Josh Silver demos adjustable liquid-filled eyeglasses

47,213 views ・ 2009-09-01

TED


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Prevoditelj: Davorin Jelačić Recezent: Mislav Ante Omazić - EFZG
00:19
I'm going to tell you about one of the world's largest problems
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Reći ću vam nešto o jednom od najvećih svjetskih problema
00:23
and how it can be solved.
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i kako ga možemo riješiti.
00:27
I'd like to start with a little experiment.
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Volio bih početi s malim eksperimentom.
00:31
Could you put your hand up if you wear glasses or contact lenses,
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Možete li podići ruku ako nosite naočale ili leće,
00:37
or you've had laser refractive surgery?
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ili ako ste obavili refraktivnu lasersku operaciju?
00:40
Now, unfortunately, there are too many of you for me to do the statistics properly.
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Na žalost, previše vas je da bih napravio dobru statističku analizu.
00:47
But it looks like -- I'm guessing -- that it'll be about 60 percent of the room
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Ali izgleda kao – nagađam – da je riječ o oko 60 posto vas u prostoriji
00:52
because that's roughly the fraction of developed world population
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jer je to postotak stanovništva u razvijenom svijetu
00:58
that have some sort of vision correction.
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koji treba neki oblik korekcije vida.
01:02
The World Health Organization estimates --
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Svjetska zdravstvena organizacija procjenjuje --
01:07
well, they make various estimates of the number of people who need glasses --
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oni rade razne procjene broja ljudi kojima trebaju naočale --
01:11
the lowest estimate is 150 million people.
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najniža procjena je 150 milijuna ljudi.
01:15
They also have an estimate of around a billion.
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A imaju i drugu procjenu koja kaže milijardu.
01:19
But in fact, I would argue that we've just done an experiment here and now,
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No, zapravo, tvrdim da smo upravo napravili eksperiment ovdje i sada,
01:23
which shows us that the global need for corrective eyewear
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koji nam pokazuje da je svjetska potreba za korekcijom vida
01:27
is around half of any population.
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negdje oko polovice stanovništva.
01:31
And the problem of poor vision, is actually not just a health problem,
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A problem slabog vida nije samo zdravstveni,
01:38
it's also an educational problem,
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već i edukacijski problem,
01:41
and it's an economic problem, and it's a quality of life problem.
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a to je i ekonomski problem, kao i problem kvalitete života.
01:47
Glasses are not very expensive. They're quite plentiful.
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Naočale nisu jako skupe. Ima ih mnogo.
01:52
The problem is, there aren't enough eye care professionals in the world
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Problem je u tome što nema dovoljno okulista u svijetu
01:59
to use the model of the delivery of corrective eyewear
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da primijene model isporuke pomagala za korekciju vida
02:03
that we have in the developed world.
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kakav imamo mi u razvijenom svijetu.
02:05
There are just way too few eye care professionals.
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Jednostavno ima premalo okulista.
02:08
So this little slide here shows you an optometrist
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Ovaj mali slajd vam prikazuje okulistu
02:11
and the little blue person represents about 10,000 people
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a plavi čovječuljak predstavlja 10.000 ljudi
02:16
and that's the ratio in the U.K.
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i to je omjer u Velikoj Britaniji.
02:18
This is the ratio of optometrists to people in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Ovo je omjer okulista naprema stanovništvu podsaharske Afrike.
02:23
In fact, there are some countries in sub-Saharan Africa
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U stvari, u podsaharskoj Africi ima zemalja
02:25
where there's one optometrist for eight million of the population.
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u kojima jedan okulist dolazi na osam milijuna stanovnika.
02:31
How do you do this? How do you solve this problem?
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Kako postupiti u vezi s ovim? Kako riješiti taj problem?
02:35
I came up with a solution to this problem,
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Došao sam do rješenja,
02:38
and I came up with a solution based on adaptive optics for this.
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i to do rješenja koje se temelji na adaptivnoj optici.
02:41
And the idea is you make eye glasses, and you adjust them yourself
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Ideja je u tome da napravite naočale i sami ih podesite
02:45
and that solves the problem.
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i to rješava problem.
02:47
What I want to do is to show you that one can make a pair of glasses.
