The future of money | Neha Narula

403,794 views ・ 2016-10-03

TED


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

Prevodilac: Ivana Krivokuća Lektor: Tijana Mihajlović
00:12
I want to tell you about the future of money.
0
12682
3039
Želim da vam govorim o budućnosti novca.
00:16
Let's start with a story about this culture
1
16467
2597
Započnimo pričom o kulturi
00:19
that lived in Micronesia in the early 1900s, called the Yap.
2
19088
4188
koja je živela u Mikroneziji početkom 20. veka, po imenu Jap.
00:23
Now, I want to tell you about the Yap
3
23300
1783
Htela bih da vam govorim o Japima
jer je njihov oblik novca veoma zanimljiv.
00:25
because their form of money is really interesting.
4
25107
2866
00:27
They use these limestone discs called Rai stones.
5
27997
3638
Koriste krečnjačke diskove koji se zovu kamenje rai.
00:31
Now, the Yap don't actually move these Rai stones around
6
31659
3727
Japi zapravo ne nose to kamenje rai unaokolo
00:35
or exchange them the way we do with our coins,
7
35410
2797
niti ih razmenjuju na način na koji mi to činimo sa novčićima,
00:38
because Rai stones can get to be pretty massive.
8
38231
3465
jer kamenje rai može biti prilično krupno.
00:41
The largest is about four tons and 12 feet across.
9
41720
4328
Najveći ima oko četiri tone i prečnik od oko 3,6 metara.
00:46
So the Yap just keep track of who owns part of what stone.
10
46072
5081
Tako Japi samo prate ko poseduje koji deo kog kamena.
00:52
There's a story about these sailors
11
52051
2087
Postoji priča o mornarima
00:54
that were transporting a stone across the ocean
12
54162
2656
koji su prevozili kamen preko okena
00:56
when they ran into some trouble and the stone actually fell in.
13
56842
3826
kada su upali u neku nevolju i kamen je upao.
01:01
The sailors got back to the main island
14
61574
2322
Mornari su se vratili na glavno ostrvo
01:03
and they told everyone what had happened.
15
63920
2257
i rekli svima šta se dogodilo.
01:06
And everyone decided that, actually, yes,
16
66201
2749
Svi su odlučili da zapravo, da,
01:08
the sailors had the stone and -- why not? -- it still counted.
17
68974
4374
mornari su imali kamen i - zašto da ne - on još važi.
01:13
Even though it was at the bottom of the ocean,
18
73372
2194
Iako je bio na dnu okeana,
01:15
it was still part of the Yap economy.
19
75590
2155
i dalje je bio deo ekonomije Japa.
01:18
You might think that this was just a small culture
20
78573
3169
Možda mislite da je to bila samo mala kultura pre sto godina.
01:21
a hundred years ago.
21
81766
1368
01:23
But things like this happen in the Western world as well,
22
83158
3148
Međutim, ovakve stvari se dešavaju i u zapadnom svetu,
01:26
and the Yap actually still use a form of these stones.
23
86330
3359
a Japi zapravo i dalje koriste neki oblik ovog kamenja.
01:30
In 1932, the Bank of France asked the United States
24
90360
4428
Godine 1932, Francuska banka je zatražila od Sjedinjenih Država
01:34
to convert their holdings from dollars into gold.
25
94812
3564
da pretvore ono što poseduju iz dolara u zlato.
01:38
But it was too inconvenient to think about actually shipping
26
98749
3345
Međutim, bilo je previše nezgodno da bi pomišljali na prevoz
01:42
all of that gold over to Europe.
27
102118
1929
celokupnog tog zlata u Evropu.
01:44
So instead, someone went to where that gold was being stored
28
104071
3833
Umesto toga, neko je otišao tamo gde se to zlato čuvalo
01:47
and they just labeled it as belonging to France now.
29
107928
4054
i samo su obeležili da sada pripada Francuskoj.
01:52
And everyone agreed that France owned the gold.
30
112006
3468
Svi su se složili da je Francuska vlasnik tog zlata.
01:55
It's just like those Rai stones.
31
115843
1982
To je baš kao i sa kamenjem rai.
01:58
The point I want to make with these two examples
32
118517
2321
Poenta koju želim da naglasim pomoću ova dva primera
02:00
is that there's nothing inherently valuable
33
120862
3388
jeste da ne postoji suštinska vrednost
02:04
about a dollar or a stone or a coin.
