The future of money | Neha Narula

403,398 views ・ 2016-10-03

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Yangha Kim κ²€ν† : Hansol Ryu
00:12
I want to tell you about the future of money.
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돈의 λ―Έλž˜μ— κ΄€ν•΄ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦΄κ²Œμš”.
00:16
Let's start with a story about this culture
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λ¨Όμ € 1900λ…„λŒ€ 초반 λ―Έν¬λ‘œλ„€μ‹œμ•„μ— μžˆμ—ˆλ˜
00:19
that lived in Micronesia in the early 1900s, called the Yap.
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'얍'μ΄λž€ λ¬Έν™” 곡동체 μ–˜κΈ°λΆ€ν„° λ“€λ €λ“œλ¦¬μ£ .
00:23
Now, I want to tell you about the Yap
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이 곡동체 μ–˜κΈ°λ₯Ό κΊΌλ‚Έ 건
00:25
because their form of money is really interesting.
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μ–μ˜ 톡화가 μ•„μ£Ό ν₯λ―Έλ‘­κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ—μš”.
00:27
They use these limestone discs called Rai stones.
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μ–μ—μ„œλŠ” '라이석'μ΄λΌλŠ” κ±°λŒ€ν•œ μ„νšŒμ•” νŒμ„ ν™”νλ‘œ μΌκ±°λ“ μš”.
00:31
Now, the Yap don't actually move these Rai stones around
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 이 라이석을 λ“€κ³  λŒμ•„λ‹€λ‹ˆμ§„ μ•Šμ•„μš”.
00:35
or exchange them the way we do with our coins,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λˆμ„ λ‚΄λŠ” κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ λΌμ΄μ„μœΌλ‘œ κ±°λž˜ν•˜μ§€λ„ μ•Šμ£ .
00:38
because Rai stones can get to be pretty massive.
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이 돌판이 μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ ν¬κ±°λ“ μš”.
00:41
The largest is about four tons and 12 feet across.
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제일 큰 건 λ¬΄κ²Œκ°€ 4톀에 지름이 μ•½ 12ft에 λ‹¬ν•˜λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
00:46
So the Yap just keep track of who owns part of what stone.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 얍 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ λˆ„κ°€ μ–΄λ–€ 돌의 μ–΄λŠ 뢀뢄을 μ†Œμœ ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ 기둝해두죠.
00:52
There's a story about these sailors
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선원듀에 κ΄€ν•œ μ–˜κΈ°κ°€ ν•˜λ‚˜ μžˆλŠ”λ°μš”.
00:54
that were transporting a stone across the ocean
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κ·Έ 선원듀이 λŒμ„ μ‹£κ³  λ°”λ‹€λ₯Ό κ±΄λ„ˆλ˜ 쀑에
00:56
when they ran into some trouble and the stone actually fell in.
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λ­”κ°€ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ 생겨 λŒνŒμ„ 바닀에 빠뜨린 κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
01:01
The sailors got back to the main island
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이후 선원듀은 λ³Έν† λ‘œ λŒμ•„μ™€
01:03
and they told everyone what had happened.
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μ£Όλ―Όλ“€μ—κ²Œ 이 사싀을 μ•Œλ Έμ–΄μš”.
01:06
And everyone decided that, actually, yes,
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그리고 λͺ¨λ‘ ν•œ 가지 사싀에 λ™μ˜ν–ˆμ£ .
01:08
the sailors had the stone and -- why not? -- it still counted.
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선원듀은 λŒνŒμ„ 가지고 μžˆμ—ˆκ³ , μ§€κΈˆμ΄λΌκ³  아닐 μ΄μœ κ°€ λ­κ² μ–΄μš”?
01:13
Even though it was at the bottom of the ocean,
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œλŠ” λ°”λ‹€ λ°‘μœΌλ‘œ κ°€λΌμ•‰μ•˜μ§€λ§Œ,
01:15
it was still part of the Yap economy.
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κ·Έλž˜λ„ 얍에 κ·€μ†λœ 화폐라고 λ³Έ κ±°μ£ .
01:18
You might think that this was just a small culture
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이걸 λ°± λ…„μ―€ 전에 μ‘΄μž¬ν–ˆλ˜ μž‘μ€ 곡동체 μ–˜κΈ°λ‘œ
01:21
a hundred years ago.
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μΉ˜λΆ€ν•  수 μžˆκ² μ§€λ§Œ
01:23
But things like this happen in the Western world as well,
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이런 일이 μ„œκ΅¬ μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œλ„ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆμ–΄μš”.
01:26
and the Yap actually still use a form of these stones.
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그리고 μ–μ—μ„œλŠ” 아직도 이런 ν˜•νƒœμ˜ λŒμ„ ν™”νλ‘œ μ“°κ³  있죠.
01:30
In 1932, the Bank of France asked the United States
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1932년에 ν”„λž‘μŠ€ 은행이 λ―Έκ΅­ 츑에
01:34
to convert their holdings from dollars into gold.
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μžκΈ°λ„€ μžμ‚°μ„ λ‹¬λŸ¬μ—μ„œ 금으둜 λ°”κΏ” 달라고 μš”μ²­ν•œ 적이 μžˆλŠ”λ°μš”.
01:38
But it was too inconvenient to think about actually shipping
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κ·Έ λ§Žμ€ κΈˆμ„ μœ λŸ½κΉŒμ§€ 배둜 μ‹€μ–΄ λ‚˜λ₯΄λŠ” 게
01:42
all of that gold over to Europe.
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보톡 μ–΄λ €μš΄ 일이 μ•„λ‹ˆμž–μ•„μš”.
01:44
So instead, someone went to where that gold was being stored
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€ κ·Έ 금이 μžˆλŠ” μž₯μ†Œλ‘œ 파견됐고
01:47
and they just labeled it as belonging to France now.
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금 더미에 ν”„λž‘μŠ€ μ†Œμœ λΌκ³  딱지λ₯Ό λΆ™μ—¬λ†¨λ‹΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:52
And everyone agreed that France owned the gold.
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그걸둜 κ·Έ 금이 ν”„λž‘μŠ€ μ†Œμœ μΈ κ±Έ λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μΈμ •ν•œ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:55
It's just like those Rai stones.
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라이석과 λ³„λ°˜ λ‹€λ₯Ό 게 μ—†μ£ .
