Smash fear, learn anything | Tim Ferriss

1,088,239 views ・ 2009-04-16

TED


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譯者: Cindy Shhe 審譯者: Calvin Chun-yu Chan
00:16
This is Tim Ferriss circa 1979 A.D. Age two.
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這是 Tim Ferriss,大約公元 1979 年,兩歲。
00:22
You can tell by the power squat, I was a very confident boy --
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從我蹲馬步的姿勢,你可以看出我是一個非常有自信的孩子 —
00:25
and not without reason.
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這是有原因的。
00:27
I had a very charming routine at the time,
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當時我有一個非常迷人的例行公事,
00:29
which was to wait until late in the evening
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我會等到很晚的夜裡
00:31
when my parents were decompressing from a hard day's work,
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當我的父母在為了一天下來的辛苦工作紓壓,
00:34
doing their crossword puzzles, watching television.
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玩填字遊戲,看電視時。
00:36
I would run into the living room, jump up on the couch,
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我會跑進客廳,跳上沙發,
00:39
rip the cushions off, throw them on the floor,
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將椅墊掀起來,扔在地上,
00:41
scream at the top of my lungs and run out
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尖叫,然後跑走
00:43
because I was the Incredible Hulk.
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因為我是神奇綠巨人。
00:45
(Laughter)
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(眾笑)
00:47
Obviously, you see the resemblance.
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很顯然的,你可以看出我和他有多相似。
00:49
And this routine went on for some time.
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而這個例行公事持續了一段時間。
00:53
When I was seven I went to summer camp.
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我七歲的時候參加了一個夏令營。
00:56
My parents found it necessary for peace of mind.
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我的父母為了耳根清靜不得不這麼做。
00:58
And at noon each day
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每天中午十二點
01:00
the campers would go to a pond,
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夏令營的孩子們會去一個
01:02
where they had floating docks.
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有浮動碼頭的池塘。
01:04
You could jump off the end into the deep end.
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你可以從碼頭跳入池塘深處。
01:06
I was born premature. I was always very small.
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我是個早產兒。我一直比別的孩子嬌小。
01:08
My left lung had collapsed when I was born.
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我剛出生的時候左肺曾經萎陷過。
01:10
And I've always had buoyancy problems.
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而我一直有浮力問題。
01:12
So water was something that scared me to begin with.
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因此,我一向都很怕水,
01:14
But I would go in on occasion.
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但我有時還是會跳進池塘。
01:16
And on one particular day,
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有一天,
01:18
the campers were jumping through inner tubes,
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孩子們在玩跳水穿越游泳圈的遊戲。
01:21
They were diving through inner tubes. And I thought this would be great fun.
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他們跳入水面上的游泳圈。我認為這會非常有趣。
01:23
So I dove through the inner tube,
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所以,我跳水穿入了游泳圈,
01:25
and the bully of the camp grabbed my ankles.
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而夏令營裡一個愛欺侮人的孩子抓住了我的腳踝。
01:28
And I tried to come up for air,
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我試著浮出水面呼吸空氣,
01:32
and my lower back hit the bottom of the inner tube.
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但游泳圈壓卻著我的背。
01:34
And I went wild eyed and thought I was going to die.
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我殺紅了眼,以為自己就要死了。
01:38
A camp counselor fortunately came over and separated us.
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幸運的是,一個營地輔導員及時趕過來將我們分開。
01:41
From that point onward I was terrified of swimming.
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從那一刻起,我再也不敢游泳。
01:45
That is something that I did not get over.
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我一直無法克服這個恐懼。
01:48
My inability to swim has been
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身為一個旱鴨子
01:50
one of my greatest humiliations and embarrassments.
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是我最大的屈辱和難堪。
01:55
That is when I realized that I was not the Incredible Hulk.
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這使我發覺,我不是神奇綠巨人。
01:58
But there is a happy ending to this story.
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但是這個故事有個圓滿的結局。
02:01
At age 31 -- that's my age now --
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31 歲時,也就是我現在的年齡,
02:05
in August I took two weeks to re-examine swimming,
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在 8 月,我利用兩個星期反思游泳
02:09
and question all the of the obvious aspects of swimming.
