What we're missing in the debate about immigration | Duarte Geraldino

Prevoditelj: Biljana Ježik Recezent: Tilen Pigac - EFZG

So, Ma was trying to explain something to me

Dok mi je mama objašnjavala nešto

about Grandma and when they grew up,

o baki i odrastanju,

but I couldn't pay attention to her

ali nisam se mogao usredotočiti na nju

because I was five years old, and I was petrified.

jer sam imao pet godina i bio sam prestravljen.

I had just seen The Green Lady.

Bio sam upravo vidio Zelenu damu.

Now, about a week earlier, I'd watched that movie "Godzilla,"

Tjedan prije toga, gledao sam film "Godzillu",

the one about that huge lizard-like beast storming a major city,

onaj gdje ogromna zvijer u obliku guštera razara veliki grad

and the thought of a green monster coming for me was stuck in my mind.

i pomisao da me napada zeleno čudovište, urezala mi se u pamćenje.

And yet there I was, at the tip of Lower Manhattan with my mom,

Bio sam tamo, na vrhu Donjeg Manhattana s mamom,

just staring at her:

piljeći u nju:

her horns,

u njezine rogove,

her muscles --

njezine mišiće,

all of it just frightened me.

sve me to plašilo.

And I didn't know whether she was a monster or a hero.

Nisam znao je li ona čudovište ili heroj.

So I decided to consult the Google of the day --

Odlučio sam pitati tadašnjeg "Google-a":

"Ma! Ma!"

"Mama! Mama!"

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

My mother explained that The Green Lady is actually the Statue of Liberty

Majka mi je objasnila da je Zelena Dama zapravo Kip slobode

and that she was waving immigrants in.

te da je mahala imigrantima na ulasku.

Now, the part of her explanation that really messed with my young head

Dio njezinog objašnjenja koji moja mlada glava nije shvatila

was the fact that, according to Ma,

je činjenica da, prema njezinim riječima,

long before us,

davno prije nas,

The Green Lady was actually brown,

Zelena je dama bila zapravo smeđa,

brown like me,

smeđa poput mene

and that she changed colors over the years,

i da je s godinama mijenjala boje,

much like America.

vrlo slično kao Amerika.

Now, the part that really is intriguing about this

Najzanimljiviji dio svega ovoga

is that when she changed colors,

jest kada je ona promijenila boju,

she made me think about myself.

navela me da razmišljam o sebi.

It all made sense to me,

Sve mi je imalo smisla,

because as a first-generation American,

jer sam ja, podrijetlom Amerikanac,

I was surrounded by immigrants.

bio okružen doseljenicima.

In fact, within my immediate social circle of the people who support me,

U mojem najbližem društvenom krugu ljudi koji su mi podrška,

who enrich my life,

koji obogaćuju moj život,

at least two are foreign-born.

najmanje dvoje je rođeno u inozemstvu.

My life as a US citizen is in many ways shaped by newcomers,

Kao građaninu SAD-a, na moj su život najviše utjecale pridošlice,

and chances are,

i vrlo vjerojatno

so is yours.

utjecale su i na vaše živote.

There are more than 40 million immigrants in the USA.

U SAD-u se nalazi više od 40 milijuna doseljenika.

According to census data,

Prema popisu stanovništva,

a quarter of the nation's children have at least one foreign-born parent.

četvrtina američke djece ima barem jednog roditelja rođenog u inozemstvu.

I know all these statistics because I study global migration patterns.

Znam ove statistike jer proučavam obrasce migracija na globalnoj razini.

I'm a journalist, and for the last few years,

Novinar sam, i u zadnjih nekoliko godina,

I've been documenting the lives of US citizens

dokumentirao sam živote građana SAD-a

who've lost people to deportation.

čiji su bliski ljudi bili protjerani.

And the numbers are enormous.

Brojke su ogromne.

From 2008 to 2016,

Od 2008. do 2016.,

more than three million people were "ordered removed" --

donesenih je "rješenja o protjerivanju" za više od tri milijuna ljudi,

that's the technical term for being deported.

to je tehnički izraz za osobe koje bivaju deportirane iz države.

There is an economic, a political, a psychological and an emotional cost

Postoji ekonomska, politička, psihološka i emocionalna šteta

to those deportations --

kao posljedice protjerivanja,

the moments when these circles are broken.

trenutci kada su krugovi prekinuti.

I once asked a US soldier,

Upitao sam američku vojnikinju:

"Why did you volunteer to fight this war?"

