What we're missing in the debate about immigration | Duarte Geraldino

Prevodilac: Mirjana Čutura Lektor: Tijana Mihajlović

So, Ma was trying to explain something to me

Mama je pokušavala da mi objasni nešto

about Grandma and when they grew up,

o baki i njihovom odrastanju,

but I couldn't pay attention to her

ali nisam mogao da obratim pažnju na nju

because I was five years old, and I was petrified.

jer sam imao pet godina i bio sam prestrašen.

I had just seen The Green Lady.

Upravo sam video Zelenu damu.

Now, about a week earlier, I'd watched that movie "Godzilla,"

Oko nedelju dana pre toga pogledao sam taj film, „Godzilu“,

the one about that huge lizard-like beast storming a major city,

onaj o ogromnom čudovištu nalik gušteru koje napada veliki grad,

and the thought of a green monster coming for me was stuck in my mind.

i ideja o zelenom čudovištu koji me vreba mi je bila usađena u glavu.

And yet there I was, at the tip of Lower Manhattan with my mom,

Ipak, bio sam tamo, na krajnjem delu donjeg Menhetna, sa svojom mamom

just staring at her:

i samo sam zurio u nju:

her horns,

njene rogove,

her muscles --

njene mišiće -

all of it just frightened me.

sve to me je plašilo.

And I didn't know whether she was a monster or a hero.

Nisam znao da li je bila čudovište ili heroj.

So I decided to consult the Google of the day --

Stoga sam odlučio da konsultujem tadašnji Gugl:

"Ma! Ma!"

„Mama! Mama!“

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

My mother explained that The Green Lady is actually the Statue of Liberty

Moja majka je objasnila da je Zelena dama u stvari Kip slobode

and that she was waving immigrants in.

i da je ona mahala imigrantima da uđu.

Now, the part of her explanation that really messed with my young head

Deo njenog objašnjenja koji je zaista napravio pometnju u mojoj maloj glavi

was the fact that, according to Ma,

je bila činjenica da je, po maminim rečima,

long before us,

mnogo pre nas

The Green Lady was actually brown,

Zelena dama, u stvari, bila smeđa,

brown like me,

smeđa kao ja,

and that she changed colors over the years,

i da je promenila boju tokom godina

much like America.

baš kao i Amerika.

Now, the part that really is intriguing about this

Deo koji je zaista intrigantan o ovome

is that when she changed colors,

je da, kada je ona promenila boju,

she made me think about myself.

naterala me je da razmišljam o sebi.

It all made sense to me,

Sve je mi to imalo smisla,

because as a first-generation American,

jer sam, kao Amerikanac prve generacije,

I was surrounded by immigrants.

bio okružen imigrantima.

In fact, within my immediate social circle of the people who support me,

U stvari, u mom neposrednom društvenom krugu ljudi koji me podržavaju,

who enrich my life,

koji obogaćuju moj život,

at least two are foreign-born.

makar dvoje je stranog porekla.

My life as a US citizen is in many ways shaped by newcomers,

Moj život kao američkog državljanina je na mnoge načine oblikovan doseljenicima,

and chances are,

a verovatno je i vaš.

so is yours.

There are more than 40 million immigrants in the USA.

Postoji više od 40 miliona imigranata u SAD.

According to census data,

Prema popisu,

a quarter of the nation's children have at least one foreign-born parent.

četvrtina dece u ovoj naciji ima makar jednog roditelja stranog porekla.

I know all these statistics because I study global migration patterns.

Znam sve ove statističke podatke jer proučavam globalne migracione obrasce.

I'm a journalist, and for the last few years,

Novinar sam i nekoliko poslednjih godina

I've been documenting the lives of US citizens

dokumentujem živote američkih državljana

who've lost people to deportation.

koji su izgubili nekog zbog deportacije.

And the numbers are enormous.

Brojevi su ogromni.

Od 2008. do 2016. godine

From 2008 to 2016,

more than three million people were "ordered removed" --

više od tri miliona ljudi je dobilo „naredbu da se uklone“ -

that's the technical term for being deported.

to je tehnički izraz za deportaciju.

There is an economic, a political, a psychological and an emotional cost

Postoji ekonomska, politička, psihološka i emotivna cena

to those deportations --

ovih deportacija -

the moments when these circles are broken.

trenuci kada se ovi krugovi razbiju.

I once asked a US soldier,

Jednom sam pitao američkog vojnika:

"Why did you volunteer to fight this war?"