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和所有明顯有關游泳方面的問題。
02:13
And went from swimming one lap --
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我從像個溺水的猴子似的
02:15
so 20 yards -- like a drowning monkey,
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以大約每分鐘 200 下的心跳,
02:17
at about 200 beats per minute heart rate --
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游一圈,也就是 20 碼,
02:19
I measured it --
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我量過,
02:21
to going to Montauk on Long Island,
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到從長島的蒙托克
02:24
close to where I grew up,
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離我的故鄉不遠處
02:26
and jumping into the ocean and swimming one kilometer in open water,
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跳進大海,在公開水域游了 1 公里,
02:29
getting out and feeling better than when I went in.
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上岸,感覺比跳進去的時候更好。
02:31
And I came out,
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我在岸上,穿著我的
02:33
in my Speedos, European style,
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歐式 Speedos 三角游泳褲,
02:36
feeling like the Incredible Hulk.
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感覺好比神奇綠巨人。
02:38
And that's what I want everyone in here to feel like,
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我希望各位在這場演講結束時
02:40
the Incredible Hulk, at the end of this presentation.
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都能感覺像是神奇綠巨人
02:43
More specifically, I want you to feel like you're capable
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更具體地說,我希望你覺得你有能力
02:45
of becoming an excellent long-distance swimmer,
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能成為一個優秀的遠距離游泳選手,
02:49
a world-class language learner,
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一個世界級的語言學生,
02:51
and a tango champion.
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和探戈冠軍。
02:54
And I would like to share my art.
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我想在此分享我的藝術。
02:57
If I have an art, it's deconstructing things
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如果我有一門藝術,那就是解構
02:59
that really scare the living hell out of me.
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那些使我恐懼的事物。
03:01
So, moving onward.
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那麼,開始吧。
03:03
Swimming, first principles.
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游泳,第一個原則。
03:05
First principles, this is very important.
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第一原則,這非常重要。
03:07
I find that the best results in life
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我發現生活中最佳的成果
03:09
are often held back by false constructs and untested assumptions.
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往往被錯誤的觀念和未經驗證的假設埋沒。
03:14
And the turnaround in swimming came
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我對游泳的轉變源自於朋友的一句話,
03:16
when a friend of mine said, "I will go a year without any stimulants" --
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他說:「我可以一年不碰咖啡因」—
03:19
this is a six-double-espresso-per-day type of guy --
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這個朋友是每天得喝6杯濃咖啡的人 —
03:22
"if you can complete a one kilometer open water race."
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「如果你能完成一公里公開水域游泳賽。」
03:25
So the clock started ticking.
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於是時間開始倒數。
03:27
I started seeking out triathletes
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我開始尋覓三項全能的運動員
03:29
because I found that lifelong swimmers often couldn't teach what they did.
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因為我發現,終身游泳選手往往不會教學。
03:33
I tried kickboards.
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我試過浮板。
03:36
My feet would slice through the water like razors,
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我的腳可以像電動剃刀似的切入水面,
03:38
I wouldn't even move. I would leave demoralized, staring at my feet.
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而我仍無法前進。我只能沮喪的盯著自己的腳。
03:41
Hand paddles, everything.
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槳狀手板,能試的都試了。
03:43
Even did lessons with Olympians -- nothing helped.
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我還跟奧林匹克選手拿課,但都無濟於事。
03:46
And then Chris Sacca, who is now a dear friend mine,
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然後,我現在一個要好的朋友 Chris Sacca,
03:48
had completed an Iron Man with 103 degree temperature,
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他在華氏 103 度下已完成了鐵人三項,
03:51
said, "I have the answer to your prayers."
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對我說:「我有你祈禱的答覆。」
03:53
And he introduced me to
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他向我介紹了
03:55
the work of a man named Terry Laughlin
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Terry Laughlin 的事業
03:57
who is the founder of Total Immersion Swimming.
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他是 Total Immersion Swimming 的創始人。
03:59
That set me on the road to examining biomechanics.
