Steve Keil: A manifesto for play, for Bulgaria and beyond

53,288 views ใƒป 2011-06-15

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฒ€ํ† : Soo Ah Kim
00:15
I'm here today
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์ €๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์—
00:18
to start a revolution.
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ํ˜๋ช…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
Now before you get up in arms,
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์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์žฅ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ผ์–ด์„œ๊ธฐ ์ „์—
00:22
or you break into song,
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋…ธ๋ž˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
00:24
or you pick a favorite color,
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๋˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ‰๊น”์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
00:26
I want to define what I mean by revolution.
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์ €๋Š” 'ํ˜๋ช…'์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ •์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
By revolution,
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ํ˜๋ช…์ด๋ผ ํ•จ์€
00:31
I mean a drastic and far-reaching change
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
00:34
in the way we think and behave --
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๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
the way we think and the way we behave.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•.
00:40
Now why, Steve, why do we need a revolution?
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์ž, ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ, ์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜๋ช…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:43
We need a revolution
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—,
00:45
because things aren't working; they're just not working.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์ž˜ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜๋ช…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
And that makes me really sad
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ์ด ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง€๊ฒน๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
00:50
because I'm sick and tired of things not working.
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์ €๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์Šฌํ”•๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
You know, I'm sick and tired of us not living up to our potential.
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์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ „ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๋ถ€์‘ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง€๊ฒน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
I'm sick and tired of us being last.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ผด์ฐŒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—๋„ ์‹ ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
And we are last place in so many things --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ ์—์„œ ๊ผด์ฐŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
for example, social factors.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์š”์ธ.
01:05
We're last place in Europe in innovation.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘ ํ˜์‹ ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๊ผด์ฐŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
There we are right at the end, right at the bottom,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งจ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์—, ๋งจ ๋ฐ‘์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
last place as a culture that doesn't value innovation.
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ํ˜์‹ ์„ ๊ฐ€์น˜์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”๋กœ์„œ ๊ผด์ฐŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
We're last place in health care,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜๋ฃŒ์—์„œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์ด๊ณ 
01:16
and that's important for a sense of well-being.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ž˜ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
And there we are, not just last in the E.U.,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ E.U.์—์„œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
01:20
we're last in Europe, at the very bottom.
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ฃผ ๋งก๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
And worst of all,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ตœ์•…์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€
01:24
it just came out three weeks ago, many of you have seen it, The Economist.
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3์ฃผ ์ „์— ๋‚˜์˜จ ํ†ต๊ณ„์น˜์ธ๋ฐ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ฝ์–ด ๋ณด์…จ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์ด์ฝ”๋…ธ๋ฏธ์ŠคํŠธ'์— ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
We're the saddest place on Earth,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์Šฌํ”ˆ ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
relative to GDP per capita --
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1์ธ๋‹น GDP๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ -
01:32
the saddest place on Earth.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์Šฌํ”ˆ ๊ณณ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
01:34
That's social. Let's look at education.
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์ด์ œ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฉด์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ด์ œ ๊ต์œก๋ฉด์„ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
01:37
Where do we rank three weeks ago
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๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ OECD์—์„œ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•œ 3์ฃผ ์ „ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์—์„œ๋Š”
01:39
in another report by the OECD?
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๋ช‡ ๋“ฑ์„ ํ–ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
01:41
Last in reading, math and science. Last.
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๋…ํ•ด, ์ˆ˜ํ•™, ๊ณผํ•™์—์„œ ๊ผด์ฐŒ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ผด์ฐŒ์š”!
01:44
Business:
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์‚ฌ์—…์„ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
01:46
The lowest perception in the E.U.
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๊ธฐ์—…์ด ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ํ˜œํƒ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
01:48
that entrepreneurs provide benefits to society.
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E.U.์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•ˆ์ข‹์€ ์ธ์‹์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
Why as a result, what happens?
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์งˆ๊นŒ์š”?
01:53
The lowest percentage of entrepreneurs starting businesses.
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๊ธฐ์—…์ด ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๋น„์œจ์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
And this is despite the fact
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€
01:58
that everybody knows that small business
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ์—”์ง„์€ ์ค‘์†Œ๊ธฐ์—…์ž„์„
02:00
is the engine of economies.
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์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
We hire the most people; we create the most taxes.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ์„ธ๊ธˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
So if our engine's broken, guess what?
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์ž, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—”์ง„์ด ๊ณ ์žฅ ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋์„๊นŒ์š”?
02:08
Last in Europe GDP per capita.
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ 1์ธ๋‹น GDP ๊ผด์ฐŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
Last.
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๊ผด์ฐŒ.
02:13
So it's no surprise, guys, that 62 percent of Bulgarians
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, 62%์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์•„์ธ๋“ค์ด
02:16
are not optimistic about the future.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋†€๋ž„ ๋งŒํ•œ ์ผ๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
We're unhappy, we have bad education,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ต์œก๋„ ์•ˆ์ข‹๊ณ 
02:20
and we have the worst businesses.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ์—…์€ ์ตœ์•…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
And these are facts, guys.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
This isn't story tale; it's not make-believe.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏฟ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
02:28
It's not.
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์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
It's not a conspiracy I have got against Bulgaria. These are facts.
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๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์•„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ €์˜ ์Œ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋“ค์ด์—์š”.
02:33
So I think it should be really, really clear
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
02:35
that our system is broken.
