Why women should tell the stories of humanity | Jude Kelly

Prevodilac: Milenka Okuka Lektor: Mile Živković

Why do we think

Zašto mislimo

that stories by men are deemed to be of universal importance,

da se za priče koje pričaju muškarci smatra da imaju univerzalni značaj,

and stories by women are thought to be merely about women?

a za priče koje pričaju žene se smatra da su samo o ženama?

My grandmother left school when she was 12.

Moja baka je napustila školu kad joj je bilo 12 godina.

She had 14 children.

Imala je 14 dece.

My mother left school when she was 15.

Moja majka je napustila školu sa 15.

She was a secretary.

Bila je sekretarica.

I graduated from university to become a theater director,

Ja sam diplomirala na fakultetu kako bih postala pozorišna rediteljka,

and that progress is entirely to do with the fact that people I'll never meet

a taj napredak u potpunosti dugujem

činjenici da su se ljudi koje nikad nisam upoznala

fought for women to have rights,

borili za prava žena,

get the vote, get education, have progress.

da imaju pravo glasa, obrazovanje, da napreduju.

And I'm determined to do the same, and obviously you are, too.

I ja sam odlučna da to isto radim, a očigledno ste i vi.

Why not?

Zašto ne?

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

So I started a festival called WOW, Women of the World, seven years ago,

Pa sam osnovala festival nazvan WOW, Žene sveta, pre sedam godina

and it's now in 20 countries across five continents.

i trenutno se održava u 20 država širom pet kontinenata.

And one of those countries is Somaliland in Africa.

A jedna od tih država je Somalilend u Africi.

So I traveled there last year,

Pa sam prošle godine putovala tamo,

and part of the joy I had in going there was going to these caves.

a delimičan razlog moje radosti što idem tamo je poseta ovim pećinama.

The Laas Geel caves.

Pećine Las Žil.

Now, these caves contain some of the oldest cave paintings in the world.

Sad, ove pećine sadrže neke od najstarijih pećinskih slika na svetu.

These paintings are thought to be round about 9,000 to 11,000 years old.

Smatra se da su ove slike stare oko 9000 do 11000 godina.

Art:

Umetnost:

what humanity has done ever since it evolved.

nešto čime se čovečanstvo bavi otkad je evoluiralo.

It's how we speak about ourselves,

U vezi je s tim kako govorimo o sebi,

how we understand our identity,

kako razumemo naše identitete,

how we look at our surroundings,

kako posmatramo naša okruženja,

who we find out about each other

šta otkrivamo jedni o drugima

because of the meaning of our lives.

zbog smisla naših života.

That's what art is for.

Tome služi umetnost.

So look at this little picture.

Pa, pogledajte ovu malu sliku.

I think it's a little girl.

Mislim da se radi o devojčici.

I thought it was a bit like me when I was a little girl.

Mislila sam kako malo liči na mene kad sam bila devojčica.

And I thought, well, who painted this joyful, youthful figure?

Pa sam pomislila, dobro, ko je naslikao ovu radosnu, mladalačku figuru?

And I asked the curator of the caves.

Upitala sam kustosa pećina.

I said, "Tell me about the men and women who painted these."

Rekla sam: "Ispričajte mi o muškarcima i ženama koji su ovo naslikali."

And he looked at me absolutely askance, and he said,

A on me je pogledao skroz iskosa i rekao je:

"Women didn't paint these pictures."

"Žene nisu naslikale ove slike."

And I said, "Well, it was 11,000 years ago."

A ja sam rekla: "Dobro, to je bilo pre 11000 godina."

I said, "How do you know?"

Pitala sam: "Kako znate?"

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

And he said, "Women don't do these things.

A on je rekao: "Žene se ne bave ovim stvarima.

Men made these marks. Women don't."

Muškarci su napravili ova obeležja. Žene nisu."

Now, I wasn't really surprised,

Sad, zaista nisam bila iznenađena

because that's an attitude that I've seen continuously

jer je to stav koji sam više puta videla

all my life as a theater maker.

u životu kao pozorišna stvarateljka.

We are told that divine knowledge comes down through the masculine,

Rečeno nam je da se božansko znanje prenosi kroz muževnost,

whether it be to the imam, the priest, the rabbi, the holy man.

bilo da se radi o imamu, svešteniku, rabinu, svecu.

