This is your brain on communication | Uri Hasson

Prevodilac: Ivana Krivokuća Lektor: Tijana Mihajlović

Imagine that you invented a device

Zamislite da ste izmislili napravu

that can record my memories,

koja može da zabeleži moja sećanja,

my dreams, my ideas,

moje snove, moje ideje

and transmit them to your brain.

i prenese ih u vaš mozak.

That would be a game-changing technology, right?

To bi bila tehnologija koja bi znatno promenila stvari, zar ne?

But in fact, we already possess this device,

Zapravo, mi već posedujemo tu napravu,

and it's called human communication system

a ona se zove sistem ljudske komunikacije

and effective storytelling.

i efikasno pripovedanje.

To understand how this device works,

Da bismo razumeli kako ova naprava funkcioniše,

we have to look into our brains.

moramo da pogledamo unutar našeg mozga.

And we have to formulate the question in a slightly different manner.

Moramo i da formulišemo pitanje na malo drugačiji način.

Now we have to ask

Moramo da se zapitamo

how these neuron patterns in my brain

kako se neuralni obrasci u mom mozgu

that are associated with my memories and ideas

koji su u vezi sa mojim sećanjima i idejama

are transmitted into your brains.

prenose u vaše mozgove.

And we think there are two factors that enable us to communicate.

Mislimo da postoje dva faktora koja nam omogućavaju da komuniciramo.

First, your brain is now physically coupled to the sound wave

Prvi - vaši mozgovi se sada nalaze u fizičkoj vezi sa zvučnim talasom

that I'm transmitting to your brain.

koji prenosim u vaše mozgove.

And second, we developed a common neural protocol

Drugi - razvili smo zajednički nervni protokol

that enabled us to communicate.

koji nam omogućava da komuniciramo.

So how do we know that?

Kako to znamo?

In my lab in Princeton,

U mojoj laboratoriji na Prinstonu

we bring people to the fMRI scanner and we scan their brains

stavljamo ljude pod MR skener i skeniramo njihov mozak

while they are either telling or listening to real-life stories.

dok pričaju ili slušaju priče iz stvarnog života.

And to give you a sense of the stimulus we are using,

Da bi vam dao predstavu o stimulusima koje koristimo,

let me play 20 seconds from a story that we used,

dopustite da vam pustim 20 sekundi iz priče koju smo koristili,

told by a very talented storyteller,

koju je ispričao veoma talentovani pripovedač,

Jim O'Grady.

Džim O'Grejdi.

(Audio) Jim O'Grady: So I'm banging out my story and I know it's good,

(Audio zapis) Džim O'Grejdi: Razbijam tako sa pričom i znam da je dobra,

and then I start to make it better --

a onda krenem da je poboljšavam -

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

by adding an element of embellishment.

dodavanjem ukrasnog elementa.

Reporters call this "making shit up."

Novinari to nazivaju stvaranjem izmišljotina.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

And they recommend against crossing that line.

Ne preporučuju prelaženje te linije,

But I had just seen the line crossed between a high-powered dean

ali sam upravo video da se ta linija prelazi

u slučaju moćnog dekana i napada sa pecivom,

and assault with a pastry.

And I kinda liked it."

a to mi se nekako svidelo.

Uri Hasson: OK, so now let's look into your brain

Uri Hason: U redu, hajde da sada pogledamo unutar vašeg mozga

and see what's happening when you listen to these kinds of stories.

i vidimo šta se dešava kada slušate ovakve priče.

Započnimo jednostavno -

And let's start simple -- let's start with one listener and one brain area:

započnimo sa jednim slušaocem i jednom oblašću mozga,

the auditory cortex that processes the sounds that come from the ear.

auditivnim korteksom koji obrađuje zvuke koji dolaze iz uha.

Kao što možete videti, u ovoj specifičnoj oblasti mozga

And as you can see, in this particular brain area,

the responses are going up and down as the story is unfolding.

reakcije idu gore i dole dok se priča odvija.

Now we can take these responses

Sada možemo da te reakcije

and compare them to the responses in other listeners

uporedimo sa reakcijama drugih slušalaca u istoj oblasti mozga.

in the same brain area.

And we can ask:

Možemo da postavimo pitanje

How similar are the responses across all listeners?

koliko su slične reakcije među svim slušaocima.

So here you can see five listeners.

Ovde imate pet slušalaca.

