Edi Rama: Take back your city with paint

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast

譯者: Jephian Lin 審譯者: Regina Chu

In my previous life, I was an artist.

在我人生的前段，我是一個藝術家。

I still paint. I love art.

我還是有在畫畫。我愛藝術。

I love the joy that color can give to our lives

我很喜歡色彩所能帶給我們人生

and to our communities,

以及我們社會的種種，

and I try to bring something of the artist in me

並且我試著從我內心的藝術家 帶給我的政治生涯些什麼。

in my politics,

並且我試著從我內心的藝術家 帶給我的政治生涯些什麼，

and I see

而我見到

part of my job today, the reason for being here,

部份我今日的工作、以及我在這裡的原因，

not just to campaign for my party,

並不只是為我的政黨出來競選，

but for politics, and the role it can play

而是為了政治、以及能讓我們生活變得更好的那個角色。

for the better in our lives.

而是為了政治、以及能讓我們生活變得更好的那個角色。

For 11 years, I was mayor of Tirana, our capital.

我當了11年地拉那的市長，那是我們的首都。

We faced many challenges.

我們面臨許多挑戰。

Art was part of the answer,

藝術是部份的解決之道，

and my name, in the very beginning,

而我的名字，在最初的時候，

was linked with two things:

和兩件事相連結：

demolition of illegal constructions

拆除違章建築

in order to get public space back,

來取回公眾空間，

and use of colors in order to revive the hope

以及用顏色來找回 在我的城市已經消失的希望。

that had been lost in my city.

以及用顏色來找回 在我的城市已經消失的希望。

But this use of colors was not just an artistic act.

但這些色彩的使用並不只是藝術家的行徑。

Rather, it was a form of political action

相反地，這是在我剛當選時、市府預算只有零點多的情況下 的一種政治手段。

in a context when the city budget I had available

相反地，這是在我剛當選時、市府預算只有零點多的情況下 的一種政治手段。

after being elected amounted to zero comma something.

相反地，這是在我剛當選時、 市府預算只有零點多的情況下 的一種政治手段。

When we painted the first building,

當我們漆了第一棟房子，

by splashing a radiant orange on the somber gray

在房子土灰色的一面潑上亮橘色，

of a facade,

在房子土灰色的一面潑上亮橘色，

something unimaginable happened.

不可思議的事情發生了。

There was a traffic jam

交通阻塞

and a crowd of people gathered

並且人群聚集，

as if it were the location of some spectacular accident,

彷彿那裡是什麼壯觀的事件現場，

or the sudden sighting of a visiting pop star.

或者突然發現了國際巨星。

The French E.U. official in charge of the funding

負責資金援助的法國歐盟官員

rushed to block the painting.

趕忙地阻止繼續塗漆。

He screeched that he would block the financing.

他嘶吼著說他要停止資金援助。

"But why?" I asked him.

「為什麼呢？」我問他。

"Because the colors you have ordered

「因為你選的顏色

do not meet European standards," he replied.

和歐洲標準不合，」他回答道。

"Well," I told him,

「那麼，」我說，

"the surroundings do not meet European standards,

「四周都不合歐洲標準，

even though this is not what we want,

即使這不是我們想要的，

but we will choose the colors ourselves,

但我們自己會選出我們要的顏色，

because this is exactly what we want.

因為這正是我們所希望的。

And if you do not let us continue with our work,

而如果你不讓我們繼續這項工作，

I will hold a press conference here,

我會當場開一個記者會，

right now, right in this road,

就在現在，就在這條路上，

and we will tell people that you look to me

而我們會告訴世人 你看待我們的方式

just like the censors of the socialist realism era."

正如同社會現實主義時代的審查者。」

Then he was kind of troubled,

接著他似乎碰到釘子了，

and asked me for a compromise.

然後問說有沒有妥協的空間。

But I told him no, I'm sorry,

但我回答：「很抱歉，沒有，

compromise in colors is gray,

妥協在色彩上代表灰色，

and we have enough gray to last us a lifetime.

而我們一生中已經有夠多灰色了。」

(Applause)

（掌聲）

So it's time for change.

所以，是時候改變了。

The rehabilitation of public spaces

公眾空間的復甦

revived the feeling of belonging

喚起了人們已失去的 對這城市的歸屬感。

to a city that people lost.

喚起了人們已失去的 對這城市的歸屬感、

The pride of people about their own place of living,

人們對自己居住地的驕傲。

and there were feelings that had been buried

而有些感覺已被深埋了好幾年，

deep for years under the fury of the illegal,

埋在公眾空間上四處林立 又雜亂的違章建築之下。

barbaric constructions that sprang up in the public space.

