See how the rest of the world lives, organized by income | Anna Rosling Rönnlund

Prevodilac: Ivana Krivokuća Lektor: Tijana Mihajlović

What images do we see from the rest of the world?

Kakve slike vidimo iz ostalih delova sveta?

We see natural disasters,

Vidimo prirodne katastrofe,

war, terror.

rat, užas.

We see refugees,

Vidimo izbeglice

and we see horrible diseases.

i užasne bolesti.

Right?

Je l' tako?

We see beautiful beaches,

Vidimo prelepe plaže,

cute animals,

slatke životinje,

beautiful nature,

lepu prirodu,

cultural rites and stuff.

kulturne običaje i tako to.

And then we're supposed to make the connection in our head

I onda treba da spojimo to u glavi

and create a worldview out of this.

i od toga napravimo pogled na svet.

And how is that possible?

Kako je to moguće?

I mean, the world seems so strange.

Mislim, svet deluje tako čudno.

And I don't think it is.

A ne mislim da jeste.

I don't think the world is that strange, actually.

Ne mislim da je svet zaista toliko čudan.

I've got an idea.

Imam ideju.

So, imagine the world as a street,

Zamislite svet kao ulicu

where the poorest live on one end and the richest on the other,

u kojoj najsiromašniji žive na jednom, a najbogatiji na drugom kraju,

and everyone in the world lives on this street.

i svi na svetu žive u toj ulici.

You live there, I live there,

Vi živite tamo, ja živim tamo,

and the neighbors we have are the ones with the same income.

i naše komšije su oni ljudi koji imaju ista primanja.

People that live in the same block as me,

Ljudi koji žive u istom kraju kao i ja

they are from other countries, other cultures, other religions.

potiču iz drugih zemalja, drugih kultura, drugih religija.

The street might look something like this.

Ulica bi mogla izgledati ovako nekako.

And I was curious.

Bila sam znatiželjna.

In Sweden where I live,

U Švedskoj, gde ja živim,

I've been meeting quite a lot of students.

upoznavala sam mnogo studenata.

And I wanted to know,

Htela sam da znam

where would they think they belong on a street like this?

gde bi oni mislili da pripadaju u ovakvoj ulici?

So we changed these houses into people.

Tako smo pretvorili ove kuće u ljude.

This is the seven billion people that live in the world.

Ovo je sedam milijardi ljudi koji žive na svetu.

And just by living in Sweden, most likely you belong there,

Samo time što živite u Švedskoj, najverovatnije pripadate ovde,

which is the richest group.

najbogatijoj grupi.

But the students, when you ask them,

Ali kada pitate studente,

they think they are in the middle.

oni misle da su u sredini.

And how can you understand the world

Kako možete razumeti svet

when you see all these scary images from the world,

kad vidite sve te strašne prizore iz sveta

and you think you live in the middle, while you're actually atop?

i mislite da živite u sredini, pri čemu ste u stvari na vrhu?

Not very easy.

Ne baš lako.

So I sent out photographers

Poslala sam fotografe

to 264 homes in 50 countries -- so far, still counting --

u 264 doma u 50 zemalja - za sada, a broj se povećava -

and in each home, the photographers take the same set of photos.

i fotografi su u svakom domu uslikali iste fotografije.

They take the bed,

Slikali su krevet,

the stove,

šporet,

the toys

igračke

and about 135 other things.

i oko 135 drugih stvari.

So we have 40,000 images or something at the moment,

Tako trenutno imamo 40 000 slika ili tako nešto,

and it looks something like this.

i to izgleda ovako nekako.

Here we see, it says on the top,

Ovde vidimo, kako kaže na vrhu:

"Families in the world by income,"

„Porodice sveta prema dohotku“

and we have the street represented just beneath it, you can see.

i imamo ulicu koja je predstavljena ispod toga, kao što možete videti.

And then we see some of the families we have visited.

Zatim imamo neke od porodica koje smo obišli.

We have the poorer to the left, the richer to the right,

Imamo siromašnije na levoj strani, bogatije na desnoj

and everybody else in between, as the concept says.

i sve ostale u sredini, kao što koncept nalaže.