34
124274
3361
vezana za dolar, kamen ili novčić.
02:08
The only reason these things have any value
35
128090
2692
Jedini razlog zbog kojeg te stvari imaju bilo kakvu vrednost
02:10
is because we've all decided they should.
36
130806
2568
je zato što smo svi odlučili da treba da je imaju.
02:13
And because we've decided that,
37
133398
1829
Zato što smo to odlučili,
02:15
they do.
38
135251
1169
imaju je.
02:17
Money is about the exchanges and the transactions
39
137223
4140
Novac se svodi na razmene i transakcije
02:21
that we have with each other.
40
141387
2061
koje vršimo međusobno.
02:24
Money isn't anything objective.
41
144042
2808
Novac nije ništa objektivno.
02:26
It's about a collective story that we tell each other about value.
42
146874
4397
Radi se o kolektivnoj priči o vrednosti koju pričamo jedni drugima,
02:32
A collective fiction.
43
152101
1381
o kolektivnoj fikciji.
02:34
And that's a really powerful concept.
44
154170
2883
To je veoma moćan koncept.
02:38
In the past two decades,
45
158059
1467
Tokom protekle dve decenije,
02:39
we've begun to use digital money.
46
159550
2269
počeli smo da koristimo digitalni novac.
02:41
So I get paid via direct deposit,
47
161843
2673
Tako ja primam novac putem direktnog depozita,
02:44
I pay my rent via bank transfer,
48
164540
2483
plaćam kiriju preko bankovnog transfera.
02:47
I pay my taxes online.
49
167047
1944
Plaćam poreze onlajn,
02:49
And every month,
50
169015
1152
a svakog meseca,
02:50
a small amount of money is deducted from my paycheck
51
170191
2765
mali iznos novca se odbija od moje plate
02:52
and invested in mutual funds in my retirement account.
52
172980
2967
i ulaže se u investicione fondove na mom penzijskom računu.
02:57
All of these interactions
53
177120
1509
Sve te interakcije
02:58
are literally just changing 1's and 0's on computers.
54
178653
4058
bukvalno samo menjaju jedinice i nule na kompjuterima.
03:02
There's not even anything physical, like a stone or a coin.
55
182735
4374
Čak ne postoji ni nešto fizičko poput kamena ili novčića.
03:08
Digital money makes it so that I can pay someone around the world
56
188320
3283
Digitalni novac omogućava da mogu da platim nekome širom sveta
03:11
in seconds.
57
191627
1381
u roku od nekoliko sekundi.
03:13
Now when this works,
58
193901
1591
Kada ovo funkcioniše,
03:15
it's because there are large institutions underwriting every 1 or 0
59
195516
4845
to je zato što postoje velike institucije
koje daju garancije za svaku jedinicu ili nulu koja se promeni na kompjuteru.
03:20
that changes on a computer.
60
200385
1929
03:22
And when it doesn't,
61
202338
1165
A kada ne funkcioniše,
03:23
it's often the fault of those large institutions.
62
203527
2398
to je često krivicom tih velikih institucija
03:25
Or at least, it's up to them to fix the problem.
63
205949
2943
ili je, u najmanju ruku, na njima da reše problem.
03:28
And a lot of times, they don't.
64
208916
1560
A mnogo puta ga ne reše.
03:30
There's a lot of friction in the system.
65
210862
2169
Postoji mnogo otpora u sistemu.
03:33
How long did it take the US credit card companies
66
213938
2875
Koliko je dugo trebalo kompanijama za kreditne kartice u SAD-u
03:36
to implement chip and pin?
67
216837
1576
da sprovedu čipove i PIN brojeve?
03:38
Half my credit cards still don't work in Europe.
68
218908
3106
Polovina mojih kreditnih kartica i dalje ne funkcioniše u Evropi.
03:42
That's friction.
69
222739
1197
To je otpor.
03:44
Transferring money across borders and across currencies
70
224580
3892
Prenos novca preko granica i u različitim valutama
03:48
is really expensive:
71
228496
1644
je veoma skupo -
03:50
friction.
72
230807
1461
otpor.
03:52
An entrepreneur in India can set up an online business in minutes,
73
232292
4923
Preduzetnica u Indiji može da pokrene onlajn posao za nekoliko minuta,
03:57
but it's hard for her to get loans and to get paid:
74
237239
3529
ali joj je teško da dobije kredit i da prima uplate -
04:01
friction.
75
241512
1154
otpor.