埋在公眾空間上四處林立 又雜亂的違章建築之下。

And when colors came out everywhere,

而當到處都見得到新的色彩，

a mood of change started transforming the spirit of people.

一種想改變的情緒開始轉換人們的心靈。

Big noise raised up: "What is this? What is happening?

一陣搔動出現：「這是什麼？怎麼回事？

What are colors doing to us?"

顏色對我們有什麼影響嗎？」

And we made a poll,

然後我們做了一次民意投票，

the most fascinating poll I've seen in my life.

這次是我一生中見過最迷人的一次投票。

We asked people, "Do you want this action,

我們詢問民眾：「你希望有這個行動

and to have buildings painted like that?"

並且希望建築物被漆成那樣嗎？」

And then the second question was,

而第二個問題則是：

"Do you want it to stop or do you want it to continue?"

「你希望停止還是希望繼續？」

To the first question,

關於第一個問題，

63 percent of people said yes, we like it.

63%的人們回答：「是，我們喜歡這行動。」

Thirty-seven said no, we don't like it.

37%的人說：「不，我們不喜歡。」

But to the second question, half of them that didn't like it,

但是關於第二個問題，那些不喜歡這行動的人之中，

they wanted it to continue. (Laughter)

有半數的人希望繼續這行動。（笑聲）

So we noticed change.

所以我們注意到一些改變。

People started to drop less litter in the streets, for example,

比如說，人們開始減少在街道上亂丟紙屑，

started to pay taxes,

開始願意繳稅，

started to feel something they had forgotten,

開始感受到那些他們已經遺忘的感覺，

and beauty was acting as a guardsman

而「美」就如同一個守衛，

where municipal police, or the state itself, were missing.

在市區警察，或是國家本身，不在的時候繼續執勤。

One day I remember walking along a street

我記得有一天我走在一條

that had just been colored,

油漆過的街道上，

and where we were in the process of planting trees,

並且正在種植樹木，

when I saw a shopkeeper and his wife

當我見到一個雜貨店老闆及他的太太

putting a glass facade to their shop.

正在裝他們的玻璃店面。

They had thrown the old shutter

他們把舊的百葉窗丟到

in the garbage collection place.

垃圾的集中處。

"Why did you throw away the shutters?" I asked him.

「為什麼你們要把百葉窗丟掉？」我問他們。

"Well, because the street is safer now," they answered.

「嗯，因為街上現在比較安全了，」他們回答道。

"Safer? Why? They have posted more policemen here?"

「比較安全？為什麼？有更多的警力被派過來嗎？」

"Come on, man! What policemen?

「別鬧了，弟兄！哪來的警察？

You can see it for yourself. There are colors,

你可以自己看看。有新的顏色、

streetlights, new pavement with no potholes,

有街燈、路也重新鋪過沒有坑洞、

trees. So it's beautiful; it's safe."

還有新的樹。它變漂亮了；變安全了。」

And indeed, it was beauty that was giving people

而確實地，是「美」給人們

this feeling of being protected.

這種被保護的感覺。

And this was not a misplaced feeling.

而這並不是被誤導出的感覺。

Crime did fall.

犯罪率的確下降了。

The freedom that was won in 1990

1990年的自由光復

brought about a state of anarchy in the city,

在這城市帶來了好一段的無政府狀態；

while the barbarism of the '90s

而90年代的未開化狀態

brought about a loss of hope for the city.

為這城市帶來了希望的喪失。

The paint on the walls did not feed children,

牆上的彩繪並不會餵飽小孩，

nor did it tend the sick or educate the ignorant,

也不會照料病患或是教育文盲，

but it gave hope and light,

但它給了希望和光亮，

and helped to make people see

並且幫助人們看見

there could be a different way of doing things,

可以有不同的辦事方法、

a different spirit, a different feel to our lives,

不同的精神、不同的人生體悟、

and that if we brought the same energy and hope

以及一件事實，那就是當我們為我們的政治 帶來同樣的能量與精神，

to our politics, we could build a better life

我們會為彼此、以及我們的城市 建立更好的生活。

for each other and for our country.

我們會為彼此、以及我們的城市 建立更好的生活。

We removed 123,000 tons of concrete

我們單從河堤，就移除了12.3萬噸的水泥。

only from the riverbanks.

我們單從河堤，就移除了12.3萬噸的水泥。

We demolished more than 5,000 illegal buildings

我們在全城市裡，拆除多過5千棟違章建築，

all over the city,

我們在全城市裡，拆除多過5千棟違章建築，

up to eight stories high, the tallest of them.