01:58
The point I want to make with these two examples
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이 두 가지 사둀λ₯Ό 톡해 λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬κ³  싢은 것은
02:00
is that there's nothing inherently valuable
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μ›λž˜λΆ€ν„° κ°€μΉ˜λ₯Ό μ§€λ‹Œ 물건은 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
02:04
about a dollar or a stone or a coin.
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그게 λ‹¬λŸ¬λ“ , λŒμ΄λ“ , 동전이든 κ΄€κ³„μ—†μ΄μš”.
02:08
The only reason these things have any value
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이런 물건이 κ°€μΉ˜κ°€ μžˆλŠ” μ΄μœ λŠ” 였직
02:10
is because we've all decided they should.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ°€μΉ˜λ₯Ό λΆ€μ—¬ν•˜κΈ°λ‘œ μ •ν–ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
02:13
And because we've decided that,
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κ·Έλ§Œν•œ κ°€μΉ˜κ°€ μžˆλ‹€κ³  μ •ν–ˆμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒ
02:15
they do.
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ 된 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:17
Money is about the exchanges and the transactions
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ν™”νλŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ„œλ‘œ 무언가λ₯Ό
κ΅ν™˜ν•˜κ³  κ±°λž˜ν•˜λŠ” 일에 κ΄€ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:21
that we have with each other.
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02:24
Money isn't anything objective.
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화폐가 κ·Έ 자체둜 κ°€μΉ˜ μžˆλŠ” 것은 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—μš”.
02:26
It's about a collective story that we tell each other about value.
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단지 κ·Έ κ°€μΉ˜μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ„œλ‘œ ν•©μ˜κ°€ λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλŠ” 집단적 이야기일 λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
A collective fiction.
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λ§ν•˜μžλ©΄ 집단 ν—ˆκ΅¬μ£ .
02:34
And that's a really powerful concept.
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이건 μ•„μ£Ό κ°•λ ₯ν•œ κ°œλ…μ΄μ—μš”.
02:38
In the past two decades,
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μ§€λ‚œ 20λ…„ μ „λΆ€ν„°
02:39
we've begun to use digital money.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 디지털 화폐λ₯Ό μ“°κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:41
So I get paid via direct deposit,
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μ „ 톡μž₯으둜 월급을 μž…κΈˆλ°›κ³ 
02:44
I pay my rent via bank transfer,
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μ§‘μ„ΈλŠ” κ³„μ’Œ μ΄μ²΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:47
I pay my taxes online.
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μ„ΈκΈˆλ„ 온라인으둜 λ‚΄κ³ μš”.
02:49
And every month,
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그리고 닀달이
02:50
a small amount of money is deducted from my paycheck
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제 μ›”κΈ‰μ—μ„œ μ‘°κΈˆμ”© 돈이 λΉ μ Έλ‚˜κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:52
and invested in mutual funds in my retirement account.
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κ·Έ 돈이 μƒν˜ΈκΈ°κΈˆκ³Ό ν‡΄μ§μ—°κΈˆ κ³„μ’Œλ‘œ λ“€μ–΄κ°€λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
02:57
All of these interactions
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이 λͺ¨λ“  κ±°λž˜κ°€
02:58
are literally just changing 1's and 0's on computers.
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말 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ μ»΄ν“¨ν„°μ—μ„œ 1κ³Ό 0으둜 μΉ˜ν™˜λ˜μ–΄ μ΄λ€„μ§€λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:02
There's not even anything physical, like a stone or a coin.
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λŒμ΄λ‚˜ λ™μ „μ²˜λŸΌ 손에 μž‘νžˆλŠ” 물건도 ν•„μš” μ—†μ£ .
03:08
Digital money makes it so that I can pay someone around the world
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디지털 화폐λ₯Ό μ“°λ©΄ 지ꡬ λ°˜λŒ€νŽΈμ— μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ²Œλ„
03:11
in seconds.
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λͺ‡ 초면 μ†‘κΈˆν•  수 있죠.
03:13
Now when this works,
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이게 κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ μ΄μœ λŠ”
03:15
it's because there are large institutions underwriting every 1 or 0
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κ±°λŒ€ 기관듀이 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ, 컴퓨터 μƒμ—μ„œ μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ§€λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  0κ³Ό 1의 λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό
03:20
that changes on a computer.
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λ³΄μ¦ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:22
And when it doesn't,
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κ·Έκ±Έ λͺ» ν•΄λ‚Ό κ²½μš°λŠ”
03:23
it's often the fault of those large institutions.
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ κ·Έ κ±°λŒ€ 기관듀이 무엇을 잘λͺ»ν•œ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:25
Or at least, it's up to them to fix the problem.
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μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ 적어도 κ·Έ 기관듀이 문제λ₯Ό λ°”λ‘œμž‘μ•„μ•Ό ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
03:28
And a lot of times, they don't.
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ κ·Έλƒ₯ λ„˜κΈ°κ³€ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:30
There's a lot of friction in the system.
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μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ μ•ˆμ— λ§Žμ€ 상좩이 μžˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
03:33
How long did it take the US credit card companies
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λ―Έκ΅­ μ‹ μš© μΉ΄λ“œ νšŒμ‚¬μ—μ„œ λ³΄μ•ˆ μΉ©κ³Ό λ³΄μ•ˆ μ‹λ³„λ²ˆν˜Έλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ°κΉŒμ§€
03:36
to implement chip and pin?
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μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ κ±Έλ Έλ‚˜μš”?
03:38
Half my credit cards still don't work in Europe.
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제 μΉ΄λ“œ 쀑 μ ˆλ°˜μ€ 아직도 μœ λŸ½μ—μ„œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:42
That's friction.
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이것이 μƒμΆ©μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:44
Transferring money across borders and across currencies
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 톡화λ₯Ό μ“°λŠ” ꡭ가에 μ†‘κΈˆν•˜λ €κ³  ν•˜λ©΄
03:48
is really expensive:
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정말 돈이 많이 λ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:50
friction.
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이것이 μƒμΆ©μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:52
An entrepreneur in India can set up an online business in minutes,
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인도에 μžˆλŠ” 사업가가 온라인 상에 μ°½μ—…ν•˜λŠ” 건 μˆœμ‹κ°„μ΄μ§€λ§Œ
03:57
but it's hard for her to get loans and to get paid:
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λŒ€μΆœμ„ λ°›κ±°λ‚˜ λŒ€κΈˆμ„ λ°›λŠ” 건 μƒλ‹Ήνžˆ μ–΄λ ΅μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:01
friction.
