Smash fear, learn anything | Tim Ferriss

1,091,479 views ใƒป 2009-04-16

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Shay Bach ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:16
This is Tim Ferriss circa 1979 A.D. Age two.
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ื–ื” ื˜ื™ื ืคืจื™ืก ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื ืช 1979. ื‘ืŸ ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื.
00:22
You can tell by the power squat, I was a very confident boy --
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื”ื›ืจื™ืขื” ื”ืขื•ืฆืžืชื™ืช, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืœื“ ืžืื“ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืขืฆืžื•
00:25
and not without reason.
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ื•ืœื ื‘ืœื™ ืกื™ื‘ื”
00:27
I had a very charming routine at the time,
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืงื˜ืข ืžืงืกื™ื ื‘ื–ืžื ื•,
00:29
which was to wait until late in the evening
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ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ืขื“ ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื‘ืขืจื‘
00:31
when my parents were decompressing from a hard day's work,
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ื›ืฉื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื• ื ืจื’ืขื™ื ืžื™ื•ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืงืฉื”
00:34
doing their crossword puzzles, watching television.
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ืคื•ืชืจื™ื ืชืฉื‘ืฆื™ื, ืจื•ืื™ื ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”.
00:36
I would run into the living room, jump up on the couch,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจืฅ ืœืกืœื•ืŸ, ืงื•ืคืฅ ืขืœ ื”ืกืคื”,
00:39
rip the cushions off, throw them on the floor,
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ืชื•ืœืฉ ืืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื”ืžืงื•ื, ืžืขื™ืฃ ืื•ืชืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืจืฆืคื”
00:41
scream at the top of my lungs and run out
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ืฆื•ืจื— ืžืœื•ื ื”ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื•ืจืฅ ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”
00:43
because I was the Incredible Hulk.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื”ืขื ืง ื”ื™ืจื•ืง.
00:45
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:47
Obviously, you see the resemblance.
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ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ.
00:49
And this routine went on for some time.
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ื•ื”ืงื˜ืข ื”ื–ื” ื—ื–ืจ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืœืื•ืจืš ืชืงื•ืคื” ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช.
00:53
When I was seven I went to summer camp.
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืŸ ืฉื‘ืข ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืžื—ื ื” ืงื™ืฅ
00:56
My parents found it necessary for peace of mind.
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ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืจืื• ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื›ืจื— ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืฉืงื˜ ื•ืฉืœื•ื•ื”
00:58
And at noon each day
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื‘ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื
01:00
the campers would go to a pond,
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ื”ื—ื ื™ื›ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืื’ื,
01:02
where they had floating docks.
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ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื™ื• ืžื–ื—ื™ื ืฆืคื™ื.
01:04
You could jump off the end into the deep end.
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ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœืงืคื•ืฅ ืžื”ืงืฆื” ืœืžื™ื ื”ืขืžื•ืงื™ื.
01:06
I was born premature. I was always very small.
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ื ื•ืœื“ืชื™ ืžื•ืงื“ื. ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืื“ ืงื˜ืŸ
01:08
My left lung had collapsed when I was born.
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ื”ืจื™ืื” ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ืงืจืกื” ื›ืฉื ื•ืœื“ืชื™
01:10
And I've always had buoyancy problems.
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ื•ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื‘ืขื™ื™ื” ืœืฆื•ืฃ.
01:12
So water was something that scared me to begin with.
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ืื– ืžื™ื ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืคื—ื™ื“ ืื•ืชื™ ืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”,
01:14
But I would go in on occasion.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื ื›ื ืก ืžื“ื™ ืคืขื.
01:16
And on one particular day,
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ื•ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื™ืžื™ื,
01:18
the campers were jumping through inner tubes,
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ื”ื—ื ื™ื›ื™ื ืงืคืฆื• ื“ืจืš ืื‘ื•ื‘ื™ื.
01:21
They were diving through inner tubes. And I thought this would be great fun.
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ื”ื ืฆืœืœื• ื“ืจืš ืื‘ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ื›ื™ืฃ,
01:23
So I dove through the inner tube,
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ืื– ืฆืœืœืชื™ ื“ืจืš ื”ืื‘ื•ื‘,
01:25
and the bully of the camp grabbed my ankles.
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ื•ื”ื‘ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ื ื” ืชืคืก ืืช ื”ืงืจืกื•ืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™.
01:28
And I tried to come up for air,
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ืื ื™ ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืงื—ืช ืื•ื•ื™ืจ
01:32
and my lower back hit the bottom of the inner tube.
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ื•ื”ื’ื‘ ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ืคื’ืข ื‘ืื‘ื•ื‘.
01:34
And I went wild eyed and thought I was going to die.
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ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื”ืชืคืจืข ื•ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืžื•ืช.
01:38
A camp counselor fortunately came over and separated us.
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ืœืžื–ืœื™ ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื•.
01:41
From that point onward I was terrified of swimming.
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ืžืื– ื•ื”ืœืื” ืฉื—ื™ื™ื” ื”ืคื—ื™ื“ื” ืื•ืชื™ ืžืื“.
01:45
That is something that I did not get over.
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ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืœื ื”ืชื’ื‘ืจืชื™ ืขืœื™ื•,
01:48
My inability to swim has been
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ืื™ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœื™ ืœืฉื—ื•ืช
01:50
one of my greatest humiliations and embarrassments.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืžื‘ื™ื›ื™ื ื•ืžืฉืคื™ืœื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจื™.
01:55
That is when I realized that I was not the Incredible Hulk.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื’ืข ื‘ื• ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ื”ืขื ืง ื”ื™ืจื•ืง.
01:58
But there is a happy ending to this story.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืกื•ืฃ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
02:01
At age 31 -- that's my age now --
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ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 31, ื–ื” ื”ื’ื™ืœ ืฉืœื™ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•,
02:05
in August I took two weeks to re-examine swimming,
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ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืฉื—ื™ื™ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ,
02:09
and question all the of the obvious aspects of swimming.
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ื•ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื ืžืืœื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื”.
