What we're missing in the debate about immigration | Duarte Geraldino

82,154 views ใƒป 2017-10-04

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ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Shlomo Adam ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:13
So, Ma was trying to explain something to me
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ืืžื ื ื™ืกืชื” ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื™ ืžืฉื”ื• ืขืœ ืกื‘ืชื ื•ืื™ืš ื”ืŸ ื’ื“ืœื•,
00:15
about Grandma and when they grew up,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœื”
00:17
but I couldn't pay attention to her
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ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืŸ ื—ืžืฉ ื•ืื—ื•ื–-ืื™ืžื”.
00:19
because I was five years old, and I was petrified.
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00:21
I had just seen The Green Lady.
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ื–ื” ืขืชื” ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื”.
00:24
Now, about a week earlier, I'd watched that movie "Godzilla,"
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ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ "ื’ื•ื“ื–ื™ืœื”",
00:27
the one about that huge lizard-like beast storming a major city,
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ืขืœ ื—ื™ื” ืขื ืงื™ืช ื“ืžื•ื™ืช ืœื˜ืื” ืฉืžื—ืจื™ื‘ื” ืขื™ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœื”,
ื•ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืขืœ ืžืคืœืฆืช ื™ืจื•ืงื” ืฉืžืชื ืคืœืช ืขืœื™ ื ืฉืืจื” ืœื™ ื‘ืจืืฉ.
00:31
and the thought of a green monster coming for me was stuck in my mind.
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00:35
And yet there I was, at the tip of Lower Manhattan with my mom,
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ื•ื”ื ื”, ืขืžื“ืชื™ ืฉื, ื‘ืงืฆื” ื“ืจื•ื ืžื ื”ื˜ืŸ, ืขื ืื™ืžื™,
00:39
just staring at her:
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ื•ื‘ื”ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื”:
00:40
her horns,
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ื”ืงืจื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”,
00:42
her muscles --
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ื”ืฉืจื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœื” --
00:43
all of it just frightened me.
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ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื”ืคื—ื™ื“ ืื•ืชื™ ื ื•ืจื.
00:44
And I didn't know whether she was a monster or a hero.
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ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืื ื–ืืช ืžืคืœืฆืช ืื• ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื”.
00:49
So I decided to consult the Google of the day --
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ืื– ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ื‘"ื’ื•ื’ืœ" ืฉืœ ืื– --
00:52
"Ma! Ma!"
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"ืืžื, ืืžื!"
00:53
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:55
My mother explained that The Green Lady is actually the Statue of Liberty
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ืื™ืžื™ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืœื™ ืฉื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื” ื”ื™ื ืคืกืœ ื”ื—ื™ืจื•ืช
ื•ื”ื™ื ืžื ื•ืคืคืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ืฉืœื•ื ืœืžื”ื’ืจื™ื ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื™ื.
01:00
and that she was waving immigrants in.
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01:02
Now, the part of her explanation that really messed with my young head
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ื‘ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืฉืœื”, ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืœื™ ื‘ืœื’ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ื— ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ืฉืœื™,
01:06
was the fact that, according to Ma,
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ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ืืžื,
01:09
long before us,
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื–ืžื ื ื•,
01:11
The Green Lady was actually brown,
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ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขืฆื ื—ื•ืžื”,
01:15
brown like me,
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ื—ื•ืžื”, ื›ืžื•ื ื™.
01:16
and that she changed colors over the years,
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ื•ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื” ืฆื‘ืขื™ื,
01:19
much like America.
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ื“ื™ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืืžืจื™ืงื”.
01:21
Now, the part that really is intriguing about this
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ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื›ื™ ืžืกืงืจืŸ ื›ืืŸ
01:26
is that when she changed colors,
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื—ืœืคืช ื”ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ืฉืœื”
01:28
she made me think about myself.
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ื’ืจืžื” ืœื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื™.