上至八層樓高，那是它們之中最高的。

We planted 55,000 trees and bushes in the streets.

我們在街道上種了5.5萬株樹林與灌木叢。

We established a green tax,

我們創立了綠化稅，

and then everybody accepted it

接著每個人都接納它

and all businessmen paid it regularly.

且所有商人都定期繳稅。

By means of open competitions,

用開放競爭的方法，

we managed to recruit in our administration

我們計劃為我們行政部門

many young people,

招攬年輕人力，

and we thus managed to build

而且我們計劃要蓋

a de-politicized public institution

一個去政治化的公共機構，

where men and women were equally represented.

在那裡男性和女性可以有同樣的代表權。

International organizations

許多國際組織

have invested a lot in Albania during these 20 years,

在近20年已經投入阿爾巴尼亞許多資金，

not all of it well spent.

但並不是全部的資金都被妥善的利用。

When I told the World Bank directors

當我告訴世界銀行的經理們

that I wanted them to finance a project to build

我希望他們資助一個計劃， 這計劃要為市民

a model reception hall for citizens

建一個模範的市民接待中心

precisely in order to fight endemic daily corruption,

恰恰用來打擊本地特有的每日賄賂，

they did not understand me.

他們並不了解我。

But people were waiting in long queues

但人們排著長長的隊伍，

under sun and under rain

受日曬雨淋，

in order to get a certificate or just a simple answer

就為了得到一張執照或是 從兩個金屬亭子的小小窗口得到答案。

from two tiny windows of two metal kiosks.

就為了得到一張執照或是 從兩個金屬亭子的小小窗口得到答案。

They were paying in order to skip the queue,

他們為了免去排隊，那長長的隊伍，

the long queue.

而支付賄賂。

The reply to their requests was met

對於他們的要求，所遇到的回應是

by a voice coming from this dark hole,

來自這黑暗洞口傳出來的聲音，

and, on the other hand,

而另外一方面

a mysterious hand coming out to take their documents

一隻神秘的手伸出來取走他們的文件

while searching through old documents for the bribe.

同時開始找尋過去賄賂的資料。

We could change the invisible clerks within the kiosks,

我們可以調換這亭子裡的、看不見的職員，

every week, but we could not change this corrupt practice.

每週都換，但我們沒辦法改變這貪腐的發生。

"I'm convinced," I told a German official

「我被說服了，」我告訴世界銀行的一個德國官員，

with the World Bank,

「我被說服了，」我告訴世界銀行的一個德國官員，

"that it would be impossible for them to be bribed

「如果他們在德國，

if they worked in Germany,

在德國的行政機關工作，

in a German administration,

他們是不可能收受賄賂的，

just as I am convinced that if you put German officials

就如同我被說服 如果你把一個德國官員

from the German administration in those holes,

從德國行政機關調到這些洞口，

they would be bribed just the same."

他們一樣會收受賄賂一般。」

(Applause)

（掌聲）

It's not about genes.

這無關於基因。

It's not about some being with a high conscience

這也無關於你有道德

and some others having not a conscience.

而其它人沒有道德。

It's about system, it's about organization.

這是制度的問題，組織上的問題。

It's also about environment and respect.

這也是環境與尊重上的問題。

We removed the kiosks.

我們移除了小亭子。

We built the bright new reception hall

我們建了一個新的接待中心

that made people, Tirana citizens,

使得人們，那些地拉那的市民們，

think they had traveled abroad when they entered

在踏入接待中心時 會感覺他們已經到國外

to make their requests.

來遞出他們的申請。

We created an online system of control

我們設立了線上控制系統

and so speeded up all the processes.

所以加速了各個程序。

We put the citizen first, and not the clerks.

我們以市民為第一優先，然後才是職員。

The corruption in the state administration

這些國家行政機關內的貪腐，

of countries like Albania --

在一個像阿爾巴尼亞這樣的國家中

it's not up to me to say also like Greece --

（也像希臘，不是我想這麼說）

can be fought only by modernization.

只能用現代化來擊敗。

Reinventing the government by reinventing politics itself

藉由重塑政治本身來重塑政府

is the answer, and not reinventing people

才是解決之道，而不是基於一些 暨有的公式來重塑人民，

based on a ready-made formula

才是解決之道，而不是基於一些 暨有的公式來重塑人民，

that the developed world often tries in vain to impose

那些已開發國家常常 加諸在我們這樣的人民身上 而徒勞無功的公式。

to people like us.