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這讓我走上研究生物力學的道路。
04:02
So here are the new rules of swimming,
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如果你害怕或不擅長游泳,
04:04
if any of you are afraid of swimming, or not good at it.
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這裡是新的游泳規則。
04:07
The first is, forget about kicking. Very counterintuitive.
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首先,別管踢水了。這非常違反直覺。
04:10
So it turns out that propulsion isn't really the problem.
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事實證明,推進力並非真正的問題。
04:14
Kicking harder doesn't solve the problem
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踢得更用力解決不了問題
04:16
because the average swimmer only transfers about three percent
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因為普通的游泳者只利用大約百分之三的
04:19
of their energy expenditure into forward motion.
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能量開支向前移動。
04:22
The problem is hydrodynamics.
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問題是流體動力學。
04:24
So what you want to focus on instead
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你應該將重點放在
04:26
is allowing your lower body to draft behind your upper body,
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讓您的下半身拖在您的上半身後面,
04:28
much like a small car behind a big car on the highway.
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就像在高速公路上大型車後面的小型車。
04:31
And you do that by maintaining a horizontal body position.
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保持橫向體位就能這樣。
04:34
The only way you can do that
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而做到這一點唯一的辦法
04:36
is to not swim on top of the water.
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就是不要游在水面上。
04:38
The body is denser than water. 95 percent of it would be,
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人體的密度比水高。至少百分之九十五
04:41
at least, submerged naturally.
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將自然沈在水中。
04:43
So you end up, number three,
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因此,第三點,當你游自由式時,
04:45
not swimming, in the case of freestyle,
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不該像許多人認為的,
04:48
on your stomach, as many people think, reaching on top of the water.
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游在你的肚子上,往水面上伸手。
04:51
But actually rotating from streamlined right
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而是應該從右邊的流線,
04:54
to streamlined left,
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轉向左邊的流線,
04:56
maintaining that fuselage position as long as possible.
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維持這樣的機身姿勢越久越好。
04:59
So let's look at some examples. This is Terry.
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讓我們來看看一些例子。這是 Terry。
05:01
And you can see that he's extending his right arm
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你可以看到他在他的頭的下前方遠處
05:04
below his head and far in front.
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伸展出他的右臂。
05:06
And so his entire body really is underwater.
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而他的整個身體確實是在水底下。
05:09
The arm is extended below the head.
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延長的手臂在頭的下方。
05:12
The head is held in line with the spine,
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頭和脊椎成一直線,
05:14
so that you use strategic water pressure to raise your legs up --
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這樣您可以利用水壓力提高你的腿 —
05:18
very important, especially for people with lower body fat.
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這非常重要,尤其是對體脂肪較低的人來說。
05:21
Here is an example of the stroke.
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這是踢水的例子。
05:23
So you don't kick. But you do use a small flick.
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你不用踢。但你得輕微的擺動。
05:26
You can see this is the left extension.
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你可以看到這是左部延伸。
05:28
Then you see his left leg.
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然後,你看到他的左腿。
05:30
Small flick, and the only purpose of that
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輕微的擺動,而這唯一的目的是
05:32
is to rotate his hips so he can get to the opposite side.
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要轉動他的臀部,讓他到另一邊。
05:35
And the entry point for his right hand -- notice this,
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看好他右手的切入點,
05:37
he's not reaching in front and catching the water.
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他並沒有向前伸展抓水。
05:39
Rather, he is entering the water
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他的前臂以 45 度角
05:42
at a 45-degree angle with his forearm,
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進入水面,
05:44
and then propelling himself by streamlining -- very important.
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然後他用流線的姿勢將自己推進 — 這非常重要。
05:50
Incorrect, above, which is what almost every swimming coach will teach you.
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上圖姿勢不正確,但幾乎每個游泳教練都會這樣教你。
05:53
Not their fault, honestly.
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老實說這不是他們的錯。
05:55
And I'll get to implicit versus explicit in a moment.
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等會兒我會談到內隱和外顯的差別。
05:58
Below is what most swimmers
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以下是大多數游泳選手
06:00
will find enables them to do what I did,
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發現能讓他們做到我所做到的,
06:02
which is going from 21 strokes per 20-yard length
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也就是在 20 碼的長度,在兩次訓練,
06:06
to 11 strokes
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沒有教練,沒有視頻監控的情況下,
06:09
in two workouts with no coach, no video monitoring.