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이것도 상좩이죠.
04:03
Our access to digital money and our ability to freely transact
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디지털 ν™”νλ‘œ 자유둜이 κ±°λž˜ν•˜κ³  싢어도
04:08
is being held captive by these gatekeepers.
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이런 문지기듀이 쀑간에 버티고 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ 쉽지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:11
And there's a lot of impediments in the system slowing things down.
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κ²Œλ‹€κ°€ 거래 자체λ₯Ό λ°©ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” 각쒅 μž₯애물도 μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜μ£ .
04:16
That's because digital money isn't really mine,
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κ·Έ μ΄μœ λŠ” 개인이 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 디지털 화폐λ₯Ό κ°–λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:20
it's entries in databases that belong to my bank,
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λ‹€λ§Œ 은행과 μ‹ μš© μΉ΄λ“œ νšŒμ‚¬, 투자 νšŒμ‚¬κ°€ μ†Œμœ ν•œ
04:23
my credit card company or my investment firm.
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λ°μ΄ν„°λ² μ΄μŠ€μ˜ μΌλΆ€λ‘œ μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜μ£ .
04:26
And these companies have the right to say "no."
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그리고 이런 κΈ°κ΄€κ³Ό νšŒμ‚¬λ“€μ€ κ±°λΆ€κΆŒλ„ ν–‰μ‚¬ν•˜κ±°λ“ μš”.
04:30
If I'm a PayPal merchant
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μ œκ°€ νŽ˜μ΄νŒ”λ‘œ κ±°λž˜ν•˜λŠ”λ°
04:32
and PayPal wrongly flags me for fraud,
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νŽ˜μ΄νŒ” μΈ‘μ—μ„œ μ‹€μˆ˜λ‘œ 절 μ‚¬κΈ°κΎΌμœΌλ‘œ λΆ„λ₯˜ν•œλ‹€ 치죠.
04:37
that's it.
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그럼 그걸둜 λμ΄μ—μš”.
04:38
My account gets frozen, and I can't get paid.
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제 κ³„μ’ŒλŠ” λ™κ²°λ˜κ³  λŒ€κΈˆλ„ λͺ» λ°›μ£ .
04:44
These institutions are standing in the way of innovation.
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이 기관듀이 ν˜μ‹ μ„ λ°©ν•΄ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
04:49
How many of you use Facebook photos, Google Photos,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ 쀑 νŽ˜μ΄μŠ€λΆμ΄λ‚˜ ꡬ글, ν˜Ήμ€ μΈμŠ€νƒ€κ·Έλž¨μ— 사진을 μ˜¬λ¦¬λŠ” 뢄이
04:54
Instagram?
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λͺ‡ λΆ„μ΄λ‚˜ λ˜λ‚˜μš”?
04:55
My photos are everywhere.
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제 사진은 λ§Žμ€ 곳에 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
04:58
They are on my phone, they're on my laptop,
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νœ΄λŒ€ν°κ³Ό λ…ΈνŠΈλΆμ€ λ¬Όλ‘ 
05:00
they're on my old phone, they're in Dropbox.
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전에 μ“°λ˜ νœ΄λŒ€ν°κ³Ό λ“œλ‘­λ°•μŠ€μ—λ„ μ €μž₯ν•΄λ†¨κ±°λ“ μš”.
05:03
They're on all these different websites and services.
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μ˜¨κ°– μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈμ™€ μ„œλΉ„μŠ€λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•΄ 사진을 μ €μž₯ν•΄ λ‘μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:06
And most of these services don't work together.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이런 μ„œλΉ„μŠ€λ“€μ΄ μ„œλ‘œ μ—°λ™λ˜μ§€λŠ” μ•Šμ•„μš”.
05:10
They don't inter-operate.
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ν˜Έν™˜λ˜μ§€λ„ μ•Šκ³ μš”.
05:13
And as a result,
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κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό
05:15
my photo library is a mess.
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제 사진첩은 μ „ν˜€ 정리가 μ•ˆ 돼 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
05:18
The same thing happens
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기관이 톡화 κ³΅κΈ‰λŸ‰μ„ ν†΅μ œν•΄λ„
05:20
when institutions control the money supply.
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λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ 상황이 λ²Œμ–΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:23
A lot of these services don't inter-operate,
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λŒ€κ°œ μ„œλΉ„μŠ€λ“€μ΄ ν˜Έν™˜λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
05:26
and as a result, this blocks what we can do with payment.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μžκΈˆμ„ 자유둭게 μš΄μš©ν•˜κΈ°κ°€ μ–΄λ ΅κ³ 
05:30
And it makes transaction costs go up.
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거래 λΉ„μš©μ€ λ”μš± 였λ₯΄μ£ .
05:33
So far, we've been through two phases of money.
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μ§€κΈˆκ» 우린 화폐가 두 λ‹¨κ³„λ‘œ λ³€ν™”ν•˜λŠ” κ±Έ μ§€μΌœλ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:37
In an analog world, we had to deal with these physical objects,
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μ•„λ‚ λ‘œκ·Έ μ‹œλŒ€μ—λŠ” 물리적 λŒ€μƒμ΄ μžˆμ—ˆκ³ 
05:41
and money moved at a certain speed -- the speed of humans.
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ν™”νλŠ” νŠΉμ • μ†λ„λ‘œ, λ°”λ‘œ μΈκ°„μ˜ μ†λ„λ‘œ μ›€μ§μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:46
In a digital world, money can reach much farther and is much faster,
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디지털 μ‹œλŒ€κ°€ λ˜λ©΄μ„œ 화폐 ν†΅μš© λ²”μœ„λ„ 넓어지고 거래 속도도 빨라쑌죠.
05:51
but we're at the mercy of these gatekeeper institutions.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 우리 운λͺ…은 문지기 μ—­ν™œμ˜ κΈ°κ΄€λ“€ 손에 μ₯μ–΄μ Έ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:55
Money only moves at the speed of banks.
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λˆμ€ 였직 μ€ν–‰μ˜ μ†λ„λ‘œ μ›€μ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:00
We're about to enter a new phase of money.
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이제 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ν™”νμ˜ μ‹œλŒ€κ°€ 열리렀 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:03
The future of money is programmable.
