Josh Silver demos adjustable liquid-filled eyeglasses

Traducător: Valentin Azoicai Corector: Lucian BIBO

I'm going to tell you about one of the world's largest problems

Am sa va vorbesc despre una din cele mai mari probleme din lume

and how it can be solved.

si modul in care poate fi rezolvata.

I'd like to start with a little experiment.

As dori sa incep cu un mic experiment.

Could you put your hand up if you wear glasses or contact lenses,

Ati putea ridica mana daca purtati ochelari sau lentile de contact,

or you've had laser refractive surgery?

sau ati beneficiat de interventie chirurgicala refractiva cu laser?

Now, unfortunately, there are too many of you for me to do the statistics properly.

Din pacate, sunteti prea multi pentru ca eu sa fac o apreciere statistica corecta.

But it looks like -- I'm guessing -- that it'll be about 60 percent of the room

Dar, se pare ca - apreciez ca - ar fi cam 60% din sala

because that's roughly the fraction of developed world population

pentru ca este aproximativ procentul la populatiei din tarile dezvoltate

that have some sort of vision correction.

care beneficiaza de o metoda de corectie vizuala.

The World Health Organization estimates --

Organizatia mondiala a sanatatii estimeaza --

well, they make various estimates of the number of people who need glasses --

in fine, ei au mai multe estimari ale numarului de persoane care au nevoie de ochelari --

the lowest estimate is 150 million people.

cea mai mica estimare este de 150 milioane de persoane.

They also have an estimate of around a billion.

De asemenea mai au o estimare in jur de un miliard.

But in fact, I would argue that we've just done an experiment here and now,

Dar, defapt, as spune ca am facut un experiment aici si acum,

which shows us that the global need for corrective eyewear

care ne arata ca nevoia globala de mijoace corectie a vederii

is around half of any population.

este de proximativ jumatate din populatie.

And the problem of poor vision, is actually not just a health problem,

Iar problema unei vederi slabe, nu este doar o problema de sanatate,

it's also an educational problem,

este de asemenea o problema educationala,

and it's an economic problem, and it's a quality of life problem.

si este o problema economica, si o problema de calitate a vietii.

Glasses are not very expensive. They're quite plentiful.

Ochelarii nu sunt foarte scumpi. Acestia se gasesc chiar din abundenta.

The problem is, there aren't enough eye care professionals in the world

Problema este ca, nu sunt destui profesionisti in ingrijirea oculara in lume.

to use the model of the delivery of corrective eyewear

care sa foloseasca modelul de livrare a ochelarilor de corectie

that we have in the developed world.

pe care l-am dezvoltat in lume.

There are just way too few eye care professionals.

Sunt doar prea putini profesionisti oftalmologi.

So this little slide here shows you an optometrist

Acest mic diapozitiv va prezinta un optometrist

and the little blue person represents about 10,000 people

iar omuletul albastru reprezinta aproximativ 10.000 persoane

and that's the ratio in the U.K.

si aceasta este raportul in Marea Britanie.

This is the ratio of optometrists to people in sub-Saharan Africa.

Aceasta este raportul optometristi/populatie in Africa sub-Sahariana.

In fact, there are some countries in sub-Saharan Africa

De fapt, sunt unele tari in Adrica sub-Sahariana

where there's one optometrist for eight million of the population.

unde exista un optometrist pentru 8 milioane de oameni.

How do you do this? How do you solve this problem?

Cum sa faci asta? Cum sa rezolvi aceasta problema?

I came up with a solution to this problem,

Eu am venit cu o solutie la aceasta problema,

and I came up with a solution based on adaptive optics for this.

si am venit cu o solutie bazata pe sisteme optice adaptive.

And the idea is you make eye glasses, and you adjust them yourself

Iar ideea este ca sa-ti faci ochelari si sa ii ajustezi pentru tine

and that solves the problem.

si aceasta rezolva problema.