04:03
Our access to digital money and our ability to freely transact
76
243701
4844
Naš pristup digitalnom novcu i sposobnost da slobodno vršimo transakcije
04:08
is being held captive by these gatekeepers.
77
248569
2943
ovi čuvari drže u zarobljeništvu.
04:11
And there's a lot of impediments in the system slowing things down.
78
251536
3816
Postoji mnogo prepreka u sistemu koje usporavaju stvari.
04:16
That's because digital money isn't really mine,
79
256498
3542
To je zato što digitalni novac nije zaista moj;
04:20
it's entries in databases that belong to my bank,
80
260064
3574
to su unosi u baze podataka koje pripadaju mojoj banci,
04:23
my credit card company or my investment firm.
81
263662
3153
mojoj kompaniji za kreditnu karticu ili mojoj investicionoj firmi,
04:26
And these companies have the right to say "no."
82
266839
3364
a te kompanije imaju pravo da odbiju.
04:30
If I'm a PayPal merchant
83
270856
1792
Ako trgujem putem Pejpala
04:32
and PayPal wrongly flags me for fraud,
84
272672
4471
i Pejpal nepravedno označi da sam počinila proneveru,
04:37
that's it.
85
277167
1156
to je to.
04:38
My account gets frozen, and I can't get paid.
86
278347
3287
Moj račun postaje zamrznut i ne mogu da primam uplate.
04:44
These institutions are standing in the way of innovation.
87
284789
4048
Te institucije stoje na putu inovacije.
04:49
How many of you use Facebook photos, Google Photos,
88
289946
4400
Koliko vas koristi slike na Fejsbuku, Gugl slike,
04:54
Instagram?
89
294370
1583
Instagram?
04:55
My photos are everywhere.
90
295977
2346
Moje slike su svuda.
04:58
They are on my phone, they're on my laptop,
91
298347
2485
Ima ih na mom telefonu, na mom laptopu,
05:00
they're on my old phone, they're in Dropbox.
92
300856
2516
na mom starom telefonu, u Dropboksu.
05:03
They're on all these different websites and services.
93
303396
2832
Nalaze se na svim tim različitim veb-sajtovima i uslugama.
05:06
And most of these services don't work together.
94
306252
3904
Većina tih usluga ne sarađuje međusobno.
05:10
They don't inter-operate.
95
310816
1504
Ne posluju jedna sa drugom.
05:13
And as a result,
96
313538
1493
Kao rezultat,
05:15
my photo library is a mess.
97
315055
2210
moja kolekcija fotografija je u haosu.
05:18
The same thing happens
98
318469
1742
Ista stvar se desi
05:20
when institutions control the money supply.
99
320235
2959
kada institucije kontrolišu zalihe novca.
05:23
A lot of these services don't inter-operate,
100
323962
2735
Dosta ovih usluga ne posluje međusobno
05:26
and as a result, this blocks what we can do with payment.
101
326721
3440
i kao rezultat, to blokira ono što možemo uraditi sa plaćanjem.
05:30
And it makes transaction costs go up.
102
330185
2550
To takođe povećava troškove transakcije.
05:33
So far, we've been through two phases of money.
103
333723
3302
Do sada smo prošli kroz dve faze novca.
05:37
In an analog world, we had to deal with these physical objects,
104
337952
3964
U analognom svetu, morali smo da se bavimo ovim fizičkim predmetima
05:41
and money moved at a certain speed -- the speed of humans.
105
341940
3879
i novac se kretao određenom brzinom - ljudskom brzinom.
05:46
In a digital world, money can reach much farther and is much faster,
106
346896
4869
U digitalnom svetu, novac može mnogo dalje i brže da stigne,
05:51
but we're at the mercy of these gatekeeper institutions.
107
351789
3030
ali smo u milosti tih institucija koje kontrolišu pristup.
05:55
Money only moves at the speed of banks.
108
355222
2988
Novac se pokreće samo brzinom banaka.
Nadomak smo ulaženja u novu fazu novca.
06:00
We're about to enter a new phase of money.
109
360008
2554
06:03
The future of money is programmable.
110
363158
2710
Budućnost novca se može programirati.
06:07
When we combine software and currency,
111
367034
3427
Kada kombinujemo softver i valutu,
06:10
money becomes more than just a static unit of value,
112
370485
3777
novac postaje više od samo statične jedinice vrednosti
06:14
and we don't have to rely on institutions for security.
113
374286
3190
i ne moramo se oslanjati na institucije zbog bezbednosti.