01:30
It all made sense to me,
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ื”ื›ืœ ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืœื™, ื›ื™ ื›ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ ื“ื•ืจ-ืจืืฉื•ืŸ,
01:31
because as a first-generation American,
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01:33
I was surrounded by immigrants.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื•ืงืฃ ื‘ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื.
01:35
In fact, within my immediate social circle of the people who support me,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื‘ื—ื•ื’ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื”ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™, ืฉืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื™,
01:39
who enrich my life,
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ืฉืžืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื—ื™ื™,
01:40
at least two are foreign-born.
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ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื ื•ืœื“ื• ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ.
01:43
My life as a US citizen is in many ways shaped by newcomers,
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ื—ื™ื™ ื›ืื–ืจื— ืืจื”"ื‘ ืขื•ืฆื‘ื• ื‘ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืขื•ืœื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื,
01:46
and chances are,
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ื•ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžืื“ ืฉื›ืš ื’ื ื—ื™ื™ื›ื.
01:48
so is yours.
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01:49
There are more than 40 million immigrants in the USA.
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ื™ืฉ ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-40 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื.
ืœืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืžืคืงื“ ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื,
01:53
According to census data,
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01:54
a quarter of the nation's children have at least one foreign-born parent.
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ืœืจื‘ืข ืžื™ืœื“ื™ ื”ืื•ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื”ื•ืจื” ืื—ื“ ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ.
01:59
I know all these statistics because I study global migration patterns.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืงืจ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื™ื.
02:04
I'm a journalist, and for the last few years,
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ืื ื™ ืขื™ืชื•ื ืื™, ื•ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืชื™ืขื“ืชื™ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ื™ื
02:06
I've been documenting the lives of US citizens
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ืฉืื™ื‘ื“ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉ.
02:09
who've lost people to deportation.
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02:11
And the numbers are enormous.
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ื•ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื”ื ืขืฆื•ืžื™ื.
ืž-2008 ื•ืขื“ 2016
02:14
From 2008 to 2016,
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02:16
more than three million people were "ordered removed" --
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ืžืขืœ 3 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• "ืฆื• ืกื™ืœื•ืง" --
02:19
that's the technical term for being deported.
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ื”ืžื•ื ื— ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™ ืœื’ื™ืจื•ืฉ.
02:23
There is an economic, a political, a psychological and an emotional cost
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ื™ืฉ ืžื—ื™ืจ ื›ืœื›ืœื™, ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™, ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื•ืจื’ืฉื™ ืœื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” --
02:28
to those deportations --
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02:30
the moments when these circles are broken.
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ื”ืจื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ื—ื•ื’ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžืชืคื•ืจืจื™ื.
02:33
I once asked a US soldier,
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ืฉืืœืชื™ ืคืขื ื—ื™ื™ืœืช ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช,
02:35
"Why did you volunteer to fight this war?"
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"ืœืžื” ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ื–ืืช?"
02:37
And she told me,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืขื ืชื”, "ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื’ืื” ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืืจืฆื™."
02:39
"Because I'm proud to defend my country."
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžืฉื›ืชื™ ืœืœื—ื•ืฅ: "ื‘ืืžืช, ื›ืฉืืช ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก,
02:41
But I pressed to know --
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02:42
"Really, when you're on base,
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"ื•ืืช ืฉื•ืžืขืช ืคื™ืฆื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ืžืจื—ืง,
02:44
and you hear bombs exploding in the distance,
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02:46
and you see soldiers coming back who are gravely injured,
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"ื•ืืช ืจื•ืื” ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืฉื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืคืฆื•ืขื™ื ืงืฉื”,
"ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืจื’ืข, ื›ืฉื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœืš ืฉืืช ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื‘ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจ,
02:50
in that moment, when you know you could be next,
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"ืžื” ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ 'ืืจืฆื™'?"
02:54
what does 'my country' mean?"
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02:56
She looked at me.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื™.
02:58
"My country is my wife,
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"ืืจืฆื™ ื”ื™ื ืืฉืชื™,
03:00
my family,
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"ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™,
03:01
my friends, my soldiers."