02:13
And went from swimming one lap --
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ื•ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืžืœืฉื—ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ื›ื” ืื—ืช,
02:15
so 20 yards -- like a drowning monkey,
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ื‘ืขืจืš 20 ืžื˜ืจ, ื›ืžื• ืงื•ืฃ ื˜ื•ื‘ืข,
02:17
at about 200 beats per minute heart rate --
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ื‘ื“ื•ืคืง ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืจืš 200,
02:19
I measured it --
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ืžื“ื“ืชื™ ืืช ื–ื”,
02:21
to going to Montauk on Long Island,
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ืœืœื›ืช ืœืžื•ื ื˜ื•ืง ื‘ืœื•ื ื’ ืื™ื™ืœื ื“,
02:24
close to where I grew up,
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ืœื™ื“ ืื™ืคื” ืฉื’ื“ืœืชื™,
02:26
and jumping into the ocean and swimming one kilometer in open water,
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ื•ืœืงืคื•ืฅ ืœื™ื ื•ืœืฉื—ื•ืช ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจ ื‘ื™ื ื”ืคืชื•ื—,
02:29
getting out and feeling better than when I went in.
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ืœืฆืืช ื•ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื›ื ืกืชื™.
02:31
And I came out,
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ื•ื™ืฆืืชื™,
02:33
in my Speedos, European style,
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ื‘ืกืคื™ื“ื•, ื‘ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืื™ืจื•ืคืื™
02:36
feeling like the Incredible Hulk.
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ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื• ื”ืขื ืง ื”ื™ืจื•ืง.
02:38
And that's what I want everyone in here to feel like,
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื›ืืŸ ื™ืจื’ื™ืฉ,
02:40
the Incredible Hulk, at the end of this presentation.
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ื”ืขื ืง ื”ื™ืจื•ืง, ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื”ืจืฆืื” ื”ื–ื•.
02:43
More specifically, I want you to feel like you're capable
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ืœื™ืชืจ ื“ื™ื•ืง, ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชืจื’ื™ืฉื• ื›ืื™ืœื• ืืชื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื
02:45
of becoming an excellent long-distance swimmer,
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ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœืžืจื—ืงื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื,
02:49
a world-class language learner,
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ืœื•ืžื“ื™ ืฉืคื•ืช ื‘ืจืžื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช,
02:51
and a tango champion.
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ื•ืืœื•ืคื™ ื˜ื ื’ื•.
02:54
And I would like to share my art.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืฉืชืฃ ืืชื›ื ื‘ืืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœื™.
02:57
If I have an art, it's deconstructing things
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ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืืžื ื•ืช ื–ื” ืœืคืจืง ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
02:59
that really scare the living hell out of me.
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ืฉืžืžืฉ ืžืคื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื˜ื™ืจื•ืฃ.
03:01
So, moving onward.
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ืื–, ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืœืื”.
03:03
Swimming, first principles.
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ืฉื—ื™ื™ื”, ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื,
03:05
First principles, this is very important.
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ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื™ื, ื–ื” ืžืื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘.
03:07
I find that the best results in life
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ืื ื™ ืžื•ืฆื ืฉื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื
03:09
are often held back by false constructs and untested assumptions.
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ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื ื‘ืœืžื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืขืจื•ืช ืœื ื‘ื“ื•ืงื•ืช.
03:14
And the turnaround in swimming came
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ื•ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžืคื ื” ื‘ืฉื—ื™ื™ื”
03:16
when a friend of mine said, "I will go a year without any stimulants" --
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ื‘ืื” ื›ืฉื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื™ ืืžืจ "ืื ื™ ืืขื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื ื” ืœืœื ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ื" --
03:19
this is a six-double-espresso-per-day type of guy --
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ื•ื–ื” ืื“ื ืžืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืฉืฉื”-ืืกืคืกืจืกื•-ื›ืคื•ืœ-ืœื™ื•ื --
03:22
"if you can complete a one kilometer open water race."
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"ืื ืชืฉืœื™ื ืžื™ืจื•ืฅ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจ ื‘ื™ื ื”ืคืชื•ื—".
03:25
So the clock started ticking.
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ืื– ื”ืฉืขื•ืŸ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืชืงืชืง.
03:27
I started seeking out triathletes
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ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื—ืคืฉ ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ ื˜ืจื™ืืชืœื•ืŸ
03:29
because I found that lifelong swimmers often couldn't teach what they did.
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ื›ื™ ื’ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืฉืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื™ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื
03:33
I tried kickboards.
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ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ื’ืœืฉื ื™ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื”.
03:36
My feet would slice through the water like razors,
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ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื• ื—ื•ืชื›ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื™ื ื›ืžื• ืกื›ื™ื ื™ื.
03:38
I wouldn't even move. I would leave demoralized, staring at my feet.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื–ื–ืชื™. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื•ื–ื‘ ืžื™ื•ืืฉ, ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™.
03:41
Hand paddles, everything.
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ืžืฉื•ื˜ื™ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื, ื”ื›ืœ.
03:43
Even did lessons with Olympians -- nothing helped.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืขื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืื•ืœืžืคื™ื™ื, ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ืขื–ืจ.
03:46
And then Chris Sacca, who is now a dear friend mine,
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ื•ืื– ื›ืจื™ืก ืกืืงื”, ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื•ื ื—ื‘ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืœื™,
03:48
had completed an Iron Man with 103 degree temperature,
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ืกื™ื™ื ืืช "ืื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ืจื–ืœ" ืขื ื—ื•ื ืฉืœ 39.5,
03:51
said, "I have the answer to your prayers."
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ืืžืจ "ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืืช ื”ืžืขื ื” ืœืชืคื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš".
03:53
And he introduced me to
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™
03:55
the work of a man named Terry Laughlin
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ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื‘ืฉื ื˜ืจื™ ืœืืคืœื™ืŸ
03:57
who is the founder of Total Immersion Swimming.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื™ื™ืกื“ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืฉื—ื™ื™ื” Total Immersion ("ื”ืฉืจื™ื™ื” ืžืœืื”").
03:59
That set me on the road to examining biomechanics.
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ื–ื” ื”ืคื ื” ืื•ืชื™ ืœื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืžื›ื ื™ืงื”.
