Smash fear, learn anything | Tim Ferriss

1,088,829 views ・ 2009-04-16

TED


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翻译人员: Haohao Chen 校对人员: Jenny Yang
00:16
This is Tim Ferriss circa 1979 A.D. Age two.
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这是公元1979年的提姆·费里斯,两岁。
00:22
You can tell by the power squat, I was a very confident boy --
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从这个强力深蹲看得出,我是一个很自信的小孩
00:25
and not without reason.
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这是有原因的。
00:27
I had a very charming routine at the time,
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我当时一个很迷人的惯例
00:29
which was to wait until late in the evening
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就是等到夜深人静时,
00:31
when my parents were decompressing from a hard day's work,
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当我父母在熬完了一天的辛苦工作之后
00:34
doing their crossword puzzles, watching television.
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在做填字游戏、看电视的时候。
00:36
I would run into the living room, jump up on the couch,
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我会冲进客厅,跳上沙发,
00:39
rip the cushions off, throw them on the floor,
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撕开靠垫,把它们摔到地上,
00:41
scream at the top of my lungs and run out
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用尽全力地尖叫,然后跑出去
00:43
because I was the Incredible Hulk.
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因为我是绿巨人。
00:45
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
00:47
Obviously, you see the resemblance.
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你能明显地看出相似之处来。
00:49
And this routine went on for some time.
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这个惯例持续了一段时间。
00:53
When I was seven I went to summer camp.
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七岁的时候,我参加了夏令营。
00:56
My parents found it necessary for peace of mind.
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我父母觉得这对他们的内心平静非常必要。
00:58
And at noon each day
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每天中午,
01:00
the campers would go to a pond,
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参加夏令营的孩子都会去到湖边
01:02
where they had floating docks.
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湖边有浮动船坞。
01:04
You could jump off the end into the deep end.
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你能从船坞尽头跳进湖的深处。
01:06
I was born premature. I was always very small.
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我是早产儿。我一直个子很小。
01:08
My left lung had collapsed when I was born.
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从出生起,我的左肺就闭合了。
01:10
And I've always had buoyancy problems.
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因此我身体的浮力一向不好。
01:12
So water was something that scared me to begin with.
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我开始时很害怕下水,
01:14
But I would go in on occasion.
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不过偶尔也会尝试。
01:16
And on one particular day,
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有一天,
01:18
the campers were jumping through inner tubes,
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孩子们玩起了跳救生圈游戏。
01:21
They were diving through inner tubes. And I thought this would be great fun.
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他们跳进水上的救生圈,潜到水里。我觉得这很有趣。
01:23
So I dove through the inner tube,
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于是我穿过救生圈潜进水里,
01:25
and the bully of the camp grabbed my ankles.
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这时夏令营里的一个坏孩子抓住了我的脚踝。
01:28
And I tried to come up for air,
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我想出水换气,
01:32
and my lower back hit the bottom of the inner tube.
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但后背被救生圈底部顶住了。
01:34
And I went wild eyed and thought I was going to die.
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我慌得不行,以为自己要完蛋了。
01:38
A camp counselor fortunately came over and separated us.
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一个夏令营指导员凑巧经过,拉开了我们。
01:41
From that point onward I was terrified of swimming.
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从那时起,我对游泳产生了恐惧。
01:45
That is something that I did not get over.
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我一直没能克服它。
01:48
My inability to swim has been
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身为旱鸭子一直是
01:50
one of my greatest humiliations and embarrassments.
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最令我不堪和尴尬的事情之一。
01:55
That is when I realized that I was not the Incredible Hulk.
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那让我意识到,我并不是绿巨人。
01:58
But there is a happy ending to this story.
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但这个故事有了一个好结局。
02:01
At age 31 -- that's my age now --
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31岁时,就是我现在的年龄
02:05
in August I took two weeks to re-examine swimming,
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去年八月,我用了两周时间重新审视游泳,
02:09
and question all the of the obvious aspects of swimming.