We can go down and see the different families we have been to so far.

Možemo da idemo dole i vidimo razne porodice kod kojih smo bili do sada.

Here, for instance, we have a family in Zimbabwe,

Ovde, na primer, imamo jednu porodicu iz Zimbabvea,

one in India, one in Russia, and one in Mexico, for instance.

jednu iz Indije, jednu iz Rusije i jednu iz Meksika, recimo.

So we can go around and look at the families this way.

Možemo da krenemo i razgledamo porodice ovako.

But of course, we can choose if we want to see some certain countries

Naravno, možemo da odaberemo ako hoćemo da vidimo određene zemlje

i uporedimo ih

and compare them,

or regions, or if we want, to see other things.

ili oblasti, ako želimo da vidimo druge stvari.

So let's go to the front doors

Hajde da idemo na ulazna vrata

and see what they look like.

i vidimo kako izgledaju.

Go here, and this is the world by front doors, ordered by income.

Dođete ovde, i tu je svet prema ulaznim vratima,

poređan po dohotku.

And we can see the big difference

Možemo videti veliku razliku

from India, Philippines, China, Ukraine, in these examples, for instance.

u odnosu na Indiju, Filipine, Kinu i Ukrajinu na ovim primerima, recimo.

What if we go into the home?

Šta ako uđemo u kuću?

We can look at beds.

Možemo pogledati krevete.

This is what beds can look like.

Ovako mogu izgledati kreveti.

Doesn't look like the glossy magazines.

Ne izgleda kao blještavi magazini.

Doesn't look like the scary images in the media.

Ne izgleda kao strašne slike iz medija.

So remember that the students in Sweden,

Prisetite se da su studenti u Švedskoj

they thought they were in the middle of the world income.

mislili da su u sredini u pogledu primanja u svetu.

So let's go there.

Vratimo se na to.

We zoom in here by filtering the street to the middle,

Zumiramo ovde filtrirajući ulicu da prikaže sredinu,

like this,

ovako,

and then I ask the students:

i zatim pitam studente:

Is this what your bedroom looks like?

„Da li vaša spavaća soba izgleda ovako?“

And they would actually not feel very at home.

A oni se baš i ne bi osećali kao kod kuće.

So we go down and see, do they feel more at home here?

Idemo dole i gledamo da li se tu više osećaju kao kod kuće?

And they would say,

A oni bi rekli:

no, this is not what a Swedish typical bedroom looks like.

„Ne, tako ne izgleda tipična spavaća soba u Švedskoj.“

We go up here,

Idemo ovde gore

and suddenly, they feel sort of at home.

i iznenada se osećaju kao kod kuće.

And we can see here in this image,

Na ovim slikama možemo videti

we see bedrooms in China, Netherlands,

spavaće sobe u Kini, Holandiji,

South Korea, France and the United States, for instance.

Južnoj Koreji, Francuskoj i Sjedinjenim Državama, na primer.

So we can click here.

Možemo da kliknemo ovde.

If we want to know more about the family, the home in which this bed stands,

Ako želimo da saznamo više o porodici, o domu u kome se nalazi ovaj krevet,

we can just click it and go to the family,

možemo samo da kliknemo na njega, odemo na porodicu,

and we can see all the images from that family.

i možemo da vidimo sve slike iz te porodice.

We can go this way, too.

Možemo i ovuda.

And of course, this is free for anyone to use.

Naravno, ovo je besplatno za sve.

So just go here, and please add more images, of course.

Samo odete ovde i molim vas da dodate još slika, naravno.

My personal favorite that everyone always tries to make me not show,

Moj omiljeni deo je da svi uvek pokušavaju da me ubede da ne pokažem -

I'm going to show you now, and that's toilets,

sada ću vam pokazati - a to su toaleti,

jer vam baš i nije dozvoljeno da ljudima gledate toalete,

because you're not really allowed to look at people's toilets,

ali sad to možemo, zar ne?

but now we can just do it, right?

So here (Laughter) we have a lot of toilets.