Similarly, we're told that creative genius resides in the masculine,

Slično, rečeno nam je da kreativni genije počiva u muževnosti,

that it is the masculine

da je muževnost ta

that will be able to tell us about who we really are,

koja će moći da nam ispriča o tome ko smo mi zaista,

that the masculine will tell the universal story

da će muževnost ispričati univerzalnu priču

on behalf of all of us,

u ime svih nas,

whereas women artists will really just talk about women's experiences,

dok će ženski umetnici zaista samo govoriti o ženskim iskustvima,

women's issues only really relevant to women

ženskim pitanjima koja su važna jedino ženama

and of passing interest to men --

i od nevelikog značaja za muškarce -

and really only some men.

i zaista za samo neke muškarce.

And it's that conviction,

A to ubeđenje,

that that we are taught,

kojem nas uče,

that I think colors so much of whether we're prepared to believe

mislim da većim delom utiče na to da li smo spremni da verujemo

that women's stories really matter.

da su ženske priče zaista važne.

And unless we're prepared to believe that women's stories really matter,

A ako nismo spremni da verujemo da su ženske priče zaista važne,

then women's rights don't really matter,

onda ženska prava nisu zaista važna,

and then change can't really come.

i onda zaista ne može da dođe do promene.

I want to tell you about two examples of stories

Želim da vam navedem primer dve priče

that are thought to be of universal importance:

za koje se smatra da imaju univerzalnu važnost:

"E.T." and "Hamlet."

"E. T. vanzemaljac" i "Hamlet".

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

So I took my two children when they were little --

Dakle, povela sam svoje dvoje dece kad su bili mali -

Caroline was eight and Robby was five --

Karolin je imala osam, a Robi pet godina -

to see "E.T."

da vide "E. T. vanzemaljca".

And it's a fantastic story of this little alien

I to je fantastična priča o tom malenom vanzemljcu

who ends up in an American family

koji se zatekne u američkoj porodici

with a mum, two brothers and a sister,

sa majkom, dva brata i sestrom,

but he wants to go home.

ali on želi da se vrati kući.

Not only that, but some really bad scientists

Ne samo to, već neki zaista zli naučnici

want to do some experiments on him,

žele da vrše eksperimente nad njim,

and they're looking for him.

te tragaju za njim.

So the children have a plot.

Pa, deca imaju plan.

They decide they're going to take him back to his spaceship

Odlučuju da će da ga vrate nazad u njegov svemirski brod

as soon as they can,

čim mognu,

and they plop him in a bicycle basket,

te ga ubace u korpu na biciklu

and off they ride.

i odvezu se.

But unfortunately, the baddies have found out, and they're catching up

Međutim, zloće su nažalost otkrile i sustižu ih,

and they've got sirens and they've got their guns,

a oni imaju sirene i imaju svoje pištolje,

they've got the loud-hailers, it's terribly frightening,

imaju megafone, izuzetno je strašno,

and they're closing up on the children,

i približavaju se deci

and the children are never going to make it.

i deca nemaju šanse da uspeju.

And then all of a sudden, magically, the bikes fly up in the air,

A onda iznenada, magično, bicikl poleće u vazduh,

over the clouds,

iznad oblaka,

over the moon,

iznad meseca

and they're going to save "E.T."

i spašavaju E. T.-a.

So I turn to see my children's faces,

Pa sam se okrenula da vidim lica moje dece,

and Robby is enraptured, he's there with them, he's saving E.T.,

Robi je bio ushićen, s njima je, spašava E. T.-a,

he's a happy boy.

srećan je dečak.

And I turn to Caroline, and she's crying her eyes out.

Okrećem se ka Karolini, a ona plače iz dna duše.

And I said, "What's the matter?"

Pitam: "Šta nije u redu?"

And she said, "Why can't I save E.T.? Why can't I come?"

A ona kaže: "Zašto ja ne mogu da spasim E. T.-a? Zašto ja ne mogu da pođem?"

And then all of a sudden I realized:

A onda sam iznenada shvatila:

they weren't children;

to nisu bila deca;

they were boys --

bili su dečaci -

all boys.

svi su bili dečaci.

And Caroline, who had invested so much in E.T.,

A Karolina koja se toliko saživela sa E. T.-om,

well, she wasn't invited to save him,

pa, nju nisu pozvali da ga spasi,

and she felt humiliated and spurned.

pa se osećala poniženom i odbačenom.

