沒有秘密，

and it was all open, on Facebook and websites.

全部都公開在臉書和網站上。

Because I think if you're choosing your president,

因為我認為如果你在選的你的總統，

you deserve answers to your questions.

你的問題應該被回答。

Last but not least,

最後但並非最不重要的，

I don't need to explain that in this room,

我不需要在此解釋這個，

we ran on the principle of Girlpower.

我們以女性力量的原則參選。

(Cheers)

（歡呼聲）

I am incredibly glad

我非常高興

that I had the courage to run,

我有勇氣參選，

to risk failure but receive success

冒著失敗的結果

但是在許多的層次上得到成功。

on so many levels.

I can't tell you that it was easy,

我不能說參選很容易，

but I can tell you,

但我可以告訴你們，

and I think my entire team will agree with me,

我想我的全體團隊也會同意，

that it was worth it.

那是值得的。

Thank you.

謝謝！

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Thank you.

謝謝！

Thank you.

謝謝！

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Pat Mitchell: I'm not letting you go yet.

（帕特·米切爾）我還不能讓你走。

Halla Tómasdóttir: What a great crowd.

（哈拉·投馬斯豆提爾） 很棒的一群聽眾。

PM: I can't let you go without saying

（PM）還不能讓你走，我還沒說

that probably everybody in the room is ready to move to Iceland

可能在座的每個人都想要搬到冰島

and vote for you.

去選你。

But of course we probably can't vote there,

但是當然我們可能在那裡無法投票，

but one thing we can get from Iceland

但是我們可以從冰島得到

and have always gotten is inspiration.

並且已經得到鼓舞。

I mean, I'm old enough to remember 1975

以我的年紀，我還記得 1975 年

when all the Icelandic women walked out,

當所有的冰島女性罷工，

and that really was a very big factor in launching the women's movement.

那時真的有一個非常大的因素 引發了婦女運動。

You made a reference to it earlier. I'd love to bring the picture back up

你在先前有提到這個。 我想要再亮出這個相片

and just have us remember what it was like when a country came to a standstill.

讓我們記得國家停頓時是什麼樣子。

And then what you may not know

那時，你們可能不知道

because our American media did not report it,

因為我們美國媒體沒有報導，

the Icelandic women walked out again on Monday. Right?

冰島女性在星期一又罷工，對嗎？

HT: Yes, they did. PM: Can you tell us about that?

（HT）是的。 （PM）你可以和我們分享嗎？

HT: Yes, so 41 years after the original strike,

（HT）好，在原先那罷工的 41 年後，

we may be the best place in the world to be a woman,

我們或許住在 世界上對女人最好的地方，

but our work isn't done.

但是我們的工作還未完成。

So at 2:38pm on Monday,

所以在星期一下午 2 點 38 分，

women in Iceland left work,

在冰島的女性罷工，

because that's when they had earned their day's salary.

因為那時她們已經賺到那天的工錢，

(Applause)

（掌聲）

What's really cool about this

這件事最酷的是，

is that young women and men participated

年輕的女人和男人參與的人數

in greater numbers than before,

遠遠超過以前，

because it is time that we close the pay gap.

因為除掉男女工資差距的時機到了。

PM: So I'm not going to ask Halla to commit right now

（PM）我不是要請哈拉現在承諾

to what she's doing next,

她下一步要做什麼，

but I will say that you'd have a very large volunteer army

但我要說當你決定再度參選時，

should you decide to do that again.

你會有一個很大的義工群。

Thank you Halla.

哈拉，謝謝你！

HT: Thank you all.

（HT）謝謝你們大家。

(Applause)

（掌聲）