04:02
So here are the new rules of swimming,
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ืื– ื”ื ื” ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืฉื—ื™ื™ื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื,
04:04
if any of you are afraid of swimming, or not good at it.
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ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžื›ื ืžืคื—ื“ ืœืฉื—ื•ืช, ืื• ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื–ื”.
04:07
The first is, forget about kicking. Very counterintuitive.
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ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ, ืชืฉื›ื—ื• ืžื‘ืขื™ื˜ื•ืช. ืžืื“ ืœื ืื™ื ื˜ื•ืื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™.
04:10
So it turns out that propulsion isn't really the problem.
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ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื“ื—ืฃ ืื™ื ื• ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช.
04:14
Kicking harder doesn't solve the problem
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ืœื‘ืขื•ื˜ ื—ื–ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื ืคื•ืชืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื”
04:16
because the average swimmer only transfers about three percent
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ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื—ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืจืง ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื
04:19
of their energy expenditure into forward motion.
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ืžื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืœืชื ื•ืขื” ืงื“ื™ืžื”
04:22
The problem is hydrodynamics.
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ื”ื‘ืขื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื“ืจื•ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืงื”.
04:24
So what you want to focus on instead
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ืœื›ืŸ ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื”ืชืžืงื“
04:26
is allowing your lower body to draft behind your upper body,
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ื‘ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœืคืœื’ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ืกื—ืฃ ืื—ืจื™ ืคืœื’ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ,
04:28
much like a small car behind a big car on the highway.
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ื‘ืขืจืš ื›ืžื• ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืงื˜ื ื” ืื—ืจื™ ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืžื”ื™ืจ.
04:31
And you do that by maintaining a horizontal body position.
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ื•ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช ืข"ื™ ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื” ืื•ืคืงื™ืช.
04:34
The only way you can do that
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ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช
04:36
is to not swim on top of the water.
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ื”ื™ื ืœื ืœืฉื—ื•ืช ืžืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื.
04:38
The body is denser than water. 95 percent of it would be,
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ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฆืคื•ืฃ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืžื™ื. 95 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžืžื ื• ื™ื”ื™ื•,
04:41
at least, submerged naturally.
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ืœื›ืœ ื”ืคื—ื•ืช, ืฉืงื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™.
04:43
So you end up, number three,
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ื›ืš ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื—ื•ืง ืฉืœื™ืฉื™,
04:45
not swimming, in the case of freestyle,
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ืœื ืฉื•ื—ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื‘ืฉื—ื™ื™ื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช,
04:48
on your stomach, as many people think, reaching on top of the water.
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ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื˜ืŸ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืืœ ืžืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื.
04:51
But actually rotating from streamlined right
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ืืœื ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื—ืชื™ืจื” ื™ืžื ื™ืช,
04:54
to streamlined left,
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ืœื—ืชื™ืจื” ืฉืžืืœื™ืช,
04:56
maintaining that fuselage position as long as possible.
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ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ.
04:59
So let's look at some examples. This is Terry.
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ืื– ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื‘ื—ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช: ื–ื”ื• ื˜ืจื™
05:01
And you can see that he's extending his right arm
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ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืืจื™ืš ืืช ื™ื“ื• ื”ื™ืžื ื™ืช
05:04
below his head and far in front.
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ืžืชื—ืช ืœืจืืฉื• ื•ืจื—ื•ืง ืœืคื ื™ื.
05:06
And so his entire body really is underwater.
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ื•ื›ืš ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืคื• ื ืžืฆื ืžืชื—ืช ืœืžื™ื.
05:09
The arm is extended below the head.
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ื”ื™ื“ ื ืžืชื—ืช ืžืชื—ืช ืœืจืืฉ.
05:12
The head is held in line with the spine,
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ื”ืจืืฉ ืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ืงื• ื™ืฉืจ ืขื ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื“ืจื”.
05:14
so that you use strategic water pressure to raise your legs up --
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ื›ืš ืฉืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืœื—ืฅ ืžื™ื ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื,
05:18
very important, especially for people with lower body fat.
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ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืคืœื’ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ.
05:21
Here is an example of the stroke.
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ื”ื ื” ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืชื™ืจื”.
05:23
So you don't kick. But you do use a small flick.
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ื›ืš ืฉืื™ื ื›ื ื‘ื•ืขื˜ื™ื ืืœื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื˜ืคื™ื—ื” ืงื˜ื ื”.
05:26
You can see this is the left extension.
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ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ื”ืืจื›ื” ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ืช.
05:28
Then you see his left leg.
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ื•ืื– ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ืจื’ืœื• ื”ื™ืžื ื™ืช.
05:30
Small flick, and the only purpose of that
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ื˜ืคื™ื—ื” ืงื˜ื ื”, ื•ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœื”
05:32
is to rotate his hips so he can get to the opposite side.
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ื”ื™ื ืœืกื•ื‘ื‘ ืืช ืžื•ืชื ื™ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข ืœืฆื“ ื”ื”ื•ืคื›ื™.
05:35
And the entry point for his right hand -- notice this,
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ื•ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืฉืœ ื™ื“ื• ื”ื™ืžื ื™ืช - ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืœื–ื”,
05:37
he's not reaching in front and catching the water.
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ื”ื•ื ืœื ืฉื•ืขื˜ ืงื“ื™ืžื” ื•ืื•ื—ื– ื‘ืžื™ื
05:39
Rather, he is entering the water
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ืืช ื”ื•ื ื ื›ื ืก ืœืžื™ื
05:42
at a 45-degree angle with his forearm,
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ื‘ื–ื•ื™ืช ืฉืœ 45 ืžืขืœื•ืช ืขื ื”ื–ืจื•ืขื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”
05:44
and then propelling himself by streamlining -- very important.
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ื•ืื– ืžื ื™ืข ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืข"ื™ ื–ืจื™ืžื” -- ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“
05:50
Incorrect, above, which is what almost every swimming coach will teach you.
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ื”ื˜ืขื•ืช ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ, ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื” ืฉื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืœ ืžืืžื ื™ ื”ืฉื—ื™ื™ื” ืžืœืžื“ื™ื.
05:53
Not their fault, honestly.
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ืœื ื‘ืืฉืžืชื, ื‘ื›ื ื•ืช.