And we start to scan their brains before the story starts,

Počinjemo da im skeniramo mozak pre početka priče,

when they're simply lying in the dark and waiting for the story to begin.

kada samo leže u mraku i čekaju da priča počne.

Kao što možete videti,

As you can see,

oblast mozga ima reakcije koje se kreću gore-dole kod svakog od njih,

the brain area is going up and down in each one of them,

but the responses are very different,

ali su one veoma različite,

and not in sync.

a ne sinhronizovane.

However, immediately as the story is starting,

Međutim, u trenutku kada priča počinje,

something amazing is happening.

nešto neverovatno se dešava.

(Audio) JO: So I'm banging out my story and I know it's good,

DO: Razbijam tako sa pričom i znam da je dobra,

and then I start to make it --

a onda krenem da je poboljšavam...

UH: Suddenly, you can see that the responses in all of the subjects

UH: Odjednom možete videti da se reakcije svih subjekata

lock to the story,

vezuju za priču

and now they are going up and down in a very similar way

i da se sada kreću gore-dole na veoma sličan način

across all listeners.

kod svih slušalaca.

And in fact, this is exactly what is happening now in your brains

Zapravo, upravo to se sada dešava u vašim mozgovima

when you listen to my sound speaking.

dok slušate zvuk mog govora.

We call this effect "neural entrainment."

Ovaj efekat nazivamo „nervna usaglašenost“.

And to explain to you what is neural entrainment,

Da bih vam objasnio šta je nervna usaglašenost,

let me first explain what is physical entrainment.

dopustite da najpre objasnim šta je fizička usaglašenost.

So, we'll look and see five metronomes.

Pogledajmo i videćemo pet metronoma.

Think of these five metronomes as five brains.

Zamislite da ti metronomi predstavljaju pet mozgova.

And similar to the listeners before the story starts,

Slično slušaocima pre nego što priča započne,

these metronomes are going to click,

metronomi će kliknuti,

but they're going to click out of phase.

ali će kliknuti van faze.

(Clicking)

(Kliktanje)

Now see what will happen when I connect them together

Sada pogledajte šta će se dogoditi kada ih povežem

by placing them on these two cylinders.

tako što ću ih staviti na ova dva cilindra.

(Clicking)

(Kliktanje)

Now these two cylinders start to rotate.

Sada ova dva cilindra počinju da se okreću.

This rotation vibration is going through the wood

Ovo kružno okretanje ide kroz drvo

and is going to couple all the metronomes together.

i međusobno će uskladiti metronome.

And now listen to the click.

Sada slušajte kliktanje.

(Synchronized clicking)

(Sinhronizovano kliktanje)

This is what you call physical entrainment.

To je ono što biste nazvali fizička usaglašenost.

Now let's go back to the brain and ask:

Hajde da se sada vratimo na mozak i zapitamo se:

What's driving this neural entrainment?

šta pokreće nervnu usaglašenost?

Is it simply the sounds that the speaker is producing?

Da li su to jednostavno zvuci koje proizvodi onaj ko govori?

Or maybe it's the words.

Možda su u pitanju reči.

Or maybe it's the meaning that the speaker is trying to convey.

Možda je to značenje koje govornik pokušava da prenese.

So to test it, we did the following experiment.

Da bismo to proverili, sproveli smo sledeći eksperiment.

First, we took the story and played it backwards.

Najpre smo uzeli priču i pustili je unazad.

And that preserved many of the original auditory features,

To je očuvalo mnogo prvobitnih osobina zvuka,

but removed the meaning.

ali je uklonilo značenje.

And it sounds something like that.

Zvučalo je ovako nekako.

(Audio) JO: (Unintelligible)

(Audio zapis) DžO: (Nerazumljiv govor)

And we flashed colors in the two brains

Označili smo bojama dva mozga

to indicate brain areas that respond very similarly across people.

da bismo ukazali na oblasti mozga u kojima ljudi imaju vrlo slične reakcije.

And as you can see,

Kao što možete videti,

this incoming sound induced entrainment or alignment in all of the brains

dolazeći zvuk je proizveo usaglašenost ili usklađenost u svim mogovima

in auditory cortices that process the sounds,

u auditivnom korteksu koji obrađuje zvuk,

but it didn't spread deeper into the brain.

ali se nije proširio dublje u mozak.