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從划 21 下,到划 11 下。
06:12
And now I love swimming. I can't wait to go swimming.
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現在我愛游泳。我迫不及待地想去游泳。
06:15
I'll be doing a swimming lesson later, for myself, if anyone wants to join me.
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我待會要為自己上游泳課,想來的人歡迎加入我。
06:19
Last thing, breathing. A problem a lot of us have, certainly, when you're swimming.
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最後是呼吸。這是很多人游泳的問題。
06:23
In freestyle, easiest way to remedy this is
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在自由式,最簡單的輔助方法是
06:25
to turn with body roll,
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頭跟著身體轉
06:28
and just to look at your recovery hand as it enters the water.
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用眼睛看著你收回進入水裡的手。
06:32
And that will get you very far.
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這將對你受益無窮。
06:35
That's it. That's really all you need to know.
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就這樣。你需要知道的不過如此。
06:38
Languages. Material versus method.
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語言。教材與教法。
06:40
I, like many people, came to the conclusion
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我和許多人一樣,
06:42
that I was terrible at languages.
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認為自己對學習語言沒天分。
06:44
I suffered through Spanish for junior high, first year of high school,
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國中和高一,我學西班牙文學得很痛苦。
06:48
and the sum total of my knowledge
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我西班牙文知識的總和
06:50
was pretty much, "Donde esta el bano?"
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差不多是:「Donde esta el bano?」
06:52
And I wouldn't even catch the response. A sad state of affairs.
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而我連答覆都聽不懂。挺可悲的。
06:57
Then I transferred to a different school sophomore year, and
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然後,高中二年級我轉到另一個學校。
07:01
I had a choice of other languages. Most of my friends were taking Japanese.
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我可以選擇拿其他語言。我大多數的朋友們都在學日本語。
07:03
So I thought why not punish myself? I'll do Japanese.
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所以我想,為何不懲罰自己?我也來學日文!
07:07
Six months later I had the chance to go to Japan.
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6個月後,有個去日本的機會。
07:10
My teachers assured me, they said, "Don't worry.
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我的老師向我保證,他們說:「別擔心。」
07:12
You'll have Japanese language classes every day to help you cope.
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「每天都會有日文課幫助你學習。」
07:16
It will be an amazing experience." My first overseas experience in fact.
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「這會是一個很棒的經驗。」而且會是我第一次出國。
07:20
So my parents encouraged me to do it. I left.
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我的父母鼓勵我去。我離鄉。
07:23
I arrived in Tokyo. Amazing.
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到達東京。真不可思議。
07:25
I couldn't believe I was on the other side of the world.
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我簡直不敢相信我在世界另一邊。
07:27
I met my host family. Things went quite well I think,
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我見到了我的寄宿家庭。一切似乎都還不錯,
07:29
all things considered.
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至少我這麼認為。
07:31
My first evening, before my first day of school,
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我的第一個晚上,在開學前一天,
07:34
I said to my mother, very politely,
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我對我的寄宿母親,很客氣的說,
07:36
"Please wake me up at eight a.m."
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「請在 8 點叫醒我」
07:38
So, (Japanese)
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日文是,(日文)
07:40
But I didn't say (Japanese). I said, (Japanese). Pretty close.
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不過,我並沒有說(日文)。我說,(日文)。相當接近。
07:44
But I said, "Please rape me at eight a.m."
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但那意思是「請在 8 點強姦我」
07:47
(Laughter)
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(眾笑)
07:50
You've never seen a more confused Japanese woman.
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你應該沒有看過一個比她還疑惑的日本女子。
07:52
(Laughter)
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(眾笑)
07:56
I walked in to school.
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我進學校。
07:58
And a teacher came up to me and handed me a piece of paper.
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一個老師走到我面前,遞給我一張紙。
08:01
I couldn't read any of it -- hieroglyphics, it could have been --
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我一個字也不會念 — 簡直就是象形文字 —
08:04
because it was Kanji,
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因為那是漢字,
08:06
Chinese characters adapted into the Japanese language.