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미래의 ν™”νλŠ” ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:07
When we combine software and currency,
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μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄μ™€ 톡화λ₯Ό μ ‘λͺ©ν•˜λ©΄
06:10
money becomes more than just a static unit of value,
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ν™”νλŠ” 고정적인 κ°€μΉ˜μ˜ λ‹¨μœ„ κ·Έ μ΄μƒμ˜ 의미λ₯Ό μ§€λ‹ˆκ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:14
and we don't have to rely on institutions for security.
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그땐 μš°λ¦¬λ„ λ³΄μ•ˆμ„ 기관에 맑기지 μ•Šμ•„λ„ 될 κ±°κ³ μš”.
06:18
In a programmable world,
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ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ΄ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ μ„Έμƒμ—μ„œλŠ”
06:19
we remove humans and institutions from the loop.
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μ‚¬λžŒκ³Ό κΈ°κ΄€μ˜ 역할이 μ—†μ–΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:24
And when this happens,
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ 되면
06:25
we won't even feel like we're transacting anymore.
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λ­”κ°€ κ±°λž˜ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹¨ λŠλ‚Œμ΄ μ•ˆ λ“€κ² μ£ .
06:29
Money will be directed by software,
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μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄κ°€ ν†΅μ œκΆŒμ„ μ₯κ²Œ 될 κ±°κ³ 
06:31
and it will just safely and securely flow.
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ 되면 화폐 흐름은 μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ³  견고해 질 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:36
Cryptocurrencies are the first step of this evolution.
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이런 μ§„ν™”μ˜ 첫 단계가 λ°”λ‘œ 'μ•”ν˜Έν™” 화폐'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:40
Cryptocurrencies are digital money
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μ•”ν˜Έν™” 화폐도 μ „μž 화폐인데
06:42
that isn't run by any government or bank.
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μ •λΆ€λ‚˜ μ€ν–‰μ—μ„œ κ΄€λ¦¬ν•˜μ§„ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:45
It's money designed to work in a world without intermediaries.
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μ€‘κ°œμž 없이 μ „ 세계 μ–΄λ””μ„œλ“  거래 κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ ν™”νκ±°λ“ μš”.
06:50
Bitcoin is the most ubiquitous cryptocurrency,
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λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈμ€ κ°€μž₯ 보편적으둜 μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” μ•”ν˜Έν™” ν™”νμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:53
but there are hundreds of them.
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κ·Έ 외에도 수백 κ°€μ§€λŠ” 더 있죠
06:54
There's Ethereum, Litecoin, Stellar, Dogecoin,
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이더리움, λΌμ΄νŠΈμ½”μΈ, μŠ€ν…”λΌ, 도지코인
06:58
and those are just a few of the more popular ones.
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이듀이 κ·Έλ‚˜λ§ˆ 인지도가 μžˆλŠ” 것듀이죠.
07:01
And these things are real money.
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ•”ν˜Έν™” ν™”νλŠ” μ‹€μ œ 화폐와 λ˜‘κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:04
The sushi restaurant down my street
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μ œκ°€ μ‚¬λŠ” 동넀 근처 초λ°₯μ§‘μ—μ„œλŠ”
07:06
takes Bitcoin.
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λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈμ„ λ°›κ±°λ“ μš”.
07:07
I have an app on my phone that I can use to buy sashimi.
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제 νœ΄λŒ€ν°μ— 앱이 ν•˜λ‚˜ μžˆλŠ”λ° 그걸둜 회λ₯Ό ꡬ맀할 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ–΄μš”.
07:13
But it's not just for small transactions.
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μ•”ν˜Έν™” 화폐가 이런 μžμž˜ν•œ κ±°λž˜μ—λ§Œ μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” 건 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:15
In March, there was a transaction that moved around 100,000 bitcoins.
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μ§€λ‚œ 3μ›”μ—λŠ” ν•œλ‹¬μ— 10만 λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈμ΄ κ±°λž˜λ˜κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμ£ .
07:20
That's the equivalent of 40 million US dollars.
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λ―Έν™” 4,000만 λ‹¬λŸ¬μ— ν•΄λ‹Ήν•˜λŠ” κΈˆμ•‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:25
Cryptocurrencies are based on a special field of mathematics
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μ•”ν˜Έν™” ν™”νλŠ” νŠΉλ³„ν•œ μˆ˜ν•™ 뢄야에 κΈ°λ°˜μ„ 두고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:29
called cryptography.
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λ°”λ‘œ μ•”ν˜Έν•™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:31
Cryptography is the study of how to secure communication,
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μ•”ν˜Έν•™μ€ μ˜€κ°€λŠ” 정보λ₯Ό λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜λŠ” 방법을 μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” 학문이죠.
07:34
and it's about two really important things:
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여기에 두 가지 μ€‘μš”ν•œ μš”μ†Œκ°€ μžˆλŠ”λ°
07:37
masking information so it can be hidden in plain sight,
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ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” 정보λ₯Ό 감좰 ν‰μƒμ‹œμ— λˆˆμ— 띄지 μ•Šλ„λ‘ ν•˜λŠ” κ±°κ³ 
07:41
and verifying a piece of information's source.
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또 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” μ •λ³΄μ˜ 좜처λ₯Ό κ²€μ¦ν•˜λŠ” μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:45
Cryptography underpins so many of the systems around us.
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μ•”ν˜Έν•™μ€ 우리 μ£Όλ³€μ˜ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ— 적용돼 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
07:49
And it's so powerful that at times
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μ•”ν˜Έν•™μ˜ μœ„λ ₯이 μ›Œλ‚™ λ§‰κ°•ν•΄μ„œ
07:51
the US government has actually classified it as a weapon.
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λ―Έκ΅­ μ •λΆ€λŠ” 이것을 μΌμ’…μ˜ 무기둜 κ·œμ •ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:56
During World War II, breaking cryptosystems like Enigma
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2μ°¨ 세계 λŒ€μ „ λ•Œ μ—λ‹ˆκ·Έλ§ˆ 같은 μ•”ν˜Έ 체계λ₯Ό ν•΄λ…ν•˜λŠ” 것이
08:01
was critical to decoding enemy transmissions
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적ꡰ의 톡신 λ‚΄μš©μ„ νŒŒμ•…ν•˜λŠ” 데 무척 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 역할을 ν–ˆμ£ .
08:04
and turning the tide of the war.
