James Patten: The best computer interface? Maybe ... your hands

112,563 views ・ 2014-04-24

TED


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譯者: Thunder Song 審譯者: Jina Chen
00:12
A computer is an incredibly powerful means
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電腦有著不可思議的強大功能,
00:15
of creative expression,
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在於它極具創意的表達方式,
00:17
but for the most part,
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但是大部份電腦,
00:18
that expression is confined to the screens
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表達方式僅限於有限的螢幕
00:20
of our laptops and mobile phones.
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也就是我們的筆電以及手機螢幕。
00:23
And I'd like to tell you a story about
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我想告訴你一個故事,是關於
00:25
bringing this power of the computer
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如何將這些強大的電腦
00:27
to move things around and interact with us
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移動身邊的東西和我們互動,
00:29
off of the screen and into the physical world
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離開屏幕並且進入現實世界,
00:32
in which we live.
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也就是我們的生活之中。
00:33
A few years ago, I got a call from
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幾年前,我接了一個電話,
00:35
a luxury fashion store called Barneys New York,
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來自一個豪華時尚的商店,叫做巴尼斯紐約, (巴尼斯紐約:Barneys New York, 一家著名的高檔百貨連鎖店)
00:37
and the next thing I knew,
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接下來我了解到的是,
00:39
I was designing storefront kinetic sculptures
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我當時正在設計 商店展櫥裏動態的雕塑
00:41
for their window displays.
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用來放在櫥窗裡展示。
00:43
This one's called "The Chase."
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這個叫做“追逐”。
00:44
There are two pairs of shoes,
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這裡有兩雙鞋子,
00:46
a man's pair and a woman's pair,
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一雙男鞋,一雙女鞋,
00:47
and they play out this slow, tense chase
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它們進行著這樣的緩慢的,緊張的追逐,
00:50
around the window
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就在櫥窗當中,
00:51
in which the man scoots up behind the woman
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男人嘗試迅速的走到女人的身後,
00:54
and gets in her personal space,
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當他接近她時
00:55
and then she moves away.
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她卻又走遠了。
00:57
Each of the shoes has magnets in it,
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每雙鞋子都裝有磁鐵,
00:59
and there are magnets underneath the table
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並且在平台下面也有磁鐵,
01:01
that move the shoes around.
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使鞋子能夠移動。
01:03
My friend Andy Cavatorta was building
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我的朋友安迪卡瓦托達當時正在建造
01:05
a robotic harp for Bjork's Biophilia tour
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一個機器人豎琴,是為了 碧玉的專輯-自然定律的巡演,
01:08
and I wound up building the electronics
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我最後負責設計電路
01:11
and motion control software
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以及動作來控制軟體,
01:13
to make the harps move and play music.
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讓這些豎琴能夠演奏音樂。
01:15
The harp has four separate pendulums,
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豎琴有四個分開的單擺,
01:17
and each pendulum has 11 strings,
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每一個單擺都有11根琴弦,
01:20
so the harp swings on its axis and also rotates
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所以每個豎琴在自己的 軸上擺動同時能夠旋轉,
01:22
in order to play different musical notes,
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這樣就能夠演奏出不同的音符,
01:24
and the harps are all networked together
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並且所有的豎琴 都是通過網絡連在一起,
01:26
so that they can play the right notes
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這樣就能讓它們 演奏出正確的音符,
01:28
at the right time in the music.
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同時在正確的時間點演奏。
01:31
I built an interactive chemistry exhibit
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我建造了一個互動的化學展品,
01:33
at the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago,
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在芝加哥的科學工業博物館,
01:36
and this exhibit lets people use physical objects
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這個展品讓人們可以使用物品
01:39
to grab chemical elements off of the periodic table
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將化學元素從元素週期表中取出,
01:42
and bring them together to cause
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然後放在一起,
01:43
chemical reactions to happen.
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引起化學反應。
01:45
And the museum noticed that people
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博物館的工作人員發現
01:47
were spending a lot of time with this exhibit,
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人們會在這個展品上花費大量的時間,
01:49
and a researcher from a science education center
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一個來自澳大利亞 科學教育中心的研究者
01:52
in Australia decided to study this exhibit
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決定去研究這個展品
01:55
and try to figure out what was going on.