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也就是日文從中文借來的文字。
08:08
Asked him what this said.
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我問他上面寫什麼。
08:10
And he goes, "Ahh, okay okay,
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而他說:「啊啊,好的好的,」
08:12
eehto, World History, ehh, Calculus,
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「恩恩,世界歷史,恩,微積分,」
08:16
Traditional Japanese." And so on.
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「傳統日語。」等等。
08:20
And so it came to me in waves.
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這對我來說是一波波的震驚。
08:23
There had been something lost in translation.
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有些訊息在翻譯中流失了。
08:26
The Japanese classes were not Japanese instruction classes, per se.
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這些日本課本身並不是日語教學。
08:29
They were the normal high school curriculum for Japanese students --
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它們是普通日本學生的高中課程。
08:33
the other 4,999 students in the school, who were Japanese, besides the American.
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是除了我這個美國人以外,另外 4999 個日本學生上的課程。
08:37
And that's pretty much my response.
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我的反應差不多是這樣。
08:40
(Laughter)
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(眾笑)
08:41
And that set me on this panic driven search for the perfect language method.
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這驅使我恐慌的尋找完美的語言學習法。
08:46
I tried everything. I went to Kinokuniya.
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我試了所有方法。我去了紀伊國屋書店。
08:48
I tried every possible book, every possible CD.
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我嘗試了所有的書,所有的CD 。
08:51
Nothing worked until I found this.
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都沒有幫助,直到我發現這個。
08:53
This is the Joyo Kanji. This is a Tablet rather,
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這是常用漢字表。這是一張 1945 個
08:57
or a poster of the 1,945 common-use characters
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常用漢字的圖表或海報
09:01
as determined by the Ministry of Education in 1981.
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由教育部於 1981 年所訂。
09:04
Many of the publications in Japan limit themselves to these characters,
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日本許多出版社都限制自己於這些漢字,
09:08
to facilitate literacy -- some are required to.
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以促進掃盲 — 有些是規定。
09:10
And this became my Holy Grail, my Rosetta Stone.
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而這成為我的聖杯,我的羅賽達石碑。
09:13
As soon as I focused on this material,
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當我開始專注於這個教材後,
09:18
I took off.
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我的學習便突飛猛進。
09:20
I ended up being able to read Asahi Shinbu, Asahi newspaper,
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我最後連朝日新聞都會念,
09:23
about six months later -- so a total of 11 months later --
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大約半年後,— 也就是總共11個月後 —
09:26
and went from Japanese I to Japanese VI.
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我從日文一年級,到六年級。
09:28
Ended up doing translation work at age 16 when I returned to the U.S.,
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16 歲歸國後,我甚至當起翻譯,
09:31
and have continued to apply this material
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並且繼續應用這種教材強與教法的方式,
09:36
over method approach to close to a dozen languages now.
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到現在,學習將近 12 種語言。
09:39
Someone who was terrible at languages,
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一個曾經對語言沒天分的人,
09:41
and at any given time, speak, read and write five or six.
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在任何時刻,能說、讀、寫五或六種語言。
09:46
This brings us to the point,
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這將我們帶到重點,
09:48
which is, it's oftentimes what you do,
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也就是,往往是你做了什麼,
09:51
not how you do it, that is the determining factor.
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不是你如何去做,才是決定性因素。
09:54
This is the difference between being effective -- doing the right things --
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這區別了做事有效 — 做正確的事 —
09:57
and being efficient -- doing things well whether or not they're important.
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和做事有效率 — 做好不管是否重要的事。
10:00
You can also do this with grammar.
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相同的方式也可以用在語法。
10:02
I came up with these six sentences after much experimentation.
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在許多試驗後,我研究出這 6 個句子。
10:06
Having a native speaker allow you to deconstruct their grammar,
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請一個講母語的人將這些句子翻譯成過去式,現在式,未來式
10:09
by translating these sentences into past, present, future,
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好讓你解構他們的語法,
10:12
will show you subject, object, verb,
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可以讓你分別主詞,副詞,動詞,
10:14
placement of indirect, direct objects, gender and so forth.