So I wrote to Steven Spielberg --

Pa sam pisala Stivenu Spilbergu -

(Laughter) (Applause)

(Smeh) (Aplauz)

and I said, "I don't know if you understand

i rekla sam: "Ne znam da li razumete

the psychological importance of what's happened,

psihološki značaj onoga što se desilo

and are you prepared to pay for the therapy bills?"

i da li ste spremni da platite račune za terapiju?"

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Twenty years later, I haven't had a word back from him,

Dvadeset godina kasnije, još mi ni reč od njega nije stigla,

but I'm still hopeful.

ali se i dalje nadam.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

But I thought it was interesting,

Ali bilo mi je zanimljivo

because if you read reviews of what he intended with E.T.,

jer ako pročitate recenzije o tome šta je želeo sa E. T.-om,

he says very specifically,

veoma jasno kaže:

"I wanted the world to understand

"Želeo sam da svet razume

that we should love and embrace difference."

da bi trebalo da volimo i prihvatimo različitost."

But somehow he didn't include the idea of girls' difference

Ali nekako nije uključio ideju o različitosti devojčica

in this thinking.

u svom razmišljanju.

He thought he was writing a story about all humanity.

Mislio je da piše priču o čitavom čovečanstvu.

Caroline thought he was marginalizing

Karolin je smatrala da je marginalizovao

half of humanity.

polovinu čovečanstva.

He thought he was writing a story about human goodness;

Mislio je da piše priču o ljudskoj dobroti;

she thought he was writing a lad's heroic adventure.

ona je smatrala da je napisao junačku avanturu za momke.

And this is common.

A to je uobičajeno.

Men feel they have been given the mantle for universal communication,

Muškarci osećaju da im je dat plašt za univerzalnu komunikaciju,

but of course, how could they be?

ali naravno, kako je to moguće?

They are writing from male experience through male's eyes.

Oni pišu iz muškog iskustva, kroz muške oči.

We have to have a look at this ourselves.

Mi sami to moramo da prozremo.

We have to be prepared to go back through all our books and our films,

Moramo da budemo spremni da se vratimo kroz sve naše knjige i filmove,

all our favorite things,

sve naše omiljene stvari

and say, "Actually, this is written by a male artist --

i kažemo: "Ovo je zapravo napisao umetnik muškarac -

not an artist.

a ne umetnik."

We have to see that so many of these stories

Moramo da shvatimo da je veliki broj ovih priča

are written through a male perspective.

napisano iz muške perspektive.

Which is fine,

Što je u redu,

but then females need to have 50 percent of the rights

ali onda žene moraju da imaju 50 procenata prava

for the stage, the film, the novel,

na scenu, film, roman,

the place of creativity.

mesto za kreativnost.

Let me talk about "Hamlet."

Sad ću da govorim o "Hamletu".

To be or not to be.

Biti ili ne biti.

That is the question.

Pitanje je sada.

But it's not my question.

Ali to nije moje pitanje.

My question is: Why was I taught as a young woman

Moje pitanje je: zašto su me podučavali kao mladu ženu

that this was the quintessential example of human dilemma

da je to suštinski primer ljudske dileme

and human experience?

i ljudskog iskustva?

It's a marvelous story,

To je veličanstvena priča,

but actually, it's about a young man fearful that he won't be able to make it

ali zapravo se radi o mladiću koji se plaši da neće uspeti

as a powerful figure in a male world

kao moćna ličnost u svetu muškaraca,

unless he takes revenge for his father's murder.

ako se ne osveti za ubistvo oca.

He talks a great deal to us about suicide being an option,

Mnogo nam govori o tome kako je samoubistvo opcija,

but the reality is that the person who actually commits suicide, Ophelia,

ali u stvarnsti osoba koja zapravo izvršava samoubistvo je Ofelija,

after she's been humiliated and abused by him,

nakon što ju je on ponizio i zlostavljao,

never gets a chance to talk to the audience about her feelings.

ona nikad ne dobija priliku da publici iskaže svoja osećanja.

And then when he's finished with Ophelia, he turns on his mum,

A onda, čim završi s Ofelijom, okreće se protiv majke

because basically she has the audacity to fall in love with his uncle

jer u suštini ima odvažnosti da se zaljubi u njegovog ujaka

and enjoy sex.

i da uživa u seksu.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

It is a great story,

To je sjajna priča,

but it is a story about male conflict, male dilemma, male struggle.

ali je priča o muškom sukobu, muškoj dilemi, muškoj borbi.

