Steve Keil: A manifesto for play, for Bulgaria and beyond

53,175 views ・ 2011-06-15

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譯者: Chueh-chen Wang 審譯者: Te-Hao Chien
00:15
I'm here today
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我今天在這裡
00:18
to start a revolution.
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是為了開啟一場革命
00:20
Now before you get up in arms,
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在你們拿起武器
00:22
or you break into song,
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開始高歌
00:24
or you pick a favorite color,
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或者挑選你最愛的顏色旗幟之前
00:26
I want to define what I mean by revolution.
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我想先定義我所謂的「革命」是什麼意思
00:29
By revolution,
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我所說的「革命」
00:31
I mean a drastic and far-reaching change
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指的是一場激烈且影響長遠的改變
00:34
in the way we think and behave --
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針對於我們思考和行為模式的改變
00:37
the way we think and the way we behave.
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我們的思考和行為模式
00:40
Now why, Steve, why do we need a revolution?
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那麼,史帝夫,為什麼我們需要一場革命?
00:43
We need a revolution
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我們需要這場革命
00:45
because things aren't working; they're just not working.
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因為既有的現狀不佳,真的行不通
00:48
And that makes me really sad
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而這點讓我很感傷
00:50
because I'm sick and tired of things not working.
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因為我已經受夠並厭倦了那些行不通的事物
00:53
You know, I'm sick and tired of us not living up to our potential.
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我已經受夠了我們不發揮潛力
00:56
I'm sick and tired of us being last.
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我受夠了我們吊車尾
00:59
And we are last place in so many things --
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而且我們在許多方面都是最後一名
01:02
for example, social factors.
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舉例來說,在社會層面上
01:05
We're last place in Europe in innovation.
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講創新,我們是歐洲最後一名
01:08
There we are right at the end, right at the bottom,
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我們就正好排在最後一個,墊底的那個
01:11
last place as a culture that doesn't value innovation.
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而這項最後一名代表我們的文化不重視創新
01:14
We're last place in health care,
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我們在醫療衛生方面是最後一名
01:16
and that's important for a sense of well-being.
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而這點對於幸福感影響很大
01:18
And there we are, not just last in the E.U.,
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而且我們不只是歐盟裡的最後一名
01:20
we're last in Europe, at the very bottom.
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我們在全歐洲更是敬陪末座
01:22
And worst of all,
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還有,最糟的是
01:24
it just came out three weeks ago, many of you have seen it, The Economist.
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也許你們很多人看過了 三個禮拜前的經濟學人指出
01:27
We're the saddest place on Earth,
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我們是地球上最悲傷的地方
01:30
relative to GDP per capita --
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以人均國內生產毛額來看
01:32
the saddest place on Earth.
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我們是世界上最悲傷的地方
01:34
That's social. Let's look at education.
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以上都是社會層面 現在來看看教育方面
01:37
Where do we rank three weeks ago
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我們三個禮拜前 在OECD(經合組織)
01:39
in another report by the OECD?
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所發佈的報告中,排名又是如何?
01:41
Last in reading, math and science. Last.
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在閱讀、數學和科學部分,都是最後一名
01:44
Business:
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商業方面
01:46
The lowest perception in the E.U.
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我們是歐盟中
01:48
that entrepreneurs provide benefits to society.
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對於「企業家對社會有益」這概念認同最低的
01:51
Why as a result, what happens?
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所以結果是什麼?
01:53
The lowest percentage of entrepreneurs starting businesses.
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就是擁有最低比率的創業者
01:56
And this is despite the fact
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即使
01:58
that everybody knows that small business
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每個人都知道小型企業
02:00
is the engine of economies.
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才是驅動經濟的核心
02:02
We hire the most people; we create the most taxes.
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我們雇用最多的人工 我們交出最高的稅金
02:05
So if our engine's broken, guess what?
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所以當我們的經濟引擎故障時 猜猜會發生什麼事?
02:08
Last in Europe GDP per capita.
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我們就落到全歐人均國民生產毛額的最後一名
02:11
Last.
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吊車尾
02:13
So it's no surprise, guys, that 62 percent of Bulgarians
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所以 62%的保加利亞人
02:16
are not optimistic about the future.
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對未來不樂觀 一點也不奇怪
02:18
We're unhappy, we have bad education,
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我們不快樂 我們的教育不佳
02:20
and we have the worst businesses.
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連我們的商業也是最糟糕的
02:23
And these are facts, guys.
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各位啊 以上都是事實啊
02:25
This isn't story tale; it's not make-believe.