"Zašto si se prijavila boriti u ratu?"

And she told me,

Odgovorila mi je:

"Because I'm proud to defend my country."

"Ponosna sam što ću braniti domovinu."

But I pressed to know --

Navaljivao sam dalje:

"Really, when you're on base,

"Kada si u bazi

and you hear bombs exploding in the distance,

i čuješ eksplozije bombi u daljini

and you see soldiers coming back who are gravely injured,

i vidiš teško ozlijeđene vojnike kako se vraćaju,

in that moment, when you know you could be next,

u tom trenutku, kada znaš da možeš biti sljedeća,

what does 'my country' mean?"

što ti znači 'domovina'?"

She looked at me.

Pogledala me:

"My country is my wife,

"Moja je domovina moja žena,

my family,

moja obitelj,

my friends, my soldiers."

moji prijatelji, moji vojnici."

What she was telling me

Ono što mi je rekla

is that "my country" is a collection of these strong relationships;

jest da je "moja domovina" zapravo skup tih snažnih veza,

these social circles.

tih društvenih krugova.

When the social circles are weakened,

Kad su društveni krugovi oslabljeni,

a country itself is weaker.

sama je država slabija.

We're missing a crucial aspect in the debate about immigration policy.

U raspravi o politici iseljavanja, nedostaje nam ključan aspekt.

Rather than focusing on individuals,

Umjesto fokusiranja na pojedince,

we should focus on the circles around them,

trebali bismo se usredotočiti na krugove oko njih,

because these are the people who are left behind:

jer su to ljudi koji ostaju:

the voters, the taxpayers,

glasači, porezni obveznici,

the ones who are suffering that loss.

oni koji trpe gubitak.

And it's not just the children of the deported

Ne osjećaju samo djeca protjeranih ljudi

who are impacted.

posljedice deportacije.

You have brothers and sisters who are separated by borders.

Postoje braća i sestre koje dijeli granica.

You have classmates, teachers, law enforcement officers,

Postoje školski prijatelji, učitelji, policijski službenici,

technologists, scientists, doctors,

tehničari, znanstvenici, doktori

who are all scrambling to make sense of new realities

koji pokušavaju pronaći smisao novih stvarnosti

when their social circles are broken.

kada se raspadnu društveni krugovi.

These are the real lives behind all these statistics

To su stvarni životi iza tih statistika

that dominate discussions about immigration policy.

koji su ključni u raspravama o imigraciji.

But we don't often think about them.

No o njima ne mislimo često.

And I'm trying to change that.

I to pokušavam promijeniti.

Here's just one of the real-life stories that I've collected.

Ovo je samo jedna stvarna životna priča o kojoj znam.

And it still haunts me.

Još uvijek me proganja.

I met Ramon and his son in 2016,

Upoznao sam Ramona i njegovog sina 2016. godine,

the same year both of them were being ordered out of the country.

iste godine kada je za oboje doneseno rješenje o izlasku iz zemlje.

Ramon was being deported to Latin America,

Ramon je protjeran u Latinsku Ameriku,

while his son, who was a sergeant in the US military,

dok je njegov sin, narednik u američkoj vojsci,

was being deployed.

dobio premještaj.

Deported ...

Protjeran...

deployed.

premješten.

If you just look at Ramon's case,

Ako pogledate Ramonov slučaj,

it wouldn't be clear how deeply connected to the country he is.

nije vidljivo koliko je on duboko povezan sa svojom zemljom.

But consider his son:

Razmotrite njegovog sina:

a US citizen defending a country that's banished his father.

američki građanin koji brani zemlju koja je prognala njegova oca.

The social circle is what's key here.

Ovdje je društveni krug ključan.

Here's another example that illustrates those critical bonds.

Ovo je sljedeći primjer koji prikazuje te kritične veze.

A group of citizens in Philadelphia were concerned about their jobs,

Grupa građana u Philadelphiji bila je zabrinuta za njihove poslove,

because the legal owner of the restaurant where they worked

jer je zakonski vlasnik restorana gdje su radili

was an undocumented immigrant,

bio doseljenik bez dokumenata

and immigration officials had picked him up.

i službenici za imigrante su ga priveli.

They rallied behind him.

Ljudi su prosvjedovali.

An immigration lawyer argued

Odvjetnik je tvrdio da je čovjek

he was too important to the local community

jako važan za lokalnu zajednicu

to be deported.

i da ne može biti protjeran.