What I want to do is to show you that one can make a pair of glasses.

Ceea ce vreau sa va arat este ca se poate face o pereche de ochelari.

I shall just show you how you make a pair of glasses. I shall pop this in my pocket.

Va voi arata cum se face o pereche de ochelari. Am sa pun aceasta in buzunar.

I'm short sighted. I look at the signs at the end, I can hardly see them.

Eu sunt miop. Ma uit la semnele din fundul salii si de abia le vad.

So -- okay, I can now see that man running out there,

Asa - bine, acum pot vedea omul de acolo care iese in viteza ,

and I can see that guy running out there.

si il pot vedea pe omul acela care alearga dincolo.

I've now made prescription eyewear to my prescription.

Am facut acum ochelari prescrisi pentru prescriptia mea.

Next step in my process.

Pasul urmator in procesul meu.

So, I've now made eye glasses to my prescription.

Deci, acum mi-am facut ochelari pentru prescriptia mea.

Okay, so I've made these glasses and ...

Bine, am facut acesti ochelari si ...

Okay, I've made the glasses to my prescription and ...

Bine, am facut acesti ochelari pentru mine si ...

... I've just ...

... si am ...

And I've now made some glasses. That's it.

Si am facut niste ochelari. Asta e tot.

(Applause)

(Aplauze)

Now, these aren't the only pair in the world.

Aceasta nu este singura pereche din lume.

In fact, this technology's been evolving.

De fapt aceasta tehnologie a evoluat.

I started working on it in 1985,

Am inceput sa lucrez la ea in 1985,

and it's been evolving very slowly.

si a evoluat foarte incet.

There are about 30,000 in use now.

Sunt aproximativ 30.000 in folosinta acum.

And they're in fifteen countries. They're spread around the world.

Sunt in 15 tari. S-au raspandit in jurul lumii.

And I have a vision, which I'll share with you.

Si am o viziune, pe care o sa o impartasesc cu voi.

I have a global vision for vision.

Am o viziune globala pentru vedere.

And that vision is to try to get a billion people

Si aceasta viziune este sa determin un miliard de oameni

wearing the glasses they need by the year 2020.

sa poarte ochelarii de care au nevoie pana in anul 2020.

To do that -- this is an early example of the technology.

Pentru a face asta - acesta este un exemplu de prototip.

The technology is being further developed --

Tehnologia este in curs de dezvoltare -

the cost has to be brought down.

pretul trebuie sa scada.

This pair, in fact, these currently cost about 19 dollars.

Aceasta pereche costa, in momentul acesta, aproximativ 19 dolari.

But the cost has to be brought right down.

Dar pretul trebuie scazut.

It has to be brought down because we're trying to serve populations

Trebuie scazut deoarece incercam sa servim oameni

who live on a dollar a day.

care traiesc cu 1 dolar pe zi.

How do you solve this problem?

Cum rezolvi aceasta problema?

You start to get into detail.

Incepi sa intri in detalii.♪

And on this slide, I'm basically explaining all the problems you have.

Si pe acest diapozitiv, practic explic toate problemele pe care le aveti.

How do you distribute? How do you work out how to fit the thing?

Cum se face distribuirea? Cum procedezi pentru a potrivi lucrurile?

How do you have people realizing that they have a vision problem?

Cum determini populatia sa realizeze ca are o problema de vedere?

How do you deal with the industry?

Cum te descurci cu industria?

And the answer to that is research.

Si raspunsul este: cercetare.

What we've done is to set up the Center for Vision in the Developing World

Am infiintat Center for Vision in Developing World(Centru Vederii in Tarile in Curs de Dezvoltare)

here in the university.

aici in Universitate.

If you want to know more, just come have a look at our website. Thank you.

Daca doriti sa stiti mai multe, va invit sa aruncati o privire pe site-ul nostru. Va multumesc.

(Applause)

(Aplauze)