06:18
In a programmable world,
114
378176
1529
U svetu koji se može programirati,
06:19
we remove humans and institutions from the loop.
115
379729
3934
uklanjamo ljude i institucije iz ciklusa.
06:24
And when this happens,
116
384610
1359
Kada se to dogodi,
06:25
we won't even feel like we're transacting anymore.
117
385993
2692
nećemo više čak ni imati osećaj da vršimo transakcije.
06:29
Money will be directed by software,
118
389683
2274
Novcem će upravljati softver
06:31
and it will just safely and securely flow.
119
391981
2868
i samo će bezbedno i sigurno proticati.
06:36
Cryptocurrencies are the first step of this evolution.
120
396828
3139
Kriptovalute su prvi korak ove evolucije.
06:40
Cryptocurrencies are digital money
121
400787
1655
Kriptovalute su digitalni novac
06:42
that isn't run by any government or bank.
122
402466
2868
kojim ne upravlja nikakva vlada niti banka.
06:45
It's money designed to work in a world without intermediaries.
123
405358
4061
To je novac koji je predviđen da funkcioniše u svetu bez posrednika.
06:50
Bitcoin is the most ubiquitous cryptocurrency,
124
410153
3033
Bitkoin je najprisutnija kriptovaluta,
06:53
but there are hundreds of them.
125
413210
1697
ali postoje njih stotine.
06:54
There's Ethereum, Litecoin, Stellar, Dogecoin,
126
414931
3477
Tu su itirijum, lajtkoin, stelar, dodžkoin,
06:58
and those are just a few of the more popular ones.
127
418432
2546
a to je samo nekoliko najpopularnijih.
07:01
And these things are real money.
128
421408
2601
To je stvaran novac.
07:04
The sushi restaurant down my street
129
424507
1855
Suši restoran na kraju moje ulice
07:06
takes Bitcoin.
130
426386
1155
prima bitkoin.
07:07
I have an app on my phone that I can use to buy sashimi.
131
427966
4125
Imam aplikaciju na telefonu koju mogu koristiti da kupim sašimi.
07:13
But it's not just for small transactions.
132
433009
2420
Međutim, nije samo za male transakcije.
07:15
In March, there was a transaction that moved around 100,000 bitcoins.
133
435453
4829
U martu je izvršena transakcija koja je izmestila oko 100 000 bitkoina.
07:20
That's the equivalent of 40 million US dollars.
134
440719
2992
To je jednake vrednosti kao 40 miliona američkih dolara.
07:25
Cryptocurrencies are based on a special field of mathematics
135
445445
3531
Kriptovalute se zasnivaju na posebnom polju matematike
07:29
called cryptography.
136
449000
1383
koje se zove kriptografija.
07:31
Cryptography is the study of how to secure communication,
137
451023
3771
Kriptografija je proučavanje načina na koji obezbeđujemo komunikaciju
07:34
and it's about two really important things:
138
454818
2699
i odnosi se na dve zaista važne stvari -
07:37
masking information so it can be hidden in plain sight,
139
457541
3578
maskiranje informacija tako da se mogu sakriti na vidnom mestu
07:41
and verifying a piece of information's source.
140
461143
3227
i proveru dela izvora informacije.
07:45
Cryptography underpins so many of the systems around us.
141
465154
4209
Kriptografija podržava toliko sistema oko nas.
07:49
And it's so powerful that at times
142
469387
2526
Toliko je moćna da ju je u nekim trenucima
07:51
the US government has actually classified it as a weapon.
143
471937
3652
vlada SAD-a klasifikovala kao oružje.
07:56
During World War II, breaking cryptosystems like Enigma
144
476591
4477
Za vreme Drugog svetskog rata,
provaljivanje kriptosistema kao što je Enigma
08:01
was critical to decoding enemy transmissions
145
481092
3304
bilo je kritično za dekodiranje neprijateljske razmene
08:04
and turning the tide of the war.
146
484420
1904
i preokretanje toka rata.
08:07
Today, anyone with a modern web browser is running
147
487118
3294
Danas, svako ko ima savremeni pretraživač interneta
upravlja prilično složenim kriptosistemom.
08:10
a pretty sophisticated cryptosystem.
148
490436
2062
08:13
It's what we use to secure our interactions on the Internet.
149
493030
3961
To je ono što koristimo da bismo osigurali naše interakcije na internetu.