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μ „μ„Έλ₯Ό μ—­μ „μ‹œν‚€λŠ” 데도 ν•œλͺ«ν–ˆκ³ μš”.
08:07
Today, anyone with a modern web browser is running
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μš”μ¦˜ μ΅œμ‹  λΈŒλΌμš°μ €λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄λΌλ©΄ λˆ„κ΅¬λ‚˜
08:10
a pretty sophisticated cryptosystem.
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κ½€ μ •κ΅ν•œ μ•”ν˜Έ 체계λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
08:13
It's what we use to secure our interactions on the Internet.
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그게 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ μΈν„°λ„·μƒμ—μ„œ μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ²Œ κ±°λž˜ν•  수 있죠.
08:17
It's what makes it safe for us to type our passwords in
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λ˜ν•œ, κ·Έ μ•”ν˜Έ 체계 덕에 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ•ˆμ‹¬ν•˜κ³  μ•”ν˜Έλ₯Ό μž…λ ₯ν•˜κ³ 
08:20
and to send financial information to websites.
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금육 자료λ₯Ό 전솑할 수 μžˆλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:23
So what the banks used to give us --
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€λŠ” 은행을 톡해
08:26
trustworthy digital money transfer --
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디지털 화폐λ₯Ό μž…μΆœκΈˆν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
08:28
we can now get with a clever application of cryptography.
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이젠 이 κΈ°λ°œν•œ μ•”ν˜Έν™” 앱을 ν™œμš©ν•΄ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 직접 돈거래λ₯Ό ν•  수 μžˆλ‹¨ μ–˜κΈ°μ£ .
08:33
And this means that we don't have to rely on the banks anymore
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즉, μ•ˆμ „ν•œ 금육 거래λ₯Ό ν•˜λ €κ³  은행에 μ˜μ‘΄ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€
08:36
to secure our transactions.
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μ—†μ–΄μ§„λ‹€λŠ” λœ»μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:38
We can do it ourselves.
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직접 ν•˜λ©΄ λ˜λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
08:40
Bitcoin is based on the very same idea that the Yap used,
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λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈ κ±°λž˜λŠ” 얍 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ 방식과 일λ§₯μƒν†΅ν•΄μš”.
08:45
this collective global knowledge of transfers.
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κΈˆμ „ κ±°λž˜μ— κ΄€ν•œ 전체적이며 집단적인 지식에 κΈ°λ°˜μ„ 두죠.
08:49
In Bitcoin, I spend by transferring Bitcoin,
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μ œκ°€ λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈμ„ μ΄μ²΄ν•˜λ©΄ λˆμ„ 그만큼 μ“°λŠ” κ±°κ³ 
08:53
and I get paid when someone transfers Bitcoin to me.
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€ 제게 λˆμ„ λ‚΄λ €λ©΄ λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈμ„ 보내면 λ˜λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:58
Imagine that we had this magic paper.
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이런 λ§ˆλ²• 쒅이가 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒμƒν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
09:01
So the way that this paper works is I can give you a sheet of it
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이 쒅이와 λ˜‘κ°™μ€ κ±Έ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ λ‚˜λˆ μ€„ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆλ‹€ μΉ©μ‹œλ‹€.
09:05
and if you write something on it,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 쒅이에 λ­”κ°€λ₯Ό 적으면
09:07
it will magically appear on my piece as well.
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제 쒅이에도 λ˜‘κ°™μ΄ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜μ£ .
09:10
Let's say we just give everyone this paper
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λͺ¨λ“  λΆ„μ—κ²Œ 이 쒅이λ₯Ό λ‚˜λˆ μ€¬λ‹€κ³  κ°€μ •ν•΄λ³Όκ²Œμš”.
09:13
and everyone writes down the transfers that they're doing
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그리고 λˆ„κ΅¬λ‚˜ μžμ‹ μ˜ λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈ 거래 λͺ…μ„Έλ₯Ό
09:17
in the Bitcoin system.
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이 쒅이에 μ λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:19
All of these transfers get copied around to everyone else's pieces of paper.
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그럼 각자 적은 λ‚΄μš©μ΄ λͺ¨λ“  쒅이에 λ˜‘κ°™μ΄ 기재되겠죠.
09:23
And I can look at mine
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그럼 μ „ 제 μ’…μ΄λ§Œ 봐도
09:25
and I'll have a list of all of the transfers that are happening
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λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈμœΌλ‘œ μ–΄λ–€ κ±°λž˜κ°€ μ΄λ€„μ§€λŠ”μ§€
09:29
in the entire Bitcoin economy.
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λ‹€ νŒŒμ•…ν•  수 μžˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:31
This is actually what's happening with the Bitcoin blockchain,
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈ λΈ”λ‘μ²΄μΈμ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 일이 μ΄κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:35
which is a list of all of the transactions in Bitcoin.
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λͺ¨λ“  λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈ 거래 λ‚΄μš©μ΄ κ±°κΈ° κΈ°λ‘λ˜κ±°λ“ μš”.
09:39
Except, it's not done through paper.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, 이게 쒅이가 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
09:42
It's done through computer code,
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μ „ 세계 수천 개 λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬μ—μ„œ
09:43
running on thousands of networked computers
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컴퓨터 μ½”λ“œκ°€ λŒμ•„κ°€λ©΄μ„œ μ΄λ€„μ§€λŠ” κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
09:46
around the world.
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그게 λ‹€λ₯Έ 점이죠.
09:49
All of these computers are collectively confirming
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λͺ¨λ“  컴퓨터가 λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈμ˜ μ†Œμœ μ£Όλ₯Ό
09:53
who owns what Bitcoin.
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κ³΅λ™μœΌλ‘œ ν™•μΈν•˜λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:54
So the Bitcoin blockchain is core to how Bitcoin works.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈ 블둝체인은 λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈ 거래의 핡심인 μ…ˆμ΄μ£ .
09:58
But where do bitcoins actually come from?
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그런데 λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈμ€ λŒ€μ²΄ μ–΄λ””μ„œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ§€λŠ” κ±ΈκΉŒμš”?
10:01
Well, the code is designed to create new Bitcoin
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 정해진 일정에 따라 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈμ΄ μƒμ‚°λ˜κ²Œλ”
10:05
according to a schedule.
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ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:07
And the way that it works is that to get those Bitcoin,
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈμ„ μ–»μœΌλ €λ©΄
10:11
I have to solve a puzzle -- a random cryptographic puzzle.