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"ื—ื‘ืจื™, ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœื™." ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขืฆื ืืžืจื” ืœื™,
03:03
What she was telling me
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03:04
is that "my country" is a collection of these strong relationships;
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ืฉ"ืืจืฆื™" ื”ื•ื ืื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช-ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืงื•ืช;
ืื•ืชื ื—ื•ื’ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื.
03:08
these social circles.
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03:10
When the social circles are weakened,
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ื›ืฉื ื—ืœืฉื™ื ื”ื—ื•ื’ื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื,
03:12
a country itself is weaker.
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ื ื—ืœืฉืช ื”ืืจืฅ ืขืฆืžื”.
03:15
We're missing a crucial aspect in the debate about immigration policy.
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ื—ืกืจ ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ืžื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื”.
03:18
Rather than focusing on individuals,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืื“ื ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“
03:20
we should focus on the circles around them,
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ื—ื•ื’ื™ื ืฉืžืงื™ืคื™ื ืื•ืชื•,
03:23
because these are the people who are left behind:
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ื›ื™ ืืœื” ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื•ืชืจื™ื ืžืื—ื•ืจ:
03:26
the voters, the taxpayers,
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ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื, ืžืฉืœืžื™ ื”ืžืกื™ื,
03:28
the ones who are suffering that loss.
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ืืœื” ืฉืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžื”ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ื”ื–ื”.
03:31
And it's not just the children of the deported
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืœื ืจืง ืขืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื’ื•ืจืฉื™ื;
03:33
who are impacted.
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03:34
You have brothers and sisters who are separated by borders.
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ื™ืฉ ืื—ื™ื ื•ืื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื•ืคืจื“ื™ื ืข"ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช.
03:37
You have classmates, teachers, law enforcement officers,
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ื™ืฉ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื, ืžื•ืจื™ื, ืื ืฉื™ ืื›ื™ืคืช ื—ื•ืง,
03:40
technologists, scientists, doctors,
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ืื ืฉื™ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”, ืžื“ืขื ื™ื, ืจื•ืคืื™ื -
03:42
who are all scrambling to make sense of new realities
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ื›ื•ืœื ื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื ื•ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืชืžืฆื ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช
03:46
when their social circles are broken.
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ื›ืฉื—ื•ื’ื™ื”ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืžืชืคืจืงื™ื.
03:49
These are the real lives behind all these statistics
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ื™ืฉ ืื ืฉื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื”
03:53
that dominate discussions about immigration policy.
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ืฉื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื˜ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื”.
ืื‘ืœ ืื™ื ื ื• ืžืจื‘ื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ื.
03:56
But we don't often think about them.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”.
03:58
And I'm trying to change that.
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03:59
Here's just one of the real-life stories that I've collected.
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ื”ื ื” ืขื•ื“ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืืกืคืชื™.
04:04
And it still haunts me.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื“ืฃ ืื•ืชื™.
04:06
I met Ramon and his son in 2016,
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ืืช ืจืืžื•ืŸ ื•ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ื‘-2016,
04:10
the same year both of them were being ordered out of the country.
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ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ืฉื‘ื” ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืฆื• ืกื™ืœื•ืง ืžื”ืืจืฅ.
04:14
Ramon was being deported to Latin America,
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ืจืืžื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื’ืœื” ืœืืžืจื™ืงื” ื”ืœื˜ื™ื ื™ืช,
04:18
while his son, who was a sergeant in the US military,
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ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื ื•, ืกืžืœ ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืืจื”"ื‘,
04:21
was being deployed.
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ื”ื•ืฆื‘ ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ืช.
04:24
Deported ...
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ื–ื” ื”ื•ื’ืœื”
04:26
deployed.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื•ืฆื‘.
04:28
If you just look at Ramon's case,
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ืื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืจืง ืœืจืืžื•ืŸ,
04:31
it wouldn't be clear how deeply connected to the country he is.
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ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืืจืฆื•.