08:17
It's what makes it safe for us to type our passwords in
150
497015
3161
To je ono zbog čega je za nas bezbedno da unesemo svoju šifru
08:20
and to send financial information to websites.
151
500200
2691
i da veb-sajtovima šaljemo finansijske informacije.
08:23
So what the banks used to give us --
152
503322
2827
Tako ono što su nam banke nekad davale -
08:26
trustworthy digital money transfer --
153
506173
2220
pouzdan digitalni prenos novca -
08:28
we can now get with a clever application of cryptography.
154
508417
4218
sada možemo dobiti pametnom primenom kriptografije.
08:33
And this means that we don't have to rely on the banks anymore
155
513202
2907
To znači da više ne moramo da se oslanjamo na banke
da bismo osigurali svoje transakcije.
08:36
to secure our transactions.
156
516133
1631
08:38
We can do it ourselves.
157
518248
1829
To možemo da uradimo sami.
08:40
Bitcoin is based on the very same idea that the Yap used,
158
520857
4739
Bitkoin se zasniva na istoj ideji koju Japi koriste,
08:45
this collective global knowledge of transfers.
159
525620
3302
na kolektivnom globalnom saznanju o transferima.
08:49
In Bitcoin, I spend by transferring Bitcoin,
160
529852
3612
Kod bitkoina trošim tako što prebacujem bitkoin,
08:53
and I get paid when someone transfers Bitcoin to me.
161
533488
3171
a primam uplatu kada neko meni prebaci bitkoin.
08:58
Imagine that we had this magic paper.
162
538313
2755
Zamislite da imamo čarobni papir.
09:01
So the way that this paper works is I can give you a sheet of it
163
541711
3588
Taj papir funkcioniše tako da,
ako da vam dam jedan list i napišete nešto na njemu,
09:05
and if you write something on it,
164
545323
1730
09:07
it will magically appear on my piece as well.
165
547077
2623
to će se magično pojaviti i na mom papiru.
09:10
Let's say we just give everyone this paper
166
550721
2846
Recimo da svima damo taj papir
09:13
and everyone writes down the transfers that they're doing
167
553591
3828
i svako zapiše transfere koje izvrše
09:17
in the Bitcoin system.
168
557443
1456
u sistemu bitkoina.
09:19
All of these transfers get copied around to everyone else's pieces of paper.
169
559688
3946
Svi ti transferi se kopiraju na svačiji papir.
09:23
And I can look at mine
170
563658
2018
Mogu da pogledam svoj papir
09:25
and I'll have a list of all of the transfers that are happening
171
565700
3525
i imaću spisak svih transfera
koji se dešavaju u čitavoj ekonomiji bitkoina.
09:29
in the entire Bitcoin economy.
172
569249
1889
09:31
This is actually what's happening with the Bitcoin blockchain,
173
571779
3562
To je zapravo ono što se dešava sa blokčejnom bitkoina,
09:35
which is a list of all of the transactions in Bitcoin.
174
575365
3796
a to je spisak svih transakcija bitkoina,
09:39
Except, it's not done through paper.
175
579185
2814
samo što se ne vrše preko papira.
09:42
It's done through computer code,
176
582023
1696
Sprovode se putem kompjuterskog koda
09:43
running on thousands of networked computers
177
583743
2663
koji cirkuliše na hiljadama umreženih kompjutera širom sveta.
09:46
around the world.
178
586430
1208
09:49
All of these computers are collectively confirming
179
589235
3744
Svi ti kompjuteri kolektivno potvrđuju
09:53
who owns what Bitcoin.
180
593003
1884
ko poseduje koji bitkoin.
09:54
So the Bitcoin blockchain is core to how Bitcoin works.
181
594911
3413
Tako je bitkoinov blokčejn u srži načina na koji bitkoin funkcioniše.
09:58
But where do bitcoins actually come from?
182
598348
2905
Međutim, odakle bitkoini zapravo potiču?
10:01
Well, the code is designed to create new Bitcoin
183
601930
3860
Pa, kod je osmišljen tako da stvara novi bitkon
10:05
according to a schedule.
184
605814
1297
u skladu sa rasporedom.
10:07
And the way that it works is that to get those Bitcoin,
185
607680
3416
To funkcioniše na taj način što, da bih dobila te bitkoine,
10:11
I have to solve a puzzle -- a random cryptographic puzzle.
186
611120
4786
moram da rešim zagonetku - nasumičnu kriptografsku zagonetku.