Now we can take these sounds and build words out of it.

Možemo da uzmemo te zvukove i napravimo reči od njih.

So if we take Jim O'Grady and scramble the words,

Dakle, ako uzmemo priču Džima O'Grejdija i ispremeštamo reči, dobićemo spisak reči.

we'll get a list of words.

(Audio) JO: ... an animal ... assorted facts ...

(Audio zapis) DžO: ... životinja... odabrane činjenice...

and right on ... pie man ... potentially ... my stories

i upravo... čovek-pita... potencijalno... moje priče.

UH: And you can see that these words start to induce alignment

UH: Možete vidite da ove reči počinju da proizvode sklad

in early language areas, but not more than that.

u ranim oblastima za jezik, ali ne i izvan toga.

Now we can take the words and start to build sentences out of them.

Sada možemo da uzmemo reči i počnemo da pravimo rečenice od njih.

(Audio) JO: And they recommend against crossing that line.

(Audio zapis) DžO: Ne preporučuju prelaženje te linije.

He says: "Dear Jim, Good story. Nice details.

On kaže: „Dragi Džim, dobra priča, fini detalji.

Didn't she only know about him through me?"

Zar ona nije znala za njega samo preko mene?“

UH: Now you can see that the responses in all the language areas

UH: Sada možete videti da reakcije u svim oblastima za jezik

that process the incoming language

koje obrađuju dolazeći jezik

become aligned or similar across all listeners.

postaju usklađene ili slične kod svih slušalaca.

However, only when we use the full, engaging, coherent story

Međutim, samo kada koristimo celu, zanimljivu, povezanu priču,

do the responses spread deeper into the brain

reakcije počinju da se šire dublje unutar mozga

into higher-order areas,

u oblasti višeg reda,

which include the frontal cortex and the parietal cortex,

koje obuhvataju frontalni korteks i parijetalni korteks

and make all of them respond very similarly.

i dovode do toga da sve one vrlo slično reaguju.

And we believe that these responses in higher-order areas are induced

Smatramo da te reakcije u oblastima višeg reda nastaju

or become similar across listeners

ili postaju slične kod različitih slušalaca

because of the meaning conveyed by the speaker,

zbog značenja koje govornik prenosi,

and not by words or sound.

a ne zbog reči ili zvuka.

And if we are right, there's a strong prediction over here

Ako smo u pravu, postoji snažno predviđanje da,

if I tell you the exact same ideas

ako vam iznesem potpuno iste ideje

using two very different sets of words,

koristeći dva veoma različita skupa reči,

your brain responses will still be similar.

reakcije vašeg mozga i dalje će biti slične.

And to test it, we did the following experiment in my lab.

Da bismo to proverili, sproveli smo sledeći eksperiment u mojoj laboratoriji.

We took the English story

Uzeli smo priču na engleskom

and translated it to Russian.

i preveli je na ruski.

Now you have two different sounds and linguistic systems

Sada imate dva različita skupa zvukova i lingvistička sistema

that convey the exact same meaning.

koji prenose potpuno isto značenje.

And you play the English story to the English listeners

Pustite priču na engleskom slušaocu koji govori engleski,

and the Russian story to the Russian listeners,

a priču na ruskom slušaocu koji govori ruski

and we can compare their responses across the groups.

i možemo da uporedimo njihove reakcije između grupa.

And when we did that, we didn't see responses that are similar

Kada smo to uradili, nismo videli slične reakcije

in auditory cortices in language,

u auditivnom korteksu u pogledu jezika,

because the language and sound are very different.

jer se jezik i zvukovi veoma razlikuju.

However, you can see that the responses in high-order areas

Međutim, možete videti da su reakcije u oblastima višeg reda

were still similar across these two groups.

bili prilično slični između ove dve grupe.

We believe this is because they understood the story in a very similar way,

Mislimo da je to zato što su razumeli priču na vrlo sličan način,

as we confirmed, using a test after the story ended.

što smo potvrdili pomoću testa nakon što se priča završila.

And we think that this alignment is necessary for communication.

Smatramo da je ovo slaganje neophodno za komunikaciju.

For example, as you can tell,

Na primer, kao što možete primetiti,

I am not a native English speaker.

engleski nije moj maternji jezik.

I grew up with another language,

Odrastao sam uz drugi jezik,

and the same might be for many of you in the audience.

a verovatno isto važi za mnoge među vama u publici.