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๋งค์šฐ ๋ช…๋ฐฑํžˆ ํ•ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
The way we think, the way we behave,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•-
02:39
our operating system of behaving is broken.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ์šด์˜ ์ฒด์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์žฅ ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
02:41
We need a drastic change in the way we think and behave
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
to transform Bulgaria for the better,
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์•„๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ,
02:46
for ourselves, for our friends,
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์ž์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด, ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด,
02:48
for our family and for our future.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
How did this happen?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ?
02:52
Let's be positive now. We're going to get positive. How did this happen?
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์ž, ๊ธ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ?
02:55
I think we're last because --
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋ช‡๋ช‡์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ทน๋‹จ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
02:57
and this is going to be drastic to some of you --
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์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์žฅ์• ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
02:59
because we are handicapping ourselves.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ผด์ฐŒ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
We're holding ourselves back
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์น˜์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
03:03
because we don't value play.
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์ž์‹ ์„ ์ €์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
I said "play," all right.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”, ๋†€์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
In case some of you forgot what play is, this is what play looks like.
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๋†€์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์žŠ์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•ด์„œ- ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋†€์ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
Babies play, kids play,
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์•„๊ธฐ๋“ค์€ ๋†‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋“ค๋„ ๋†‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
adults play.
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์„ฑ์ธ๋“ค๋„ ๋†‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
We don't value play.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
In fact, we devalue play.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ์ ˆํ•˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
And we devalue it in three areas.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ 3๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ์ ˆํ•˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
Let's go back to the same three areas.
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์•„๊นŒ์™€ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ 3๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:22
Social: 45 years of what?
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์‚ฌํšŒ์  : 45๋…„๋™์•ˆ์˜ ๋ฌด์—‡?
03:24
Of communism --
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45๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ๊ณต์‚ฐ์ฃผ์˜ -
03:26
of valuing the society and the state over the individual
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45๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฐœ์ธ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‚ฌํšŒ์™€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ค‘์š”์‹œ ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
03:29
and squashing, inadvertently,
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์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ, ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ ํ‘œํ˜„๊ณผ ํ˜์‹ ์„
03:31
creativity, individual self-expression and innovation.
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๋ฌด์‹ฌ์ฝ” ์ง“๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
And instead, what do we value?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ฐœ์ธ ๋Œ€์‹ ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ค‘์š”์‹œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:37
Because it's shown
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
03:39
the way we apply, generate and use knowledge
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์ง€์‹์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด
03:43
is affected by our social and institutional context,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ , ์ œ๋„์  ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ธ๋ฐ์š”,
03:45
which told us what in communism?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณต์‚ฐ์ฃผ์˜์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋˜๊ฐ€์š”?
03:47
To be serious.
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์ง„์ง€ํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:49
To be really, really serious.
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์ง„์‹ค๋กœ, ์ง„์‹ค๋กœ ์ง„์ง€ํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
It did.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
03:57
Be serious.
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์ง„์ง€ํ•ด์ง€์„ธ์š”.
03:59
I can't tell you how many times I've been scolded in the park
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ๊ณต์›์—์„œ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•€์ž”์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ง๋„ ๋ชปํ•  ์ง€๊ฒฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
for letting my kids play on the ground.
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์ œ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๋•…๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์—์„œ ๋†€๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
Heaven forbid they play in the dirt, the kal,
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋‹˜์€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋…ธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธˆ์ง€ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
or even worse, lokvi, water -- that will kill them.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋ฌผ์—์„œ๋„์š”, ๋ฌผ์ด ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์ฃฝ์ผ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
I have been told by babas and dyados
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์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ๋†€๊ฒŒํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
04:14
that we shouldn't let our kids play so much
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์•ˆ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
because life is serious
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ธ์ƒ์€ ์ง„์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:19
and we need to train them for the seriousness of life.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์‚ถ์˜ ์ง„์ง€ํ•จ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ต์œก์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
We have a serious meme running through.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ „์Šน๋˜์–ด ์˜ค๋Š” ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋น„์œ ์ „์  ์ „๋‹ฌ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
It's a social gene running through us.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์œ ์ „์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
It's a serious gene.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์œ ์ „์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
It's 45 years of it
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45๋…„ ๋์–ด์š”
04:30
that's created what I call the "baba factor."
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๊ธฐ์š”์†Œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐฝ์กฐํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
04:32
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:34
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
04:36
And here's how it works.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™๋˜๋‚˜ ๋ณด์‹œ์ฃ .
04:38
Step one: woman says, "I want to have a baby. Iskam baby."
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1 ๋‹จ๊ณ„ : ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด "์ „ ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”.[๋ถˆ๋ถ„๋ช…] ์•„๊ธฐ์š”"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
Step two: we get the baby. Woohoo!
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2 ๋‹จ๊ณ„ : ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์•„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒจ์š”. ์™€์šฐ!
04:43
But then what happens in step three?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋‚˜์š”?
04:45
I want to go back to work
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๋‚œ ์ผํ„ฐ์— ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”.
04:47
because I need to further my career or I just want to go have coffees.
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๋‚ด ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋‚˜ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์„œ์ง€์š”.
04:50
I'm going to give bebko to baba.
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์ „ ์•„๊ธฐ์—๊ฒŒ [๋ถˆ๋ถ„๋ช…]์„ ์ฃผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
But we need to remember
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์–ต ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
04:55
that baba's been infected by the serious meme for 45 years.
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๊ทธ ์•„๊ธฐ๋Š” 45๋…„๊ฐ„ ๊ณ„์†๋œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋น„์œ ์ „์  ์ „๋‹ฌ์š”์†Œ์— ๊ฐ์—ผ๋˜์–ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
So what happens?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋‚˜์š”?