10:17
Imagine that we had 15 dice,
187
617069
2411
Zamislite da imamo 15 kockica
10:19
and we were throwing these dice over and over again.
188
619504
2613
i da ih stalno iznova bacamo.
10:22
Whenever the dice come up all sixes,
189
622603
2432
Kad god na svim kockicama budu šestice,
10:25
we say that we win.
190
625059
1215
kažemo da smo pobedili.
10:27
This is very close to what these computers are all actually doing.
191
627095
3876
To je vrlo slično onome što ovi kompjuteri zapravo rade.
10:30
They're trying over and over again to land on the right number.
192
630995
3248
Stalno iznova pokušavaju da dođu do pravog broja.
10:34
And when they do,
193
634686
1357
Kada se to desi,
10:36
we say that they've solved the puzzle.
194
636067
2201
kažemo da su rešili zagonetku.
10:39
The computer that solves the puzzle
195
639559
2440
Kompjuter koji reši zagonetku
10:42
publishes its solution to the rest of the network
196
642023
2918
objavljuje svoje rešenje ostatku mreže
10:44
and collects its reward: new bitcoins.
197
644965
2927
i prikuplja svoju nagradu, nove bitkoine.
10:48
And in the act of solving this puzzle,
198
648750
2234
U činu rešavanja ove zagonetke,
10:51
these computers are actually helping to secure the Bitcoin blockchain
199
651008
4076
ovi kompjuteri zapravo pomažu da se osigura bitkoinov blokčejn
10:55
and add to the list of transactions.
200
655108
2081
i pridodaju spisku transakcija.
10:57
There are actually people all over the world running this software,
201
657866
5617
Postoje ljudi širom sveta koji upravljaju ovim softverom,
11:03
and we call them Bitcoin miners.
202
663507
2073
a zovemo ih rudari bitkoina.
11:06
Anyone can become a Bitcoin miner.
203
666438
2736
Svako može postati rudar bitkoina.
11:09
You can go download the software right now
204
669626
2791
Možete sada skinuti softver,
11:12
and run it in your computer and try to collect some bitcoins.
205
672441
3365
pokrenuti ga na kompjuteru i pokušati da sakupite bitkoine.
11:16
I can't say that I would recommend it,
206
676400
1844
Ne mogu reći da bih to preporučila,
11:18
because right now, the puzzle is so hard and the network is so powerful,
207
678268
5101
jer je zagonetka u ovom trenutku tako teška i mreža je tako jaka,
11:23
that if I tried to mine Bitcoin on my laptop,
208
683393
2929
da ako bih pokušala da kopam bitkoine na svom laptopu,
11:26
I probably wouldn't see any for about two million years.
209
686346
3308
verovatno ne bih našla nijedan jedno dva miliona godina.
11:30
The miners, professional miners, use this special hardware
210
690396
4247
Profesionalni rudari koriste specijalni hardver
11:34
that's designed to solve the puzzle really fast.
211
694667
2735
koji je osmišljen da veoma brzo reši zagonetku.
11:37
Now, the Bitcoin network and all of this special hardware,
212
697976
3842
Za mrežu bitkoina i sav taj specijalni hardver
11:41
there are estimates that the amount of energy it uses
213
701842
3035
postoje procene da koriste količinu energiju
11:44
is equivalent to that of a small country.
214
704901
2367
koja je jednaka energiji koju troši manja država.
11:48
So, the first set of cryptocurrencies
215
708252
2500
Dakle, prva grupa kriptovaluta
11:50
are a little bit slow and a little bit cumbersome.
216
710776
2974
je malo spora i malo glomazna.
11:54
But the next generation is going to be so much better and so much faster.
217
714331
4389
Međutim, sledeća generacija će biti toliko bolja i brža.
11:58
Cryptocurrencies are the first step
218
718744
2405
Kriptovalute su prvi korak
12:01
to a world with a global programmable money.
219
721173
3460
ka svetu sa globalnim novcem koji se može programirati.
12:05
And in a world with programmable money,
220
725634
2085
A u svetu sa novcem koji se može programirati,
12:08
I can pay anyone else securely
221
728431
3527
mogu bilo kome bezbedno platiti
12:11
without having to sign up or ask permission,
222
731982
3573
a da ne moram da se prijavim, da tražim dozvolu,
12:15
or do a conversion or worry about my money getting stuck.
223
735579
3819
da vršim konverziju ili da brinem da će mi se novac zaglaviti.