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Ono što želim učiniti je pokazati vam da čovjek može načiniti naočale.
02:55
I shall just show you how you make a pair of glasses. I shall pop this in my pocket.
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Sad ću vam pokazati kako ćete napraviti naočale. Stavit ću ovo u džep.
03:01
I'm short sighted. I look at the signs at the end, I can hardly see them.
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Ja sam kratkovidan. Ako gledam natpise na kraju, jedva da ih i vidim.
03:06
So -- okay, I can now see that man running out there,
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Dakle – OK, sad vidim čovjeka koji tamo trči,
03:11
and I can see that guy running out there.
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a vidim i tipa koji ondje trči.
03:13
I've now made prescription eyewear to my prescription.
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Sada sam napravio pomagalo za vid po vlastitom receptu.
03:18
Next step in my process.
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Sljedeći korak u mojem procesu.
03:21
So, I've now made eye glasses to my prescription.
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Sada sam napravio naočale po mojem receptu.
03:26
Okay, so I've made these glasses and ...
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Dobro, sad sam napravio naočale i...
03:32
Okay, I've made the glasses to my prescription and ...
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OK, napravio sam naočale prema svojem receptu i...
03:39
... I've just ...
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... samo sam...
03:51
And I've now made some glasses. That's it.
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I sada sam napravio naočale. To je to.
03:54
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
04:01
Now, these aren't the only pair in the world.
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No, ovo nisu jedine na svijetu.
04:05
In fact, this technology's been evolving.
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U stvari, tehnologija se razvija.
04:08
I started working on it in 1985,
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Počeo sam raditi na ovome 1985.,
04:11
and it's been evolving very slowly.
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i razvijala se vrlo polako.
04:14
There are about 30,000 in use now.
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Sada ih je u uporabi oko 30.000.
04:16
And they're in fifteen countries. They're spread around the world.
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Ima ih u petnaest zemalja. Raširile su se svijetom.
04:20
And I have a vision, which I'll share with you.
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Imam viziju, koju ću podijeliti s vama.
04:23
I have a global vision for vision.
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Imam globalnu viziju za vid.
04:26
And that vision is to try to get a billion people
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A ta vizija se sastoji u tome da pokušamo da milijardu ljudi
04:31
wearing the glasses they need by the year 2020.
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nosi naočale koje im trebaju do godine 2020.
04:36
To do that -- this is an early example of the technology.
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Da bismo to postigli – ovo je rani primjer tehnologije.
04:39
The technology is being further developed --
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Tehnologija se dalje razvija --
04:41
the cost has to be brought down.
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trošak mora pasti.
04:43
This pair, in fact, these currently cost about 19 dollars.
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Ove naočale trenutno koštaju oko 19 dolara.
04:48
But the cost has to be brought right down.
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Ali trošak se mora smanjiti.
04:50
It has to be brought down because we're trying to serve populations
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Mora se smanjiti budući da pokušavamo opskrbiti stanovništvo
04:53
who live on a dollar a day.
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koje živi od dolara dnevno.
04:55
How do you solve this problem?
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Kako riješiti taj problem?
04:57
You start to get into detail.
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Počnete se upuštati u detalje.
04:59
And on this slide, I'm basically explaining all the problems you have.
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Na ovom slajdu, u principu objašnjavam sve probleme koji postoje.
05:04
How do you distribute? How do you work out how to fit the thing?
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Kako distribuirati? Kako razraditi ugađanje naočala?
05:08
How do you have people realizing that they have a vision problem?
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Kako postići da ljudi shvate da imaju problem s vidom?
05:12
How do you deal with the industry?
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Kako surađivati s industrijom?
05:14
And the answer to that is research.
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Odgovor za to je istraživanje.
05:18
What we've done is to set up the Center for Vision in the Developing World
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Ono što smo učinili je da smo osnovali Centar za vid za zemlje u razvoju
05:22
here in the university.
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ovdje na sveučilištu.
05:24
If you want to know more, just come have a look at our website. Thank you.
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Ako vas zanima više, pogledajte na našoj Internet stranici. Hvala.
05:27
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
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