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并对关于游泳的所有 “显而易见” 的方面提出了质疑。
02:13
And went from swimming one lap --
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从只能像一头落水狗一样
02:15
so 20 yards -- like a drowning monkey,
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游一泳道,大概18米,
02:17
at about 200 beats per minute heart rate --
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每分钟心跳 200 下,
02:19
I measured it --
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我量过,
02:21
to going to Montauk on Long Island,
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到从长岛的蒙淘克
02:24
close to where I grew up,
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我长大的地方附近,
02:26
and jumping into the ocean and swimming one kilometer in open water,
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跃入海里,游上一公里公开水域,
02:29
getting out and feeling better than when I went in.
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出水时感觉比入水时还好。
02:31
And I came out,
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我出水时
02:33
in my Speedos, European style,
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穿着欧式的泳衣,
02:36
feeling like the Incredible Hulk.
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自我感觉像极了绿巨人。
02:38
And that's what I want everyone in here to feel like,
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我希望当这个演讲结束时,
02:40
the Incredible Hulk, at the end of this presentation.
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在场的各位都能感觉像绿巨人。
02:43
More specifically, I want you to feel like you're capable
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具体来说,我希望你能觉得
02:45
of becoming an excellent long-distance swimmer,
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你有能力成为一个优秀的长距离游泳健将,
02:49
a world-class language learner,
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一个世界级的语言学者,
02:51
and a tango champion.
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和一个探戈冠军。
02:54
And I would like to share my art.
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我还想分享我的艺术。
02:57
If I have an art, it's deconstructing things
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如果说我擅长一门艺术,那就是解构那些
02:59
that really scare the living hell out of me.
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能把我吓个半死的东西。
03:01
So, moving onward.
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好,言归正传。
03:03
Swimming, first principles.
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游泳,首要原则。
03:05
First principles, this is very important.
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首要原则非常重要。
03:07
I find that the best results in life
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我发现生命中本能获得的杰出成就
03:09
are often held back by false constructs and untested assumptions.
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往往被错误的概念和未经测试的假设所拖累。
03:14
And the turnaround in swimming came
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学游泳的转机,是当
03:16
when a friend of mine said, "I will go a year without any stimulants" --
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一个朋友对我说:“我能一年不服用任何兴奋剂…”
03:19
this is a six-double-espresso-per-day type of guy --
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这是一个每天六杯浓咖啡的家伙
03:22
"if you can complete a one kilometer open water race."
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“…只要你能完成一公里公开水域游泳赛。”
03:25
So the clock started ticking.
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倒计时开始了。
03:27
I started seeking out triathletes
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我开始寻访三项全能运动员们
03:29
because I found that lifelong swimmers often couldn't teach what they did.
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因为我发现经验丰富的游泳运动员们往往不懂教游泳。
03:33
I tried kickboards.
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我试过用踢水板
03:36
My feet would slice through the water like razors,
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我双脚像剃刀一般破开水面。
03:38
I wouldn't even move. I would leave demoralized, staring at my feet.
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但却丝毫不前进。我看着双脚,感觉很沮丧。
03:41
Hand paddles, everything.
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划手板什么的我统统试过。
03:43
Even did lessons with Olympians -- nothing helped.
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还上过奥运会冠军的课,都没有帮助。
03:46
And then Chris Sacca, who is now a dear friend mine,
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现在成了我的好友的克里斯·沙查,
03:48
had completed an Iron Man with 103 degree temperature,
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当时刚刚在54度的气温下完成了铁人三项,
03:51
said, "I have the answer to your prayers."
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说:“我知道你该怎么办。”
03:53
And he introduced me to
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他将泰瑞.罗克林的作品
03:55
the work of a man named Terry Laughlin
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介绍了给我。
03:57
who is the founder of Total Immersion Swimming.
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泰瑞是“完全沉浸游泳”的发明人。
03:59
That set me on the road to examining biomechanics.