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不是童話故事 不是幻想
02:28
It's not.
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不是
02:30
It's not a conspiracy I have got against Bulgaria. These are facts.
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這也不是針對保加利亞的陰謀論 這些都是事實
02:33
So I think it should be really, really clear
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所以我認為很明顯的
02:35
that our system is broken.
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我們的整個系統故障了
02:37
The way we think, the way we behave,
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我們的思考方式,行為舉止
02:39
our operating system of behaving is broken.
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我們的作業系統掛了
02:41
We need a drastic change in the way we think and behave
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我們需要針對我們思考和行為的模式做出重大改變
02:44
to transform Bulgaria for the better,
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讓保加利亞轉型 變得更好
02:46
for ourselves, for our friends,
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這也同時是為了我們自己、我們的朋友們
02:48
for our family and for our future.
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為了我們的家人和我們的未來
02:50
How did this happen?
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但到底為什麼會這樣?
02:52
Let's be positive now. We're going to get positive. How did this happen?
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我們現在來用正面態度 我們要變得正向樂觀 但到底怎麼會這樣?
02:55
I think we're last because --
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我想我們是最後一名是因為
02:57
and this is going to be drastic to some of you --
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對你們某些人來講 這個理由一定難以置信
02:59
because we are handicapping ourselves.
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因為我們正在「殘害」自己
03:01
We're holding ourselves back
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我們侷限了自己
03:03
because we don't value play.
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因為我們不重視「玩樂」!
03:05
I said "play," all right.
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沒錯,我說的就是「玩樂」
03:07
In case some of you forgot what play is, this is what play looks like.
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怕你們有人已經忘了玩樂是什麼樣 這就是玩樂
03:10
Babies play, kids play,
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嬰兒的玩樂 孩童的玩樂
03:12
adults play.
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成年人的玩樂
03:14
We don't value play.
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我們不重視玩樂
03:16
In fact, we devalue play.
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事實上 我們藐視玩樂
03:18
And we devalue it in three areas.
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而且我們在三個方面貶低玩樂
03:20
Let's go back to the same three areas.
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我們回到先前的那三個層面
03:22
Social: 45 years of what?
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社會層面 45年的什麼?
03:24
Of communism --
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共產主義
03:26
of valuing the society and the state over the individual
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將社會與國家置於個人之上
03:29
and squashing, inadvertently,
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而且不經意地扼殺了
03:31
creativity, individual self-expression and innovation.
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創意、自我表達和創新
03:35
And instead, what do we value?
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相反地 我們重視什麼?
03:37
Because it's shown
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已有研究指出
03:39
the way we apply, generate and use knowledge
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我們應用、生產與使用知識的方式
03:43
is affected by our social and institutional context,
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受到我們的社會及制度環境所影響
03:45
which told us what in communism?
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而共產主義的社會制度告訴我們什麼?
03:47
To be serious.
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要嚴肅
03:49
To be really, really serious.
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非常 非常嚴肅
03:51
It did.
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真的!
03:53
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
03:57
Be serious.
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要嚴肅
03:59
I can't tell you how many times I've been scolded in the park
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我不知道自己在公園被痛罵了多少次
04:02
for letting my kids play on the ground.
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只因為我讓孩子在地上玩耍
04:06
Heaven forbid they play in the dirt, the kal,
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更別提讓他們在泥土中玩耍了
04:09
or even worse, lokvi, water -- that will kill them.
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或更嚴重的 水裡啊 人們覺得那會害死小孩
04:12
I have been told by babas and dyados
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阿公阿嬤告誡我
04:14
that we shouldn't let our kids play so much
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不應該讓小孩那麼常玩耍
04:17
because life is serious
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因為人生是很嚴肅的
04:19
and we need to train them for the seriousness of life.
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而我們必須訓練孩子為人生的嚴肅提前做準備
04:21
We have a serious meme running through.
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有一個嚴重的病毒正在我們之間散播著
04:24
It's a social gene running through us.
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那是我們共有的社會基因
04:26
It's a serious gene.
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一個「嚴肅」基因
04:28
It's 45 years of it
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已經存在45年了
04:30
that's created what I call the "baba factor."
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那造就了我所謂的「阿嬤因子」
04:32
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
04:34
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
04:36
And here's how it works.
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而「阿嬤因子」是這樣運作的
04:38
Step one: woman says, "I want to have a baby. Iskam baby."
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步驟一 女人說:「我想要寶寶,一個可愛的寶寶。」
04:41
Step two: we get the baby. Woohoo!