05:55
And I'll get to implicit versus explicit in a moment.
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ืื ื™ ืื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ืžืจื•ืžื– ืžื•ืœ ื”ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืจื’ืข.
05:58
Below is what most swimmers
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ืžืชื—ืช ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื
06:00
will find enables them to do what I did,
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ื™ื’ืœื• ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืขืฉื™ืชื™,
06:02
which is going from 21 strokes per 20-yard length
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ืฉื–ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืž21 ื—ืชื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืงื˜ืข ืฉืื•ืจื›ื• 18 ืžื˜ืจื™ื,
06:06
to 11 strokes
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ืœ11 ื—ืชื™ืจื•ืช,
06:09
in two workouts with no coach, no video monitoring.
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ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื, ืœืœื ืžืืžืŸ ื•ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืฉื’ื—ื”.
06:12
And now I love swimming. I can't wait to go swimming.
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœืฉื—ื•ืช. ืื ื™ ืžืฉืชื•ืงืง ืœืœื›ืช ืœืฉื—ื•ืช,
06:15
I'll be doing a swimming lesson later, for myself, if anyone wants to join me.
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ืื ื™ ืืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื”, ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืขืฆืžื™, ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ื™.
06:19
Last thing, breathing. A problem a lot of us have, certainly, when you're swimming.
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ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื ืฉื™ืžื”. ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœืจื‘ื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื™ืฉ, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ื—ื™ื.
06:23
In freestyle, easiest way to remedy this is
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ื‘ืฉื—ื™ื™ื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช, ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ื•ื
06:25
to turn with body roll,
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ืœื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืคื•ืš ื”ื’ื•ืฃ,
06:28
and just to look at your recovery hand as it enters the water.
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ื•ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ืขืœ ื”ื™ื“ ื”ืžืชืื•ืฉืฉืช ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื›ื ืกืช ืœืžื™ื.
06:32
And that will get you very far.
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ื•ื–ื” ื™ืงื— ืืชื›ื ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืื•ื“.
06:35
That's it. That's really all you need to know.
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ื–ื” ื”ื›ื•ืœ. ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืขืœื™ื›ื ืœื“ืขืช.
06:38
Languages. Material versus method.
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ืฉืคื•ืช. ื—ื•ืžืจ ืœืขื•ืžืช ืฉื™ื˜ื”.
06:40
I, like many people, came to the conclusion
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ืื ื™, ื›ืžื• ืจื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœืžืกืงื ื”
06:42
that I was terrible at languages.
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ืฉืื ื™ ื ื•ืจื ื•ืื™ื•ื ื‘ืฉืคื•ืช.
06:44
I suffered through Spanish for junior high, first year of high school,
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ืกื‘ืœืชื™ ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช ื‘ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ.
06:48
and the sum total of my knowledge
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ื•ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœื™ ื”ืกืชื›ื,
06:50
was pretty much, "Donde esta el bano?"
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ืคื—ื•ืช ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ืœื•ืžืจ "ืื™ืคื” ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ?"
06:52
And I wouldn't even catch the response. A sad state of affairs.
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืžืฆื‘ ืขื’ื•ื ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜.
06:57
Then I transferred to a different school sophomore year, and
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ื•ืื– ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืœื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืื—ืจ, ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืฉื ื™ื”.
07:01
I had a choice of other languages. Most of my friends were taking Japanese.
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ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื• ืฉืคื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ื›ืœืชื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ. ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืœืžื“ื• ื™ืคื ื™ืช.
07:03
So I thought why not punish myself? I'll do Japanese.
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ืื– ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™, ืœืžื” ืœื ืœื”ืขื ื™ืฉ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ? ืืœืžื“ ื™ืคื ื™ืช.
07:07
Six months later I had the chance to go to Japan.
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ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื ืกื•ืข ืœื™ืคืŸ.
07:10
My teachers assured me, they said, "Don't worry.
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ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื”ืจื’ื™ืขื• ืื•ืชื™, ื”ื ืืžืจื•, "ืืœ ืชื“ืื’.
07:12
You'll have Japanese language classes every day to help you cope.
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ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœืš ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืฉืคื” ื‘ื™ืคื ื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืš ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“.
07:16
It will be an amazing experience." My first overseas experience in fact.
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ื–ื• ืชื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”." ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื™ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื™ื (ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ) ืœืžืขืฉื”.
07:20
So my parents encouraged me to do it. I left.
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ืื– ื”ื•ืจื™ื™ ืขื•ื“ื“ื• ืื•ืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช, ื ืกืขืชื™.
07:23
I arrived in Tokyo. Amazing.
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ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœื˜ื•ืงื™ื•, ืžื“ื”ื™ื.
07:25
I couldn't believe I was on the other side of the world.
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ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ืฆื™ื“ื• ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
07:27
I met my host family. Things went quite well I think,
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ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ืžืืจื—ืช ืฉืœื™. ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœื›ื• ื“ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘,
07:29
all things considered.
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ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช.
07:31
My first evening, before my first day of school,
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ื‘ืขืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ,
07:34
I said to my mother, very politely,
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ืืžืจืชื™ ืœืื™ืžื™, ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžื ื•ืžืกืช,
07:36
"Please wake me up at eight a.m."
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"ืชืขื™ืจื™ ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ื‘ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ"
07:38
So, (Japanese)
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ืื–, (ื™ืคื ื™ืช)
07:40
But I didn't say (Japanese). I said, (Japanese). Pretty close.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืืžืจืชื™ (ื™ืคื ื™ืช). ืืžืจืชื™ (ื™ืคื ื™ืช). ื“ื™ ืงืจื•ื‘.
07:44
But I said, "Please rape me at eight a.m."
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ืœืžืขืฉื” ืืžืจืชื™ "ืชืื ืกื™ ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ื‘ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ"
07:47
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:50
You've never seen a more confused Japanese woman.
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ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืจืื™ืชื ืื™ืฉื” ื™ืคื ื™ืช ืžื‘ื•ืœื‘ืœืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš.
07:52
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:56
I walked in to school.
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ืฆืขื“ืชื™ ืœืชื•ืš ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ.
07:58
And a teacher came up to me and handed me a piece of paper.