Tako ovde (Smeh) imamo mnogo toaleta.

They look pretty much as we're used to, right?

Izgledaju prilično onako kako smo navikli, je l' da?

And they are in China, Netherlands, United States, Nepal and so forth,

Nalaze se u Kini, Holandiji, Sjedinjenim Državama, Nepalu i tako dalje,

Ukraine, France.

Ukrajini, Francuskoj.

And they look pretty similar, right?

Izgledaju dosta slično, zar ne?

But remember, we are in the top.

Ali, setite se, nalazimo se u vrhu.

So what about checking all the toilets?

Da proverimo sve toalete?

Now it looks a bit different, doesn't it?

Sad izgleda malo drugačije, zar ne?

So this way we can visually browse through categories of imagery,

Ovako možemo da vizuelno prolazimo kroz kategorije slika,

using photos as data.

koristeći fotografije kao podatke.

But not everything works as a photo.

Ali, ne funkcioniše sve kao fotografija.

Sometimes it's easier to understand what people do,

Nekada je lakše razumeti šta ljudi rade,

so we also do video snippets of everyday activities,

pa zato pravimo kratke snimke svakodnevnih aktivnosti,

such as washing hands, doing laundry,

kao što je pranje ruku, veša,

brushing teeth, and so on.

zuba i tako dalje.

And I'm going to show you a short snippet of tooth-brushing,

Pokazaću vam kratke snimke pranja zuba,

and we’re going to start at the top.

a počećemo od vrha.

So we see people brushing their teeth.

Vidimo kako ljudi peru zube.

Pretty interesting to see

Zanimljivo je videti

the same type of plastic toothbrush is being used in all these places

da se ista vrsta plastične četkice za zube koristi na svim ovim mestima

in the same way, right?

na isti način, zar ne?

Some are more serious than others --

Neki su ozbiljniji od drugih -

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

but still, the toothbrush is there.

ali ipak, četkica za zube je tu.

And then, coming down to this poorer end,

A zatim, kako stižemo na ovaj siromašniji kraj,

then we will see people start using sticks,

vidimo kako ljudi počinju da koriste štapiće,

and they will sometimes use their finger to brush their teeth.

a nekada koriste prste da čiste zube.

So this particular woman in Malawi,

Konkretno ova žena iz Malavija,

when she brushes her teeth,

kada pere zube,

she scrapes some mud off from her wall

izgrebe malo blata sa zida,

and she mixes it with water, and then she's brushing.

pomeša ga sa vodom i onda pere zube.

Therefore, in the Dollar Street material,

Stoga smo u materijalu za „Ulicu dolara“

we have tagged this image

označili ovu sliku

not only as her wall, which it is,

ne samo kao njen zid, što on i jeste,

but also as her toothpaste,

nego i kao njenu pastu za zube,

because that is also what she uses it for.

jer ga za to koristi.

So we can say, in the poorer end of the street,

Tako da možemo reći da ćete u siromašnijem delu ulice

you will use a stick or your finger,

koristiti štapić ili svoj prst,

you come to the middle, you will start using a toothbrush,

a kada dođete do sredine, počećete da koristite četkicu za zube,

and then you come up to the top,

a kada stignete do vrha,

and you will start using one each.

svako će početi da koristi svoju.

Pretty nice, not sharing a toothbrush with your grandma.

Baš fino, ne delite četkicu sa babom.

And you can also look at some countries.

Takođe možete pogledati pojedine zemlje.

Here, we have the income distribution within the US,

Ovde imam raspodelu dohotka u SAD-u,

most people in the middle.

gde je većina ljudi u sredini.

We have a family we visited in the richer end, the Howards.

Imamo porodicu koju smo posetili na bogatijem kraju, Hauarde.

We can see their home here.

Možemo videti njihov dom ovde.

And we also visited a family in the poorer end, down here.

Takođe smo posetili porodicu na siromašnijem kraju, ovde dole.

And then what we can do now is we can do instant comparisons

Onda možemo da vršimo brza poređenja

of things in their homes.

stvari u njihovim domovima.