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步驟二 我們生了寶寶 歐耶!
04:43
But then what happens in step three?
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但是在步驟三會發生什麼事?
04:45
I want to go back to work
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我想要回到工作崗位上
04:47
because I need to further my career or I just want to go have coffees.
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因為我必須發展我的事業 或是就想去喝杯咖啡
04:50
I'm going to give bebko to baba.
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我要把嬰兒交給阿嬤
04:53
But we need to remember
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但我們必須記得一件事
04:55
that baba's been infected by the serious meme for 45 years.
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阿嬤已經被那個嚴重病毒感染45年了
04:58
So what happens?
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那會怎樣?
05:00
She passes that virus on to baby,
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她會把病毒傳染給嬰兒
05:03
and it takes a really, really, really long time -- as the redwood trees --
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而這需要真的、真的、真的很長一段時間 像紅衫木一樣
05:07
for that serious meme
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才能將嚴重的病毒
05:09
to get out of our operating system.
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從我們的作業系統裡清除
05:12
What happens then?
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然後怎樣?
05:14
It goes into education where we have an antiquated education system
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那病毒會進入教育系統 我們那過時的教育系統
05:17
that has little changed for 100 years,
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在過去100年中沒什麼改變的系統
05:19
that values rote learning,
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重視死背的系統
05:21
memorization and standardization,
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重視強記和標準化
05:23
and devalues self-expression, self-exploration,
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並且貶抑自我表達、自我探索
05:26
questioning, creativity and play.
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否定提問、創意以及玩樂
05:28
It's a crap system.
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這是一個爛透了的系統
05:30
True story: I went looking for a school for my kid.
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我來說一個真實故事:我幫我小孩物色學校
05:34
We went to this prestigious little school
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來到一間頗富盛名的小學校
05:36
and they say they're going to study math 10 times a week
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他們說這裡的學生每週讀10次數學
05:38
and science eight times a week
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8次科學
05:40
and reading five times a day and all this stuff.
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一天5次閱讀等等的
05:42
And we said, "Well what about play and recess?"
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然後我們問:「那麼玩耍和休息呢?」
05:45
And they said, "Ha. There won't be a single moment in the schedule."
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他們回答:「哈,課表裡完全沒有這些東西。」
05:48
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
05:50
And we said, "He's five."
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然後我們說:「他才五歲欸!」
05:52
What a crime. What a crime.
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罪過 好個罪過
05:54
And it's a crime
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而且同樣罪過的是
05:56
that our education system is so serious because education is serious
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我們的教育系統這麼嚴肅 因為教育是如此地嚴肅死板
05:59
that we're creating mindless, robotic workers
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以致於我們正創造出不會思考的機器工人
06:01
to put bolts in pre-drilled holes.
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來將螺絲釘裝放到鑽好的洞裡
06:03
But I'm sorry, the problems of today
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但很抱歉 現今的問題
06:05
are not the problems of the Industrial Revolution.
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不再是工業革命時代的問題了
06:07
We need adaptability,
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我們需要適應能力
06:09
the ability to learn how to be creative and innovative.
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變得有創意又會創新的能力
06:12
We don't need mechanized workers.
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我們不需要機械化的工人
06:14
But no, now our meme goes into work where we don't value play.
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然而不幸的 病毒也傳染到了職場 讓我們不重視玩樂
06:17
We create robotic workers that we treat like assets,
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我們創造了機器工人 把他們如資產般對待
06:20
to lever and just throw away.
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利用他們 再棄如敝屣
06:22
What are qualities of a Bulgarian work?
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一份典型的保加利亞工作有什麼樣的特質?
06:25
Autocratic --
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專制
06:27
do what I say because I'm the chef.
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造我的話去做 因為我是領導
06:29
I'm the boss and I know better than you.
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我是老闆 所以我懂得比你多
06:31
Untrusting -- you're obviously a criminal, so I'm going to install cameras.
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不信任:你很顯然是個罪犯 所以我要裝攝影機
06:34
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
06:36
Controlling --
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控制
06:38
you're obviously an idiot, so I'm going to make
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你很顯然是個白痴 所以我要設計好
06:40
a zillion little processes for you to follow so you don't step out of the box.
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幾萬兆個細微的步驟讓你遵守 你才不會自做主張
06:43
So they're restrictive -- don't use your mobile phone,
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所以職場總是限制重重:不准用手機
06:45
don't use your laptop, don't search the Internet,
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不准用筆電,不准上網
06:47
don't be on I.M.
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不准用即時通
06:49
That's somehow unprofessional and bad.