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ื•ื”ืžื•ืจื” ื ื™ื’ืฉ ืืœื™ื™ ื•ื ืชืŸ ืœื™ ื—ืชื™ื›ืช ื ื™ื™ืจ.
08:01
I couldn't read any of it -- hieroglyphics, it could have been --
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ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืงืจื•ื ืžืžื ื• ื›ืœื•ื - ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื—ืจื˜ื•ืžื™ื
08:04
because it was Kanji,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืงื ื’'ื™,
08:06
Chinese characters adapted into the Japanese language.
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ืชื•ื•ื™ื ืกื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืฉื•ืœื‘ื• ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ื™ืคื ื™ืช.
08:08
Asked him what this said.
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ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ืžื” ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ
08:10
And he goes, "Ahh, okay okay,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ "ืื”ื”, ืื•ืงื™ื™ ืื•ืงื™ื™,
08:12
eehto, World History, ehh, Calculus,
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ืื”ื”ื”.... ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช.... ืื”ื”ื” .... ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ,
08:16
Traditional Japanese." And so on.
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ื™ืคื ื™ืช ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช" ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœืื”.
08:20
And so it came to me in waves.
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ื•ื›ืš ื–ื” ื‘ื ืืœื™ื™ ื‘ื’ืœื™ื.
08:23
There had been something lost in translation.
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ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืื‘ื“ ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื.
08:26
The Japanese classes were not Japanese instruction classes, per se.
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ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ืคื ื™ื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื™ืคื ื™ืช, ืœื›ืฉืขืฆืžื.
08:29
They were the normal high school curriculum for Japanese students --
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ ืฉืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื™ืคื ื™ื™ื.
08:33
the other 4,999 students in the school, who were Japanese, besides the American.
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ืฉืืจ 4,999 ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ, ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื• ื™ืคื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™.
08:37
And that's pretty much my response.
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขืจืš ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœื™.
08:40
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:41
And that set me on this panic driven search for the perfect language method.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืืฆืœื™ ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืื—ื•ื– ืื™ืžื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื”ืžื•ืฉืœืžืช ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ืฉืคื”.
08:46
I tried everything. I went to Kinokuniya.
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ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ื”ื›ืœ. ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืงื™ื ื•ืงื•ื ื™ื” (ื—ื ื•ืช ืกืคืจื™ื ื™ืคื ื™ืช),
08:48
I tried every possible book, every possible CD.
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ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ื›ืœ ืกืคืจ ืืคืฉืจื™ ื•ื›ืœ ื“ื™ืกืง ืืคืฉืจื™.
08:51
Nothing worked until I found this.
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ื›ืœื•ื ืœื ืขื–ืจ ืขื“ ืฉืžืฆืืชื™ ืืช ื–ื”
08:53
This is the Joyo Kanji. This is a Tablet rather,
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ื–ื”ื• ื”ื’'ื•ื™ื• ืงืื ื”ื™ื’'ื•ื™ื•, ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื˜ื‘ืœื”,
08:57
or a poster of the 1,945 common-use characters
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ืื• ืคื•ืกื˜ืจ ืฉืœ 1,945 ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื™ื
09:01
as determined by the Ministry of Education in 1981.
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉืงื‘ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื‘1981.
09:04
Many of the publications in Japan limit themselves to these characters,
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ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืคืจืกื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ืคืŸ ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื ืœืชื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.
09:08
to facilitate literacy -- some are required to.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืงืœ ืขืœ ื”ืงืจื™ืื” - ื—ืœืง ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
09:10
And this became my Holy Grail, my Rosetta Stone.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืคืš ืœื’ื‘ื™ืข ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืฉืœื™, ืื‘ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื–ื˜ื” ืฉืœื™.
09:13
As soon as I focused on this material,
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ืžืจื’ืข ืฉื”ืชืžืงื“ืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ื–ื”,
09:18
I took off.
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ื”ืžืจืืชื™.
09:20
I ended up being able to read Asahi Shinbu, Asahi newspaper,
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ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืงืจื•ื ืืช ื”"ืืกืื”ื™ ืฉื™ื ื‘ื•",ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื™ืคื ื™,
09:23
about six months later -- so a total of 11 months later --
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ื‘ืขืจืš ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ 11 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
09:26
and went from Japanese I to Japanese VI.
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ื•ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืžื™ืคื ื™ืช ืจืžื” 1 ืœื™ืคื ื™ืช ืจืžื” 6.
09:28
Ended up doing translation work at age 16 when I returned to the U.S.,
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ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื‘ื™ืฆืขืชื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืชืจื’ื•ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 16 ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช,
09:31
and have continued to apply this material
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ื•ื”ืžืฉื›ืชื™ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืจ
09:36
over method approach to close to a dozen languages now.
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ืžื•ืœ ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœ12 ืฉืคื•ืช.
09:39
Someone who was terrible at languages,
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ื•ืจืื™ ื‘ืฉืคื•ืช
09:41
and at any given time, speak, read and write five or six.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ื ืชื•ืŸ ืžื“ื‘ืจ, ืงื•ืจื ื•ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื‘ื—ืžืฉ ืื• ืฉืฉ ืฉืคื•ืช.
09:46
This brings us to the point,
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ื–ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ืืœ ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื”,
09:48
which is, it's oftentimes what you do,
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ืฉื”ื™ื, ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืขื•ืฉื”,
09:51
not how you do it, that is the determining factor.
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ืœื ืื™ืš ืืชื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื–ื”, ื–ื”ื• ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžื›ืจื™ืข.
09:54
This is the difference between being effective -- doing the right things --
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ื–ื” ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช - ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื,
09:57
and being efficient -- doing things well whether or not they're important.
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ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช - ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืื• ืœื.
10:00
You can also do this with grammar.
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ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื’ื ืขื ื“ืงื“ื•ืง.
10:02
I came up with these six sentences after much experimentation.
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ืคื™ืชื—ืชื™ ืืช ืฉืฉืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื.