And still, we can communicate.

Ipak, možemo da komuniciramo.

How come?

Kako to?

We think we can communicate because we have this common code

Mislimo da možemo da komuniciramo jer imamo zajednički kod

that presents meaning.

koji predstavlja značenje.

So far, I've only talked about what's happening in the listener's brain,

Do sada sam samo govorio o tome šta se dešava u mozgu slušaoca,

in your brain, when you're listening to talks.

u vašem mozgu, dok slušate govore.

But what's happening in the speaker's brain, in my brain,

Međutim, šta se dešava u mozgu govornika, u mom mozgu,

when I'm speaking to you?

dok govorim pred vama?

To look in the speaker's brain,

Da bismo pogledali u mozak govornika,

we asked the speaker to go into the scanner,

zatražili smo od njega da dođe pod skener,

we scan his brain

skenirali smo mu mozak

and then compare his brain responses to the brain responses of the listeners

i zatim uporedili reakcije njegovog mozga sa reakcijama mozga slušalaca

listening to the story.

dok slušaju priču.

You have to remember that producing speech and comprehending speech

Morate se prisetiti da su proizvodnja i razumevanje govora

are very different processes.

veoma različiti procesi.

Here we're asking: How similar are they?

Ovde postavljamo pitanje koliko su slični.

To our surprise,

Na naše iznenađenje,

we saw that all these complex patterns within the listeners

videli smo da su svi ti složeni obrasci unutar mozga slušalaca

actually came from the speaker brain.

zapravo proizašli iz mozga govornika.

So production and comprehension rely on very similar processes.

Dakle, proizvodnja i razumevanje počivaju na veoma sličnim procesima.

And we also found

Takođe smo otkrili da,

the stronger the similarity between the listener's brain

što je veća sličnost između mozga slušaoca

and the speaker's brain,

i mozga govornika,

the better the communication.

utoliko je bolja komunikacija.

So I know that if you are completely confused now,

Dakle, znam da, ako ste sada sasvim zbunjeni,

and I do hope that this is not the case,

a nadam se da niste,

your brain responses are very different than mine.

reakcije vašeg mozga su veoma različite u odnosu na moje.

But I also know that if you really understand me now,

Takođe znam da, ako me sada zaista razumete,

then your brain ... and your brain ... and your brain

tada su vaš mozak, vaš mozak i vaš mozak

are really similar to mine.

veoma slični mom.

Now, let's take all this information together and ask:

Hajde da sada saberemo te informacije i postavimo pitanje

How can we use it to transmit a memory that I have

kako možemo ovo koristiti da bismo preneli sećanja koje ja imam

from my brain to your brains?

iz mog mozga u vaše.

So we did the following experiment.

Stoga smo sproveli sledeći eksperiment.

We let people watch, for the first time in their life,

Dali smo ljudima da gledaju, po prvi put u svom životu,

a TV episode from the BBC series "Sherlock," while we scanned their brains.

epizodu iz Bi-Bi-Sijeve serije „Šerlok“ dok smo im skenirali mozak.

And then we asked them to go back to the scanner

Zatim smo zatražili od njih da se vrate pod skener

and tell the story to another person that never watched the movie.

i ispričaju priču drugoj osobi koja nikada nije gledala film.

So let's be specific.

Hajde da budemo konkretni.

Think about this exact scene,

Uzmite ovu određenu scenu

when Sherlock is entering the cab in London

kada Šerlok ulazi u taksi u Londonu

driven by the murderer he is looking for.

koji vozi ubica kojeg traži.

With me, as a viewer,

Kod mene, kao gledaoca,

there is a specific brain pattern in my brain when I watch it.

javlja se određeni obrazac u mozgu dok to gledam.

Now, the exact same pattern, I can reactivate in my brain again

Isti taj obrazac mogu iznova da aktiviram u svom mozgu

by telling the word: Sherlock, London, murderer.

izgovaranjem reči „Šerlok“, „London“, „ubica“.

And when I'm transmitting these words to your brains now,

Kada te reči sada prenosim u vaše mozgove,

you have to reconstruct it in your mind.

morate to da rekonstruišete u svom umu.

In fact, we see that pattern emerging now in your brains.

Zapravo, vidimo da se taj obrazac sada javlja u vašim mozgovima.