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那樣很不專業又惡劣
06:51
And at the end of the day, it's unfulfilling
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而且工作一整天之後 你根本沒有任何成就感
06:53
because you're controlled, you're restricted, you're not valued
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因為你被控制住了 限制了 你不被重視
06:56
and you're not having any fun.
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而且你得不到絲毫樂趣
06:58
In social, in education and in our business,
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在社會、教育及商業層面上
07:00
don't value play.
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我們不重視玩樂
07:02
And that's why we're last,
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那正是為什麼我們排名最後
07:04
because we don't value play.
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因為我們不重視玩樂
07:06
And you can say, "That's ridiculous, Steve. What a dumb idea.
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你可能會說:「一派胡言,史帝夫。好個蠢想法。
07:09
It can't be because of play.
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怎麼可能是因為玩樂的關係!
07:11
Just play, that's a stupid thing."
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只不過是玩樂 那麼件蠢事。」
07:13
We have the serious meme in us.
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我們身體內有著嚴重的病毒
07:15
Well I'm going to say no.
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嗯 我要說「你錯了」
07:17
And I will prove it to you in the next part of the speech --
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而且我將會在演說的下一段向你證明這點
07:20
that play is the catalyst, it is the revolution,
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證明玩樂是催化劑 它就是一場革命
07:23
that we can use to transform Bulgaria for the better.
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我們可以用來使保加利亞更好的革命
07:26
Play:
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玩樂
07:28
our brains
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我們的大腦
07:30
are hardwired for play.
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是為了玩樂而連結在一起
07:32
Evolution has selected,
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演化
07:34
over millions and billions of years,
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透過數百萬、數十億年的時間
07:37
for play in animals and in humans.
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為動物及人類的玩樂性格挑選適者生存
07:40
And you know what?
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而且你知道嗎?
07:42
Evolution does a really, really good job
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演化機制非常擅於
07:44
of deselecting traits that aren't advantageous to us
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淘汰對我們無用的特質
07:47
and selecting traits for competitive advantage.
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並保留具競爭優勢的特質
07:50
Nature isn't stupid, and it selected for play.
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大自然的挑選可不隨便 而它 為玩樂而篩選
07:53
Throughout the animal kingdom, for example:
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舉例而言 整個動物界裡
07:55
ants. Ants play.
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螞蟻 螞蟻會玩樂
07:57
Maybe you didn't know that.
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也許你不曉得這點
07:59
But when they're playing,
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但當牠們玩樂時
08:01
they're learning the social order and dynamics of things.
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牠們也在學習社會規範和事物的動態
08:03
Rats play, but what you might not have known
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老鼠會玩樂 但你可能不曉得的是
08:05
is that rats that play more
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較常玩樂的老鼠
08:07
have bigger brains
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腦子也比較大
08:09
and they learn tasks better,
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而且牠們學起任務比較快
08:11
skills.
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學技能也快
08:13
Kittens play. We all know kittens play.
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貓咪會玩樂 我們都知道
08:15
But what you may not know
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但你可能不知道
08:17
is that kittens deprived of play
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被禁止玩樂的貓咪
08:20
are unable to interact socially.
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是無法在社群中互動的
08:22
They can still hunt, but they can't be social.
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牠們仍然可以獵食 但無法社交
08:25
Bears play.
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熊也玩耍
08:27
But what you may not know
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但你可能不知道
08:29
is that bears that play more survive longer.
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較常玩樂的熊 存活得久
08:32
It's not the bears that learn how to fish better.
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並非那些懂得獵魚的熊
08:34
It's the ones that play more.
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反而是那些較常玩樂的熊比較長命
08:37
And a final really interesting study --
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而最後有一則有趣的研究
08:39
it's been shown, a correlation
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發現玩樂和大腦容量之間
08:41
between play and brain size.
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存在某種關聯
08:43
The more you play, the bigger the brains there are.
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你玩樂越多 大腦容量就越大
08:46
Dolphins, pretty big brains, play a lot.
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有著相當大的腦容量的海豚 經常在玩耍
08:49
But who do you think
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但你認為誰
08:51
with the biggest brains are the biggest players?
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擁有最大的腦容量 還是最重要的人物?
08:54
Yours truly: humans.
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正是閣下 人類
08:56
Kids play, we play --
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小孩玩耍 我們玩耍
08:58
of every nationality, of every race,
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所有國籍、種族
09:00
of every color, of every religion.
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所有膚色、宗教信仰
09:02
It's a universal thing -- we play.