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这使我踏上了探索生物力学的旅程。
04:02
So here are the new rules of swimming,
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下面是游泳的全新法则,
04:04
if any of you are afraid of swimming, or not good at it.
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送给你们中害怕游泳或者不善于游泳的人。
04:07
The first is, forget about kicking. Very counterintuitive.
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第一条是:忘掉踢腿。非常不合常理。
04:10
So it turns out that propulsion isn't really the problem.
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其实推进力并非问题的关键所在。
04:14
Kicking harder doesn't solve the problem
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用力踢腿并不能解决问题。
04:16
because the average swimmer only transfers about three percent
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因为一般游泳的人只将他们所用的能量
04:19
of their energy expenditure into forward motion.
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中的3%转化为前进的动力。
04:22
The problem is hydrodynamics.
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关键在于液体动力。
04:24
So what you want to focus on instead
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因此,你应当注意的是
04:26
is allowing your lower body to draft behind your upper body,
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让你的下身拖在你上身之后,
04:28
much like a small car behind a big car on the highway.
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就像高速公路上跟在大车后面的小车一样。
04:31
And you do that by maintaining a horizontal body position.
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你通过保持身体水平做到这一点。
04:34
The only way you can do that
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你能做到这一点的唯一方法
04:36
is to not swim on top of the water.
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就是不游在水面上。
04:38
The body is denser than water. 95 percent of it would be,
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人体比水密度大。身体至少95%部分
04:41
at least, submerged naturally.
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会自然地沉在水面下。
04:43
So you end up, number three,
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结果就是,第三点,
04:45
not swimming, in the case of freestyle,
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当游自由式时,你并不是想大多数人想象的
04:48
on your stomach, as many people think, reaching on top of the water.
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浮在水面上,面朝下地游
04:51
But actually rotating from streamlined right
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而是从右流线型到
04:54
to streamlined left,
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左流线型地交替
04:56
maintaining that fuselage position as long as possible.
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尽可能久地保持那个身体姿势。
04:59
So let's look at some examples. This is Terry.
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我们来看一些例子。这是泰瑞。
05:01
And you can see that he's extending his right arm
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你看他向头部以下
05:04
below his head and far in front.
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伸展出他的右臂。
05:06
And so his entire body really is underwater.
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因此他全身其实都在水下。
05:09
The arm is extended below the head.
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手臂向头部以下伸出。
05:12
The head is held in line with the spine,
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头部和脊柱保持直线,
05:14
so that you use strategic water pressure to raise your legs up --
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令你能够利用水压抬起你的双腿。
05:18
very important, especially for people with lower body fat.
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这点非常重要,尤其是对于身体脂肪含量少的人来说。
05:21
Here is an example of the stroke.
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这是一个击水的例子。
05:23
So you don't kick. But you do use a small flick.
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你并不踢水,而是轻微地拨水。
05:26
You can see this is the left extension.
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这是左前伸。
05:28
Then you see his left leg.
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你看他的左腿
05:30
Small flick, and the only purpose of that
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轻微地拨水,这样做的唯一目的
05:32
is to rotate his hips so he can get to the opposite side.
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是为了旋转他的臀部,好让他转向另一侧。
05:35
And the entry point for his right hand -- notice this,
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然后,注意他右手的切入点
05:37
he's not reaching in front and catching the water.
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他并不是伸手向前破水
05:39
Rather, he is entering the water
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而是将前臂以45度
05:42
at a 45-degree angle with his forearm,
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切入水中,
05:44
and then propelling himself by streamlining -- very important.
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带动身体流线型前进, 这点很重要。
05:50
Incorrect, above, which is what almost every swimming coach will teach you.
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上图不正确,不过几乎所有游泳教练都会这么教你。
05:53
Not their fault, honestly.
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老实说,这不能怪他们。
05:55
And I'll get to implicit versus explicit in a moment.