And we were really surprised to see

Zaista smo se iznenadili kada smo videli

that the pattern you have now in your brains

da će obrasci koje sada imate u svojim mozgovima

when I'm describing to you these scenes

kada vam opisujem te scene

would be very similar to the pattern I had when I watched this movie

biti veoma slični obrascima koji sam imao pri gledanju filma

a few months ago in the scanner.

pre nekoliko meseci pod skenerom.

This starts to tell you about the mechanism

Ovo počinje da vam govori o mehanizmu

by which we can tell stories and transmit information.

pomoću kojeg možemo da pričamo priče i prenosimo informacije.

Because, for example,

Jer, na primer,

now you're listening really hard and trying to understand what I'm saying.

sada me slušate vrlo intenzivno i pokušavate da razumete šta govorim.

Znam da to nije lako,

And I know that it's not easy.

But I hope that at one point in the talk we clicked, and you got me.

ali se nadam da smo u jednom trenutku govora kliknuli i da ste me shvatili.

And I think that in a few hours, a few days, a few months,

Mislim da ćete za nekoliko sati, nekoliko dana ili meseci

you're going to meet someone at a party,

upoznati nekoga na žurci,

and you're going to tell him about this lecture,

da ćete mu ispričati o ovom predavanju

and suddenly it will be as if he is standing now here with us.

i da će iznenada biti kao da se sada nalazi ovde sa nama.

Now you can see how we can take this mechanism

Sada možete videti kako možemo upotrebiti ovaj mehanizam

and try to transmit memories and knowledge across people,

da pokušamo da prenesemo sećanja i znanje među ljudima,

which is wonderful, right?

što je sjajno, zar ne?

But our ability to communicate relies on our ability

Međutim, naša sposobnost komunikacije

počiva na našoj sposobnosti da imamo zajedničko tle.

to have common ground.

Because, for example,

Na primer,

if I'm going to use the British synonym

ako upotrebim britanski sinonim

"hackney carriage" instead of "cab,"

„najamna kola“ umesto „taksija“,

I know that I'm going to be misaligned with most of you in the audience.

znam da se neću poklopiti sa većinom vas u publici.

This alignment depends not only on our ability

To usklađivanje zavisi ne samo od naše sposobnosti

to understand the basic concept;

da razumemo osnovne koncepte;

it also depends on our ability to develop common ground and understanding

ono zavisi i od naše sposobnosti da razvijemo zajedničko tle,

razumevanje i zajednički sistem uverenja.

and shared belief systems.

Because we know that in many cases,

Jer svi znamo da u mnogim slučajevima

people understand the exact same story in very different ways.

ljudi razumeju potpuno istu priču na veoma različite načine.

So to test it in the lab, we did the following experiment.

Da bismo ovo proverili u laboratoriji, sproveli smo sledeći eksperiment.

We took a story by J.D. Salinger,

Uzeli smo priču Dž. D. Selindžera,

in which a husband lost track of his wife in the middle of a party,

u kojoj je muž izgubio ženu usred zabave

and he's calling his best friend, asking, "Did you see my wife?"

i zove svog najboljeg prijatelja da pita: „Jesi li video moju ženu?“

For half of the subjects,

Polovini subjekata rekli smo

we said that the wife was having an affair with the best friend.

da žena ima aferu sa najboljim prijateljem.

For the other half,

Drugoj polovini smo rekli

we said that the wife is loyal and the husband is very jealous.

da je žena verna i da je muž vrlo ljubomoran.

This one sentence before the story started

Ta jedna rečenica pre početka priče

was enough to make the brain responses

bila je dovoljna da učini da reakcije mozga

of all the people that believed the wife was having an affair

svih ljudi koji su verovali da žena ima aferu

be very similar in these high-order areas

budu veoma slične u ovim oblastima višeg reda

and different than the other group.

i različite u odnosu na drugu grupu.

And if one sentence is enough to make your brain similar

Ako je jedna rečenica dovoljna da učini vaš mozak sličnim

to people that think like you

kao i kod ljudi koji misle kao vi

i vrlo različitim u odnosu na ljude koji misle različito u odnosu na vas,

and very different than people that think differently than you,

think how this effect is going to be amplified in real life,

pomislite koliko će taj efekat biti pojačan u stvarnom životu,

when we are all listening to the exact same news item

kada svi slušamo potpuno iste teme u vestima

after being exposed day after day after day

nakon što se one dan za danom iznose

to different media channels, like Fox News or The New York Times,

na različitim medijskim kanalima, poput Foks njuza ili Njujork tajmsa,

that give us very different perspectives on reality.

koji nam daju vrlo različita sagledavanja stvarnosti.