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這是一個普世現象:我們玩樂
09:04
And it's not just kids, it's adults too.
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不只小孩玩樂 大人也玩樂
09:07
Really cool term: neoteny --
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這是一個非常酷的詞彙:幼態延續
09:09
the retention of play and juvenile traits in adults.
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成年人保有少年時期的玩樂傾向
09:12
And who are the biggest neotenists?
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而誰是最重要的「幼態延續者」?
09:14
Humans. We play sports.
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人類 我們玩體育競技
09:16
We do it for fun, or as Olympians, or as professionals.
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我們為了趣味去做 或者像奧林匹亞選手們 為職業去做
09:18
We play musical instruments.
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我們玩樂器
09:20
We dance, we kiss, we sing,
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我們跳舞 我們親吻 我們唱歌
09:22
we just goof around.
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我們消磨時間
09:24
We're designed by nature to play
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我們都被大自然設計成
09:27
from birth to old age.
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自幼年至老年都會玩樂
09:30
We're designed to do that continuously --
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我們被設計去不停地
09:33
to play and play a lot
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玩耍 而且玩得很兇
09:35
and not stop playing.
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不停地玩樂
09:37
It is a huge benefit.
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好處多多
09:40
Just like there's benefits to animals,
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就像對那些動物有益一樣
09:42
there's benefits to humans.
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這對人類也是有益的
09:44
For example, it's been shown
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例如,研究指出
09:46
to stimulate neural growth in the amygdala,
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玩樂能刺激杏仁核的神經生長
09:48
in the area where it controls emotions.
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也就是控制情緒的部位
09:50
It's been shown to promote pre-frontal cortex development
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研究指出玩樂也會促進前額葉皮質的發展
09:53
where a lot of cognition is happening.
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也就是處理許多認知的部位
09:55
As a result, what happens?
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所以怎麼樣?
09:57
We develop more emotional maturity if we play more.
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如果我們多玩一點 我們就會發展出更高的情緒成熟度
10:00
We develop better decision-making ability
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我們會發展出更佳的決策能力
10:02
if we play more.
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如果我們玩耍多一點
10:04
These guys are facts.
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這些都是事實
10:06
It's not fiction, it's not story tales, it's not make-believe;
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這不是虛構的 不是童話故事 不是幻想
10:08
it's cold, hard science.
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這些都是嚴謹的科學研究
10:10
These are the benefits to play.
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玩樂是有益處的
10:13
It is a genetic birthright that we have,
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那是存在我們基因裡的基本權利
10:16
like walking or speaking or seeing.
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就像是走路、說話和視覺
10:19
And if we handicap ourselves with play,
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而假如我們限制自己的玩樂
10:21
we handicap ourselves
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我們就是在自殘
10:23
as if we would with any other birthright that we have.
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就像我們殘害自己的其他基本權利那樣
10:25
We hold ourselves back.
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我們侷限自己
10:29
Little exercise just for a second:
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我們來做個小練習
10:31
close your eyes
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將你的眼睛閉起來
10:33
and try to imagine a world without play.
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然後試著想像一個沒有玩樂的世界
10:36
Imagine a world without theater, without the arts,
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想像一個沒有戲劇、藝術的世界
10:39
without song, without dancing,
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沒有歌曲、沒有舞蹈
10:42
without soccer, without football,
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沒有足球、沒有美式橄欖球
10:44
without laughter.
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沒有笑聲
10:46
What does this world look like?
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這樣的世界看起來是什麼樣子?
10:48
It's pretty bleak.
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相當荒涼
10:50
It's pretty glum.
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相當陰鬱
10:52
Now imagine your workplace.
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現在 想想你的工作場所
10:54
Is it fun? Is it playful?
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有趣嗎?好玩嗎?
10:56
Or maybe the workplace of your friends -- here we're forward thinking.
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或是想像你朋友的工作場所 現在是自由想像時間
10:59
Is it fun? Is it playful?
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有趣嗎?好玩嗎?
11:01
Or is it crap? Is it autocratic, controlling,
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還是說很糟糕?專制、滿佈控制?
11:04
restrictive and untrusting and unfulfilling?
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限制重重、不信任,又沒有成就感嗎?
11:09
We have this concept
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我們都抱持一個觀念
11:11
that the opposite of play is work.
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認為玩樂的相反是工作
11:14
We even feel guilty if we're seen playing at work.
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我們甚至會因為在工作上玩樂而感到罪惡
11:17
"Oh, my colleagues see me laughing. I must not have enough work,"
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「啊 我的同事看到我在笑 我一定是工作量太少了」
11:20
or, "Oh, I've got to hide because my boss might see me.