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我一会儿会谈内隐和外显的区别。
05:58
Below is what most swimmers
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下图是能让大多数泳者
06:00
will find enables them to do what I did,
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也能做我所做到的,
06:02
which is going from 21 strokes per 20-yard length
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那就是从每18米21次击水,
06:06
to 11 strokes
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进步到11次击水,
06:09
in two workouts with no coach, no video monitoring.
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只用两次练习,不用教练,不用录影。
06:12
And now I love swimming. I can't wait to go swimming.
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现在我爱极了游泳。我等不及再去游泳。
06:15
I'll be doing a swimming lesson later, for myself, if anyone wants to join me.
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我一会儿会亲自开一堂游泳课,如果有人想参加。
06:19
Last thing, breathing. A problem a lot of us have, certainly, when you're swimming.
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最后,呼吸,一个我们大多数人在游泳时会遇到的问题。
06:23
In freestyle, easiest way to remedy this is
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游自由式时,最简单的补救方法
06:25
to turn with body roll,
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就是随着身体转动
06:28
and just to look at your recovery hand as it enters the water.
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看着你入水的手
06:32
And that will get you very far.
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这能让你游上很远。
06:35
That's it. That's really all you need to know.
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到此为止。你要知道的真的只有这些。
06:38
Languages. Material versus method.
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语言。教材对方法。
06:40
I, like many people, came to the conclusion
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我和许多人一样认为
06:42
that I was terrible at languages.
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我没有学语言的天分。
06:44
I suffered through Spanish for junior high, first year of high school,
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我初中和高一时,西班牙语学得痛苦极了。
06:48
and the sum total of my knowledge
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我最后记得的就只有一句
06:50
was pretty much, "Donde esta el bano?"
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"Donde esta el bano"(厕所在哪里?)
06:52
And I wouldn't even catch the response. A sad state of affairs.
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而且我连回答都听不懂。凄凉得很。
06:57
Then I transferred to a different school sophomore year, and
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然后,我高二时转了校。
07:01
I had a choice of other languages. Most of my friends were taking Japanese.
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我可以选一门别的语言课。我的大多数朋友都选了日语。
07:03
So I thought why not punish myself? I'll do Japanese.
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我想:我为什么不也折腾我自己一下呢?于是我选了日语。
07:07
Six months later I had the chance to go to Japan.
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半年后,我有一个去日本的机会。
07:10
My teachers assured me, they said, "Don't worry.
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我的老师们鼓励我说:“别担心。
07:12
You'll have Japanese language classes every day to help you cope.
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你每天都会上日语课,帮你适应。
07:16
It will be an amazing experience." My first overseas experience in fact.
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这会是一次难忘的经历。” 事实上这也是我的第一次海外生活。
07:20
So my parents encouraged me to do it. I left.
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我的父母也鼓励我去。于是我上路了。
07:23
I arrived in Tokyo. Amazing.
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我来到了东京。难忘啊。
07:25
I couldn't believe I was on the other side of the world.
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我不敢相信我来到了世界的另一端。
07:27
I met my host family. Things went quite well I think,
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我和我的寄宿家庭会面了。我觉得
07:29
all things considered.
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总体来说,一切进展得很顺利
07:31
My first evening, before my first day of school,
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第一个晚上,我开学前的一天,
07:34
I said to my mother, very politely,
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我很有礼貌地对寄宿妈妈说:
07:36
"Please wake me up at eight a.m."
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“请在早上八点叫醒我。”
07:38
So, (Japanese)
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也就是(日语)
07:40
But I didn't say (Japanese). I said, (Japanese). Pretty close.
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但是我没有说(日语)。我说成了(日语)。很接近。
07:44
But I said, "Please rape me at eight a.m."
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但是我说的是:“请在早上八点强奸我。”
07:47
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
07:50
You've never seen a more confused Japanese woman.
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你找不到比她更一头雾水的日本女人了。
07:52
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
07:56
I walked in to school.
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我走进学校。
07:58
And a teacher came up to me and handed me a piece of paper.