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間接賓語,直接賓語,性別,等等的位置。
10:16
From that point, you can then, if you want to,
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從這起點,如果你想要,你可以
10:19
acquire multiple languages, alternate them so there is no interference.
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掌握多種語言,不受干擾的隨意轉換使用他們。
10:21
We can talk about that if anyone in interested.
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如果任何人有興趣,我們可以更深入去聊。
10:24
And now I love languages.
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現在,我愛各種語言。
10:26
So ballroom dancing, implicit versus explicit --
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交際舞,內隱和外顯 —
10:29
very important.
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這非常重要。
10:30
You might look at me and say, "That guy must be a ballroom dancer."
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你可能會看著我說:「那傢伙必定是個交際舞者。」
10:33
But no, you'd be wrong
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但是,你錯了
10:35
because my body is very poorly designed for most things --
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因為我的身體構造對大多數的動作來說是很差的設計 —
10:38
pretty well designed for lifting heavy rocks perhaps.
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也許對舉重石頭來說算還不錯。
10:41
I used to be much bigger, much more muscular.
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我曾經比現在壯很多,有更多肌肉。
10:44
And so I ended up walking like this.
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因此,我走起路來像這樣。
10:46
I looked a lot like an orangutan, our close cousins, or the Incredible Hulk.
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看起來很像猩猩,或人類的表兄弟,或神奇綠巨人 —
10:52
Not very good for ballroom dancing.
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對交際舞不是很適用。
10:54
I found myself in Argentina in 2005,
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2005年,我來到了阿根廷。
10:57
decided to watch a tango class -- had no intention of participating.
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我決定去參觀探戈舞課程 — 不打算參與 —
11:00
Went in, paid my ten pesos,
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我進去,付了 10 比索,
11:02
walked up -- 10 women two guys, usually a good ratio.
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裡面有 10 個女人兩個男人,通常是很好的比例。
11:05
The instructor says, "You are participating."
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教練說:「你得參與。」
11:08
Immediately: death sweat.
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我立刻嚇出了一身冷汗。
11:10
(Laughter)
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(眾笑)
11:11
Fight-or-flight fear sweat, because I tried ballroom dancing in college --
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迎戰或落跑的恐懼,因為我在大學曾試圖學過交際舞 —
11:14
stepped on the girl's foot with my heel. She screamed.
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我用鞋跟踩到舞伴的腳。她尖叫。
11:17
I was so concerned with her perception of what I was doing,
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我因為實在太關注她對我所作所為的看法
11:20
that it exploded in my face,
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而感到顏面盡失,
11:22
never to return to the ballroom dancing club.
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再也無法返回交際舞俱樂部。
11:25
She comes up, and this was her approach, the teacher.
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教練靠近我,而這是她的教法。
11:28
"Okay, come on, grab me."
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「好吧,來吧,抓我。」
11:30
Gorgeous assistant instructor.
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絢麗的助理教練。
11:32
She was very pissed off that I had pulled her from her advanced practice.
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她對於我打擾到她的進階練習感到非常生氣。
11:35
So I did my best. I didn't know where to put my hands.
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因此,我盡了力。我不知道該把手放在哪裡。
11:38
And she pulled back, threw down her arms,
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而她向後退,甩下她的手,
11:40
put them on her hips, turned around and yelled across the room,
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雙手插腰,轉過身去對著整個教室大吼,
11:43
"This guy is built like a god-damned mountain of muscle,
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「這個傢伙全身上下都是該死的肌肉,」
11:47
and he's grabbing me like a fucking Frenchman,"
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「但他抓我的方式卻像個他媽的法國人。」
11:49
(Laughter)
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(眾笑)
11:51
which I found encouraging.
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這鼓舞了我。
11:53
(Laughter)
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(眾笑)
11:55
Everyone burst into laughter. I was humiliated.
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每個人都大笑出來。我感到羞辱。
11:57
She came back. She goes, "Come on. I don't have all day."