05:00
She passes that virus on to baby,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์•„๊ธฐ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ „์—ผ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
and it takes a really, really, really long time -- as the redwood trees --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ „๋‹ฌ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€
05:07
for that serious meme
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์šด์˜์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐ๋Š”
05:09
to get out of our operating system.
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๋ ˆ๋“œ์šฐ๋“œ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ผ๋Š”๊ฒƒ ๋งŒํผ ์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
What happens then?
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—” ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ฃ ?
05:14
It goes into education where we have an antiquated education system
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๊ณจ๋™ํ’ˆ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๊ต์œก ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ๊ฐ–์ถ”์–ด์ง„ ๊ต์œก์˜ ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ๊ณ  ๋“ค์–ด ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
that has little changed for 100 years,
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๊ทธ ๊ต์œก ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ 100๋…„๊ฐ„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ตฌ์š”,
05:19
that values rote learning,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ‹€์— ๋ฐ•ํžŒ ํ•™์Šต,
05:21
memorization and standardization,
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์•”๊ธฐ, ํš์ผํ™”์— ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ ,
05:23
and devalues self-expression, self-exploration,
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์ž๊ธฐ ํ‘œํ˜„, ์ž๊ธฐ ์ฃผ๋„์  ํ•™์Šต,
05:26
questioning, creativity and play.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ, ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ ˆํ•˜ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
It's a crap system.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
True story: I went looking for a school for my kid.
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์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‹คํ™”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ์ œ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋‹ ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„ ๋‹ค๋…”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
We went to this prestigious little school
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์ด ์ผ๋ฅ˜ ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ํ•™๊ต์— ์ฐพ์•„ ๊ฐ”๋”๋‹ˆ,
05:36
and they say they're going to study math 10 times a week
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์€ ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— 10 ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊ฑฐ๊ณ ,
05:38
and science eight times a week
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๊ณผํ•™์€ ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿ ์‹œ๊ฐ„,
05:40
and reading five times a day and all this stuff.
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์ฝ๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ๋‹ค์„ฏ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
And we said, "Well what about play and recess?"
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ "๋†€์ด์™€ ํœด์‹์€์š”?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ๋”๋‹ˆ,
05:45
And they said, "Ha. There won't be a single moment in the schedule."
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"ํ•˜ํ•˜, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์Šค์ผ€์ฅด์— ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑด ํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:48
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:50
And we said, "He's five."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”, "๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์„ฏ ์‚ด์ด์˜ˆ์š”"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
What a crime. What a crime.
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๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ง€์š”, ๋ฒ”์ฃ„.
05:54
And it's a crime
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ต์œก ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
that our education system is so serious because education is serious
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ต์œก์ด
05:59
that we're creating mindless, robotic workers
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์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ์˜์‹๋„ ์—†๋Š”,
06:01
to put bolts in pre-drilled holes.
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์ด๋ฏธ ๋“œ๋ฆด๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์ด ๋šซ๋ฆฐ ๊ณณ์— ๋ณผํŠธ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ•์•„ ๋Œ€๋Š” ๋กœ๋ด‡๊ฐ™์€ ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๋ฐ ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
But I'm sorry, the problems of today
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•œ ๋ง์”€์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
06:05
are not the problems of the Industrial Revolution.
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์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜๋ช…์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:07
We need adaptability,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ ์‘๋ ฅ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ด์š”.
06:09
the ability to learn how to be creative and innovative.
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์ฐฝ์˜์ ์ด๊ณ  ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
We don't need mechanized workers.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ™”๋œ ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋ฅผ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:14
But no, now our meme goes into work where we don't value play.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์ด์ œ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋†€์ด์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์žฅ ์†์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ๊ณ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
We create robotic workers that we treat like assets,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‚ฐ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋“ฏ ๋ฒˆ์ฉ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ฌ๋ ค ๋˜์ ธ๋ฒ„๋ฆด
06:20
to lever and just throw away.
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๋กœ๋ด‡๊ฐ™์€ ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋ฅผ ์–‘์‚ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
What are qualities of a Bulgarian work?
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๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์•„ ๊ทผ๋กœ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:25
Autocratic --
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๋…์žฌ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค-
06:27
do what I say because I'm the chef.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋ฐฉ์žฅ์ด๋‹ˆ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•ด.
06:29
I'm the boss and I know better than you.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์žฅ์ด๋‹ˆ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ž˜ ์•ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ .
06:31
Untrusting -- you're obviously a criminal, so I'm going to install cameras.
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๋ถˆ์‹ ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. - ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ‹€๋ฆผ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ „ ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
06:36
Controlling --
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๋˜ํ•œ ํ†ต์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค -
06:38
you're obviously an idiot, so I'm going to make
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋ฐ”๋ณด๋กœ๊ตฌ๋จผ,
06:40
a zillion little processes for you to follow so you don't step out of the box.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋”ฐ๋ผ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํžˆ ์„ธ๋ถ„ํ™” ํ•ด์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ฃผ์ง€, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ ํ‹€์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์„๊บผ์•ผ.
06:43
So they're restrictive -- don't use your mobile phone,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ตฌ์†์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.- ํœด๋Œ€ ์ „ํ™” ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ
06:45
don't use your laptop, don't search the Internet,
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๋…ธํŠธ๋ถ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ , ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท๋„ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ ,
06:47
don't be on I.M.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๋ฉ”์‹ ์ €๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ.
06:49
That's somehow unprofessional and bad.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋น„์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ, ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํ–‰๋™์ด์ง€์š”.