10:06
Having a native speaker allow you to deconstruct their grammar,
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ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืžืื“ื ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉืคื” ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื“ืงื“ื•ืง ืฉืœื”ื
10:09
by translating these sentences into past, present, future,
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ืข"ื™ ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืœืขื‘ืจ, ื”ื•ื•ื” ื•ืขืชื™ื“,
10:12
will show you subject, object, verb,
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ื™ืจืื” ืœื›ื ื ื•ืฉื, ื ืฉื•ื, ืคื•ืขืœ
10:14
placement of indirect, direct objects, gender and so forth.
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ืžื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื™ื ื™ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื•ืขืงื™ืคื™ื, ืžื™ื ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœืื”.
10:16
From that point, you can then, if you want to,
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ืžืจื’ืข ื–ื”, ืชื”ื™ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื, ืื ืชืจืฆื•,
10:19
acquire multiple languages, alternate them so there is no interference.
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ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืคื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ื‘ื™ื ื”ืŸ ืœืœื ื”ืคืจืขื”.
10:21
We can talk about that if anyone in interested.
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ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ.
10:24
And now I love languages.
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืฉืคื•ืช.
10:26
So ballroom dancing, implicit versus explicit --
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ืื– ืจื™ืงื•ื“ื™ื ืกืœื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืžืจื•ืžื– ืžื•ืœ ืžืคื•ืจืฉ
10:29
very important.
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ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“.
10:30
You might look at me and say, "That guy must be a ballroom dancer."
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ืืชื ืขืฉื•ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ืขืœื™ื™ ื•ืœื•ืžืจ "ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจืงื“ืŸ ืกืœื•ื ื™."
10:33
But no, you'd be wrong
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื, ืืชื ืชื˜ืขื•.
10:35
because my body is very poorly designed for most things --
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ืžื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื™ ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื ื•ื™ ืœืจื•ื‘ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
10:38
pretty well designed for lifting heavy rocks perhaps.
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ื”ื•ื ื‘ื ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ืจืžืช ืกืœืขื™ื ื›ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœืžืฉืœ.
10:41
I used to be much bigger, much more muscular.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืจื™ืจื™.
10:44
And so I ended up walking like this.
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ืขื“ ืฉืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ื›ื›ื”.
10:46
I looked a lot like an orangutan, our close cousins, or the Incredible Hulk.
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ื ืจืืชื™ ืžืžืฉ ื›ืžื• ื”ืื•ืจืื ื’ ืื•ื˜ื ืื’, ื‘ื ื™ ื“ื•ื“ื™ื ื•, ืื• ื›ืžื• ื”ืขื ืง ื”ื™ืจื•ืง
10:52
Not very good for ballroom dancing.
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ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืจื™ืงื•ื“ื™ื ืกืœื•ื ื™ื™ื.
10:54
I found myself in Argentina in 2005,
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ืžืฆืืชื™ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ื‘ืืจื’ื ื˜ื™ื ื” ื‘2005.
10:57
decided to watch a tango class -- had no intention of participating.
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ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื˜ื ื’ื• - ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ -
11:00
Went in, paid my ten pesos,
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ื ื›ื ืกืชื™, ืฉื™ืœืžืชื™ ืขืฉืจ ืคืกื•,
11:02
walked up -- 10 women two guys, usually a good ratio.
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ื”ืชืงื“ืžืชื™ - 10 ื ืฉื™ื ืฉืชื™ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื, ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื™ื—ืก ื˜ื•ื‘.
11:05
The instructor says, "You are participating."
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ื”ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื” ืื•ืžืจืช "ืืชื” ืžืฉืชืชืฃ."
11:08
Immediately: death sweat.
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ืžื™ื“, ื–ื™ืขืช ืžื•ื•ืช.
11:10
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
11:11
Fight-or-flight fear sweat, because I tried ballroom dancing in college --
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ื–ื™ืขื” ืฉืœ "ื”ื™ืœื—ื ืื• ื‘ืจื—" ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืจื™ืงื•ื“ื™ื ืกืœื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืœื’' -
11:14
stepped on the girl's foot with my heel. She screamed.
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ื“ืจื›ืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ืจื’ืœ ืฉืœ ื ืขืจื” ืขื ื”ืขืงื‘ ืฉืœื™. ื”ื™ื ืฆืจื—ื”.
11:17
I was so concerned with her perception of what I was doing,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ืื’ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืชืคื™ืฉื” ืฉืœื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™,
11:20
that it exploded in my face,
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ืฉื–ื” ื”ืชืคื•ืฆืฅ ืœื™ ืขืœ ื”ืคื ื™ื.
11:22
never to return to the ballroom dancing club.
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ืžืื– ืœื ื—ื–ืจืชื™ ืœืžื•ืขื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื™ืงื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืกืœื•ื ื™ื™ื.
11:25
She comes up, and this was her approach, the teacher.
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ื”ื™ื ื‘ืื”, ื•ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœื”, ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื”.
11:28
"Okay, come on, grab me."
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"ืื•ืงื™ื™, ืงื“ื™ืžื”, ืชืชืคื•ืก ืื•ืชื™".
11:30
Gorgeous assistant instructor.
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ืขื•ื–ืจืช ื”ื•ืจืื” ืžื”ืžืžืช.
11:32
She was very pissed off that I had pulled her from her advanced practice.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ืชืจื’ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืžืฉื›ืชื™ ืื•ืชื” ืžื”ืชืจื’ื•ืœ ื”ืžืชืงื“ื.
11:35
So I did my best. I didn't know where to put my hands.
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ืื– ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื›ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™, ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืื™ืคื” ืœืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™.
11:38
And she pulled back, threw down her arms,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืชืจื—ืงื”, ื–ืจืงื” ืืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื,
11:40
put them on her hips, turned around and yelled across the room,
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ืฉืžื” ืื•ืชื ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืชื ื™ื™ื, ื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื” ื•ืฆืขืงื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ื›ื™ืชื”
11:43
"This guy is built like a god-damned mountain of muscle,
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"ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื ื•ื™ ื›ืžื• ื”ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉืจื™ืจื™ื,
11:47
and he's grabbing me like a fucking Frenchman,"
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืชื•ืคืก ืื•ืชื™ ื›ืžื• ืฆืจืคืชื™ ืžื–**ื™ืŸ"
11:49
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
11:51
which I found encouraging.