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λ¬΄μž‘μœ„λ‘œ μ œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ•”ν˜Έ 문제λ₯Ό ν’€μ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:17
Imagine that we had 15 dice,
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μ£Όμ‚¬μœ„κ°€ 15개 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒμƒν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
10:19
and we were throwing these dice over and over again.
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이 μ£Όμ‚¬μœ„λ“€μ„ λ°˜λ³΅ν•΄μ„œ λ˜μ§€λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:22
Whenever the dice come up all sixes,
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λͺ¨λ“  μ£Όμ‚¬μœ„κ°€ 6이 되면
10:25
we say that we win.
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μ΄κΈ°λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
10:27
This is very close to what these computers are all actually doing.
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이런 μ›λ¦¬λ‘œ 컴퓨터가 μž‘λ™ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ λΌμš”.
10:30
They're trying over and over again to land on the right number.
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λ§žλŠ” μˆ«μžκ°€ λ‚˜μ˜¬ λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€ 컴퓨터가 계속 μ‹œλ„ν•˜κ±°λ“ μš”.
10:34
And when they do,
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μ›ν•˜λ˜ κ·Έ μˆ«μžκ°€ λ‚˜μ˜€λ©΄
10:36
we say that they've solved the puzzle.
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μ•”ν˜Έ 문제λ₯Ό ν‘Ό κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:39
The computer that solves the puzzle
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μ•”ν˜Έ 문제λ₯Ό ν‘Ό ν•΄λ‹Ή μ»΄ν“¨ν„°λŠ”
10:42
publishes its solution to the rest of the network
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λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬μƒμ— 해법을 κ³΅μœ ν•˜κ³ 
10:44
and collects its reward: new bitcoins.
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보상을 μ–»λŠ”λ°, 그게 λ°”λ‘œ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈμ΄μ£ .
10:48
And in the act of solving this puzzle,
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μ•”ν˜Έ 문제λ₯Ό ν‘ΈλŠ” 일련의 과정이
10:51
these computers are actually helping to secure the Bitcoin blockchain
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈ λΈ”λ‘μ²΄μΈμ˜ λ³΄μ•ˆμ„ κ°•ν™”ν•˜λŠ” 데 도움이 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:55
and add to the list of transactions.
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거래 λ‚΄μš©μ—λ„ μΆ”κ°€λ˜κ³ μš”.
10:57
There are actually people all over the world running this software,
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이 μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 세계 곳곳에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:03
and we call them Bitcoin miners.
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그듀을 λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈ 채꡴가라고 ν•˜μ£ .
11:06
Anyone can become a Bitcoin miner.
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λˆ„κ΅¬λ‚˜ λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈ 채꡴가가 될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:09
You can go download the software right now
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μ§€κΈˆ λ‹Ήμž₯ κ°€μ„œ μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄λ₯Ό λ‚΄λ €λ°›μ•„
11:12
and run it in your computer and try to collect some bitcoins.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ 컴퓨터에 μ„€μΉ˜ν•˜κ³  λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈ 채꡴ μž‘μ—…μ„ ν•˜λ©΄ λ˜κ±°λ“ μš”.
11:16
I can't say that I would recommend it,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ꡳ이 κΆŒν•˜μ§„ μ•Šμ„κ²Œμš”.
11:18
because right now, the puzzle is so hard and the network is so powerful,
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ν˜„μž¬ λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬κ°€ ν•˜λ„ κ°•λ ₯ν•œ 데닀 μ•”ν˜Έ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ λ„ˆλ¬΄ μ–΄λ €μ›Œμ„œ
11:23
that if I tried to mine Bitcoin on my laptop,
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μ œκ°€ λ…ΈνŠΈλΆμœΌλ‘œ λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈμ„ μ±„κ΅΄ν•˜λ €κ³  해도
11:26
I probably wouldn't see any for about two million years.
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200만 λ…„ λ’€μ—λ‚˜ λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈμ„ μ–»μ„κΉŒ 말까 ν•œ μƒν™©μ΄κ±°λ“ μš”.
11:30
The miners, professional miners, use this special hardware
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ „λ¬Έ 채꡴가듀은 νŠΉμˆ˜ν•œ ν•˜λ“œμ›¨μ–΄λ₯Ό μ”λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:34
that's designed to solve the puzzle really fast.
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μ•”ν˜Έ 문제λ₯Ό 빨리 ν’€ 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ μ„€κ³„λœ ν•˜λ“œμ›¨μ–΄μ£ .
11:37
Now, the Bitcoin network and all of this special hardware,
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λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈ λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬μ™€ 이런 νŠΉμˆ˜ν•œ ν•˜λ“œμ›¨μ–΄ μž₯비듀이
11:41
there are estimates that the amount of energy it uses
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μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” μ—λ„ˆμ§€μ–‘μ„ μ‚°μΆœν•΄λ΄€λ”λ‹ˆ
11:44
is equivalent to that of a small country.
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μž‘μ€ κ΅­κ°€μ˜ μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ†ŒλΉ„λŸ‰κ³Ό λ§žλ¨ΉλŠ”λ‹€λ”κ΅°μš”.
11:48
So, the first set of cryptocurrencies
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μ–΄μ¨Œλ“  1μ„ΈλŒ€ μ•”ν˜Έν™” ν™”νλŠ”
11:50
are a little bit slow and a little bit cumbersome.
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쑰금 더디고 쑰금 λ²ˆκ±°λ‘­μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:54
But the next generation is going to be so much better and so much faster.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ‹€μŒ μ„ΈλŒ€μ˜ μ•”ν˜Έν™” ν™”νλŠ” 훨씬 λ‚˜μ•„μ§€κ³  빨라질 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:58
Cryptocurrencies are the first step
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μ•”ν˜Έν™” ν™”νλŠ” ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž˜λ° κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 화폐λ₯Ό
12:01
to a world with a global programmable money.
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μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ 첫 λ‹¨κ³„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:05
And in a world with programmable money,
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ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 화폐가 널리 ν†΅μš©λ˜λ©΄
12:08
I can pay anyone else securely
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μ•ˆμ‹¬ν•˜κ³  μ†‘κΈˆν•  수 μžˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:11
without having to sign up or ask permission,
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μ–΄λ”” λ“±λ‘ν•˜κ³  μŠΉμΈλ°›μ„ ν•„μš”λ„ μ—†μ–΄μ§ˆ 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
12:15
or do a conversion or worry about my money getting stuck.