06:51
And at the end of the day, it's unfulfilling
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฃจ๊ฐ€ ๋ ๋‚  ๋ฌด๋ ต์—๋Š”, ์„ฑ์ทจ๊ฐ์„ ๋ชป๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
because you're controlled, you're restricted, you're not valued
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ†ต์ œ ๋ฐ›๊ณ , ์ œ์•ฝ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ธ์ •๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ 
06:56
and you're not having any fun.
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์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ์žฌ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋Š๋ผ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
In social, in education and in our business,
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์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ, ๊ต์œก์—์„œ ๋˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์—…์—์„œ๋„,
07:00
don't value play.
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๋†€์ด์— ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‘์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
And that's why we're last,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ผด์ฐŒ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
because we don't value play.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋†€์ด์— ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‘์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
And you can say, "That's ridiculous, Steve. What a dumb idea.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์•ผ, ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ. ๋ฐ”๋ณด ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์•ผ.
07:09
It can't be because of play.
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๋†€์ด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—†์–ด.
07:11
Just play, that's a stupid thing."
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋…ผ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ฐ”๋ณด ๊ฐ™์€ ์ง“์ด์•ผ."
07:13
We have the serious meme in us.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋น„์œ ์ „์  ์ „๋‹ฌ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
Well I'm going to say no.
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์ „ ๋ฐ”๋ณด๊ฐ™์€ ์ง“์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
And I will prove it to you in the next part of the speech --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ด์ œ
07:20
that play is the catalyst, it is the revolution,
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๋†€์ด๋Š” ์ด‰๋งค์ด์ž ํ˜๋ช…์ด๊ณ 
07:23
that we can use to transform Bulgaria for the better.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์•„๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž…์ฆํ•ด ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
Play:
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๋†€์ด :
07:28
our brains
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋Š”
07:30
are hardwired for play.
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๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํšŒ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์งœ์—ฌ์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
Evolution has selected,
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์ง„ํ™”๋Š” ์„ ํƒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:34
over millions and billions of years,
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋…„, ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต ์ด์ƒ
07:37
for play in animals and in humans.
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๋™๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์ธ๊ฐ„์—๊ฒŒ์„œ์˜ ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
And you know what?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์•„์„ธ์š”?
07:42
Evolution does a really, really good job
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์ง„ํ™”๋Š” ์ •๋ง๋กœ, ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
07:44
of deselecting traits that aren't advantageous to us
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํŠน์„ฑ์€ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•ด ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ ,
07:47
and selecting traits for competitive advantage.
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๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฅ์ ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
Nature isn't stupid, and it selected for play.
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์ž์—ฐ์€ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ž์—ฐ์€ ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:53
Throughout the animal kingdom, for example:
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๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ์™•๊ตญ์—์„œ, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
07:55
ants. Ants play.
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๊ฐœ๋ฏธ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ๋„ ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:57
Maybe you didn't know that.
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์•„๋งˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ชฐ๋ž์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
But when they're playing,
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๊ฐœ๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ,
08:01
they're learning the social order and dynamics of things.
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์‚ฌํšŒ ์งˆ์„œ์™€ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์˜ ์—ญํ•™์„ ๋ฐฐ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:03
Rats play, but what you might not have known
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์ฅ๋„ ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€์š”, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์…จ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
08:05
is that rats that play more
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๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฅ๊ฐ€
08:07
have bigger brains
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๋‡Œ๋„ ๋” ํฌ๊ณ 
08:09
and they learn tasks better,
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ํ•™์Šต๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๋„ ๋” ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ 
08:11
skills.
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋„ ๋” ์ž˜ ๋ฐฐ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
Kittens play. We all know kittens play.
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋„ ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€์š”. ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋…ผ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹ค ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
But what you may not know
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
08:17
is that kittens deprived of play
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๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š”
08:20
are unable to interact socially.
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์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:22
They can still hunt, but they can't be social.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆโ€‹โ€‹ ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅ์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:25
Bears play.
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๊ณฐ๋„ ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
But what you may not know
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
08:29
is that bears that play more survive longer.
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๋” ๋…ธ๋Š” ๊ณฐ์ด ๋” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ƒ์กดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:32
It's not the bears that learn how to fish better.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ณฐ์ด๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž˜ ์žก๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:34
It's the ones that play more.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณฐ์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
And a final really interesting study --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š”์š”,
08:39
it's been shown, a correlation
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๋†€์ด์™€ ๋‡Œ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ์ด์—๋Š”
08:41
between play and brain size.
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์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
The more you play, the bigger the brains there are.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก, ๋‡Œ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋” ํฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
Dolphins, pretty big brains, play a lot.
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๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜๋Š”, ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฝค ํฌ๊ณ ์š”, ๋†€์ด๋„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:49
But who do you think
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€
08:51
with the biggest brains are the biggest players?
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๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ปค์„œ ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:54
Yours truly: humans.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๋ฒ—์ธ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
Kids play, we play --
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์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€์š” -
08:58
of every nationality, of every race,
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๊ตญ์ ์„ ๋ถˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ณ , ์ธ์ข…์„ ๋ถˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ณ ,
09:00
of every color, of every religion.
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ํ”ผ๋ถ€์ƒ‰๊ณผ ์ข…๊ต๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
It's a universal thing -- we play.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณดํŽธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค-์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
And it's not just kids, it's adults too.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์• ๋“ค๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์–ด๋ฅธ๋„ ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
Really cool term: neoteny --
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์ง„์งœ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๋ง: ์œ ํƒœ๋ณด์กด -
09:09
the retention of play and juvenile traits in adults.