But I was told this was the story of human beings,

Međutim, rečeno mi je da je ovo priča o ljudskim bićima,

despite the fact that it only had two women in it.

uprkos činjenici da sadrži svega dve žene.

And unless I reeducate myself,

I, ukoliko se ne preobrazujem,

I am always going to think

uvek ću da mislim

that women's stories matter less than men's.

da ženske priče manje vrede od muških.

A woman could have written "Hamlet,"

Žena je mogla da napiše "Hamleta",

but she would have written it differently,

ali bi ga napisala drugačije

and it wouldn't have had global recognition.

i ne bi bio priznat širom sveta.

As the writer Margaret Atwood says,

Kako je spisateljica Margaret Atvud rekla:

"When a man writes about doing the dishes,

"Kada muškarac piše o pranju suda,

it's realism.

to je realizam.

When a woman writes about doing it,

Kada žena piše o tom iskustvu,

it's an unfortunate genetic disposition."

radi se o nesrećnom genetskom nedostatku."

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Now, this is not just something that belongs to then.

Sad, nije to nešto što pripada prošlosti.

I mean, when I was a young girl,

Mislim, kad sam bila mlada,

wanting desperately to be a theater director,

očajno želeći da budem pozorišna rediteljka,

this is what my male lecturer said to me:

evo šta mi je rekao predavač muškarac:

"Well, there are three women directors in Britain," he said, "Jude."

"Pa, imamo tri ženska reditelja u Britaniji", rekao je, "Džud."

"There's Joan Knight, who's a lesbian, there's Joan Littlewood, who's retired,

"Imamo Džoan Najt, koja je lezbejka, imamo Džoan Litlvud, koja je u penziji

and there's Buzz Goodbody, who's just killed herself.

i imamo Baz Gudbadi, koja se upravo ubila.

So, which of those three would you like to be?"

Dakle, koja od ove tri bi ti želela da budeš?"

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Now, leaving aside the disgusting slur on gay women,

Sad, ostavljajući po strani odvratno klevetanje gej žena,

the fact is, he wanted to humiliate me.

činjenica je da je želeo da me ponizi.

He thought it was silly that I wanted to be a director.

Mislio je da je smešno što želim da budem rediteljka.

And I told my friend Marin Alsop, the conductor, and she said,

Rekla sam to prijateljici Marin Alsop, dirigentkinji, a ona je rekla:

"Oh yes, well, my music teacher said exactly the same.

"Ah, da, moj nastavnik muzičkog mi je rekao to isto.

He said, 'Women don't conduct.'"

Rekao je: 'Žene ne diriguju.'"

But all these years later, we've made our mark.

Ali sve ove godine kasnije, ostavile smo svoj trag.

You think, "Well, it'll be different now."

Pomislili biste: "Pa, sad je drugačije."

I'm afraid it's not different now.

Plašim se da sad nije drugačije.

The current head of the Paris Conservatoire

Trenutni starešina Pariskog konzervatorijuma

said recently, "It takes great physical strength

je nedavno rekao: "Potrebna je velika fizička snaga

to conduct a symphony,

da se diriguje simfonijom,

and women are too weak."

a žene su suviše slabe."

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

The artist George Baselitz said,

Umetnik Džordž Bazelic je rekao:

"Well, the fact is women can't paint.

"Pa, činjenica je da žene ne znaju da slikaju.

Well -- they can't paint very well."

Pa - ne naročito dobro."

The writer V.S. Naipaul said two years ago,

Pisac V. S. Nipol je pre dve godine rekao:

"I can read two paragraphs and know immediately if it's written by a woman,

"Mogu da pročitam dva paragrafa i da odmah znam da je pisac žena

and I just stop reading, because it's not worthy of me."

i prosto prestajem da čitam jer je to ispod mene."

Audience: Whoa!

Publika: Ua.

And it goes on.

Ima toga još.

We have to find a way

Moramo da pronađemo način

of stopping young girls and women

da zaustavimo devojke i žene

feeling not only that their story doesn't matter,

da se osećaju, ne samo da njihova priča nije važna,

but they're not allowed to be the storyteller.

već da im nije dozvoljeno da budu pripovedači.