„Zašto si se prijavila da se boriš u ovom ratu?“

And she told me,

Rekla mi je:

„Zato što sam ponosna što branim svoju zemlju.“

"Because I'm proud to defend my country."

But I pressed to know --

Ali, navalio sam:

"Really, when you're on base,

„Zaista, kada si u bazi,

and you hear bombs exploding in the distance,

i čuješ eksplozije bombi u daljini

and you see soldiers coming back who are gravely injured,

i vidiš vojnike koji se vraćaju ozbiljno ranjeni,

in that moment, when you know you could be next,

u tom trenutku, kada znaš da možeš biti sledeća,

what does 'my country' mean?"

šta ti 'moja zemlja' znači?“

She looked at me.

Pogledala me je.

"My country is my wife,

„Moja zemlja je moja žena,

my family,

moja porodica,

my friends, my soldiers."

moji prijatelji, moji vojnici.“

What she was telling me

Ono što mi je govorila je

is that "my country" is a collection of these strong relationships;

da je „moja zemlja“ zbir ovih jakih veza,

these social circles.

ovih društvenih krugova.

When the social circles are weakened,

Kada se društveni krugovi oslabe,

a country itself is weaker.

i sama zemlja je slabija.

We're missing a crucial aspect in the debate about immigration policy.

Propuštamo presudan aspekt u debati o imigracionoj politici.

Rather than focusing on individuals,

Umesto da se fokusiramo na pojedince,

we should focus on the circles around them,

treba da se fokusiramo na krugove oko njih

because these are the people who are left behind:

jer to su ljudi koji ostaju iza njih:

the voters, the taxpayers,

glasači, poreski obveznici,

the ones who are suffering that loss.

oni koji trpe taj gubitak.

And it's not just the children of the deported

I nisu samo deca deportovanih

who are impacted.

ona koja trpe.

You have brothers and sisters who are separated by borders.

Imate braću i sestre koji su razdvojeni granicama.

You have classmates, teachers, law enforcement officers,

Imate školske drugove, učitelje, policajce,

technologists, scientists, doctors,

tehnologe, naučnike, doktore,

who are all scrambling to make sense of new realities

koji se svi bore da razumeju novu stvarnost

when their social circles are broken.

kada se njihovi društveni krugovi razbiju.

These are the real lives behind all these statistics

Ovo su stvarni životi iza svih ovih statističkih podataka

that dominate discussions about immigration policy.

koji dominiraju diskusijama o imigracionoj politici.

Ipak, mi često ne mislimo na njih.

But we don't often think about them.

Ja pokušavam da to promenim.

And I'm trying to change that.

Here's just one of the real-life stories that I've collected.

Ovo je samo jedna od stvarnih životnih priča koju sam prikupio.

And it still haunts me.

I još uvek me proganja.

I met Ramon and his son in 2016,

Upoznao sam Ramona i njegovog sina 2016. godine,

the same year both of them were being ordered out of the country.

iste godine kada je obojici bilo naređeno da napuste zemlju.

Ramon was being deported to Latin America,

Ramon je bio deportovan u Latinsku Ameriku,

while his son, who was a sergeant in the US military,

dok je njegov sin, narednik u američkoj vojci,

was being deployed.

dobio prekomandu.

Deported ...

Deportovan,

deployed.

prekomandovan.

If you just look at Ramon's case,

Ako pogledate samo Ramonov slučaj,

it wouldn't be clear how deeply connected to the country he is.

ne bi bilo jasno koliko je duboko vezan za zemlju.

But consider his son:

Ali, uzmite u obzir njegovog sina,

a US citizen defending a country that's banished his father.

američkog državljanina koji brani zemlju koja je prognala njegovog oca.

The social circle is what's key here.

Društveni krug je ključan ovde.

Here's another example that illustrates those critical bonds.

Evo još jednog primera koji ilustruje te ključne veze.

A group of citizens in Philadelphia were concerned about their jobs,

Grupa građana u Filadelfiji je bila zabrinuta za svoja radna mesta

because the legal owner of the restaurant where they worked

jer je zakonski vlasnik restorana u kojem su radili

was an undocumented immigrant,

bio nedokumentovani imigrant

and immigration officials had picked him up.

i imigracioni zvaničnici su ga uhapsili.

They rallied behind him.

Okupili su se oko njega.

An immigration lawyer argued

Imigracioni advokat je tvrdio

he was too important to the local community

da je suviše važan za lokalnu zajednicu

to be deported.

da bi bio deportovan.