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋†€์ด๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์ธ์ด ๋˜์–ด์„œ๋„ ๋ณด์กด๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
And who are the biggest neotenists?
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์œ ํƒœ๋ณด์กด์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
09:14
Humans. We play sports.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šด๋™์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
We do it for fun, or as Olympians, or as professionals.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฏธ๋กœ, ๋˜๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ์„ ์ˆ˜๋กœ์„œ, ์ง์—…์ ์ธ ์„ ์ˆ˜๋กœ์„œ ์šด๋™์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
We play musical instruments.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•…๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:20
We dance, we kiss, we sing,
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์ถค์„ ์ถ”๊ณ , ํ‚ค์Šคํ•˜๊ณ , ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:22
we just goof around.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ฐ”๋ณด์ง“์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
09:24
We're designed by nature to play
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์„ญ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
from birth to old age.
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ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋Š™์„ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
We're designed to do that continuously --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค -
09:33
to play and play a lot
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๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
09:35
and not stop playing.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‰ฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:37
It is a huge benefit.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ํ˜œํƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
Just like there's benefits to animals,
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๋งˆ์น˜ ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ˜œํƒ์ด ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด
09:42
there's benefits to humans.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ํ˜œํƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
For example, it's been shown
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด
09:46
to stimulate neural growth in the amygdala,
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๊ฐ์ •์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ธ ํŽธ๋„์„ ์—
09:48
in the area where it controls emotions.
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์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ผ๋„๋ก ์ž๊ทน์„ ์ค€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:50
It's been shown to promote pre-frontal cortex development
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ธ์‹์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „๋‘์—ฝ ํ”ผ์งˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„
09:53
where a lot of cognition is happening.
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์ด‰์ง„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
As a result, what happens?
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์งˆ๊นŒ์š”?
09:57
We develop more emotional maturity if we play more.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ฐ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋”์šฑ ์„ฑ์ˆ™ํ•ด ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:00
We develop better decision-making ability
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋†€๋ฉด,
10:02
if we play more.
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์˜์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ์ •๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋”์šฑ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
These guys are facts.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
It's not fiction, it's not story tales, it's not make-believe;
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ—ˆ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋ฏฟ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค;
10:08
it's cold, hard science.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ƒ‰์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ€์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
These are the benefits to play.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋†€์ด์˜ ์žฅ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:13
It is a genetic birthright that we have,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋œ, ์œ ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ ํƒ€๊ณ ๋‚œ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
like walking or speaking or seeing.
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๊ฑท๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
And if we handicap ourselves with play,
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๋งŒ์ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋†€์ด์— ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌํ•œ ์ž…์žฅ์„ ๋‘”๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:21
we handicap ourselves
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌํ•œ ์ž…์žฅ์— ๋‘๋“ฏ์ด
10:23
as if we would with any other birthright that we have.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
We hold ourselves back.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์ €์ง€์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:29
Little exercise just for a second:
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๋ง‰๊ฐ„์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๋ชธ ์ข€ ํ’€์–ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
10:31
close your eyes
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๋ˆˆ์„ ๊ฐ๊ณ 
10:33
and try to imagine a world without play.
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๋†€์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:36
Imagine a world without theater, without the arts,
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๊ทน์žฅ์—†๋Š”, ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์ด ์—†๋Š”
10:39
without song, without dancing,
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๋…ธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š”, ์ถค๋„ ์—†๋Š”,
10:42
without soccer, without football,
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์ถ•๊ตฌ๋„ ์—†๊ณ ,
10:44
without laughter.
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์›ƒ์Œ๋„ ์—†๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
10:46
What does this world look like?
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์„ธ์ƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์„๊นŒ์š”?
10:48
It's pretty bleak.
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์ •๋ง ํ™ฉ๋Ÿ‰ํ•˜์ง€์š”.
10:50
It's pretty glum.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์šฐ์šธํ• ๊ฑฐ๊ตฌ์š”.
10:52
Now imagine your workplace.
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ง์žฅ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
Is it fun? Is it playful?
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์žฌ๋ฏธ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋งŒ ํ•œ๊ฐ€์š”?
10:56
Or maybe the workplace of your friends -- here we're forward thinking.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์˜ ์ง์žฅ์€
10:59
Is it fun? Is it playful?
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์žฌ๋ฏธ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋งŒ ํ•œ๊ฐ€์š”?
11:01
Or is it crap? Is it autocratic, controlling,
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋…์žฌ์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ†ต์ œ์ ์ด๊ณ 
11:04
restrictive and untrusting and unfulfilling?
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๊ทœ์ œ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ , ์„ฑ์ทจ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ณณ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
11:09
We have this concept
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๊ฐ€
11:11
that the opposite of play is work.
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์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:14
We even feel guilty if we're seen playing at work.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ๋…ธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“คํ‚ค๋ฉด ์ฃ„์ฑ…๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:17
"Oh, my colleagues see me laughing. I must not have enough work,"
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"์˜ค, ์ œ ๋™๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์›ƒ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์ „ ์ผ์„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†์–ด์š”."
11:20
or, "Oh, I've got to hide because my boss might see me.
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๋˜๋Š”, "์˜ค, ๋‚ด ์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„ ๋ชธ์„ ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ด์š”.
11:23
He's going to think I'm not working hard."
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์„ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ• ๊ฑฐ์—์š”."
11:26
But I have news for you: our thinking is backwards.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์†Œ์‹์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค : ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ์ •๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:28
The opposite of play
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๋†€์ด์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋Š”
11:30
is not work.