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一位老师走过来,递给我一张纸。
08:01
I couldn't read any of it -- hieroglyphics, it could have been --
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我一个字也不认识 ── 那都是象形文字
08:04
because it was Kanji,
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那是汉字,
08:06
Chinese characters adapted into the Japanese language.
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日语中使用的中国文字。
08:08
Asked him what this said.
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我问他这上面说的是什么。
08:10
And he goes, "Ahh, okay okay,
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他说:“啊,没问题,
08:12
eehto, World History, ehh, Calculus,
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嗯…世界历史…嗯…微积分
08:16
Traditional Japanese." And so on.
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传统日语…” 依此类推。
08:20
And so it came to me in waves.
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一波波地向我涌来。
08:23
There had been something lost in translation.
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事实上翻译中出了错。
08:26
The Japanese classes were not Japanese instruction classes, per se.
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日语课不是教日语的课
08:29
They were the normal high school curriculum for Japanese students --
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而且为一般日本高中生开设的日常课程。
08:33
the other 4,999 students in the school, who were Japanese, besides the American.
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也就是学校里另外4999名日本学生,除了我这个美国人。
08:37
And that's pretty much my response.
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我的反应大概就像这样。
08:40
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
08:41
And that set me on this panic driven search for the perfect language method.
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这恐慌使我开始寻找完美的学语言方法。
08:46
I tried everything. I went to Kinokuniya.
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我试遍了所有方法。我跑到纪伊国屋书店、
08:48
I tried every possible book, every possible CD.
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试遍了每一本书,每一套CD。
08:51
Nothing worked until I found this.
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什么都没有用,直到我发现了这个。
08:53
This is the Joyo Kanji. This is a Tablet rather,
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这是《常用汉字表》。这张表上
08:57
or a poster of the 1,945 common-use characters
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有1945个最常用的汉字
09:01
as determined by the Ministry of Education in 1981.
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是由教育部在1981年修订的。
09:04
Many of the publications in Japan limit themselves to these characters,
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日本的许多出版社限定只使用这些字
09:08
to facilitate literacy -- some are required to.
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以方便人们认读。
09:10
And this became my Holy Grail, my Rosetta Stone.
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这成了我的圣杯,我的罗塞塔石碑
09:13
As soon as I focused on this material,
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当我专注学习这份材料后,
09:18
I took off.
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我进步飞速。
09:20
I ended up being able to read Asahi Shinbu, Asahi newspaper,
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6个月之后,也就是一共11个月之后,
09:23
about six months later -- so a total of 11 months later --
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我已经能够看懂《朝日新闻》了
09:26
and went from Japanese I to Japanese VI.
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从日语1级进步到日语4级。
09:28
Ended up doing translation work at age 16 when I returned to the U.S.,
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我回到美国后,从16岁就开始从事翻译工作,
09:31
and have continued to apply this material
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并不断地使用这种 “材料优于方法”的方式
09:36
over method approach to close to a dozen languages now.
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学习了近12种语言。
09:39
Someone who was terrible at languages,
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从一个学不好语言的人,
09:41
and at any given time, speak, read and write five or six.
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到同时说、读、写五六种语言。
09:46
This brings us to the point,
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这告诉我们:
09:48
which is, it's oftentimes what you do,
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往往你做什么,
09:51
not how you do it, that is the determining factor.
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而不是你怎么做,是关键所在。
09:54
This is the difference between being effective -- doing the right things --
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这是有效能(做正确的事情)和
09:57
and being efficient -- doing things well whether or not they're important.
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有效率(做好事情,不管它们是否重要)之间的区别。
10:00
You can also do this with grammar.
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你能够将这个原则应用在语法上。
10:02
I came up with these six sentences after much experimentation.
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我在实验之后得出这六个句子。
10:06
Having a native speaker allow you to deconstruct their grammar,
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让一个本地人将这些句子翻译成过去,现在,和将来式,
10:09
by translating these sentences into past, present, future,
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就能使你解析他们的语法
10:12
will show you subject, object, verb,
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找到主语、宾语、动词、
10:14
placement of indirect, direct objects, gender and so forth.