那些已開發國家常常 加諸在我們這樣的人民身上 而徒勞無功的公式。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Things have come to this point

由於大多的政治人物， 尤其是我們國家的，我們必須承認，

because politicians in general,

由於大多的政治人物， 尤其是我們國家的，我們必須承認，

but especially in our countries, let's face it,

認為人民是愚笨的，

think people are stupid.

導至事情發展到這個地步。

They take it for granted that, come what may,

政客們相信這是理所當然的 ──無論如何，

people have to follow them,

人民都會追隨他們，

while politics, more and more, fails to offer answers

但同時政治 對公眾的顧慮、

for their public concerns

或是對一般人的迫切需要

or the exigencies of the common people.

卻愈來愈無法給出答案。

Politics has come to resemble

政治已然變成像是

a cynical team game played by politicians,

一個諷刺的團隊比賽，這比賽由政客來進行，

while the public has been pushed aside

而民眾就彷彿坐在體育館的座位上 被晾在一邊，

as if sitting on the seats of a stadium

而民眾就彷彿坐在體育館的座位上 被晾在一邊，

in which passion for politics

那體育館中對政治的熱情

is gradually making room for blindness and desperation.

漸漸讓位給盲目和絕望。

Seen from those stairs, all politicians today

從臺階上看下去，所有今日的政治人物

seem the same,

似乎都一樣，

and politics has come to resemble

而政治已然變成像是

a sport that inspires more aggressiveness

一種激起更多衝動、及悲觀的運動

and pessimism than social cohesion

而沒有激起社會凝聚力

and the desire for civic protaganism.

以及對市民本位的渴望。

Barack Obama won

巴拉克‧歐巴馬贏了

— (Applause) —

─（掌聲）─

because he mobilized people as never before

因為藉由社群網絡 他讓人們前所未見地動了起來。

through the use of social networks.

因為藉由社群網絡 他讓人們前所未見地動了起來。

He did not know each and every one of them,

他並不認識其中的所有人，

but with an admirable ingenuity,

但憑著他的足智多謀，

he managed to transform them into activists

他把他們變成行動主義者，

by giving them all the possibility to hold in their hands

藉由盡其可能地讓他們手握 那些論證與工具，

the arguments and the instruments that each would need

那些是每個人在用歐巴馬之名助選時所需要的。

to campaign in his name by making his own campaign.

那些是每個人在用歐巴馬之名助選時所需要的。

I tweet. I love it.

我在Tweet推文了。我喜歡它。

I love it because it lets me get the message out,

我喜歡它因為 它讓我的訊息可以傳出去，

but it also lets people get their messages to me.

但它也讓人們的訊息得以傳達到我這。

This is politics, not from top down,

這是政治，不是由上而下，

but from the bottom up, and sideways,

而是由下而上，由側邊發展的，

and allowing everybody's voice to be heard

讓每個人的聲音被聽見

is exactly what we need.

正是我們所需要的。

Politics is not just about leaders.

政治並不只是關於領導者。

It's not just about politicians and laws.

也不只是關於政治人物和法律。

It is about how people think,

它與人們怎麼想有關，

how they view the world around them,

與人們怎麼看待周遭的世界有關，

how they use their time and their energy.

也與人們怎麼消磨他們的時間與精力有關。

When people say all politicians are the same,

當人們說政治人物都一樣，

ask yourself if Obama was the same as Bush,

試著問問自己歐巴馬和布希是否一樣，

if François Hollande is the same as Sarkozy.

歐蘭德和薩科茲是否一樣。 （歐蘭德擊敗薩科茲成為2012年法國總統）

They are not. They are human beings with different views

他們並不相同。他們是擁有不同眼光、

and different visions for the world.

對這世界有不同展望的人們。

When people say nothing can change,

當人們說什麼都不會改變，

just stop and think what the world was like

試著停下來想想10、20、50、100年前 的世界是什麼樣子。

10, 20, 50, 100 years ago.

試著停下來想想10、20、50、100年前 的世界是什麼樣子。

Our world is defined by the pace of change.

我們的世界是由改變的腳步來定義。

We can all change the world.

我們可以改變這世界。

I gave you a very small example

我舉了一個很小的例子

of how one thing, the use of color,

來說明一件事，那就是色彩的運用，

can make change happen.

如何來讓各種改變發生。

I want to make more change

我想要做出更多改變

as Prime Minister of my country,

就像我們國家的首相一般，

but every single one of you can make change happen

但你們每一個人都可以做出改變，

if you want to.

只要你們願意。

President Roosevelt, he said,

羅斯福總統他說：

"Believe you can, and you are halfway there."

「相信你可以，你就在完成的半路上了。」

Efharisto and kalinihta.

謝謝，晚安。（希臘文）

(Applause)

（掌聲）