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์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
The opposite of play
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๋†€์ด์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋Š”
11:34
is depression. It's depression.
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์šฐ์šธ์ฆ, ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
In fact,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค,
11:39
play improves our work.
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๋†€์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ž‘์—… ๋Šฅ๋ฅ ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:41
Just like there's benefits for humans and animals,
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋™๋ฌผ์—๊ฒŒ ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด,
11:43
there's benefits for play at work.
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์ง์žฅ์—์„œ์˜ ๋†€์ด์—๋„ ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:45
For example, it stimulates creativity.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ฐฝ์กฐ์„ฑ์„ ์ž๊ทนํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:49
It increases our openness to change.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋”์šฑ ์—ด๋ฆฐ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:52
It improves our ability to learn.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ•™์Šต๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:54
It provides a sense of purpose and mastery --
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์˜์‹๊ณผ ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค-
11:56
two key motivational things
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๊ทธ ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
11:58
that increase productivity,
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์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š”
12:00
through play.
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ ์ธ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ถ€์—ฌ ์š”์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:02
So before you start thinking of play as just not serious,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋†€์ด๋Š” ์ง„์ง€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
12:05
play doesn't mean frivolous.
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๋†€์ด๋Š” ํ•˜์ฐฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:07
You know, the professional athlete that loves skiing,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์Šคํ‚ค๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๋ฌธ ์šด๋™ ์„ ์ˆ˜๋Š”,
12:09
he's serious about it, but he loves it.
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์Šคํ‚ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ง„์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
He's having fun, he's in the groove, he's in the flow.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ , ์ž๊ธฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•Œ๋งž์€ ์ง์—…์ด๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ , ํ๋ฆ„์„ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:15
A doctor might be serious,
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์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„์ง€ํ•ด ๋ณด์ผ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
12:17
but laughter's still a great medicine.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์›ƒ์Œ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆโ€‹โ€‹ ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:21
Our thinking is backwards.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:23
We shouldn't be feeling guilty.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฃ„์ฑ…๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๊ปด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
We should be celebrating play.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ์ถ•ํ•˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:27
Quick example from the corporate world.
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๊ธฐ์—…๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๋ฉด,
12:29
FedEx, easy motto: people, service, profit.
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ํŽ˜๋ฑ์Šค, ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชจํ†  ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค : ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์„œ๋น„์Šค, ์ด์ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:32
If you treat your people like people, if you treat them great,
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๋งŒ์ผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ง์›์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋‹ต๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์ ‘ํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ ‘ํ•˜๋ฉด,
12:35
they're happier, they're fulfilled, they have a sense of mastery and purpose.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋”์šฑ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ , ๋”์šฑ ์„ฑ์ทจ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฃผ์ธ์˜์‹๊ณผ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์˜์‹์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:38
What happens? They give better service --
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋ƒ๊ตฌ์š”? ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ง€์š” -
12:40
not worse, but better.
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๋” ๋‚˜์œ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ, ๋” ์ข‹์€ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:42
And when customers call for service
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๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ํ˜ธ์ถœํ•  ๋•Œ
12:44
and they're dealing with happy people that can make decisions and are fulfilled,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์„ฑ์ทจ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ถฉ๋งŒ๋œ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
how do the customers feel? They feel great.
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๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ƒ๊ตฌ์š”? ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•œ ๊ฐ๋™์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:49
And what do great customers do, great-feeling customers?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด, ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”? ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•œ ๊ฐ๋™์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ๊ณ ๊ฐ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:52
They buy more of your service and they tell more of their friends,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ๋” ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“คํ•œํ…Œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ• ๊ฑฐ๊ณ ,
12:54
which leads to more profit.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ด์ต์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:56
People, service, profit.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์„œ๋น„์Šค, ์ด์ต.
12:58
Play increases productivity, not decreases.
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๋†€์ด๋Š” ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผœ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:01
And you're going to say,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:03
"Gee, that can work for FedEx out there in the United States,
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"๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ €๊ธฐ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํŽ˜๋ฑ์Šคํ•œํ…Œ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ผ์ด์•ผ.
13:05
but it can't work in Bulgaria.
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๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์•„์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„.
13:07
No way. We're different."
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๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ๋ผ. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ผ."
13:09
It does work in Bulgaria, you guys. Two reasons.
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๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์•„์—์„œ๋„ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์œ ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:11
One, play is universal.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”, ๋†€์ด๋Š” ๋ณดํŽธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:13
There's nothing weird about Bulgarians that we can't play,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์•„์ธ๋“ค์ด ๋†€์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌด์‹œ๋ฌด์‹œํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:16
besides the serious meme that we have to kick out.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ ธ ๋ฒ„๋ ค์•ผ ํ•  ๋น„์œ ์ „์  ๋ฌธํ™”์š”์†Œ ์™ธ์— ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:18
Two, I've tried it. I've tried at Sciant.
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๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Sciant์—์„œ ์‹œ๋„ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:21
When I got there, we had zero happy customers.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค์€ ํ•œ๋ช…๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:23
Not one customer would refer us.
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๋‹จ ํ•œ ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์„ ๋ง๊ธฐ๋ ค ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:25
I asked them all.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ถ„๋“ค ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์•˜์ฃ .