At the hearing, they even submitted restaurant reviews --

Na saslušanju su čak podneli javne ocene restorana -

restaurant reviews!

javne ocene restorana!

In the end, a judge exercised what's called "judicial discretion"

Na kraju, sudija je pribegao onome što se zove „sudijsko diskreciono pravo“

and allowed him to stay in the country,

i dozvolio mu da ostane u zemlji,

ali samo zato što su uzeli u obzir društveni krug.

but only because they considered the social circle.

There are 23 million noncitizens in the USA,

Ima 23 miliona ljudi bez američkog državljanstva u SAD

according to verifiable federal data.

prema pouzdanim federalnim podacima.

And that doesn't include the undocumented,

To ne uključuje nedokumentovane

because numbers for that population are at best complex estimates.

jer je njihov broj, u najboljem slučaju, kompleksna procena.

Let's just work with what we have.

Hajde da radimo samo sa onim što imamo.

That's 23 million social circles --

To je 23 miliona društvenih krugova -

about 100 million individuals

oko 100 miliona pojedinaca

whose lives could be impacted by deportation.

na čije živote deportacija može uticati.

And the stress of it all is trickling down through the population.

A stres oko svega toga se širi kroz narod.

A 2017 poll by UCLA of LA County residents

Anketa stanovnika losanđeleskog okruga

od strane kalifornijskog univerziteta iz 2017. godine je otkrila

found that 30 percent of citizens in LA County

da je 30 posto građana losanđeleskog okruga

are stressed about deportation,

pod stresom zbog deportacije -

ne zato što oni sami mogu biti uklonjeni,

not because they themselves could be removed,

but rather, because members of their social circle were at risk.

već zato što su članovi njihovog društvenog kruga imali taj rizik.

I am not suggesting that no one should ever be deported;

Ne predlažem da niko nikada ne treba da bude deportovan;

don't confuse me with that.

nemojte me pogrešno shvatiti.

But what I am saying is that we need to look at the bigger picture.

Međutim, ono što kažem je da treba da sagledamo širu perspektivu.

If you are within the sound of my voice,

Ako me čujete,

želim da zatvorite oči na trenutak

I want you to close your eyes for a moment

and examine your own social circle.

i ispitate svoj lični društveni krug.

Who are your foreign-born?

Ko je stranog porekla?

What would it feel like if the circle were broken?

Kako biste se osećali da se taj krug razbije?

Share your story.

Podelite svoju priču.

I'm building a global archive of first-person accounts

Pravim globalnu arhivu priča iz prve ruke

and linking them with mapping technology,

i povezujem ih sa tehnologijom izrade mapa,

so that we can see exactly where these circles break,

tako da možemo tačno da vidimo gde se ovi krugovi razbijaju,

because this is not just an American issue.

jer ovo nije problem samo u Americi.

There are a quarter-billion migrants around the world;

Ima 250 miliona migranata širom sveta -

ljudi koji žive, vole i uče u zemljama u kojima nisu rođeni.

people living, loving and learning in countries where they were not born.

And in my career, in my life, I've been one of them:

U mojoj karijeri, u mom životu, bio sam jedan od njih

in China, in Africa, in Europe.

u Kini, u Africi, u Evropi.

And each time I become one of these foreigners --

Svaki put kada postanem jedan od ovih stranaca -

one of these strange-looking guys in a new land --

jedan od ovih momaka čudnog izgleda u novoj zemlji -

I can't help but think back to that day

ne mogu da ne pomislim na taj dan

when I was in Lower Manhattan with my mom

kada sam bio u donjem Menhetnu sa mamom

all those decades ago,

pre toliko desetina godina,

when I was scared,

kada sam bio uplašen

i kada sam ugledao tu Zelenu damu.

and I had just spotted that green lady.

And I guess the question that I keep on thinking about

Pretpostavljam da je pitanje o kojem nastavljam da razmišljam

when I see her

kada vidim nju

i sve njene mlađe replike koje su tako očigledno smeđe,

and all the younger replicas of her that are so obviously brown,

and even the paintings that showcase her in the beginning

čak i slike koje je prikazuju na početku

as not quite green --

kao ne toliko zelenu -

when I look at all of that,

kada vidim sve to,

pitanje na koje moje istraživanje pokušava da odgovori

the question that my research seeks to answer

becomes, to me, the same one that confounded me all those years ago:

postaje, za mene, isto ono koje me je zbunjivalo pre toliko godina:

Is she a monster

da li je ona čudovište

ili heroj?

or a hero?

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)