04:35
But consider his son:
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ืื‘ืœ ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื‘ื ื•:
04:37
a US citizen defending a country that's banished his father.
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ืื–ืจื— ืืจื”"ื‘ ืฉืžื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืืจืฆื•, ืฉื’ื™ืจืฉื” ืืช ืื‘ื™ื•.
04:41
The social circle is what's key here.
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ื”ื—ื•ื’ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืžืžืœื ื›ืืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™.
04:43
Here's another example that illustrates those critical bonds.
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ื”ื ื” ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืžืžื—ื™ืฉื” ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื”ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
04:47
A group of citizens in Philadelphia were concerned about their jobs,
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ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื‘ืคื™ืœื“ืœืคื™ื” ื ืขืฉืชื” ืžื•ื“ืื’ืช ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”,
04:50
because the legal owner of the restaurant where they worked
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ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื‘ืขืœื™ื” ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืกืขื“ื” ื‘ื” ืขื‘ื“ื•
04:53
was an undocumented immigrant,
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ื”ื™ื” ืžื”ื’ืจ ืœื-ืจืฉื•ื,
04:55
and immigration officials had picked him up.
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ื•ืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ืชืคืกื• ืื•ืชื•.
04:58
They rallied behind him.
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ื”ื ื”ืชืืจื’ื ื• ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื•.
04:59
An immigration lawyer argued
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ืขื•"ื“ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื˜ืขืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื“ื™ ืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช
05:01
he was too important to the local community
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ืžื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื’ื•ืจืฉ.
05:03
to be deported.
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05:04
At the hearing, they even submitted restaurant reviews --
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ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืข ื”ื•ืฆื’ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืขื“ื” --
05:08
restaurant reviews!
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ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืื•ื›ืœ!
05:10
In the end, a judge exercised what's called "judicial discretion"
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ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ ื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืžื” ืฉืžื›ื•ื ื” "ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืช ืฉื™ืคื•ื˜ื™"
05:15
and allowed him to stay in the country,
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ื•ื”ืจืฉื” ืœื• ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ืืจืฅ,
ืื‘ืœ ืจืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื—ื•ื’ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื ืœืงื— ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ.
05:17
but only because they considered the social circle.
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05:21
There are 23 million noncitizens in the USA,
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ื™ืฉ ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ 23 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืœื-ืื–ืจื—ื™ื,
05:26
according to verifiable federal data.
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ืœืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืคื“ืจืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื™-ืื™ืžื•ืช,
05:28
And that doesn't include the undocumented,
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ื•ื–ื” ืœื ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ื”ืœื-ืจืฉื•ืžื™ื,
05:30
because numbers for that population are at best complex estimates.
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ื›ื™ ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื ืœื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช.
ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืจืง ืœืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื•.
05:34
Let's just work with what we have.
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05:36
That's 23 million social circles --
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ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘-23 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื’ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื --
05:39
about 100 million individuals
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ื›-100 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื
05:42
whose lives could be impacted by deportation.
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ืฉื”ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื”ื.
05:45
And the stress of it all is trickling down through the population.
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ื•ื”ืœื—ืฅ ืฉื–ื” ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืžื—ืœื—ืœ ืœื›ืœ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื”.
05:49
A 2017 poll by UCLA of LA County residents
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ืกืงืจ ืฉืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื” ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ืœื•ืก-ืื ื’'ืœืก ื‘-2017 ืžืฆื
05:52
found that 30 percent of citizens in LA County
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ืฉ-30% ืžืื–ืจื—ื™ ืžื—ื•ื– ืœื•ืก-ืื ื’'ืœืก
05:56
are stressed about deportation,
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ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืชื— ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉ,
ืœื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื ืขืฆืžื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื’ื•ืจืฉื™ื,
05:59
not because they themselves could be removed,
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ืืœื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืฉื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื’ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืฉืœื”ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื›ื–ื”.
06:02
but rather, because members of their social circle were at risk.