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或是「啊 我要躲起來 因為老闆可能會看到我
11:23
He's going to think I'm not working hard."
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覺得我工作不夠認真。」
11:26
But I have news for you: our thinking is backwards.
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但我有個新觀念給你們:我們的思維是倒退的
11:28
The opposite of play
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玩樂的相反
11:30
is not work.
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不是工作
11:32
The opposite of play
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玩樂的相反
11:34
is depression. It's depression.
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是陰鬱消沈
11:37
In fact,
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事實上
11:39
play improves our work.
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玩樂可以改善我們的工作
11:41
Just like there's benefits for humans and animals,
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正如同它對人類及動物有益
11:43
there's benefits for play at work.
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玩樂對工作也是有益的
11:45
For example, it stimulates creativity.
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舉例而言,它會激發創意
11:49
It increases our openness to change.
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它會增加我們對改變的接受程度
11:52
It improves our ability to learn.
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它會強化我們的學習能力
11:54
It provides a sense of purpose and mastery --
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它會帶來一種朝目標邁進和掌握大局的感覺
11:56
two key motivational things
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這兩項重要的激勵感受
11:58
that increase productivity,
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會透過玩樂
12:00
through play.
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來刺激生產力
12:02
So before you start thinking of play as just not serious,
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所以在你開始以為玩樂是「不認真」之前
12:05
play doesn't mean frivolous.
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玩樂並非輕佻
12:07
You know, the professional athlete that loves skiing,
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你也知道 那些喜歡滑雪的職業運動員
12:09
he's serious about it, but he loves it.
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他們對滑雪很認真 但也很熱愛
12:12
He's having fun, he's in the groove, he's in the flow.
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樂在其中 逍遙自在 徹底融入
12:15
A doctor might be serious,
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醫生可能很嚴肅
12:17
but laughter's still a great medicine.
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但笑聲仍然永遠是一帖良方
12:21
Our thinking is backwards.
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我們的觀念是倒退的
12:23
We shouldn't be feeling guilty.
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我們不應該為此感到愧疚
12:25
We should be celebrating play.
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我們應該要慶祝玩樂
12:27
Quick example from the corporate world.
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一個商場上的簡單例子:
12:29
FedEx, easy motto: people, service, profit.
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聯邦快遞有句簡單的座右銘:人、服務、利潤
12:32
If you treat your people like people, if you treat them great,
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如果你善待你的人 如果你對他們很好
12:35
they're happier, they're fulfilled, they have a sense of mastery and purpose.
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他們比較開心 他們得到成就感 他們有朝目標邁進和掌握情況的感覺
12:38
What happens? They give better service --
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所以呢?他們提供更佳的服務
12:40
not worse, but better.
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不是更糟 而是更佳
12:42
And when customers call for service
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而當顧客來電尋求服務時
12:44
and they're dealing with happy people that can make decisions and are fulfilled,
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他們面對的是能做主張又有成就感的快樂員工
12:47
how do the customers feel? They feel great.
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顧客感受如何?棒透了
12:49
And what do great customers do, great-feeling customers?
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而開心、愉悅的顧客又會做什麼?
12:52
They buy more of your service and they tell more of their friends,
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他們更愛你的服務 並且分享給他們更多的朋友
12:54
which leads to more profit.
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這樣會帶來更高的收益
12:56
People, service, profit.
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人、服務、利潤
12:58
Play increases productivity, not decreases.
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玩樂增加生產力 而非降低
13:01
And you're going to say,
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但你會說
13:03
"Gee, that can work for FedEx out there in the United States,
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「嗯 那適用於美國的聯邦快遞
13:05
but it can't work in Bulgaria.
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但是不能用於保加利亞」
13:07
No way. We're different."
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「不可能 我們不一樣」
13:09
It does work in Bulgaria, you guys. Two reasons.
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各位 這的確可以適用於保加利亞 有兩個理由
13:11
One, play is universal.
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第一 玩樂是普世價值
13:13
There's nothing weird about Bulgarians that we can't play,
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我們保加利亞人並沒有任何怪異之處使我們不能玩樂
13:16
besides the serious meme that we have to kick out.
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除了那個我們必須剔除的嚴重病毒之外
13:18
Two, I've tried it. I've tried at Sciant.
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第二 我已經在Sciant(一家保加利亞軟體研發公司)試過了
13:21
When I got there, we had zero happy customers.
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當我初次到達那裡 我們沒有任何一位快樂的顧客
13:23
Not one customer would refer us.