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她走回來。說:「來吧。我沒有一整天跟你耗。」
12:00
As someone who wrestled since age eight, I proceeded to crush her,
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我以身為一個從 8 歲便開始摔跤的人,開始擠壓她,
12:03
"Of Mice and Men" style.
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人鼠之間風格。
12:05
And she looked up and said,
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她抬起頭說,
12:07
"Now that's better."
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「這還差不多。」
12:10
So I bought a month's worth of classes.
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因此,我買了一個月課程。
12:12
(Laughter)
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(眾笑)
12:13
And proceeded to look at --
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並著手研究 —
12:15
I wanted to set competition so I'd have a deadline --
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我決定要參賽,因為我想給自己一個期限
12:17
Parkinson's Law,
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帕金森法則,
12:19
the perceived complexity of a task will expand to fill the time you allot it.
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一件任務表面的複雜性,將會擴張填補你所分配於完成它的時間。
12:23
So I had a very short deadline for a competition.
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所以,我的競爭期限相當短。
12:26
I got a female instructor first,
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我先請了一個女教練
12:29
to teach me the female role, the follow,
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來教我女舞者的角色,跟隨,
12:32
because I wanted to understand the sensitivities and abilities
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因為我想了解女舞著需要培養出的細心和能力
12:34
that the follow needed to develop, so I wouldn't have a repeat of college.
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這樣我才不會重犯大學的錯。
12:37
And then I took an inventory of the characteristics,
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我和我的教練一起
12:40
along with her, of the
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研究了不同贏得總冠軍賽的舞者,
12:44
of the capabilities and elements of different dancers who'd won championships.
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分析並他們的舞蹈特質,能力和要素。
12:47
I interviewed these people because they all taught in Buenos Aires.
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我採訪了這些人,他們都在布宜諾斯艾利斯教課。
12:51
I compared the two lists,
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我將兩項列表進行比較,
12:53
and what you find is that there is explicitly,
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我發現在列表中,他們在專門技術
12:55
expertise they recommended, certain training methods.
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和某些訓練方式上給予外顯性的建議。
12:58
Then there were implicit commonalities
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再來就是,他們擁有許多內隱性的共同點,
13:00
that none of them seemed to be practicing.
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但他們似乎並不自覺。
13:03
Now the protectionism of Argentine dance teachers aside,
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阿根廷舞蹈教練的保護主義除外,
13:06
I found this very interesting. So I decided to focus on three of those commonalities.
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我發現這非常有趣。所以,我決定把重點放在三個共同點。
13:10
Long steps. So a lot of milongueros --
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長的舞步。許多米隆加佬 ,
13:12
the tango dancers will use very short steps.
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探戈舞者,會運用極短的舞步。
13:16
I found that longer steps were much more elegant.
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我發現,長舞步更優雅。
13:20
So you can have --
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你可以這樣 —
13:22
and you can do it in a very small space in fact.
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而且你可以在非常小的空間內做到。
13:24
Secondly, different types of pivots.
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第二,不同類型的軸轉。
13:27
Thirdly, variation in tempo.
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第三,節奏上的變化。
13:30
These seemed to be the three areas that I could exploit to compete
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這三個方面似乎可以讓我利用
13:33
if I wanted to comptete against people who'd been practicing for 20 to 30 years.
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在和有 20 到 30 年練舞經驗的人競爭。
13:37
That photo is of the
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這張照片是
13:40
semi-finals of the Buenos Aires championships, four months later.
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4 個月後,布宜諾斯艾利斯錦標賽的半決賽。
13:43
Then one month later, went to the world championships,
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一個月後,我們來到了世界錦標賽,
13:46
made it to the semi-final. And then set a world record, following that,
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進入了半決賽。而兩個星期後,
13:48
two weeks later.
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創造了世界紀錄。
13:49
I want you to see part of what I practiced.
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我想讓你看看我所練習的一部分。
13:52
I'm going to jump forward here.
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這裡我要快轉。
13:55
This is the instructor that Alicia and I chose for the male lead.
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這位教練是 Elysia 和我挑選的男引帶。
14:00
His name is Gabriel Misse.