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λ³€ν™˜ 절차λ₯Ό μ•ˆ 거쳐도 되고 돈의 흐름이 λ§‰νžˆλŠ” 일도 μ—†κ² μ£ .
12:20
And I can send money around the world.
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λ˜ν•œ, 세계 μ–΄λ””λ“  λˆμ„ 보낼 수 μžˆμ„ κ±°κ³ μš”.
12:23
This is a really amazing thing.
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정말 λ†€λΌμš΄ μΌμ΄μž–μ•„μš”.
12:26
It's the idea of permission-less innovation.
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승인이 ν•„μš” μ—†λŠ” ν˜μ‹  같은 κ±°λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
12:31
The Internet caused an explosion of innovation,
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인터넷이 λ“±μž₯ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ μ—„μ²­λ‚œ ν˜μ‹ μ˜ λ°”λžŒμ΄ λΆˆμ—ˆμ£ .
12:35
because it was built upon an open architecture.
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인터넷이 개방된 ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ ꡬ좕됐기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:39
And just like the Internet changed the way we communicate,
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μΈν„°λ„·μ˜ λ“±μž₯으둜 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ†Œν†΅ν•˜λŠ” 방식이 달라진 κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ
12:43
programmable money is going to change the way we pay,
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ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ ν™”νλŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λˆμ„ λ‚΄κ³  μ˜ˆμ‚°μ„ ν• λ‹Ήν•˜λ©°
12:46
allocate and decide on value.
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κ°€μΉ˜λ₯Ό ν‰κ°€ν•˜λŠ” 방식에 λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό 뢈러였겠죠.
12:49
So what kind of world does programmable money create?
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그런 화폐가 ν†΅μš©λ˜λ©΄ μ–΄λ–€ 세상이 νŽΌμ³μ§ˆκΉŒμš”?
12:52
Imagine a world where I can rent out my healthcare data
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μ œμ•½ νšŒμ‚¬μ— 제 의료 기둝 자료λ₯Ό
λΉŒλ €μ€„ 수 μžˆλŠ” 세상을 μƒκ°ν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
12:56
to a pharmaceutical company.
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12:59
They can run large-scale data analysis
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νšŒμ‚¬ μΈ‘μ—μ„œλŠ” 그걸둜 κ΄‘λ²”μœ„ν•œ 뢄석을 ν•˜κ³ 
13:01
and provide me with a cryptographic proof
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μ•”ν˜Έλ‘œ 된 증λͺ…μ„œλ₯Ό λ°œκΈ‰ν•  수 μžˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:03
that shows they're only using my data in a way that we agreed.
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κ±°κΈ°μ—” ν•©μ˜λœ λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œλ§Œ 제 기둝을 μ‚¬μš©ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 쑰항이 포함돼 μžˆμ„ κ±°κ³ 
13:08
And they can pay me for what they find out.
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μ„±κ³Όλ₯Ό 거두면 μ €ν•œν…Œ λŒ€κ°€λ₯Ό μ§€κΈ‰ν•˜κ² μ£ .
13:11
Instead of signing up for streaming services
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슀트리밍 μ„œλΉ„μŠ€μ— κ°€μž…ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
13:14
and getting a cable bill,
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케이블 TV μš”κΈˆμ„ λ‚΄λŠ” λŒ€μ‹ 
13:15
what if my television analyzed my watching habits
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TVκ°€ 제 μ‹œμ²­ μŠ΅κ΄€μ„ 뢄석해
13:18
and recommended well-priced content that fit within my budget
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μ˜ˆμ‚°μ— λ§žλŠ” λ²”μœ„μ—μ„œ 볼거리듀을 μΆ”μ²œν•΄μ€€λ‹€λ©΄
13:22
that I would enjoy?
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μ–΄λ–¨ 것 κ°™λ‚˜μš”?
13:24
Imagine an Internet without ads,
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μΈν„°λ„·μ—μ„œ κ΄‘κ³ κ°€ 사라진닀고 μƒκ°ν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
13:27
because instead of paying with our attention when we view content,
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μ–΄λ–€ λ‚΄μš©μ„ 보고 거기에 μ£Όλͺ©ν•˜λŠ” 방식 λŒ€μ‹ 
13:31
we just pay.
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κ·Έλƒ₯ λˆμ„ λ‚΄λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
13:33
Interestingly, things like micro-payments
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ν₯λ―Έλ‘­κ²Œλ„, μ†Œμ•‘ κ²°μ œκ°€ μ΄λ€„μ§€λ©΄μ„œ
13:36
are actually going to change the way security works in our world,
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λ³΄μ•ˆ μž‘λ™ 방식에도 λ³€ν™”κ°€ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λ € ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:39
because once we're better able to allocate value,
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κ°€μΉ˜λ₯Ό μ’€ 더 효율적으둜 λ°°λΆ„ν•  수 있게 λ˜λŠ” μˆœκ°„
13:42
people will use their money and their energies
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μžμ‹ μ΄ μ§€λ‹Œ 돈과 μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό μ’€ 더 생산적인 곳에
13:45
for more constructive things.
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μŸμ•„λΆ€μ„ 게 λΆ„λͺ…ν•˜κ±°λ“ μš”.
13:47
If it cost a fraction of a cent to send an email,
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이메일을 λ³΄λ‚΄λŠ” 데 μ–Όλ§ˆμ―€ 돈이 λ“ λ‹€λ©΄
13:50
would we still have spam?
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슀팸 메일이 μ—¬μ „νžˆ μ‘΄μž¬ν• κΉŒμš”?
13:52
We're not at this world yet,
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그런 μ‹œλŒ€λŠ” 아직 μ˜€μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:54
but it's coming.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 곧 올 κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
13:56
Right now, it's like we're in a world that is seeing the first automobile.
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μ§€κΈˆμ΄ μžλ™μ°¨κ°€ 처음 λ“±μž₯ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œμ™€ λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ 상황이라고 λ³΄μ‹œλ©΄ λΌμš”.
14:01
The first cryptocurrency, like the first car,
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졜초의 μ•”ν˜Έν™” ν™”νλŠ” 초기 μžλ™μ°¨μ²˜λŸΌ
14:05
is slow and hard to understand and hard to use.