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间接和直接宾语的位置、语法性别,等等。
10:16
From that point, you can then, if you want to,
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从那里起,如果你愿意,你就能学习多种语言
10:19
acquire multiple languages, alternate them so there is no interference.
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灵活转换而不相互影响。
10:21
We can talk about that if anyone in interested.
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如果有人感兴趣,我们可以深入谈。
10:24
And now I love languages.
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现在,我爱极了语言。
10:26
So ballroom dancing, implicit versus explicit --
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然后,交谊舞,內隐对外显
10:29
very important.
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这很重要。
10:30
You might look at me and say, "That guy must be a ballroom dancer."
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你看到我,或许会说:“这家伙交谊舞肯定跳得不错。”
10:33
But no, you'd be wrong
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但你错了
10:35
because my body is very poorly designed for most things --
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因为我的身体构造很不适合做许多事情
10:38
pretty well designed for lifting heavy rocks perhaps.
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可能倒是很适合扛大石头。
10:41
I used to be much bigger, much more muscular.
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我之前很壮实,有很多肌肉。
10:44
And so I ended up walking like this.
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导致我走起路来像这样。
10:46
I looked a lot like an orangutan, our close cousins, or the Incredible Hulk.
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看上去很像我们的近亲大猩猩,或者说像绿巨人。
10:52
Not very good for ballroom dancing.
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实在是不适合跳交谊舞。
10:54
I found myself in Argentina in 2005,
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2005年,我去到阿根廷。
10:57
decided to watch a tango class -- had no intention of participating.
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决定去旁听一堂探戈舞课,根本没打算实际跳
11:00
Went in, paid my ten pesos,
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付了10比索入场费,
11:02
walked up -- 10 women two guys, usually a good ratio.
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进去一看,10位女士2位男士,本当是个不错的比例。
11:05
The instructor says, "You are participating."
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结果教练说:“你也来跳。”
11:08
Immediately: death sweat.
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马上,一身冷汗。
11:10
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
11:11
Fight-or-flight fear sweat, because I tried ballroom dancing in college --
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挺身而出还是逃之夭夭?我在大学时试过交谊舞
11:14
stepped on the girl's foot with my heel. She screamed.
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结果脚跟踩到了女孩脚上。她尖叫起来。
11:17
I was so concerned with her perception of what I was doing,
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我很在意她对我的看法,
11:20
that it exploded in my face,
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急得一脸通红,
11:22
never to return to the ballroom dancing club.
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之后再也不踏入交谊舞池。
11:25
She comes up, and this was her approach, the teacher.
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教练走上来。她的教学方式是这样的:
11:28
"Okay, come on, grab me."
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“好,来吧,抓住我。”
11:30
Gorgeous assistant instructor.
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迷人的助理教练。
11:32
She was very pissed off that I had pulled her from her advanced practice.
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她对我打断她的进阶练习很是不满。
11:35
So I did my best. I didn't know where to put my hands.
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于是我尽力而为,但我连手放哪儿都不知道。
11:38
And she pulled back, threw down her arms,
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她退开,两手一甩,
11:40
put them on her hips, turned around and yelled across the room,
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插到腰间,转过身对一房间的人喊道:
11:43
"This guy is built like a god-damned mountain of muscle,
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“这家伙一身的横肉,
11:47
and he's grabbing me like a fucking Frenchman,"
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还像个该死的法国人一样抓我,”
11:49
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
11:51
which I found encouraging.
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这激励了我。
11:53
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
11:55
Everyone burst into laughter. I was humiliated.
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全场大笑,我尴尬极了。
11:57
She came back. She goes, "Come on. I don't have all day."
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她走回来,说:“来吧,别浪费时间。”
12:00
As someone who wrestled since age eight, I proceeded to crush her,
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作为一个八岁起练摔跤的人,
12:03
"Of Mice and Men" style.