12:20
And I can send money around the world.
224
740428
2594
Mogu i da šaljem novac širom sveta.
12:23
This is a really amazing thing.
225
743482
2399
Ovo je zaista neverovatno.
12:26
It's the idea of permission-less innovation.
226
746231
3309
Radi se o ideji o inovacijama bez davanja dozvole.
12:31
The Internet caused an explosion of innovation,
227
751447
3724
Internet je doveo do naglog porasta inovacija,
12:35
because it was built upon an open architecture.
228
755195
3459
jer je izgrađen na otvorenoj arhitekturi.
12:39
And just like the Internet changed the way we communicate,
229
759286
3025
Baš kao što je internet promenio način na koji komuniciramo,
12:43
programmable money is going to change the way we pay,
230
763104
3276
novac koji se programira će promeniti način na koji plaćamo,
12:46
allocate and decide on value.
231
766404
2574
dodeljujemo i odlučujemo o vrednosti.
12:49
So what kind of world does programmable money create?
232
769716
2498
Kakvu vrstu sveta stvara novac koji se može programirati?
12:52
Imagine a world where I can rent out my healthcare data
233
772238
4216
Zamislite svet u kome mogu da iznajmim svoje zdravstvene podatke
12:56
to a pharmaceutical company.
234
776478
1570
farmaceutskoj kompaniji.
12:59
They can run large-scale data analysis
235
779063
2505
Oni mogu da izvrše obimnu analizu podataka
13:01
and provide me with a cryptographic proof
236
781592
2372
i pruže mi kriptografski dokaz
13:03
that shows they're only using my data in a way that we agreed.
237
783988
4126
koji pokazuje da koriste moje podatke samo na dogovoreni način.
13:08
And they can pay me for what they find out.
238
788138
2248
Mogu i da mi plate za ono što otkriju.
13:11
Instead of signing up for streaming services
239
791529
2709
Umesto prijavljivanja za usluge strimovanja
13:14
and getting a cable bill,
240
794262
1569
i dobijanja računa za kablovsku,
13:15
what if my television analyzed my watching habits
241
795855
3006
šta ako bi moj televizor analizirao moje navike gledanja
13:18
and recommended well-priced content that fit within my budget
242
798885
3672
i preporučivao sadržaj po dobroj ceni koji se uklapa u moj budžet,
13:22
that I would enjoy?
243
802581
1199
a u kome bih uživala?
13:24
Imagine an Internet without ads,
244
804604
2866
Zamislite internet bez reklama,
13:27
because instead of paying with our attention when we view content,
245
807494
4007
jer umesto da platimo svojom pažnjom kada gledamo sadržaj,
13:31
we just pay.
246
811525
1296
jednostavno platimo.
13:33
Interestingly, things like micro-payments
247
813831
2311
Zanimljivo je da će stvari poput mikroplaćanja
13:36
are actually going to change the way security works in our world,
248
816166
3155
promeniti način na koji bezbednost funkcioniše u našem svetu,
13:39
because once we're better able to allocate value,
249
819345
2695
jer kada budemo bili veštiji u pridavanju vrednosti,
13:42
people will use their money and their energies
250
822064
3024
ljudi će koristiti svoj novac i energiju
13:45
for more constructive things.
251
825112
2178
za konstruktivnije stvari.
13:47
If it cost a fraction of a cent to send an email,
252
827727
2589
Kada bi slanje imejla koštalo delić centa,
13:50
would we still have spam?
253
830340
1462
da li bismo i dalje imali nepoželjne poruke?
13:52
We're not at this world yet,
254
832674
2203
Nismo još u tom svetu,
13:54
but it's coming.
255
834901
1457
ali on dolazi.
13:56
Right now, it's like we're in a world that is seeing the first automobile.
256
836382
4337
Sada je kao da smo u svetu koji vidi prvi automobil.
14:01
The first cryptocurrency, like the first car,
257
841579
2985
Prva kriptovaluta, kao prvi auto,
14:05
is slow and hard to understand and hard to use.
258
845533
3727
je spora, teška za razumevanje i za korišćenje.
14:10
Digital money, like the horse and carriage,
259
850095
2546
Digitalni novac, kao konj i kočija,
14:12
works pretty well,
260
852665
1530
funkcioniše prilično dobro,
14:14
and the whole world economy is built on it.
261
854219
3045
i celokupni svet ekonomije izgrađen je na njemu.