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느리고, μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ° μ–΄λ €μšΈλΏλ”λŸ¬ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ°λ„ 쉽지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:10
Digital money, like the horse and carriage,
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디지털 ν™”νλŠ” 말과 마차처럼
14:12
works pretty well,
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κ·ΈλŸ­μ €λŸ­ 잘 μž‘λ™ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ–΄μš”.
14:14
and the whole world economy is built on it.
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그리고 μ „ 세계 κ²½μ œκ°€ 디지털 ν™”νλ‘œ κ΅΄λŸ¬κ°€μ£ .
14:18
If you were the first person on your block
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만일 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ λ™λ„€μ—μ„œ 처음으둜
14:20
to get a car with an internal combustion engine,
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내연기관이 μž₯착된 μ°¨λ₯Ό κ΅¬λ§€ν–ˆλ‹€λ©΄
14:23
your neighbors would probably think you were crazy:
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이웃뢄듀이 λ―Έμ³€λ‹€κ³  λΉ„μ›ƒμœΌλ©° μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ 말할 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:26
"Why would you want this large, clunky machine
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"이 κ±°λŒ€ν•˜κ³  νˆ¬λ°•ν•œ 기계 λ©μ΄λŠ”
14:28
that breaks down all the time, that lights on fire,
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νˆ­ν•˜λ©΄ 망가지고 λΆˆλ„ λ‚˜λŠ” 데닀
14:31
and is still slower than a horse?"
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말보닀 느린데 무슨 μ†Œμš©μ΄μ£ ?"
14:34
But we all know how that story turns out.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ²°κ³Όκ°€ μ–΄λ–€μ§€λŠ” λ‹€λ“€ μ•„μ‹œμž–μ•„μš”.
14:38
We're entering a new era of programmable money.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 화폐λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” μ‹œλŒ€κ°€ λ„λž˜ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:42
And it's very exciting, but it's also a little bit scary.
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사싀 κΈ°λŒ€κ°€ λ˜λŠ” ν•œνŽΈ 쑰금 무섭기도 ν•΄μš”.
14:46
Cryptocurrencies can be used for illegal transactions,
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μ•”ν˜Έ ν™”νλŠ” λΆˆλ²• κ±°λž˜μ— μ‚¬μš©λ  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:50
just like cash is used for crime in the world today.
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ν˜„μž¬ ν˜„κΈˆμ΄ 범죄에 μ΄μš©λ˜λŠ” κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌμš”.
14:54
When all of our transactions are online,
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λͺ¨λ“  κ±°λž˜κ°€ μ˜¨λΌμΈμƒμ—μ„œ 이뀄지면
14:56
what does that mean for surveillance -- who can see what we do?
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κ°μ‹œμ— 무슨 μ˜λ―Έκ°€ μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”? μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 뭘 ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ λˆ„κ°€ μ•Œ 수 있죠?
15:02
Who's advantaged in this new world and who isn't?
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이 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ λˆ„κ°€ 득을 보고 λˆ„κ°€ 손해λ₯Ό λ³ΌκΉŒμš”?
15:05
Will I have to start to pay for things that I didn't have to pay for before?
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μ˜ˆμ „μ—λŠ” κ³΅μ§œμ˜€λ˜ 게 μœ λ£Œκ°€ λ˜λŠ” 일도 λ°œμƒν• κΉŒμš”?
15:09
Will we all become slaves to algorithms and utility functions?
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각쒅 μ•Œκ³ λ¦¬μ¦˜κ³Ό 효용 κΈ°λŠ₯의 λ…Έμ˜ˆκ°€ 되면 μ–΄μ©Œμ£ ?
15:15
All new technology comes with trade-offs.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 기술이 λ“±μž₯ν•˜λ©΄ μžƒλŠ” 것도 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:18
The Internet brought us a lot of ways to waste time.
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인터넷이 μƒκΈ°λ©΄μ„œ μ‹œκ°„ λ‚­λΉ„ν•  데가 λ§Žμ•„μ‘ŒλŠ”λ°
15:22
But it also greatly increased productivity.
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그만큼 생산성도 λ†’μ•„μ‘Œμž–μ•„μš”.
15:25
Mobile phones are annoying
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νœ΄λŒ€ν°μ€ 짜증 λ‚˜λŠ” 도ꡬ죠.
15:27
because they make me feel like I have to stay connected to work
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항상 μ‹€μ‹œκ°„μœΌλ‘œ 업무λ₯Ό ν•˜κ³  κ±°κΈ° 맀여 μžˆλŠ” λŠλ‚Œμ„
15:30
all the time.
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μ§€μšΈ μˆ˜κ°€ μ—†κ±°λ“ μš”.
15:31
But they also help me stay connected to friends and family.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ νœ΄λŒ€ν°μ΄ μžˆμ–΄ κ°€μ‘±, μΉœκ΅¬λ“€κ³Ό 연락할 수 있죠
15:35
The new sharing economy is going to eliminate some jobs.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 곡유경제 μ‚¬νšŒμ—μ„œλŠ” 기쑴에 있던 직업이 μ‚¬λΌμ§€κ² μ§€λ§Œ
15:40
But it's also going to create new, flexible forms of employment.
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ν•œνŽΈ μƒˆλ‘­κ³  μœ μ—°ν•œ ν˜•νƒœμ˜ κ³ μš©λ„ κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜κ²Œ 될 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:44
With programmable money,
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ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 화폐 덕에
15:46
we decouple the need for large, trusted institutions
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κ±°λŒ€ 인증 κΈ°κ΄€μ˜ ν•„μš”μ„±μ„
15:51
from the architecture of the network.
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λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬ κ΅¬μ‘°μ—μ„œ λ–Όμ–΄λ‚Ό μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ„ κ±°κ³ μš”.
15:54
And this pushes innovation in money out to the edges, where it belongs.
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이것이 ν™”νμ˜ ν˜μ‹ μ„ λ”μš±λ” 촉진할 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:00
Programmable money democratizes money.
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ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 화폐가 화폐 λ―Όμ£Όν™”λ₯Ό μ‹€ν˜„ν•  κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
16:04
And because of this, things are going to change and unfold
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그 결과둜
μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ „ν˜€ μ˜ˆμΈ‘ν•  수 μ—†λŠ” λ°©ν–₯으둜 λ³€ν™”κ°€ νŽΌμ³μ§€κ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:07
in ways that we can't even predict.
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16:10
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:11
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)

Original video on YouTube.com
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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