So let me summarize.

Dakle, dozvolite da rezimiram.

If everything worked as planned tonight,

Ako je večeras sve proteklo po planu,

I used my ability to vocalize sound to be coupled to your brains.

koristio sam svoju sposobnost izgovaranja zvukova

za povezivanje sa vašim mozgovima i koristio sam to spajanje

And I used this coupling

to transmit my brain patterns associated with my memories and ideas

da bih preneo svoje moždane obrasce povezane sa svojim sećanjima i idejama

into your brains.

u vaše mozgove.

In this, I start to reveal the hidden neural mechanism

Ovim počinjem da razotkrivam skriveni nervni mehanizam

by which we communicate.

pomoću kojeg komuniciramo.

And we know that in the future it will enable us to improve

Znamo da će nam on u budućnosti omogućiti da unapredimo

and facilitate communication.

i olakšamo komunikaciju.

But these studies also reveal

Međutim, ova istraživanja takođe otkrivaju

that communication relies on a common ground.

da komunikacija počiva na zajedničkom tlu.

And we have to be really worried as a society

Moramo da se zaista zabrinemo kao društvo

if we lose this common ground and our ability to speak with people

ako izgubimo to zajedničko tle i našu sposobnost da govorimo sa ljudima

that are slightly different than us

koji su malo drugačiji od nas

because we let a few very strong media channels

jer smo dopustili da nekoliko vrlo jakih medijskih kanala

take control of the mic,

preuzmu kontrolu nad mikrofonom,

and manipulate and control the way we all think.

da manipulišu i kontrolišu način na koji svi mi razmišljamo.

And I'm not sure how to fix it because I'm only a scientist.

Nisam siguran kako to da popravim jer sam samo naučnik.

But maybe one way to do it

Možda je jedan od načina za to

is to go back to the more natural way of communication,

da se vratimo na prirodnije načine komunikacije, a to je dijalog,

which is a dialogue,

in which it's not only me speaking to you now,

u kome sada ne govorim samo ja pred vama,

but a more natural way of talking,

već prirodniji način razgovaranja

in which I am speaking and I am listening,

u kojem govorim i slušam,

and together we are trying to come to a common ground and new ideas.

a zajedno pokušavamo da stvorimo zajedničko tle i nove ideje.

Because after all,

Jer, na kraju krajeva,

the people we are coupled to define who we are.

ljudi sa kojima smo povezani definišu ono što jesmo.

And our desire to be coupled to another brain

Naša želja da se povežemo sa drugim mozgom

is something very basic that starts at a very early age.

predstavlja nešto vrlo bazično što počinje u vrlo ranom uzrastu.

So let me finish with an example from my own private life

Dozvolite da završim primerom iz svog privatnog života

that I think is a good example of how coupling to other people

za koji smatram da je dobar primer za to kako povezivanje sa drugim ljudima

is really going to define who we are.

zaista definiše ono što jesmo.

This my son Jonathan at a very early age.

Ovo je moj sin Jonatan u vrlo ranom uzrastu.

See how he developed a vocal game together with my wife,

Vidite kako je razvio igru glasova sa mojom ženom,

only from the desire and pure joy of being coupled to another human being.

samo iz želje i čiste radosti povezivanja sa drugim ljudskim bićem.

(Both vocalizing)

(Oboje vokalizuju)

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Now, think how the ability of my son

Razmislite o tome kako će sposobnost mog sina

to be coupled to us and other people in his life

da se poveže sa nama i drugim ljudima u svom životu

is going to shape the man he is going to become.

oblikovati čoveka koji će on postati.

And think how you change on a daily basis

Razmislite i o tome koliko se vi menjate iz dana u dan

from the interaction and coupling to other people in your life.

usled interakcije i povezivanja sa drugim ljudima u svom životu.

So keep being coupled to other people.

Stoga nastavite da se povezujete sa drugima.

Keep spreading your ideas,

Nastavite da širite svoje ideje,

because the sum of all of us together, coupled,

jer je skup svih nas zajedno, povezanih,

is greater than our parts.

veći od naših delova.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)