Let's look in their cutlery drawer.

Pogledajmo njihovu fioku sa priborom za jelo.

So, observe the Hadleys:

Pogledajte kod Hadlija -

they have all their cutlery in a green plastic box.

celokupan pribor za jelo im je u zelenoj plastičnoj kutiji,

and they have a few different types and some of them are plastic,

imaju nekoliko različitih vrsta i jedan deo je od plastike,

while the Howards, they have this wooden drawer

dok Hauardi imaju drvenu fioku

with small wooden compartments in it

sa malim drvenim pregradama

and a section for each type of cutlery.

i odeljcima za svaku vrstu pribora za jelo.

We can add more families,

Možemo dodati još porodica

and we can see kitchen sinks,

i možemo videti sudopere

or maybe living rooms.

ili možda dnevne sobe.

Of course, we can do the same in other countries.

Naravno, možemo to isto uraditi i za druge zemlje.

So we go to China, we pick three families.

Tako odemo u Kinu i odaberemo tri porodice.

we look at their houses,

Pogledamo njihove kuće,

we can look at their sofas,

možemo pogledati njihove sofe,

we can look at their stoves.

njihove šporete.

And when you see these stoves,

Kada pogledate ove pećnice,

I think it's obvious that it's a stupid thing

mislim da je očigledno da je glupost

that usually, when we think about other countries,

to što obično, kada razmišljamo o drugim zemljama,

we think they have a certain way of doing things.

mislimo da imaju određeni način na koji obavljaju stvari.

But look at these stoves.

Ali pogledajte ove peći.

Very different, right,

Vrlo različito, zar ne,

because it depends on what income level you have,

jer od nivoa primanja koji imate zavisi

how you're going to cook your food.

kako ćete pripremati hranu.

But the cool thing is when we start comparing across countries.

Ali je zanimljivo kada počnemo da poredimo različite zemlje.

So here we have China and the US.

Tako ovde imamo Kinu i SAD.

See the big overlap between these two.

Vidite ogromno preklapanje između njih.

So we picked the two homes we have already seen in these countries,

Odabrali smo dva doma koja smo već videli u ovim zemljama,

the Wus and the Howards.

Vua i Hauarda.

Standing in their bedroom,

Kada ste u njihovoj spavaćoj sobi,

pretty hard to tell which one is China and which one is the US, right?

prilično je teško zaključiti koja je u Kini a koja u SAD-u, zar ne?

Both have brown leather sofas,

Obe imaju kožne braon sofe

and they have similar play structures.

i imaju slična igrališta.

Najverovatnije je da su oba napravljena u Kini,

Most likely both are made in China,

so, I mean, that's not very strange --

tako da, mislim, to baš i nije čudno -

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

but that is similar.

ali slično je.

We can of course go down to the other end of the street,

Naravno, možemo otići na drugi deo ulice

adding Nigeria.

i dodati Nigeriju.

So let's compare two homes in China and Nigeria.

Hajde da uporedimo dve kuće u Kini i Nigeriji.

Looking at the family photos,

Kada pogledamo porodične fotografije,

they do not look like they have a lot in common, do they?

ne izgledaju kao da imaju mnogo toga zajedničkog, je l' da?

But start seeing their ceiling.

Ali pogledajte njihovu tavanicu.

They have a plastic shield and grass.

Imaju zaštitu od plastike i travu.

They have the same kind of sofa,

Imaju istu vrstu sofe,

they store their grain in similar ways,

čuvaju žitarice na sličan način,

they're going to have fish for dinner,

imaće ribu za večeru

and they're boiling their water in identical ways.

i kuvaju vodu na identičan način.

So if we would visit any of these homes,

Ako bismo posetili neki od ovih domova,

there's a huge risk that we would say we know anything

postoji ogroman rizik da bismo rekli da znamo nešto

about the specific way you do things in China or Nigeria,

o specifičnom načinu na koji se stvari rade u Kini ili Nigeriji,

while, looking at this, it's quite obvious --

mada je, gledajući ovo, sasvim očigledno -

this is how you do things on this income level.

ovako se rade stvari na ovom nivou dohotka.