13:27
We had marginal profit -- I did.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒจ์šฐ ์ด์ต์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒผ์–ด์š” - ์ €๋„ ๊ทธ๋žฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:29
We had marginal profits,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒจ์šฐ ์ด์ต์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒผ๊ณ ,
13:31
and we had unhappy stakeholders.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋Š” ๋ถˆํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:33
Through some basic change,
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด,
13:35
change like improving transparency,
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ํˆฌ๋ช…์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ธ๋‹ค๋“ ์ง€,
13:38
change like promoting self-direction
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์ž๊ธฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ ฅ์„ ์กฐ์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค๋“ ์ง€,
13:40
and collaboration, encouraging collaboration,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ œ์ œ, ๋…์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ฒด์ œ๋ฅผ
13:43
not autocracy,
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์žฅ๋ คํ•œ๋‹ค๋“ ์ง€,
13:45
the things like having a results-focus.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:47
I don't care when you get in in the morning. I don't care when you leave.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์•„์นจ ๋ช‡์‹œ์— ์ถœ๊ทผํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ์–ธ์ œ ํ‡ด๊ทผํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ์ƒ๊ด€์น˜ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:50
I care that your customer and your team is happy
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ณ ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํŒ€์ด ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ๊ฐ€,
13:52
and you're organized with that.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์กฐ์ง์ด ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์—ผ๋‘์— ๋‘๊ณ  ์กฐ์ง๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:54
Why do I care if you get in at nine o'clock?
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด 9์‹œ์— ์ถœ๊ทผํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์™œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ ์“ฐ์ง€์š”?
13:56
Basically promoting fun.
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ์ง€์š”.
13:58
Through promoting fun and a great environment,
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์žฌ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์ข‹์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถค์œผ๋กœ์จ
14:01
we were able to transform Sciant
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” Sciant๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:03
and, in just three short years --
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๊ฒจ์šฐ ๋ถˆ๊ณผ 3๋…„๋งŒ์— -
14:05
sounds like a long time, but change is slow --
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๊ธด ์„ธ์›”์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค-
14:07
every customer, from zero to every customer referring us,
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ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ํ•œ ๋ช…๋„ ์—†์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด์ œ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค์ด
14:10
above average profits for the industry
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์‚ฐ์—… ์ „์ฒด ํ‰๊ท ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ด์œค์„ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๊ณ 
14:12
and happy stakeholders.
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ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋“ค์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:14
And you can say, "Well how do you know they're happy?"
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ "๋„ค๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ–‰๋ณต๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•„?"๋ผ๊ณ  ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:16
Well we did win, every year that we entered,
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์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ณ ์šฉ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆœ์œ„์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์—
14:18
one of the rankings for best employer for small business.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ ์ •๋˜๋Š” ํ•ด์—๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ธด๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
14:21
Independent analysis from anonymous employees
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์ต๋ช…์˜ ์ง์›๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ž์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
14:23
on their surveys.
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๋ถ„์„ํ•ด ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:25
It does, and it can, work in Bulgaria.
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๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์•„์—์„œ๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:27
There's nothing holding us back,
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๋†€์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฐฉ์‹ ์™ธ์—,
14:29
except our own mentality about play.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ์š”์†Œ๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:32
So some steps that we can take -- to finish up --
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐŸ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š” - ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ธ๋ฐ์š”-
14:35
how to make this revolution through play.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด ํ˜๋ช…์„ ์„ฑ๊ณต์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:37
First of all, you have to believe me.
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๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๋จผ์ €, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ์œผ์…”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:39
If you don't believe me,
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋ชป ๋ฏฟ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด,
14:41
well just go home and think about it some more or something.
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๋Œ์— ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์…”์„œ ์ข€ ๋” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
14:43
Second of all, if you don't have the feeling of play in you,
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๋‘˜์งธ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ž์‹ ์—์„ธ์„œ ๋†€์ด์˜ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด,
14:46
you need to rediscover play.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ์žฌ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:48
Whatever it was that as a kid you used to enjoy,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ์ ์— ์ฆ๊ฒผ๋˜ ๋†€์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๊ฑด ๊ฐ„์—,
14:50
that you enjoyed only six months ago,
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๋‹จ์ง€ 6๊ฐœ์›” ์ „์— ์ฆ๊ฒผ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋„,
14:52
but now that you've got that promotion you can't enjoy,
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ฆ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์กฐ์„ฑ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—,
14:54
because you feel like you have to be serious,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด ๋“ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—,
14:56
rediscover it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žฌ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:58
I don't care if it's mountain biking or reading a book or playing a game.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด์˜ ์‚ฐ์•… ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ์ด๋“ , ๋…์„œ๋“ , ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ด๋“  ์ƒ๊ด€์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:00
Rediscover that
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žฌ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์š”.
15:02
because you're the leaders,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ฆฌ๋”์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:04
the innovation leaders, the thought leaders.
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ํ˜์‹ ์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋”, ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋”์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:06
You're the ones that have to go back to the office
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:08
or talk to your friends
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ํ˜น์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด์„œ
15:10
and ignite the fire of change in the play revolution.
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๋†€์ด ํ˜๋ช…์— ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ๋ถˆ์”จ๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋ถ™์—ฌ์•ผํ•  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:13
You guys have to, and if you're not feeling it,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์ผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Š๋ผ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
15:15
your colleagues, your employees, aren't going to feel it.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ, ์ง์›๋“ค๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Š๋ผ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:18
You've got to go back and say, "Hey, I'm going to trust you."
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ, "์ด๋ด, ๋‚œ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ฏฟ์„๊ฑฐ์•ผ." ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:21
Weird concept: I hired you; I should trust you.
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์ด์ƒํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์ด์ฃ . ๋‚œ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๊ณ ์šฉํ–ˆ์–ด. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‚œ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•ด์•ผํ•ด.