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他的名字叫 Gabriel Misse。
14:02
One of the most elegant dancers of his generation,
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他是他這一代最優雅的舞者之一,
14:06
known for his long steps, and his tempo changes
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他以他的長舞步,他的節奏變化
14:08
and his pivots.
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和他的軸轉最出名。
14:13
Alicia, in her own right, very famous.
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Elysia 也非常有名。
14:15
So I think you'll agree, they look quite good together.
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我想你會同意,他們搭當得相當不錯。
14:20
Now what I like about this video
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我喜歡這部影片的原因在於
14:23
is it's actually a video of the first time they ever danced together
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這實際上是他們兩位第一次共舞。
14:25
because of his lead. He had a strong lead.
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因為他的引帶。他的引帶非常有力。
14:28
He didn't lead with his chest, which requires you lean forward.
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他並不是利用他的胸口引帶,這會使你前傾。
14:30
I couldn't develop the attributes in my toes,
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我無法發展我腳趾的特性
14:32
the strength in my feet, to do that.
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讓腳掌更有力,因此我無法這樣做。
14:35
So he uses a lead that focuses on
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而他的引帶將重點放在
14:38
his shoulder girdle and his arm.
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他的肩胛帶和他的手臂上。
14:41
So he can lift the woman to break her, for example.
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因此,舉例來說,他可以將女伴舉起來。
14:43
That's just one benefit of that.
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這是好處之一。
14:45
So then we broke it down.
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因此我們做了分析。
14:49
This would be an example of one pivot.
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這將一個軸轉的例子。
14:51
This is a back step pivot.
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這是一個退步軸轉。
14:53
There are many different types.
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這有許多不同的類型。
14:55
I have hundreds of hours of footage --
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我有數百小時的錄像。
14:58
all categorized, much like George Carlin
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所有都分類了,就像喬治卡林
15:00
categorized his comedy.
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分類他的喜劇。
15:06
So using my arch-nemesis,
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我利用我最初的挫折,
15:08
Spanish, no less, to learn tango.
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西班牙語,來學習探戈。
15:10
So fear is your friend. Fear is an indicator.
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恐懼是你的朋友。它是一個指標。
15:12
Sometimes it shows you what you shouldn't do.
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有時它顯示你不該做的事。
15:14
More often than not it shows you exactly what you should do.
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往往更多時候,它表明你正應該做的。
15:17
And the best results that I've had in life,
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而我在生活中得到最好的成果,
15:19
the most enjoyable times, have all been from asking a simple question:
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最愉快的時光,全源自一個簡單的問題。
15:22
what's the worst that can happen?
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最嚴重的後果是什麼?
15:24
Especially with fears you gained when you were a child.
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這尤其針對你在兒時養成的恐懼。
15:28
Take the analytical frameworks,
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利用你的能力採用這個分析架構
15:31
the capabilities you have, apply them to old fears.
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來套用於克服恐懼。
15:33
Apply them to very big dreams.
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套用於你偉大的夢想。
15:36
And when I think of what I fear now, it's very simple.
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而當我現在想我在怕什麼,一切都簡化了。
15:39
When I imagine my life,
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當我想像我的人生,
15:42
what my life would have been like
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如果我沒有相同的教育機會
15:44
without the educational opportunities that I had,
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我的人生會如何,
15:48
it makes me wonder.
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這使我思考。
15:50
I've spent the last two years trying to deconstruct
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我已經花了近兩年來試圖解構
15:52
the American public school system,
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美國公立學校系統,
15:55
to either fix it or replace it.
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如何改革或取代它。
15:57
And have done experiments with about 50,000 students thus far --
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迄今為止,已約有 5 萬名學生參加實驗,
16:00
built, I'd say, about a half dozen schools,
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我和我的讀者,至今
16:02
my readers, at this point.
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建立了約六所學校。
16:04
And if any of you are interested in that,
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如果在坐各位對此感興趣,
16:06
I would love to speak with you.
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我樂意和你討論。
16:08
I know nothing. I'm a beginner.
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我沒有經驗,是個初學者。
16:10
But I ask a lot of questions, and I would love your advice.
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但我勇於問問題,勇於聽取建議。
16:13
Thank you very much.
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非常感謝。
16:15
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
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