14:18
If you were the first person on your block
262
858386
2074
Kada biste bili prva osoba u ulici
14:20
to get a car with an internal combustion engine,
263
860484
2771
koja je nabavila auto sa motorom sa unutrašnjim sagorevanjem,
14:23
your neighbors would probably think you were crazy:
264
863279
2498
vaše komšije bi verovatno pomislile da ste ludi:
14:26
"Why would you want this large, clunky machine
265
866321
2473
„Zašto bi hteo ovu veliku, nezgrapnu mašinu
14:28
that breaks down all the time, that lights on fire,
266
868818
2905
koja se stalno kvari i zapali se,
14:31
and is still slower than a horse?"
267
871747
2337
a i dalje je sporija od konja?“
14:34
But we all know how that story turns out.
268
874928
2211
No, svi znamo kako se ta priča završava.
14:38
We're entering a new era of programmable money.
269
878431
3570
Ulazimo u novo doba novca koji se programira.
14:42
And it's very exciting, but it's also a little bit scary.
270
882025
3051
To je veoma uzbudljivo, ali i pomalo zastrašujuće.
14:46
Cryptocurrencies can be used for illegal transactions,
271
886691
3514
Kriptovalute se mogu koristiti za nezakonite transakcije,
14:50
just like cash is used for crime in the world today.
272
890229
3245
baš kao što se gotovina koristi za kriminal u današnjem svetu.
14:54
When all of our transactions are online,
273
894497
2478
Kada su sve naše transakcije onlajn,
14:56
what does that mean for surveillance -- who can see what we do?
274
896999
3319
šta to znači za nadgledanje - ko može da vidi šta radimo?
15:02
Who's advantaged in this new world and who isn't?
275
902115
3087
Ko ima prednosti u tom novom svetu, a ko ne?
15:05
Will I have to start to pay for things that I didn't have to pay for before?
276
905226
3674
Da li ću morati da počnem da plaćam stvari za koje ranije nisam plaćala?
15:09
Will we all become slaves to algorithms and utility functions?
277
909372
3887
Hoćemo li svi postati robovi algoritama i funkcija korisnosti?
15:15
All new technology comes with trade-offs.
278
915114
2404
Svaka nova tehnologija nastupa uz kompromise.
15:18
The Internet brought us a lot of ways to waste time.
279
918012
3889
Internet nam je doneo mnogo načina za traćenje vremena,
15:22
But it also greatly increased productivity.
280
922375
2721
ali je takođe znatno uvećao produktivnost.
15:25
Mobile phones are annoying
281
925731
1506
Mobilni telefoni su iritantni jer čine da se osećam
15:27
because they make me feel like I have to stay connected to work
282
927261
2984
kao da stalno moram da budem vezana za posao,
15:30
all the time.
283
930269
1155
15:31
But they also help me stay connected to friends and family.
284
931448
2826
ali mi i pomažu da ostanem u vezi sa prijateljima i porodicom.
15:35
The new sharing economy is going to eliminate some jobs.
285
935274
4344
Nova ekonomija deljenja će ukloniti neke poslove.
15:40
But it's also going to create new, flexible forms of employment.
286
940165
3894
Međutim, takođe će stvoriti nove, fleksibilne oblike zaposlenja.
15:44
With programmable money,
287
944601
1926
Sa novcem koji se programira,
15:46
we decouple the need for large, trusted institutions
288
946551
4952
razdvajamo potrebu za velikim, pouzdanim institucijama
15:51
from the architecture of the network.
289
951527
2293
od arhitekture mreže,
15:54
And this pushes innovation in money out to the edges, where it belongs.
290
954570
5086
a to istiskuje novčane inovacije ka ivicama, tamo gde pripadaju.
16:00
Programmable money democratizes money.
291
960960
2814
Novac koji se može programirati demokratizuje novac.
16:04
And because of this, things are going to change and unfold
292
964461
2758
Zbog ovoga će se stvari promeniti i razvijati
16:07
in ways that we can't even predict.
293
967243
1991
na načine koje ne možemo ni predvideti.
16:10
Thank you.
294
970488
1162
Hvala.
16:11
(Applause)
295
971674
3964
(Aplauz)

Original video on YouTube.com
About this website

This site will introduce you to YouTube videos that are useful for learning English. You will see English lessons taught by top-notch teachers from around the world. Double-click on the English subtitles displayed on each video page to play the video from there. The subtitles scroll in sync with the video playback. If you have any comments or requests, please contact us using this contact form.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7