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ืžื” ืฉืžืฆืืชื™ ืžืขื•ื“ื“.
11:53
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
11:55
Everyone burst into laughter. I was humiliated.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื”ืชืคืจืฆื• ื‘ืฆื—ื•ืง. ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื•ืฉืคืœ.
11:57
She came back. She goes, "Come on. I don't have all day."
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ื”ื™ื ื—ื–ืจื”, ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” "ืงื“ื™ืžื”, ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื."
12:00
As someone who wrestled since age eight, I proceeded to crush her,
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ื›ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ืชืื‘ืง ืžื’ื™ืœ ืฉืžื•ื ื”, ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœืžืขื•ืš ืื•ืชื”,
12:03
"Of Mice and Men" style.
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ื‘ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ืื“ื ื•ืขื›ื‘ืจ.
12:05
And she looked up and said,
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ื”ื™ื ื”ืกื›ืœื” ืžืขืœื” ื•ืืžืจื”,
12:07
"Now that's better."
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"ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘."
12:10
So I bought a month's worth of classes.
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ืื– ืฉื™ืœืžืชื™ ืขืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื.
12:12
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
12:13
And proceeded to look at --
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ื•ื”ืžืฉื›ืชื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ืขืœ --
12:15
I wanted to set competition so I'd have a deadline --
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื“ื“ืœื™ื™ืŸ --
12:17
Parkinson's Law,
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ื—ื•ืง ืคืจืงื™ื ืกื•ืŸ,
12:19
the perceived complexity of a task will expand to fill the time you allot it.
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ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ืชืคืฉืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืชืชืจื—ื‘ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืœื ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืืชื” ืžืงืฆื™ื‘ ืœื”.
12:23
So I had a very short deadline for a competition.
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ืื– ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื“ื“ืœื™ื™ืŸ ืงืฆืจ ืžืื•ื“ ืœืชื—ืจื•ืช.
12:26
I got a female instructor first,
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ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื” ืื™ืฉื”,
12:29
to teach me the female role, the follow,
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ืœืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ื ืฉื™, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ืœ,
12:32
because I wanted to understand the sensitivities and abilities
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช
12:34
that the follow needed to develop, so I wouldn't have a repeat of college.
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ืฉื”ืžื•ื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืคืชื—, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ืืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื.
12:37
And then I took an inventory of the characteristics,
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ื•ืื– ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืืช ืื•ืกืฃ ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื,
12:40
along with her, of the
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ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืื™ืชื”,
12:44
of the capabilities and elements of different dancers who'd won championships.
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ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืืœืžื ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจืงื“ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื–ื›ื• ื‘ืืœื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช.
12:47
I interviewed these people because they all taught in Buenos Aires.
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ืจืื™ื™ื ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืœื™ืžื“ื• ื‘ื‘ื•ืื ื•ืก ืื™ื™ืจืก.
12:51
I compared the two lists,
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ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ืชื™ ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช,
12:53
and what you find is that there is explicitly,
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ื•ืžื” ืฉืžื•ืฆืื™ื ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืคื•ืจืฉ,
12:55
expertise they recommended, certain training methods.
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ื”ืชืžื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืžืžืœื™ืฆื™ื, ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืื™ืžื•ืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช.
12:58
Then there were implicit commonalities
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ื”ื™ื• ืžืกืคืจ ืžื›ื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืžืจื•ืžื–ื™ื
13:00
that none of them seemed to be practicing.
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ืฉืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืœื ืคืขืœ ืขืœ ืคื™ื”ื.
13:03
Now the protectionism of Argentine dance teachers aside,
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฆื“ ืืช ื”ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉืžื•ืจื™ ืจื™ืงื•ื“ ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืขืฆืžื,
13:06
I found this very interesting. So I decided to focus on three of those commonalities.
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ืžืฆืืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ืื– ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื.
13:10
Long steps. So a lot of milongueros --
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ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื. ืื– ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื™ืœื•ื ื’ื•ืจื•ืก
13:12
the tango dancers will use very short steps.
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ืจืงื“ื ื™ ื”ื˜ื ื’ื•, ื™ืขืฉื• ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžืื•ื“.
13:16
I found that longer steps were much more elegant.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืฆืขื“ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืœื’ื ื˜ื™ื™ื.
13:20
So you can have --
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ืื– ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ื --
13:22
and you can do it in a very small space in fact.
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ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื—ืœืœ ืงื˜ืŸ ืžืื•ื“ ืœืžืขืฉื”.
13:24
Secondly, different types of pivots.
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ืฉื ื™ืช, ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆื™ืจื™ื.
13:27
Thirdly, variation in tempo.
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ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ื’ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงืฆื‘.
13:30
These seemed to be the three areas that I could exploit to compete
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ืืœื• ื”ื™ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื ืฆืœ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช,
13:33
if I wanted to comptete against people who'd been practicing for 20 to 30 years.
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ืื ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžืชืืžื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ 20 ืœ30 ืฉื ื”.
13:37
That photo is of the
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ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืฉืœ
13:40
semi-finals of the Buenos Aires championships, four months later.
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ื—ืฆื™ ื”ื’ืžืจ ื‘ืืœื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ื•ืื ื•ืก ืื™ื™ืจืก, ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
13:43
Then one month later, went to the world championships,
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ื•ืื– ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืืœื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื.
13:46
made it to the semi-final. And then set a world record, following that,
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ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœื—ืฆื™ ื”ื’ืžืจ. ื•ืื– ืงื‘ืขืชื™ ืฉื™ื ืขื•ืœืžื™, ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื–ืืช,
13:48
two weeks later.
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ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
13:49
I want you to see part of what I practiced.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชืจืื• ื—ืœืง ืžืžื” ืฉื”ืชืืžื ืชื™ ืขืœื™ื•.
13:52
I'm going to jump forward here.
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ืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืงื“ื™ืžื”.
13:55
This is the instructor that Alicia and I chose for the male lead.
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ื–ื”ื• ืžื“ืจื™ืš ืฉืืœื™ืกื™ื” ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ื—ืจื ื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™.
14:00
His name is Gabriel Misse.