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並且嘗試找出原因。
01:57
And she found that the physical objects
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然後她發現這些人們使用的物品
02:00
that people were using were helping people
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能夠幫助人們去了解
02:01
understand how to use the exhibit,
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如何使用這樣的一件展品,
02:03
and were helping people learn in a social way.
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幫助人們透過社會互動去學習。
02:06
And when you think about it, this makes a lot of sense,
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當你開始考慮這個的時候, 這是非常合理的,
02:09
that using specialized physical objects
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使用一些特別的物品
02:11
would help people use an interface more easily.
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能夠幫助人們更加容易的 去使用一種介面。
02:14
I mean, our hands and our minds are optimized
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我的意思是, 我們的雙手以及我們的思維
02:17
to think about and interact with tangible objects.
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會對思考如何接觸 有形的物體進行優化。
02:20
Think about which you find easier to use,
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思考一下你覺得哪個更容易使用,
02:22
a physical keyboard or an onscreen keyboard
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是物理鍵盤還是螢幕上的觸摸鍵盤
02:25
like on a phone?
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比如說手機?
02:27
But the thing that struck me
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但是讓我震驚的是
02:28
about all of these different projects
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這些不同的案子
02:30
is that they really had to be built from scratch,
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都是不得不從頭開始,
02:33
down to the level of the electronics
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然後深入到電子元件
02:35
and the printed circuit boards and
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以及電路板的層次進行設計,
02:36
all the mechanisms all the way up to the software.
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最後讓所有的機械通過軟體控制。
02:39
I wanted to create something
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我想創造一些東西
02:40
where we could move objects under computer control
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我們可以通過移動 由電腦控制的物體
02:44
and create interactions around that idea
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並且圍繞這樣的一個想法 建立出互動關係,
02:46
without having to go through this process
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而不需要通過這樣的一個流程,
02:48
of building something from scratch
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也就是每次建造都是從頭開始。
02:49
every single time.
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02:51
So my first attempt at this
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所以我的首次嘗試這個
02:53
was at the MIT Media Lab
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是在麻省理工的媒體實驗室
02:55
with Professor Hiroshi Ishii,
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和石井裕教授一起,
02:56
and we built this array of
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我們一起創造了這個由
02:58
512 different electromagnets,
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512個不同的電磁鐵構成的矩陣,
03:00
and together they were able to move objects around
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它們能夠讓物體
03:03
on top of their surface.
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在它們的表面上移動。
03:04
But the problem with this
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這個存在的問題是
03:06
was that these magnets
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這些磁鐵
03:08
cost over 10,000 dollars.
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耗費了超過一萬美元。
03:10
Although each one was pretty small,
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儘管每一個都是特別的小,
03:11
altogether they weighed so much
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但是放在一起它們便會特別的重
03:13
that the table that they were on
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甚至是它們下面的桌子
03:14
started to sag.
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都會開始下沉。
03:16
So I wanted to build something
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所以我想創造一些東西
03:17
where you could have this kind of interaction
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也能產生這樣的一種互動
03:19
on any tabletop surface.
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即便是在任何一種桌面上。
03:21
So to explore this idea,
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要實現這樣的一個想法,
03:24
I built an army of small robots,
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我創造了一小支機器人軍隊,
03:26
and each of these robots has what are called omni wheels.
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其中的每一個機器人 都有一個“全方位”的輪子。
03:28
They're these special wheels
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這就是這些特別的輪子
03:30
that can move equally easily in all directions,
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能夠方便的朝任何一個方向移動,
03:32
and when you couple these robots
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當你連接這些機器人的時候
03:35
with a video projector,
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通過一個投影機,
03:37
you have these physical tools
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你可以使用這些工具,
03:39
for interacting with digital information.
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和數位資訊產生互動。
03:42
So here's an example of what I mean.
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這裡有一個例子。
03:43
This is a video editing application
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這是一個影片編緝軟體,
03:45
where all of the controls
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軟體中所有的控制
03:47
for manipulating the video are physical.
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以及控制這個影片 都是通過直接控制的。
03:49
So if we want to tweak the color,
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如果我們想旋轉這個顏色,
03:51
we just enter the color mode,
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我們只需要進入色彩模式,
03:52
and then we get three different dials
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然後我們就能由三個不同的錶盤
03:53
for tweaking the color,
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可以通過旋轉來改變顏色,
03:55
or if we want to adjust the audio,
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或者說我們想改變聲音,
03:57
then we get two different dials for that, these physical objects.