At the hearing, they even submitted restaurant reviews --

Na saslušanju su čak prikazali recenzije restorana,

restaurant reviews!

recenzije restorana!

In the end, a judge exercised what's called "judicial discretion"

Na koncu, sudac se pozvao na "sudsku diskreciju"

and allowed him to stay in the country,

te mu dopustio da ostane u državi,

but only because they considered the social circle.

ali samo zato što su u obzir uzeli društveni krug.

There are 23 million noncitizens in the USA,

U SAD-u je 23 milijuna pridošlica,

according to verifiable federal data.

prema provjerljivim saveznim podacima.

And that doesn't include the undocumented,

No tu ne spadaju pridošlice bez dokumenata,

because numbers for that population are at best complex estimates.

jer brojka za tu populaciju je u najboljem slučaju složena procjena.

Let's just work with what we have.

Radimo zasad s onim što znamo.

That's 23 million social circles --

To su 23 milijuna društvenih krugova,

about 100 million individuals

oko 100 milijuna pojedinaca

whose lives could be impacted by deportation.

na čije je živote utjecalo protjerivanje.

And the stress of it all is trickling down through the population.

Na kraju posljedice svega ovoga najviše osjeća populacija.

A 2017 poll by UCLA of LA County residents

Sveučilište u Kaliforniji provelo je anketu u Los Angelesu 2017.

found that 30 percent of citizens in LA County

koja pokazuje da je 30 posto stanovništva okruga Los Angelesa

are stressed about deportation,

u stalnoj napetosti zbog protjerivanja,

not because they themselves could be removed,

ne zato jer bi sami mogli biti protjerani,

but rather, because members of their social circle were at risk.

već zato što postoji mogućnost da će protjerati članove njihovog kruga.

I am not suggesting that no one should ever be deported;

Ne tvrdim da nitko nikada nebi trebao biti protjeran,

don't confuse me with that.

nemojte to misliti.

But what I am saying is that we need to look at the bigger picture.

Ono što govorim jest da trebamo gledati širu sliku.

If you are within the sound of my voice,

Ukoliko me sada slušate,

I want you to close your eyes for a moment

želim da na trenutak zatvorite oči

and examine your own social circle.

i pregledate svoj društveni krug.

Who are your foreign-born?

Imate li vi osoba rođenih u inozemstvu?

What would it feel like if the circle were broken?

Kako biste se osjećali da je prekinut vaš krug?

Share your story.

Podijelite svoju priču.

I'm building a global archive of first-person accounts

Stvaram globalnu arhivu iskustava

and linking them with mapping technology,

i povezujem ih tehnikom kartiranja,

so that we can see exactly where these circles break,

kako bismo točno mogli vidjeti gdje pucaju ti krugovi,

because this is not just an American issue.

jer to nije problem samo u Americi.

There are a quarter-billion migrants around the world;

U svijetu postoji oko četvrt milijarde iseljenika,

people living, loving and learning in countries where they were not born.

ljudi koji žive, vole i uče u državama u kojima nisu rođeni.

And in my career, in my life, I've been one of them:

Tijekom svoje karijere, u životu, bio sam jedan od njih:

in China, in Africa, in Europe.

u Kini, Africi, Europi.

And each time I become one of these foreigners --

Svaki put kada postanem stranac,

one of these strange-looking guys in a new land --

kad postanem osoba čudnog izgleda u novoj zemlji,

I can't help but think back to that day

uvijek se vratim na onaj dan

when I was in Lower Manhattan with my mom

kada sam bio u Donjem Manhattanu s mamom

all those decades ago,

prije toliko desetljeća,

when I was scared,

kad sam se uplašio

and I had just spotted that green lady.

jer sam tek ugledao zelenu damu.

And I guess the question that I keep on thinking about

Pitanje o kojem stalno razmišljam

when I see her

kada ugledam nju

and all the younger replicas of her that are so obviously brown,

i sve njezine prijašnje kopije koje su tako očigledno smeđe,

and even the paintings that showcase her in the beginning

pa čak i slike koje prikazuju kako je izgledala u početku

as not quite green --

u boji nimalo nalik na zelenu,

when I look at all of that,

kada sagledam sve to,

the question that my research seeks to answer

pitanje na koje nastojim odgovoriti kroz istraživanje

becomes, to me, the same one that confounded me all those years ago:

postaje isto ono pitanje koje me bunilo prije toliko godina:

Is she a monster

Je li ona čudovište

or a hero?

ili heroj?

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)