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ืฉืžื• ื’ื‘ืจื™ืืœ ืžื™ืกื”.
14:02
One of the most elegant dancers of his generation,
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ืื—ื“ ื”ืจืงื“ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื’ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ืจื•,
14:06
known for his long steps, and his tempo changes
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ื™ื“ื•ืข ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื”ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ืฉืœื• ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืงืฆื‘
14:08
and his pivots.
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ื•ื”ืฆื™ืจื™ื.
14:13
Alicia, in her own right, very famous.
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ืืœื™ืกื™ื”, ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืขืฆืžื”, ืžืื•ื“ ืžืคื•ืจืกืžืช.
14:15
So I think you'll agree, they look quite good together.
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืชืกื›ื™ืžื• ืฉื”ื ื ืจืื™ื ื“ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื—ื“.
14:20
Now what I like about this video
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ื‘ื•ื™ื“ื™ืื• ื”ื–ื”
14:23
is it's actually a video of the first time they ever danced together
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ื–ื” ืฉื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืงืœื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื”ื ืจืงื“ื• ื‘ื™ื—ื“
14:25
because of his lead. He had a strong lead.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” ืฉืœื•. ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื• ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” ื—ื–ืงื”.
14:28
He didn't lead with his chest, which requires you lean forward.
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ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืขื ื”ื—ื–ื”, ืžื” ืฉื“ื•ืจืฉ ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืงื“ื™ืžื”.
14:30
I couldn't develop the attributes in my toes,
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืคืชื— ืืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืช ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™,
14:32
the strength in my feet, to do that.
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ื”ื—ื•ื–ืง ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื™, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
14:35
So he uses a lead that focuses on
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ืื– ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” ืฉืžืชืžืงื“ืช ืขืœ
14:38
his shoulder girdle and his arm.
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ื—ื’ื•ืจืช ื”ื›ืชืฃ ื•ื”ื–ืจื•ืข.
14:41
So he can lift the woman to break her, for example.
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ืื– ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืื•ืชื”, ืœื“ื’ืžื.
14:43
That's just one benefit of that.
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ื–ื• ืจืง ืชื•ืขืœืช ืื—ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื”.
14:45
So then we broke it down.
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ื•ืื– ืคื™ืจืงื ื• ืืช ื–ื”.
14:49
This would be an example of one pivot.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืœืฆื™ืจ ืื—ื“.
14:51
This is a back step pivot.
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ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืฆื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืฆืขื“ ืื—ื•ืจื™.
14:53
There are many different types.
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ื™ืฉ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
14:55
I have hundreds of hours of footage --
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ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืžืื•ืช ืฉืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฆื™ืœื•ืžื™ื.
14:58
all categorized, much like George Carlin
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ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืžื—ื•ืœืง ืœืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ืžืžืฉ ื›ืžื• ื’'ื•ืจื’' ืงืจืœื™ืŸ
15:00
categorized his comedy.
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ืฉืžืงื˜ืœื’ ืืช ื”ืงื•ืžื“ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื•.
15:06
So using my arch-nemesis,
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ืื– ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื“ืชื™ ืžืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื,
15:08
Spanish, no less, to learn tango.
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ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช, ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช, ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื˜ื ื’ื•.
15:10
So fear is your friend. Fear is an indicator.
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ืื– ื”ืคื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ื—ื‘ืจ. ื”ืคื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจ,
15:12
Sometimes it shows you what you shouldn't do.
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ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžืจืื” ืœืš ืžื” ืœื ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
15:14
More often than not it shows you exactly what you should do.
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ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืจืื” ืœืš ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืขืœื™ื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
15:17
And the best results that I've had in life,
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ื•ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื,
15:19
the most enjoyable times, have all been from asking a simple question:
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ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืžื”ื ื™ื, ื›ื•ืœื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืžืœืฉืื•ืœ ืฉืืœื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”:
15:22
what's the worst that can happen?
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ืžื” ื”ื›ื™ ื’ืจื•ืข ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงืจื•ืช ?
15:24
Especially with fears you gained when you were a child.
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ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขื ืคื—ื“ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ืคื—ืช ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ืช.
15:28
Take the analytical frameworks,
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ืขืฉื• ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™,
15:31
the capabilities you have, apply them to old fears.
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ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ื, ื‘ื“ืงื• ืื•ืชืŸ ืขืœ ืคื—ื“ื™ื ื™ืฉื ื™ื.
15:33
Apply them to very big dreams.
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ื‘ื“ืงื• ืื•ืชืŸ ืขืœ ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืื•ื“.
15:36
And when I think of what I fear now, it's very simple.
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ื•ื›ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืžืคื—ื™ื“ ืื•ืชื™ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืคืฉื•ื˜.
15:39
When I imagine my life,
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ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืžื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื—ื™ื™,
15:42
what my life would have been like
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ืื™ืš ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื™ื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช
15:44
without the educational opportunities that I had,
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ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“,
15:48
it makes me wonder.
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ื–ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืœื™ ืœืชื”ื•ืช.
15:50
I've spent the last two years trying to deconstruct
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ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืคืจืง
15:52
the American public school system,
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ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”,
15:55
to either fix it or replace it.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืื• ืœืชืงืŸ ืื•ืชื” ืื• ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืื•ืชื”.
15:57
And have done experiments with about 50,000 students thus far --
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ื•ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื ืขื ื‘ืขืจืš 50,000 ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื.
16:00
built, I'd say, about a half dozen schools,
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ื‘ื ื™ืชื™, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ, ืฉื™ืฉื” ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ,
16:02
my readers, at this point.
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ืฉื”ื ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืฉืœื™, ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื–ื•.
16:04
And if any of you are interested in that,
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ื•ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžื›ื ืžืชืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื”,
16:06
I would love to speak with you.
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ืื ื™ ืืฉืžื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื•.
16:08
I know nothing. I'm a beginner.
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ืื™ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ื“ื‘ืจ, ืื ื™ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ.
16:10
But I ask a lot of questions, and I would love your advice.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืืœ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืืœื•ืช ื•ืืฉืžื— ืœืขืฆืชื›ื.
16:13
Thank you very much.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื.
16:15
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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