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沒有一位顧客會推薦我們
13:25
I asked them all.
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我每個顧客都問了喔
13:27
We had marginal profit -- I did.
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我們利潤微薄-我真的問了!
13:29
We had marginal profits,
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我們只有微薄的利潤
13:31
and we had unhappy stakeholders.
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而我們的股東也不開心
13:33
Through some basic change,
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透過一些基本的改變
13:35
change like improving transparency,
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改善透明度之類的
13:38
change like promoting self-direction
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推動自我領導之類的改變
13:40
and collaboration, encouraging collaboration,
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以及合作、鼓勵合作
13:43
not autocracy,
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而非專制體系
13:45
the things like having a results-focus.
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我還推動「結果導向」
13:47
I don't care when you get in in the morning. I don't care when you leave.
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我不在乎你幾點上班 不在乎你幾點走
13:50
I care that your customer and your team is happy
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我只要你的顧客和團隊是滿意的
13:52
and you're organized with that.
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而且你辦事有條不紊
13:54
Why do I care if you get in at nine o'clock?
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我為什麼要在乎你九點才上班?
13:56
Basically promoting fun.
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基本上 就是在推廣「玩樂」文化
13:58
Through promoting fun and a great environment,
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透過建構一個好玩的絕佳環境
14:01
we were able to transform Sciant
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我們才讓公司煥然一新的
14:03
and, in just three short years --
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而且在短短三年內
14:05
sounds like a long time, but change is slow --
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聽起來似乎很久 但改變總是緩慢的
14:07
every customer, from zero to every customer referring us,
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從一開始的零到每個客戶都在推薦我們
14:10
above average profits for the industry
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超越產業平均的利潤
14:12
and happy stakeholders.
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以及快樂的股東們
14:14
And you can say, "Well how do you know they're happy?"
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然後你會說:「你怎麼知道他們很開心?」
14:16
Well we did win, every year that we entered,
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在每一個我們參與的年度裡 我們都獲得
14:18
one of the rankings for best employer for small business.
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小型企業最佳雇主的名次
14:21
Independent analysis from anonymous employees
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來自不計名員工的
14:23
on their surveys.
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獨立分析調查顯示
14:25
It does, and it can, work in Bulgaria.
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這的確是適用於保加利亞的
14:27
There's nothing holding us back,
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沒有任何東西可以侷限我們
14:29
except our own mentality about play.
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除了我們自己對玩樂的態度
14:32
So some steps that we can take -- to finish up --
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所以有一些我們可以採取的行動 準備結尾了
14:35
how to make this revolution through play.
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我們要如何透過玩樂來達成這項革命?
14:37
First of all, you have to believe me.
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首先 你必須相信我
14:39
If you don't believe me,
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假如你不相信我
14:41
well just go home and think about it some more or something.
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我們就只能回家 然後再思考看看
14:43
Second of all, if you don't have the feeling of play in you,
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再來 如果你心中沒有那種「玩樂感」
14:46
you need to rediscover play.
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你必須重新找回它
14:48
Whatever it was that as a kid you used to enjoy,
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不管是你在孩童時期享受的東西
14:50
that you enjoyed only six months ago,
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或你在六個月前都還覺得享受
14:52
but now that you've got that promotion you can't enjoy,
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但升遷後卻無法再享受的東西
14:54
because you feel like you have to be serious,
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因為你覺得你必須很嚴肅
14:56
rediscover it.
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重新找回它吧
14:58
I don't care if it's mountain biking or reading a book or playing a game.
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我不管那是騎越野單車 讀一本書 或是玩個遊戲
15:00
Rediscover that
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重新找回它
15:02
because you're the leaders,
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因為你們是領導者
15:04
the innovation leaders, the thought leaders.
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創新的領導者 意見領袖
15:06
You're the ones that have to go back to the office
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你們要回到辦公室裡
15:08
or talk to your friends
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跟你們朋友聊聊
15:10
and ignite the fire of change in the play revolution.
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然後重燃玩樂革命的那把改革之火
15:13
You guys have to, and if you're not feeling it,
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你們必須這麼做 而假如你們不這樣想
15:15
your colleagues, your employees, aren't going to feel it.
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你們的同事、員工也都不會這樣想
15:18
You've got to go back and say, "Hey, I'm going to trust you."
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你們回去後應該說:「嗨 我要相信你」
15:21
Weird concept: I hired you; I should trust you.