15:24
I'm going to let you make decisions. I'm going to empower you,
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ถŒ์„ ์ฃผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ํž˜์„ ์ฃผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:27
and I'm going to delegate to the lowest level, rather than the top.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ตœ๊ณ ์œ„์ธต ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์ตœํ•˜์œ„์ธต์— ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ์œ„์ž„ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:30
I'm going to encourage constructive criticism.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์ ์ธ ๋น„ํŒ์„ ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:33
I'm going to let you challenge authority.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ถŒ์œ„์— ๋„์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:35
Because it's by challenging the way things are always done
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์ผ์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰ํ•ด์กŒ๋˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋„์ „ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
15:38
is that we are able to break out of the rut that we're in
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํŒ์— ๋ฐ•ํžŒ ๊ด€์Šต์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:40
and create innovative solutions
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
15:42
to problems of today.
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ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ๋‚ด ๋†“์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:44
We're not always right as leaders.
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๋ฆฌ๋”๋กœ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์˜ณ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:46
We're going to eradicate fear.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‘๋ ค์›€์„ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ์งธ ๋ฝ‘์•„๋‚ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:48
Fear is the enemy of play.
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๋‘๋ ค์›€์€ ๋†€์ด์˜ ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:51
And we're going to do things
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทœ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์„
15:53
like eliminate restrictions.
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ํ• ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:55
You know what, let them use their mobile phone
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์žˆ์ฃ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š˜๋งŒ์ด ๊ธˆ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ํ†ตํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด
15:57
for personal calls -- heaven forbid.
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ํœด๋Œ€ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
16:00
Let them be on the Internet.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
16:02
Let them be on instant messengers.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฉ”์‹ ์ €๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
16:05
Let them take long lunches.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ธด ์ ์‹ฌ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ—ˆ๋ฝํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
16:09
Lunch is like the recess for work.
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์ ์‹ฌ์‹์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํœด์‹๊ณผ๋„ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:11
It's when you go out in the world
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ผํ„ฐ์—์„œ ์„ธ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€
16:13
and you recharge your brain, you meet your friends,
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๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ์žฌ์ถฉ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ , ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ณ 
16:15
you have a beer, you have some food, you talk,
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๋งฅ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉฐ, ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ๋•Œ,
16:18
you get some synergy of ideas
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์•„๋งˆ ์ „์— ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜
16:20
that maybe you wouldn't have had before.
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์•„์ด๋””์–ด์˜ ์‹œ๋„ˆ์ง€ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋‘˜ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:22
Let them do it. Give them some freedom,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ํ—ˆ๋ฝํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์š”. ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์‹ญ์‹œ์š”.
16:25
and in general, let them play. Let them have fun at the workplace.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋‘์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ์žฌ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋Š๋ผ๋„๋ก ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
16:28
We spend so much of our lives at the workplace,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:31
and it's supposed to be, what, a miserable grind,
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์•„๋งˆ ๋น„์ฐธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•œ ์ผ์ด ๋ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:33
so that 20 years from now, we wake up and say, "Is this it?
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์ง€๊ธˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 20 ๋…„ํ›„, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊นจ์–ด๋‚˜ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, "์ด๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์•ผ?"
16:36
Is that all there was?"
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์ „๋ถ€์˜€์–ด?"
16:38
Unacceptable. Nepriemliv.
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์ด๋Ÿด์ˆ˜๊ฐ€. [๋ถˆ๋ถ„๋ช…].
16:40
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
16:43
So in summary,
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์š”์•ฝํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด,
16:45
we need a drastic change
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
16:47
in the way we think and behave,
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๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:49
but we don't need
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๊ฑด
16:51
a workers' revolution.
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๋…ธ๋™์ž ํ˜๋ช…์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:54
We don't need a workers' revolution.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋™์ž ํ˜๋ช…์„ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:56
What we need
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
16:58
is a players' uprising.
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๋…ธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ž€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:00
What we need is a players' uprising.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑด ๋…ธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ž€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:03
What we need is a players' uprising.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑด ๋…ธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ž€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:05
Seriously, we need to band together.
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์ •๋ง๋กœ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‹จ๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:07
Today is the start of the uprising.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์ด ๋ฐ˜๋ž€์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:09
But what you need to do
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•ด์•ผํ•  ์ผ์€
17:11
is fan the flames of the revolution.
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ํ˜๋ช…์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ธธ์— ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์„ ๋ถˆ์–ด ๋„ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:13
You need to go and share your ideas and your success stories
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๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€
17:16
of what worked
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์™€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:18
about reinvigorating our lives, our schools,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…๊ณผ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ•™๊ต์™€, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ผํ„ฐ์— ํ™œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ์–ด ๋„ฃ์–ด ์ค€,
17:21
and our work with play;
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๋†€์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ
17:23
about how play promotes
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋†€์ด๊ฐ€
17:25
a sense of promise and self-fulfillment;
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์žฅ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ž์•„์„ฑ์ทจ๊ฐ์„ ์ฆ๋Œ€์‹œ์ผœ ์ฃผ๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ
17:28
of how play promotes innovation and productivity,
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋†€์ด๊ฐ€ ํ˜์‹ ๊ณผ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ์ด‰์ง„์‹œ์ผœ ์ฃผ๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ
17:32
and, ultimately, how play creates meaning.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋†€์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:36
Because we can't do it alone. We have to do it together,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ˜ผ์ž๋Š” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ–์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:39
and together, if we do this and share these ideas on play,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜, ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋†€์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
17:42
we can transform Bulgaria for the better.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์•„๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:46
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:48
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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