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我一不小心又把她压倒了。
12:05
And she looked up and said,
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她抬起头说:
12:07
"Now that's better."
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“这回好多了。”
12:10
So I bought a month's worth of classes.
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于是我买了一个月的课程。
12:12
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
12:13
And proceeded to look at --
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接下来就是
12:15
I wanted to set competition so I'd have a deadline --
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我打算参加竞赛,好让自己有一个截止日期。
12:17
Parkinson's Law,
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帕金森定理
12:19
the perceived complexity of a task will expand to fill the time you allot it.
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待办事项的复杂程度会因你为其安排的时间而变。
12:23
So I had a very short deadline for a competition.
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于是我报名参加了一个竞赛,把截止日期定得很短。
12:26
I got a female instructor first,
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我先请了一名女教练,
12:29
to teach me the female role, the follow,
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教我女方跟舞,
12:32
because I wanted to understand the sensitivities and abilities
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因为我想弄明白跟舞所需要培养的
12:34
that the follow needed to develop, so I wouldn't have a repeat of college.
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感觉和技能,这样之后我就不用重学一遍。
12:37
And then I took an inventory of the characteristics,
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然后,我和她一起,
12:40
along with her, of the
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收集整理了许多探戈冠军
12:44
of the capabilities and elements of different dancers who'd won championships.
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能力和特点。
12:47
I interviewed these people because they all taught in Buenos Aires.
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他们都在布宜诺斯艾利斯教课,于是我采访了他们。
12:51
I compared the two lists,
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我对比了两张单子,
12:53
and what you find is that there is explicitly,
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发现其中有外显的:
12:55
expertise they recommended, certain training methods.
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他们推荐的技能,一些练习的方法。
12:58
Then there were implicit commonalities
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然后还有内隐的共同点,
13:00
that none of them seemed to be practicing.
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但似乎没有人练习。
13:03
Now the protectionism of Argentine dance teachers aside,
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抛开阿根廷舞蹈教练的保护主义不谈,
13:06
I found this very interesting. So I decided to focus on three of those commonalities.
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我觉得这很有趣。于是我决定专注于其中三个共性。
13:10
Long steps. So a lot of milongueros --
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大步子。很多 milongueros 探戈舞者
13:12
the tango dancers will use very short steps.
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步子很小
13:16
I found that longer steps were much more elegant.
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我觉得长步好看多了。
13:20
So you can have --
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也就是这样
13:22
and you can do it in a very small space in fact.
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就是在很小的空间里也能用。
13:24
Secondly, different types of pivots.
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第二点,不同的轴转,
13:27
Thirdly, variation in tempo.
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第三点,节奏的变化。
13:30
These seemed to be the three areas that I could exploit to compete
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要是我打算和练习了二三十年的老手同场竞技,
13:33
if I wanted to comptete against people who'd been practicing for 20 to 30 years.
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这似乎是我能探索、完善的三个方面。
13:37
That photo is of the
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那张相片是四个月后,
13:40
semi-finals of the Buenos Aires championships, four months later.
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布宜诺斯艾利斯冠军赛半决赛。
13:43
Then one month later, went to the world championships,
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然后一个月后,参加了世界冠军赛,
13:46
made it to the semi-final. And then set a world record, following that,
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一路冲入了半决赛。随后在两星期后,
13:48
two weeks later.
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创下了一项世界纪录。
13:49
I want you to see part of what I practiced.
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我想让你看一下我是怎样练习的。
13:52
I'm going to jump forward here.
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我快进一下。
13:55
This is the instructor that Alicia and I chose for the male lead.
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这是我和艾莉西亚选的男方领舞教练。
14:00
His name is Gabriel Misse.
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他叫加布里·米赛。
14:02
One of the most elegant dancers of his generation,
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他那一代人中最杰出的舞者之一,
14:06
known for his long steps, and his tempo changes
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以他的长步、节奏变换、和轴转
14:08
and his pivots.