Because once you feel that you can't stand in the central space

Jer čim osećate da ne možete da budete u centru pažnje

and speak on behalf of the world,

i da govorite u ime sveta,

you will feel that you can offer your goods up to a small, select group.

osećate da možete da nudite svoja dobra maloj, odabranoj grupi.

You will tend to do smaller work on smaller stages,

Radićete manje poslove na manjim scenama,

your economic power will be less,

vaša ekonomska snaga će da bude manja,

your reach of audiences will be less,

dostupnost publike će da bude manja

and your credit will be less as an artist.

i manje će vas ceniti kao umetnika.

And we do finally give artists these incredible, prominent spaces

A konačno pružamo umetnicima neverovatne, ugledne prostore

in the world,

u svetu

because they are our storytellers.

jer su oni naši pripovedači.

Now, why should it matter to you if you're not an artist?

Sad, zašto bi vam bilo važno, ako niste umetnik?

Supposing you're an accountant or an entrepreneur or a medic

Pretpostavimo da ste računovođa ili preduzetnik ili lekar

or a scientist:

ili naučnik:

Should you care about women artists?

da li bi trebalo da marite za žene umetnike?

Absolutely, you must,

Apsolutno, morate

because as you can see from the cave paintings,

jer, kao što vidite, sa pećinskih slika,

all civilizations,

sve civilizacije,

all of humanity

celokupno čovečanstvo

have relied upon artists to tell the human story,

se oslanjalo na umetnike da ispričaju ljudske priče,

and if the human story is finally told by men,

a ako ljudsku priču na kraju ispripoveda muškarac,

take my word for it,

verujte mi na reč,

it will be about men.

biće o muškracima.

So let's make a change.

Zato donesimo promenu.

Let's make a change to all our institutions,

Donesimo promenu u sve institucije,

and not just in the West.

i ne samo na Zapadu.

Don't forget -- this message of incapability of women

Ne zaboravite - ovu poruku o nesposobnosti žena

to hold creative genius

da sadrže kreativnu genijalnost

is being told to girls and women in Nigeria, in China, in Russia,

govore devojkama i ženama u Nigeriji, u Kini, u Rusiji,

in Indonesia.

u Indoneziji.

All over the world, girls and women are being told

Širom sveta, devojkama i ženama govore

that they can't finally hold the idea of creative inspiration.

da uopšte ne mogu da imaju zamisao o kreativnoj inspiraciji.

And I want to ask you:

I ja želim da vas pitam:

Do you believe that?

Da li verujete u to?

Do you believe that women can be a creative genius?

Da li verujete da žene ne mogu da budu kreativni genijalci?

(Applause and cheers)

(Aplauz i klicanje)

Well then, please go forward,

Pa, onda, molim vas, istupite,

support women artists,

podržite umetnice,

buy their work,

kupujte njihova dela,

insist that their voices are heard,

insistirajte da im se glasovi čuju,

find platforms on which their voices will be made.

pronađite platforme na kojima će njihovi glasovi da se oblikuju.

And remember this:

I setite se ovoga:

that in a sense, if we're going to get past this moment

da, na neki način, ako ćemo da prevaziđemo trenutak

of a world where we know that we are unequal,

u svetu gde znamo da nismo jednaki,

it's artists who have to imagine a different world.

umetnici su ti koji moraju da zamisle drugačiji svet.

And I'm calling on all artists, women and men,

I pozivam sve umetnike, žene i muškarce,

to imagine a gender-equal world.

da zamisle rodno jednak svet.

Let's paint it. Let's draw it.

Oslikajmo ga. Nacrtajmo ga.

Let's write about it. Let's film it.

Pišimo o njemu. Snimimo ga.

And if we could imagine it,

A ako možemo da ga zamislimo,

then we would have the energy and the stamina

onda ćemo da imamo energije i izdržljivosti

to work towards it.

da mu delamo u susret.

When I see this little girl,

Kada pogledam ovu devojčicu,

11,000 years ago,

od pre 11.000 godina,

I want to know that the little girl now

želim da znam da ta devojčica trenutno

can stand there and think she's entitled to her dreams,

može da stoji tu i misli da ima pravo na svoje snove,

she's entitled to her destiny

da ima pravo na svoju sudbinu

and she's entitled to speak on behalf of the whole world,

i da ima pravo da govori u ime čitavog sveta,

be recognized for it

da bude prepoznata po tome

and applauded.

i da joj aplaudiraju.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)