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06:07
I am not suggesting that no one should ever be deported;
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื’ืจืฉ ืื™ืฉ;
06:10
don't confuse me with that.
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ืืœ ืชื˜ืขื• ื‘ื™.
06:12
But what I am saying is that we need to look at the bigger picture.
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ืื ื™ ืจืง ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ืฉืœืžื”.
06:17
If you are within the sound of my voice,
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ืœืžื™ ืฉืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืื•ืชื™,
ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชืขืฆืžื• ืืช ืขื™ื ื™ื›ื ืœืจื’ืข
06:20
I want you to close your eyes for a moment
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06:22
and examine your own social circle.
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ื•ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื’ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืฉืœื›ื.
06:25
Who are your foreign-born?
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ืžื™ ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื• ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ?
ืžื” ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืื ื”ื—ื•ื’ ื”ื–ื” ื™ืชืคื•ืจืจ?
06:28
What would it feel like if the circle were broken?
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06:32
Share your story.
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ืฉืชืคื• ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœื›ื.
06:34
I'm building a global archive of first-person accounts
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ืื ื™ ื‘ื•ื ื” ืืจื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืฉืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื’ื•ืฃ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ
06:37
and linking them with mapping technology,
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ื•ืžืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ืžื™ืคื•ื™,
06:39
so that we can see exactly where these circles break,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื™ืคื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื—ื•ื’ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื ืคื’ืขื™ื,
06:43
because this is not just an American issue.
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ื›ื™ ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืจืง ื‘ืขื™ื” ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช.
06:46
There are a quarter-billion migrants around the world;
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ื™ืฉ ืจื‘ืข ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื;
ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื, ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ืฉืœื ื‘ื”ืŸ ื ื•ืœื“ื•.
06:50
people living, loving and learning in countries where they were not born.
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06:54
And in my career, in my life, I've been one of them:
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ื•ื‘ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื™, ื‘ื—ื™ื™, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื:
06:56
in China, in Africa, in Europe.
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ื‘ืกื™ืŸ, ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”, ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”.
06:59
And each time I become one of these foreigners --
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื•ืคืš ืœืื—ื“ ื”ื–ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” --
07:02
one of these strange-looking guys in a new land --
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ืื—ื“ ื”ื—ื‘ืจ'ื” ื”ืžืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœืžืจืื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื—ื“ืฉื” --
07:06
I can't help but think back to that day
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ืื ื™ ื ื–ื›ืจ ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื
ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื“ืจื•ื-ืžื ื”ื˜ืŸ ืขื ืื™ืžื™
07:08
when I was in Lower Manhattan with my mom
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07:10
all those decades ago,
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ืœืคื ื™ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื,
07:12
when I was scared,
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื‘ื•ื”ืœ,
ื•ื–ื” ืขืชื” ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื”.
07:14
and I had just spotted that green lady.
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07:17
And I guess the question that I keep on thinking about
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ื•ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืฉื”ืฉืืœื”
ืฉืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืขืกื™ืง ืื•ืชื™ ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืื•ืชื”
07:21
when I see her
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ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืขืชืงื™ื ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœื” ืฉื”ื ื›ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื—ื•ืžื™ื,
07:23
and all the younger replicas of her that are so obviously brown,
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07:27
and even the paintings that showcase her in the beginning
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืื•ืชื” ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”:
07:30
as not quite green --
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ืœื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื™ืจื•ืงื” --
07:33
when I look at all of that,
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ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืืœื”,
07:36
the question that my research seeks to answer
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ื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœื™ ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœืขื ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”
07:39
becomes, to me, the same one that confounded me all those years ago:
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ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื™ ืœื–ื• ืฉื‘ืœื‘ืœื” ืื•ืชื™ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืœ ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉื ื™ื:
07:44
Is she a monster
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ื”ืื ื”ื™ื ืžืคืœืฆืช
07:47
or a hero?
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ืื• ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื”?
07:49
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
07:50
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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