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而闻名。
14:13
Alicia, in her own right, very famous.
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艾莉西亚也颇有名气。
14:15
So I think you'll agree, they look quite good together.
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所以我想你们也会同意:他们看上去很融洽。
14:20
Now what I like about this video
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我尤其喜欢这段影片
14:23
is it's actually a video of the first time they ever danced together
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这实际上是他们第一次共舞。
14:25
because of his lead. He had a strong lead.
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因为他的领舞很强。
14:28
He didn't lead with his chest, which requires you lean forward.
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他并不用胸领舞,那样你要前倾。
14:30
I couldn't develop the attributes in my toes,
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我没办法锻炼我的脚趾,
14:32
the strength in my feet, to do that.
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以达到那样的强度。
14:35
So he uses a lead that focuses on
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因此他用另一种领舞,
14:38
his shoulder girdle and his arm.
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专注于肩带和手臂。
14:41
So he can lift the woman to break her, for example.
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因此他能抱起女方,比如说。
14:43
That's just one benefit of that.
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那仅仅是其中的一个优点。
14:45
So then we broke it down.
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然后,我们将其分解。
14:49
This would be an example of one pivot.
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这是一个单轴转的例子。
14:51
This is a back step pivot.
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这是一个后步轴转。
14:53
There are many different types.
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轴转有许多不同类型。
14:55
I have hundreds of hours of footage --
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我拍了上百小时的录像。
14:58
all categorized, much like George Carlin
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全部归类,就像乔治·卡林
15:00
categorized his comedy.
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归类他的喜剧一样。
15:06
So using my arch-nemesis,
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用我的宿敌 —— 西班牙语
15:08
Spanish, no less, to learn tango.
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学习探戈。
15:10
So fear is your friend. Fear is an indicator.
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恐惧是你的朋友。恐惧是一个指标。
15:12
Sometimes it shows you what you shouldn't do.
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有时候它告诉你不该做什么。
15:14
More often than not it shows you exactly what you should do.
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但更多时候,它恰恰告诉你该做什么
15:17
And the best results that I've had in life,
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我生命中获得的最好成就,
15:19
the most enjoyable times, have all been from asking a simple question:
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最美好的时光,都源于问一个简单的问题:
15:22
what's the worst that can happen?
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“最坏的可能是什么?”
15:24
Especially with fears you gained when you were a child.
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尤其是对于你从小时候就有的恐惧。
15:28
Take the analytical frameworks,
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用理性思维,将你的能力
15:31
the capabilities you have, apply them to old fears.
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运用在克服陈年的恐惧上。
15:33
Apply them to very big dreams.
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借助它们实现伟大的梦想。
15:36
And when I think of what I fear now, it's very simple.
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我思考现在我害怕什么,答案很简单。
15:39
When I imagine my life,
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当我想象我的人生
15:42
what my life would have been like
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如果我没有机会接受教育,
15:44
without the educational opportunities that I had,
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会是如何地不同。
15:48
it makes me wonder.
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这令我深思。
15:50
I've spent the last two years trying to deconstruct
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我在过去的两年中
15:52
the American public school system,
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尝试解构美国公共教育系统,
15:55
to either fix it or replace it.
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以将其修复或取代。
15:57
And have done experiments with about 50,000 students thus far --
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至今,我已经用五万名学生做了试验,
16:00
built, I'd say, about a half dozen schools,
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建立了六所学校,
16:02
my readers, at this point.
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我的读者们,现在。
16:04
And if any of you are interested in that,
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如果你们对此感兴趣,
16:06
I would love to speak with you.
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我希望能和你们交流。
16:08
I know nothing. I'm a beginner.
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我一无所知。我是个初学者。
16:10
But I ask a lot of questions, and I would love your advice.
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但我会问许多问题,也欢迎你们的建议。
16:13
Thank you very much.
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谢谢。
16:15
(Applause)
353
975160
2000
(鼓掌)
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