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這真是奇怪的想法 我雇用了你 我就該信任你
15:24
I'm going to let you make decisions. I'm going to empower you,
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我要讓你做決策 我要賦予你權力
15:27
and I'm going to delegate to the lowest level, rather than the top.
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而且我要把權力下放到最底層 而非在最上層
15:30
I'm going to encourage constructive criticism.
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我要鼓勵具建設性的批評
15:33
I'm going to let you challenge authority.
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我要讓你挑戰權威
15:35
Because it's by challenging the way things are always done
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因為唯有透過挑戰現有的做事方式
15:38
is that we are able to break out of the rut that we're in
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我們才能夠脫離窠臼
15:40
and create innovative solutions
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來為今日的問題
15:42
to problems of today.
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提出創新的解決方案
15:44
We're not always right as leaders.
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我們身為領導者也不一定總是對的
15:46
We're going to eradicate fear.
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我們要除去恐懼
15:48
Fear is the enemy of play.
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恐懼是玩樂的敵人
15:51
And we're going to do things
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而且我們要採取類似
15:53
like eliminate restrictions.
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剔除限制的行動
15:55
You know what, let them use their mobile phone
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我告訴你 讓員工使用手機
15:57
for personal calls -- heaven forbid.
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打私人電話 -- 希望這不會發生
16:00
Let them be on the Internet.
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讓他們上網
16:02
Let them be on instant messengers.
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讓他們用即時通訊軟體
16:05
Let them take long lunches.
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讓他們加長午休時間
16:09
Lunch is like the recess for work.
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午餐就像是工作時的休息
16:11
It's when you go out in the world
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那是你們走出外界
16:13
and you recharge your brain, you meet your friends,
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為大腦充電的時間 你和朋友相遇
16:15
you have a beer, you have some food, you talk,
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你喝啤酒 吃點東西 聊聊天
16:18
you get some synergy of ideas
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你的思想得以受到刺激
16:20
that maybe you wouldn't have had before.
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產生一些以前不可能出現的想法
16:22
Let them do it. Give them some freedom,
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讓他們去做吧 給他們一些自由空間
16:25
and in general, let them play. Let them have fun at the workplace.
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總之 讓他們玩樂 讓他們在工作場所獲得樂趣
16:28
We spend so much of our lives at the workplace,
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我們花這麼大一部分的生命在工作場所
16:31
and it's supposed to be, what, a miserable grind,
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難道就該是一場痛苦的煎熬嗎?
16:33
so that 20 years from now, we wake up and say, "Is this it?
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然後在二十年後 你驚醒 說:「就這樣而已嗎?
16:36
Is that all there was?"
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全部就這樣而已嗎?」
16:38
Unacceptable. Nepriemliv.
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完全無法接受 無法
16:40
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
16:43
So in summary,
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所以 總結以上
16:45
we need a drastic change
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我們需要對我們思考和行動的方式
16:47
in the way we think and behave,
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做出巨大改變
16:49
but we don't need
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但我們不需要
16:51
a workers' revolution.
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一場工人革命
16:54
We don't need a workers' revolution.
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我們不需要一場工人革命
16:56
What we need
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我們需要的是
16:58
is a players' uprising.
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一場「玩家」的起義
17:00
What we need is a players' uprising.
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我們需要的是一場「玩家」的起義
17:03
What we need is a players' uprising.
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我們需要的是一場「玩家」的起義
17:05
Seriously, we need to band together.
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說真的 我們要團結在一起
17:07
Today is the start of the uprising.
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今天就是起義的開始
17:09
But what you need to do
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你們該做的是
17:11
is fan the flames of the revolution.
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鼓動革命之火
17:13
You need to go and share your ideas and your success stories
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你們要去分享你們的想法和成功故事
17:16
of what worked
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關於玩樂如何成功
17:18
about reinvigorating our lives, our schools,
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為我們的生活和學校
17:21
and our work with play;
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以及工作注入活水
17:23
about how play promotes
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關於玩樂如何帶來
17:25
a sense of promise and self-fulfillment;
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踏實感和自我實現
17:28
of how play promotes innovation and productivity,
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關於玩樂如何促進創新和提高生產力
17:32
and, ultimately, how play creates meaning.
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而且最重要的是 玩樂如何創造意義
17:36
Because we can't do it alone. We have to do it together,
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因為我們不能單打獨鬥 我們必須團結合作
17:39
and together, if we do this and share these ideas on play,
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如果我們能團結一致 散播這些關於玩樂的觀念
17:42
we can transform Bulgaria for the better.
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我們就可以讓保加利亞變得更好
17:46
Thank you.
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謝謝!
17:48
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
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