That is what you can see when you go through the imagery in Dollar Street.

Ovo možete videti kada idete kroz slike u „Ulici dolara“.

So going back to the figures,

Ako se vratimo brojkama,

the seven billion people of the world,

sedam milijardi ljudi na svetu,

now we're going to do a quick recap.

sada ćemo da obavimo kratak pregled.

We're going to look at comparisons of things in the poorest group:

Pogledaćemo poređenja stvari u najsiromašnijoj grupi:

beds,

kreveti,

roofs,

krovovi,

cooking.

kuvanje.

And observe, in all these comparisons,

Primetite, u svim ovim poređenjima,

their homes are chosen

njihovi domovi su odabrani

so they are in completely different places of the world.

tako da se nalaze u sasvim različitim delovima sveta,

But what we see is pretty identical.

ali ono što vidimo je prilično istovetno.

So the poorest billion cooking

Tako bi kuvanje kod najsiromašnije milijarde

would look somewhat the same in these two places;

izgledalo donekle isto na ova dva mesta -

you might not have shoes;

možda ne biste imali cipele;

eating, if you don't have a spoon;

kada jedete, ne biste imali kašiku;

storing salt would be similar whether you're in Asia or in Africa;

čuvanje soli bi bilo slično bilo da ste u Aziji ili u Africi,

and going to the toilet would be pretty much the same experience

a odlazak u toalet bi bio poprilično isto iskustvo

whether you're in Nigeria or Nepal.

bilo da ste u Nigeriji ili u Nepalu.

In the middle, we have a huge group of five billion,

U sredini imamo ogromnu grupu od pet milijardi,

but here we can see you will have electric light, most likely;

ali ovde možete videti da ćete imati električno svetlo, najverovatnije;

you will no longer sleep on the floor;

više nećete spavati na podu;

you will store your salt in a container;

držaćete so u posudi;

you will have more than one spoon;

imaćete više od jedne kašike;

you will have more than one pen;

imaćete više od jedne olovke;

the ceiling is no longer leaking that much;

plafon više ne curi toliko;

you will have shoes;

imaćete cipele;

you might have a phone,

možda ćete imati telefon,

toys,

igračke

and produce waste.

i proizvodićete smeće.

Coming to our group up here,

Stižemo u našu grupu ovde.

similar shoes, Jordan, US.

Slične cipele u Jordanu i SAD-u.

We have sofas, fruits, hairbrushes,

Imamo sofe, voće, četke za kosu,

bookshelves,

police za knjige,

toilet paper in Tanzania, Palestine,

toalet papir u Tanzaniji, Palestini;

hard to distinguish

teško je ustanoviti

if we would sit in US, Palestine or Tanzania from this one.

da li smo u SAD-u, Palestini ili u Tanzaniji na osnovu ove slike.

Vietnam, Kenya:

Vijetnam, Kenija:

wardrobes, lamps, black dogs, floors, soap,

ormari, osvetljenja, crni psi, podovi, sapun,

laundry, clocks, computers,

veš, satovi, kompjuteri,

phones, and so on, right?

telefoni i tako dalje.

So we have a lot of similarities all over the world,

Imamo dosta sličnosti po celom svetu,

and the images we see in the media,

a prizori koje vidimo u medijima

they show us the world is a very, very strange place.

pokazuju nam da je svet veoma čudno mesto.

But when we look at the Dollar Street images,

Ali kada pogledamo slike sa „Ulice dolara“,

they do not look like that.

ne izgledaju tako.

So using Dollar Street,

Koristeći „Ulicu dolara“

we can use photos as data,

možemo koristiti fotografije kao podatke,

and country stereotypes --

i stereotipi o državama

they simply fall apart.

prosto nestaju.

So the person staring back at us from the other side of the world

Dakle, osoba koja gleda u nas sa druge strane sveta

actually looks quite a lot like you.

zapravo dosta liči na vas.

And that implies both a call to action

A to u sebi ujedno sadrži poziv na akciju

and a reason for hope.

i razlog za nadu.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)