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接著我們就會有兩個錶盤。
04:00
So here the left and right channel stay in sync,
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在這裏左邊和右邊兩個會保持同步,
04:03
but if we want to, we can override that
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但是如果我們想,我們是可以調整的,
04:05
by grabbing both of them at the same time.
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通過同時調節它們兩個。
04:08
So the idea is that we get the speed
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這樣的想法能夠讓我們快速
04:10
and efficiency benefits of using these physical dials
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並且高效地操作,並且這些物理錶盤
04:13
together with the flexibility and versatility
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也同時兼備靈活性和通用性
04:16
of a system that's designed in software.
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在軟件設計的系統當中。
04:19
And this is a mapping application
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在這個能夠反應災難發生地點的
04:21
for disaster response.
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定點地圖軟體中,
04:23
So you have these physical objects
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你有用這三個物體
04:25
that represent police, fire and rescue,
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分別代表警察,火警以及救援,
04:27
and a dispatcher can grab them
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調度員可以通過抓起它們
04:29
and place them on the map
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並且把它們放在地圖上
04:30
to tell those units where to go,
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通過這樣告訴他們 應該去地圖上哪個地點,
04:32
and then the position of the units on the map
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接著地圖上的這個地點
04:34
gets synced up with the position
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便會和現實世界中的地點進行同步。
04:36
of those units in the real world.
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04:40
This is a video chat application.
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這是一個影片聊天軟體。
04:42
It's amazing how much emotion you can convey
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令人震驚地是你會發現 你可以傳達多少表情
04:44
with just a few simple movements
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而且只需要通過操作機器人
04:45
of a physical object.
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執行幾個簡單地操作。
04:48
With this interface, we open up a huge array of possibilities
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通過這樣的互動方式, 我們創造了很多可能性,
04:51
in between traditional board games
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介於傳統的棋盤遊戲
04:53
and arcade games,
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以及街機遊戲之間,
04:54
where the physical possibilities of interaction
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可能產生的互動模式
04:57
make so many different styles of play possible.
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可以創造許多不同類型的遊戲體驗。
05:00
But one of the areas that I'm most excited
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但是之中我最感興趣的是
05:03
about using this platform for
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這個平台可以應用在
05:05
is applying it to problems that are difficult
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那些電腦或者人們 無法單獨解決的問題上。
05:07
for computers or people to solve alone.
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05:09
One example of those is protein folding.
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其中一個例子是蛋白質的折疊。
05:12
So here we have an interface
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這裡有一個互動的例子
05:13
where we have physical handles onto a protein,
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我們通過對蛋白質增加一些物理端口
05:17
and we can grab those handles
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然後我們可以通過操作這些物理端口
05:19
and try to move the protein and try to fold it in different ways.
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嘗試移動並且用不同的方式折疊這些蛋白質。
05:22
And if we move it in a way that doesn't really make sense
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如果我們操作的方式是不可能實現的,
05:25
with the underlying molecular simulation,
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通過後台化學分子的模擬
05:27
we get this physical feedback where we can
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我們可以得到一些實際的反饋,
05:29
actually feel these physical handles
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事實上能夠感受到這些物理端口
05:31
pulling back against us.
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正在阻止我們並朝反方向拉扯。
05:32
So feeling what's going on
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所以可以感受到
05:34
inside a molecular simulation
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化學分子的模擬過程當中正在發生什麼,
05:36
is a whole different level of interaction.
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這是一個完全不同等級的互動方式。
05:39
So we're just beginning to explore
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所以我們正在開始去 探索什麼是可能發生的,
05:42
what's possible when we use software
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當我們我們使用軟體 去控制物體的移動。
05:45
to control the movement
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05:46
of objects in our environment.
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05:48
Maybe this is the computer of the future.
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可能這就是電腦的未來。
05:51
There's no touchscreen.
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沒有觸摸屏,
05:53
There's no technology visible at all.
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沒有任何可視的科技,
05:55
But when we want to have a video chat
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但是當我們如果想進行視頻聊天的時候,
05:57
or play a game
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或者玩遊戲,
05:58
or lay out the slides to our next TED Talk,
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或者編排下一張TED演講的幻燈片,
06:01
the objects on the table come alive.
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這些桌子上的物體便會活了過來。
06:03
Thank you.
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謝謝。
06:05
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
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